建造背景
明(ming)王朝建立初期,北方(fang)的局勢很不穩定。為(wei)(wei)了防御蒙(meng)古族統治集團復辟(pi),平(ping)山衛指揮(hui)僉(qian)事陳(chen)鏞,從明(ming)洪武二年(nian)到五年(nian),將筑土城改筑為(wei)(wei)磚城。為(wei)(wei)“嚴更(geng)漏(lou)而窺(kui)敵望(wang)遠(yuan)”,報(bao)時(shi)報(bao)警,又用修(xiu)城余木,建造了一(yi)座高達百尺的更(geng)鼓(gu)樓,故初名“余木樓”。又因此(ci)樓有鼓(gu)聲報(bao)時(shi),人們(men)也稱之為(wei)(wei)“鼓(gu)樓”。明(ming)成化二十二年(nian)(1486),知府楊能在維修(xiu)該樓時(shi),因地而名,稱之為(wei)(wei)“東昌樓”。明(ming)弘治九年(nian)(1496),吏部考(kao)工員外郎(lang)李贊過東昌,訪太守金天(tian)錫,共登(deng)此(ci)樓,對該樓贊嘆不已(yi),“因嘆斯樓,天(tian)下所(suo)無。雖黃(huang)鶴、岳(yue)(yue)陽亦(yi)當(dang)望(wang)拜。乃今百年(nian)矣,尚寞落無名稱,不亦(yi)屈乎?因與天(tian)錫評(ping)命之曰(yue)‘光岳(yue)(yue)樓’,取其近(jin)魯(lu)有光于岱岳(yue)(yue)也。”此(ci)后(hou),歷(li)代重修(xiu)碑記中(zhong),一(yi)直沿(yan)用“光岳(yue)(yue)樓”。
建筑風貌
光(guang)岳樓為(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)重檐(yan)十(shi)字脊(ji)過街式(shi)樓閣,通高(gao)33米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),由(you)墩(dun)臺(tai)和4層主(zhu)樓組成。墩(dun)臺(tai)為(wei)(wei)磚(zhuan)石砌成的(de)正4棱臺(tai),高(gao)9.38米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。底(di)邊邊長34.43米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),上(shang)(shang)緣邊長31.93米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),總(zong)占地1185.42平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)漸有收分。臺(tai)體(ti)的(de)東(dong)、西、南(nan)、北四(si)(si)面(mian)中部,各設(she)(she)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)半(ban)券形(xing)拱(gong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),券至(zhi)臺(tai)中心(xin)處(chu)成十(shi)字交叉拱(gong)。四(si)(si)拱(gong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)相(xiang)同,均面(mian)寬5.76米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),拱(gong)腳直高(gao)2.90米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),矢高(gao)2.88米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),券上(shang)(shang)方(fang)砌門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)額,南(nan)曰(yue)“文明”,北曰(yue)“武定(ding)”,東(dong)曰(yue)“太平(ping)(ping)”,西曰(yue)“興禮”。臺(tai)頂邊砌疊澀出檐(yan)磚(zhuan)三皮(pi),上(shang)(shang)筑女墻(qiang),墻(qiang)高(gao)1.12米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),厚0.45米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),樓以(yi)南(nan)向(xiang)為(wei)(wei)尊。南(nan)向(xiang)拱(gong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)兩側各開一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)拱(gong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),形(xing)制(zhi)與中間拱(gong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)相(xiang)似(si),東(dong)側小(xiao)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)額用青石刻(ke)成,上(shang)(shang)書“鳳城仙闕”,西側刻(ke)有 “閬(lang)苑瀛洲”,分別由(you)安(an)(an)躍(yue)撥和朱續(xu)罩題(ti)寫(xie)。據史料(liao)記載,安(an)(an)躍(yue)撥、朱續(xu)罩均為(wei)(wei)清代人士,由(you)此可(ke)知(zhi),此二匾額均為(wei)(wei)后來維修光(guang)岳樓時(shi)所加刻(ke)。西門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)為(wei)(wei)假(jia)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men),只存形(xing)式(shi),以(yi)求和東(dong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)相(xiang)稱。東(dong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)則(ze)是登樓的(de)唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)通道,門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)寬3.14米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),拱(gong)角直高(gao)1.75米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),矢高(gao)1.57米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。拱(gong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)內又另砌小(xiao)券,門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)洞寬1.86米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)內為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)方(fang)室,東(dong)設(she)(she)踏(ta)跺,升4級至(zhi)梯(ti)(ti)臺(tai)。樓臺(tai)南(nan)壁設(she)(she)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)窗,供通風采光(guang)之用,北轉升37級至(zhi)平(ping)(ping)臺(tai),再升15級達臺(tai)面(mian),共計56級。梯(ti)(ti)井口(kou)上(shang)(shang)筑一(yi)(yi)(yi)敞軒,以(yi)防雨水侵入。其(qi)建(jian)(jian)筑年代,似(si)為(wei)(wei)清乾隆年間。其(qi)位(wei)置恰在樓東(dong)之中軸(zhou)線上(shang)(shang),由(you)于(yu)東(dong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要大道,增其(qi)建(jian)(jian)筑以(yi)為(wei)(wei)標志。敞軒面(mian)闊5間,進深3間。明間、次(ci)間面(mian)闊皆2.30米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),梢(shao)間僅0.67米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。梯(ti)(ti)井口(kou)占明、次(ci)3間。梢(shao)間形(xing)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)周敞廊,柱(zhu)間設(she)(she)檻墻(qiang),安(an)(an)吳王靠,可(ke)供登樓時(shi)休息之用。敞軒不施斗拱(gong),單檐(yan)歇山卷棚頂,輕(qing)巧(qiao)明快(kuai)。在敞軒梯(ti)(ti)口(kou)處(chu)掛有當(dang)代書法名家啟功所題(ti)寫(xie)的(de)“共登青云梯(ti)(ti)”木刻(ke)匾額,字體(ti)清秀(xiu),筆(bi)力(li)遒勁。臺(tai)面(mian)墁(man)砌,繞以(yi)女墻(qiang),東(dong)西兩側設(she)(she)有排水道。
四層主樓(lou)(lou)筑于高臺之上(shang),全為(wei)木結構,方(fang)(fang)形帶廊,高24米(mi)(mi),共有金柱(zhu)192根(gen)(gen),斗拱200朵(duo)。第一(yi)(yi)層樓(lou)(lou),地面(mian)比臺面(mian)略高,呈正方(fang)(fang)形,四周(zhou)砌以條石,面(mian)闊進深皆(jie)7間(jian)(jian),明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)面(mian)闊特大,為(wei)4.05米(mi)(mi),次間(jian)(jian)、梢間(jian)(jian)較(jiao)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)小(xiao),自(zi)(zi)2.79米(mi)(mi)到2.90米(mi)(mi)不(bu)等(deng)。盡間(jian)(jian)面(mian)闊最小(xiao),自(zi)(zi)1.75米(mi)(mi)到1.89米(mi)(mi)不(bu)等(deng),系(xi)樓(lou)(lou)身(shen)(shen)之回廊。樓(lou)(lou)本身(shen)(shen)平面(mian)面(mian)闊進深皆(jie)5間(jian)(jian),用(yong)內(nei)外雙(shuang)槽柱(zhu),外加圍廊,結構清爽明(ming)(ming)了。樓(lou)(lou)身(shen)(shen)檐柱(zhu)一(yi)(yi)周(zhou)共20根(gen)(gen),直徑0.60米(mi)(mi),全部包(bao)于厚達(da)1.34米(mi)(mi)的磚墻內(nei)。墻表面(mian)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)紅(hong)堊,內(nei)側(ce)無(wu)粉飾(shi)(shi)(shi),露清水磚墻。每面(mian)明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)設板門(men)兩扇,無(wu)門(men)飾(shi)(shi)(shi)。冠門(men)簪4個,中(zhong)為(wei)菱形,兩側(ce)為(wei)圓形。樓(lou)(lou)面(mian)兩次間(jian)(jian)開窗。內(nei)槽金柱(zhu)共計12根(gen)(gen),直徑亦0.60米(mi)(mi),髹黑(hei)漆。一(yi)(yi)樓(lou)(lou)門(men)內(nei)北面(mian),在明(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)檐柱(zhu)與金柱(zhu)穿插(cha)枋上(shang)設魯(lu)(lu)班神龕(kan)。 龕(kan)內(nei)設塑魯(lu)(lu)班神像,左(zuo)右設小(xiao)梯可(ke)供(gong)升降。龕(kan)上(shang)方(fang)(fang)懸掛一(yi)(yi)“巧奪天工”木質匾額(e)。白(bai)底(di)黑(hei)字(zi),為(wei)溥杰(jie)(jie)所題(ti),龕(kan)左(zuo)右金柱(zhu)上(shang),木刻(ke)有原(yuan)聊城縣長孫桐峰(feng)撰文(wen),蔣(jiang)維崧(song)重(zhong)書的楹聯一(yi)(yi)副:“泰(tai)山東(dong)峙,黃河西臨,岳色濤色,憑欄把(ba)酒(jiu)無(wu)限(xian)好,叢臺射書,微分(fen)明(ming)(ming)志,人(ren)杰(jie)(jie)地靈,登樓(lou)(lou)懷(huai)古有余馨。”在一(yi)(yi)樓(lou)(lou)的東(dong)南門(men)額(e)上(shang),各懸有木刻(ke)橫匾一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang),東(dong)為(wei)“泰(tai)岱東(dong)來做翠屏”,南為(wei)“宇宙文(wen)衡”。
第二(er)層(ceng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)闊進(jin)深仍(reng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)7間(jian),而盡(jin)間(jian)尺寸更(geng)小,自1.16米至1.26米不等,實際上盡(jin)間(jian)系(xi)回(hui)廊,亦即(ji)平(ping)座部分。該層(ceng)于(yu)4面(mian)(mian)(mian)明間(jian)辟(pi)門(men),為(wei)(wei)(wei)直3道格門(men),兩(liang)側為(wei)(wei)(wei)方眼格窗(chuang),東(dong)西兩(liang)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)梯井通(tong)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)層(ceng)。金柱一周(zhou)內以板壁圍成一長方形室(shi),其(qi)中(zhong)又分為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)、小間(jian)。南(nan)向中(zhong)間(jian)辟(pi)門(men),左(zuo)右(you)開圓窗(chuang)。仰(yang)視(shi)之上為(wei)(wei)(wei)空井,可見4層(ceng)梁架。此室(shi)過(guo)去為(wei)(wei)(wei)供“文(wen)昌(chang)帝君”之用,故名文(wen)昌(chang)閣(ge)(ge)。據說,乾隆(long)皇(huang)帝7次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)下(xia)(xia)(xia)江南(nan),6次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)東(dong)巡,9次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)過(guo)東(dong)昌(chang)府(fu),5次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)登光岳(yue)樓(lou)。并多(duo)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)住在文(wen)昌(chang)閣(ge)(ge)內,曾先后為(wei)(wei)(wei)光岳(yue)樓(lou)賦詩(shi)13首。因此文(wen)昌(chang)閣(ge)(ge)也名“乾隆(long)行宮”。文(wen)昌(chang)閣(ge)(ge)門(men)兩(liang)側,有(you)著名史(shi)學(xue)家、書法家豐子愷題(ti)寫(xie)(xie)的(de)藏頭(tou)楹聯一副:“光前垂(chui)后勞動人民智(zhi)慧無(wu)極;岳(yue)峻(jun)樓(lou)高偉(wei)大(da)(da)祖國文(wen)物(wu)永(yong)昌(chang)。”二(er)樓(lou)四面(mian)(mian)(mian)檐(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)各懸掛四方木質長3米,高1.4米的(de)匾額。南(nan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)檐(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)懸有(you):“神光鐘(zhong)(zhong)暎”匾,為(wei)(wei)(wei)清康(kang)熙皇(huang)帝所(suo)題(ti),邊緣裝飾有(you)龍(long)紋、玉璽,藍底(di)金字(zi)。北檐(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)懸有(you)著名歷史(shi)學(xue)家、考古學(xue)家郭沫若(ruo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀念光岳(yue)樓(lou)落成600周(zhou)年(nian)而于(yu)1974年(nian)題(ti)寫(xie)(xie)的(de)“光岳(yue)樓(lou)”匾,白底(di)黑(hei)字(zi),氣勢磅(bang)礴(bo)。東(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)檐(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)懸“太平(ping)樓(lou)閣(ge)(ge)”匾,為(wei)(wei)(wei)清康(kang)熙六十年(nian)(1721)“字(zi)壓天下(xia)(xia)(xia)”的(de)聊城籍(ji)狀元(yuan)鄧鐘(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)所(suo)題(ti)。在西檐(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia),懸有(you)“就日瞻(zhan)云”匾,白底(di)黑(hei)字(zi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)清代史(shi)學(xue)家解崗題(ti)。由二(er)樓(lou)兩(liang)側梯道升16級臺階到達第三(san)層(ceng)樓(lou)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。
第三(san)層(ceng)系(xi)暗層(ceng),實際(ji)是(shi)樓(lou)的結構層(ceng)。利(li)用橫木(mu)穿插,梁枋扣(kou)合(he),將自下直貫而上(shang)的12根金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu)和20根檐(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)從上(shang)端構成一(yi)個整體(ti),使之(zhi)(zhi)更加牢固(gu)和穩定,故(gu)三(san)層(ceng)也是(shi)樓(lou)的主要框架。該(gai)層(ceng)面(mian)闊進深皆5間。金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu)與(yu)(yu)檐(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)間上(shang)端是(shi)梁架,與(yu)(yu)第二層(ceng)貫通,所以(yi)暗層(ceng)實僅3間。“當心間”即樓(lou)之(zhi)(zhi)正中為空井,四(si)周置欄桿。柱(zhu)(zhu)頂設(she)有顯(xian)著卷剎。此例與(yu)(yu)宋《營造法式》相(xiang)符。外檐(yan)拱(gong)科相(xiang)連、梁柱(zhu)(zhu)相(xiang)交(jiao),枋木(mu)相(xiang)穿,結構緊湊(cou)而疏密(mi)得體(ti),使建筑學(xue)(xue)、美學(xue)(xue)、力(li)學(xue)(xue)、工藝學(xue)(xue)等在(zai)這座樓(lou)上(shang)得以(yi)充分(fen)體(ti)現。第三(san)層(ceng)東次間由北(bei)向南上(shang)13級臺階抵第四(si)層(ceng)。
第(di)四層為(wei)樓的(de)最高(gao)層,共(gong)有柱(zhu)28根,面(mian)(mian)闊進深(shen)皆(jie)3間,平面(mian)(mian)正(zheng)方形,較(jiao)其下諸層驟(zou)然(ran)縮(suo)小。明間面(mian)(mian)闊5.66米(mi),大于其它各層明間,目(mu)的(de)是為(wei)十字脊(ji)(ji)(ji)加(jia)(jia)長,提高(gao)光岳樓的(de)重(zhong)心,使之在外觀上(shang)(shang)更加(jia)(jia)雄偉。明間設窗(chuang)6扇,次間裝冰(bing)紋圓窗(chuang)。中(zhong)間為(wei)空(kong)井,四周設欄桿。屋頂為(wei)十字頂,頂下正(zheng)中(zhong)懸垂蓮(lian)柱(zhu),以八(ba)道斜脊(ji)(ji)(ji)分(fen)別置(zhi)于三架梁(liang)及抹角梁(liang)之上(shang)(shang)。樓脊(ji)(ji)(ji)為(wei)歇山十字脊(ji)(ji)(ji),脊(ji)(ji)(ji)頂正(zheng)中(zhong)裝有一座高(gao)3米(mi),直徑1.5米(mi)的(de)透花(hua)鐵(tie)葫蘆。
建筑特點
光岳樓雖幾經重(zhong)修,其(qi)建(jian)筑(zhu)構(gou)件,大(da)部分仍是初建(jian)時(shi)的原物,基本保持(chi)了原來的面貌,是明初建(jian)筑(zhu)的重(zhong)要遺物,許多(duo)地方保留(liu)了宋元(yuan)風(feng)格。
以(yi)形式而(er)論,磚臺(tai)、重(zhong)檐、十字脊(ji)內部(bu)置空井等(deng),仍襲宋(song)元樓閣遺制(zhi);細部(bu)以(yi)柱(zhu)礎言,從明(ming)洪武(wu)初所建南(nan)京宮殿已開(kai)始(shi)用(yong)古(gu)鏡式,此(ci)樓仍用(yong)宋(song)元以(yi)來(lai)的(de)覆盆式;就結(jie)構來(lai)講,柱(zhu)之側角升起,樓置暗層,內外等(deng)高雙槽柱(zhu)列(lie),斗拱疏(shu)朗配置,以(yi)及(ji)柱(zhu)頭科斗口未(wei)加(jia)寬等(deng),也(ye)都(dou)上承唐宋(song)以(yi)來(lai)的(de)傳統(tong)做法(fa),同時(shi)也(ye)與(yu)其(qi)它明(ming)初建筑有若干相(xiang)似之處,開(kai)“官式”建筑之始(shi)。
該樓(lou)采用的(de)是主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)與附加結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)合的(de)方法,內(nei)(nei)以(yi)32根通(tong)天直(zhi)上(shang)的(de)內(nei)(nei)外(wai)槽柱構(gou)(gou)(gou)成樓(lou)的(de)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti),外(wai)以(yi)一樓(lou)圍廊和二(er)樓(lou)平(ping)座構(gou)(gou)(gou)成樓(lou)的(de)保護(hu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)雖(sui)易(yi)損壞,也易(yi)維修更(geng)換。圍廊和平(ping)座雖(sui)已(yi)重(zhong)修多次,而(er)(er)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)(gou)卻(que)一直(zhi)未動過。第二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)以(yi)上(shang)中央(yang)是空井,前(qian)后(hou)內(nei)(nei)柱無法用梁(liang)穿越,因(yin)而(er)(er)采用了碩大抹(mo)角(jiao)梁(liang),井字梁(liang),層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)環(huan)繞疊架,前(qian)后(hou)左右(you)搭連構(gou)(gou)(gou)結(jie)(jie)。通(tong)過木(mu)疊木(mu)、木(mu)扣木(mu)、木(mu)跨木(mu)、木(mu)連木(mu),形(xing)成一個(ge)牢固穩(wen)定的(de)整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)。而(er)(er)且樓(lou)的(de)形(xing)體(ti)(ti)統一而(er)(er)有變化,有著許多微妙獨到(dao)之(zhi)處(chu)。四(si)(si)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)檐口的(de)處(chu)理(li)各不相(xiang)同。一層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)宏敞(chang),二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)低(di)下,三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)深遠,四(si)(si)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)舒展,整(zheng)個(ge)形(xing)體(ti)(ti)避(bi)免了機(ji)械式斜切直(zhi)線,使人感到(dao)高大而(er)(er)秀麗(li)。
附屬文物
光(guang)岳(yue)樓有(you)石碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)7通(tong)(tong),橫條(tiao)壁碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)15方。7通(tong)(tong)石碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)分別(bie)立于(yu)一樓廊下四周,其中(zhong)南面(mian)3通(tong)(tong),東面(mian)2通(tong)(tong),北(bei)面(mian)2通(tong)(tong)。7通(tong)(tong)石碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)中(zhong)有(you)乾隆帝御詩碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)一通(tong)(tong)。重修光(guang)岳(yue)樓記事(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)6通(tong)(tong)中(zhong),各(ge)有(you)清(qing)代開國狀元(yuan)傅以(yi)漸書丹、海源閣創建人物楊以(yi)增撰文石碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)1通(tong)(tong)。15方壁碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)分別(bie)嵌于(yu)一樓四周內外(wai)墻(qiang)壁上,除有(you)3方重修光(guang)岳(yue)樓記事(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)外(wai),其余均為(wei)詠頌(song)光(guang)岳(yue)樓的(de)詩賦(fu)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)。
維修保護
光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)系(xi)木質結構,據(ju)歷(li)代碑(bei)刻和《聊城(cheng)縣志(zhi)》、《東(dong)昌(chang)縣志(zhi)》記載,明、清、民(min)國時期,光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)過11次(ci)(ci)維修。中(zhong)華人民(min)共和國成立(li)后(hou),政府對(dui)光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)先后(hou)多次(ci)(ci)對(dui)該(gai)樓(lou)(lou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)維修。其(qi)中(zhong),有2次(ci)(ci)規模較大,1984年(nian)(nian)5月至(zhi)1985年(nian)(nian)12月,對(dui)光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)全(quan)(quan)(quan)面維修,耗資45萬元。維修的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要部位,一是揭(jie)蓋(gai)翻修了(le)(le)(le)(le)全(quan)(quan)(quan)部瓦頂,更(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)了(le)(le)(le)(le)全(quan)(quan)(quan)部連檐瓦口,更(geng)(geng)換(huan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)全(quan)(quan)(quan)部望板(ban)和部分檐椽(chuan),重新(xin)(xin)制作(zuo)(zuo)安裝了(le)(le)(le)(le)透花鐵葫蘆寶(bao)頂。二(er)是更(geng)(geng)換(huan)、貼補(bu)、矯正了(le)(le)(le)(le)第一、二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)廊(lang)柱(zhu)(zhu)和第四(si)層(ceng)(ceng)8根(gen)輔(fu)助(zhu)圓柱(zhu)(zhu),加固了(le)(le)(le)(le)第二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)東(dong)北、東(dong)南(nan)、西(xi)南(nan)角檐柱(zhu)(zhu),用化(hua)學高分子灌注了(le)(le)(le)(le)上端(duan)中(zhong)空的(de)(de)(de)四(si)層(ceng)(ceng)4根(gen)金柱(zhu)(zhu),更(geng)(geng)換(huan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)部分梁(liang)檁(lin)桁(heng)枋,修補(bu)更(geng)(geng)換(huan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)大部分斗拱,更(geng)(geng)新(xin)(xin)了(le)(le)(le)(le)第二(er)、三層(ceng)(ceng)部分地(di)板(ban),修理(li)了(le)(le)(le)(le)全(quan)(quan)(quan)部門窗。三是對(dui)全(quan)(quan)(quan)樓(lou)(lou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)油飾。四(si)是按原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)樣重新(xin)(xin)制作(zuo)(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)5塊匾額(e),重新(xin)(xin)樹(shu)立(li)和接補(bu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)5通石碑(bei)。此(ci)次(ci)(ci)維修是遵(zun)循“保持現狀,恢復(fu)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)狀”的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze),以盡(jin)量(liang)不動原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)件為前提(ti)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)。1992年(nian)(nian)3月至(zhi)1993年(nian)(nian)10月,對(dui)光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)基(ji)座(zuo)(zuo)又(you)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)加固復(fu)貌。首先鏟除了(le)(le)(le)(le)基(ji)座(zuo)(zuo)外表(biao)的(de)(de)(de)水泥皮,然后(hou)對(dui)墻(qiang)體損壞(huai)部分進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)挖(wa)補(bu),最后(hou)用45×23×10厘米的(de)(de)(de)大青磚(zhuan)對(dui)外墻(qiang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)包(bao)砌(qi),用50×50×12厘米的(de)(de)(de)方磚(zhuan)對(dui)平臺(tai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)鋪漫。工畢,光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)基(ji)座(zuo)(zuo)又(you)重新(xin)(xin)恢復(fu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)初建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)貌。
歷史文化
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)是聊(liao)城文(wen)明(ming)古老(lao)的象征(zheng),明(ming)清兩代,京杭大(da)運(yun)河為(wei)(wei)南(nan)北(bei)交通大(da)動脈,沿河過(guo)往的帝(di)王將(jiang)相,文(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)學士多(duo)(duo)都登臨(lin)此(ci)樓(lou)(lou)(lou),憑欄(lan)詠月,作詩賦詞。《東昌府(fu)志》、《聊(liao)城縣(xian)志》及現存碑刻中(zhong)就(jiu)記(ji)載了(le)120篇詠贊光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)的詩文(wen)。清康(kang)熙四(si)次登樓(lou)(lou)(lou),并(bing)題寫“神(shen)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)鍾瑛”匾,乾隆皇帝(di)九過(guo)東昌,六登光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou),并(bing)題匾賦詩,將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)列(lie)為(wei)(wei)南(nan)巡三十(shi)六行宮之一。中(zhong)華人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和國(guo)成立后,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)受(shou)到(dao)國(guo)家高度重(zhong)視。羅哲文(wen)、陳從周(zhou)、鄭孝燮、祁英(ying)濤等古建(jian)專家多(duo)(duo)次來聊(liao)考察(cha),給予很高評價(jia),舒同、啟功(gong)、溥杰、郭(guo)沫若等許多(duo)(duo)名(ming)家先后為(wei)(wei)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)題寫了(le)匾額和楹聯。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)至今流傳著關于魯班幫忙建(jian)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)的傳說。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)是中(zhong)國(guo)古代建(jian)筑寶庫中(zhong)的瑰寶。1956年被(bei)山東省(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)政府(fu)列(lie)為(wei)(wei)第一批省(sheng)級重(zhong)點文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)護(hu)單(dan)位(wei),1988年6月又被(bei)國(guo)務院(yuan)列(lie)為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)物保(bao)(bao)護(hu)單(dan)位(wei)。