建造背景
明(ming)王朝建立初期(qi),北方的局(ju)勢(shi)很(hen)不(bu)穩定(ding)。為了防御蒙古族統治集團復辟,平山衛指揮僉事陳鏞,從明(ming)洪武(wu)二(er)年(nian)到五年(nian),將(jiang)筑土城改筑為磚城。為“嚴更(geng)漏而(er)窺敵望(wang)遠”,報(bao)時報(bao)警,又用修城余木,建造了一(yi)座高達百尺的更(geng)鼓(gu)(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou),故(gu)初名(ming)(ming)“余木樓(lou)(lou)(lou)”。又因(yin)此樓(lou)(lou)(lou)有(you)鼓(gu)(gu)聲(sheng)報(bao)時,人們也稱(cheng)之為“鼓(gu)(gu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)”。明(ming)成化二(er)十二(er)年(nian)(1486),知府楊能在維修該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)時,因(yin)地而(er)名(ming)(ming),稱(cheng)之為“東昌(chang)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)”。明(ming)弘治九年(nian)(1496),吏(li)部考工(gong)員外郎(lang)李贊過東昌(chang),訪太守金天錫,共登(deng)此樓(lou)(lou)(lou),對該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)贊嘆不(bu)已,“因(yin)嘆斯樓(lou)(lou)(lou),天下所無。雖黃鶴(he)、岳(yue)陽亦(yi)當望(wang)拜。乃今百年(nian)矣(yi),尚寞落無名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng),不(bu)亦(yi)屈(qu)乎?因(yin)與天錫評命(ming)之曰(yue)‘光岳(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)’,取其近魯有(you)光于岱岳(yue)也。”此后,歷代重修碑記中,一(yi)直沿用“光岳(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)”。
建筑風貌
光(guang)岳樓(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)重檐十(shi)字脊過街式樓(lou)(lou)(lou)閣,通(tong)(tong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)33米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),由墩(dun)(dun)臺和4層主樓(lou)(lou)(lou)組成(cheng)。墩(dun)(dun)臺為(wei)(wei)(wei)磚石(shi)砌成(cheng)的正4棱(leng)臺,高(gao)(gao)(gao)9.38米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。底(di)邊邊長(chang)34.43米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),上(shang)緣(yuan)邊長(chang)31.93米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),總占(zhan)地1185.42平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),向上(shang)漸有(you)(you)收分。臺體的東、西(xi)(xi)、南、北四(si)(si)面(mian)中部,各設(she)有(you)(you)一(yi)半券(quan)形拱(gong)(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)(men),券(quan)至(zhi)臺中心處成(cheng)十(shi)字交叉拱(gong)(gong)(gong)。四(si)(si)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)(men)相同,均(jun)面(mian)寬5.76米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),拱(gong)(gong)(gong)腳直高(gao)(gao)(gao)2.90米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),矢高(gao)(gao)(gao)2.88米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),券(quan)上(shang)方(fang)砌門(men)(men)(men)額,南曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“文明”,北曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“武(wu)定”,東曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“太平(ping)”,西(xi)(xi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“興禮”。臺頂邊砌疊澀出(chu)檐磚三皮,上(shang)筑(zhu)女(nv)墻,墻高(gao)(gao)(gao)1.12米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),厚0.45米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),樓(lou)(lou)(lou)以南向為(wei)(wei)(wei)尊。南向拱(gong)(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)(men)兩側(ce)各開一(yi)小拱(gong)(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)(men),形制與中間(jian)(jian)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)(men)相似,東側(ce)小門(men)(men)(men)門(men)(men)(men)額用(yong)青石(shi)刻成(cheng),上(shang)書(shu)“鳳城仙闕”,西(xi)(xi)側(ce)刻有(you)(you) “閬苑(yuan)瀛洲”,分別由安躍撥(bo)(bo)和朱續罩(zhao)題(ti)寫(xie)。據史料(liao)記載(zai),安躍撥(bo)(bo)、朱續罩(zhao)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)清代(dai)人士,由此(ci)可知,此(ci)二匾(bian)額均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)后來維修光(guang)岳樓(lou)(lou)(lou)時所(suo)加刻。西(xi)(xi)門(men)(men)(men)為(wei)(wei)(wei)假門(men)(men)(men),只存形式,以求和東門(men)(men)(men)相稱。東門(men)(men)(men)則(ze)是(shi)登樓(lou)(lou)(lou)的唯(wei)一(yi)通(tong)(tong)道,門(men)(men)(men)寬3.14米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),拱(gong)(gong)(gong)角(jiao)直高(gao)(gao)(gao)1.75米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),矢高(gao)(gao)(gao)1.57米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。拱(gong)(gong)(gong)門(men)(men)(men)內(nei)又另砌小券(quan),門(men)(men)(men)洞寬1.86米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。門(men)(men)(men)內(nei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)方(fang)室,東設(she)踏跺,升(sheng)4級至(zhi)梯(ti)(ti)臺。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)臺南壁設(she)有(you)(you)一(yi)小窗,供(gong)通(tong)(tong)風采光(guang)之用(yong),北轉升(sheng)37級至(zhi)平(ping)臺,再升(sheng)15級達臺面(mian),共計56級。梯(ti)(ti)井口(kou)上(shang)筑(zhu)一(yi)敞(chang)(chang)軒(xuan),以防雨水(shui)侵入。其(qi)(qi)建筑(zhu)年代(dai),似為(wei)(wei)(wei)清乾(qian)隆年間(jian)(jian)。其(qi)(qi)位置恰在(zai)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)東之中軸(zhou)線上(shang),由于東門(men)(men)(men)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主要大道,增其(qi)(qi)建筑(zhu)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)標志。敞(chang)(chang)軒(xuan)面(mian)闊5間(jian)(jian),進深(shen)3間(jian)(jian)。明間(jian)(jian)、次間(jian)(jian)面(mian)闊皆2.30米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),梢間(jian)(jian)僅0.67米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。梯(ti)(ti)井口(kou)占(zhan)明、次3間(jian)(jian)。梢間(jian)(jian)形成(cheng)一(yi)周敞(chang)(chang)廊,柱間(jian)(jian)設(she)檻墻,安吳王靠,可供(gong)登樓(lou)(lou)(lou)時休(xiu)息之用(yong)。敞(chang)(chang)軒(xuan)不施斗拱(gong)(gong)(gong),單檐歇山卷棚頂,輕巧(qiao)明快。在(zai)敞(chang)(chang)軒(xuan)梯(ti)(ti)口(kou)處掛有(you)(you)當(dang)代(dai)書(shu)法名家啟功所(suo)題(ti)寫(xie)的“共登青云梯(ti)(ti)”木(mu)刻匾(bian)額,字體清秀,筆(bi)力遒勁。臺面(mian)墁砌,繞以女(nv)墻,東西(xi)(xi)兩側(ce)設(she)有(you)(you)排(pai)水(shui)道。
四層主樓(lou)筑于(yu)高(gao)臺之(zhi)上,全(quan)為(wei)木結構,方形(xing)帶廊(lang),高(gao)24米(mi)(mi)(mi),共有金(jin)(jin)柱(zhu)192根(gen),斗拱(gong)200朵。第(di)一(yi)(yi)層樓(lou),地面(mian)比(bi)臺面(mian)略高(gao),呈正方形(xing),四周(zhou)砌以條石(shi),面(mian)闊(kuo)進深皆(jie)7間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),明(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)面(mian)闊(kuo)特大(da),為(wei)4.05米(mi)(mi)(mi),次(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、梢間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)較明(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)小,自2.79米(mi)(mi)(mi)到2.90米(mi)(mi)(mi)不等(deng)。盡間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)面(mian)闊(kuo)最小,自1.75米(mi)(mi)(mi)到1.89米(mi)(mi)(mi)不等(deng),系樓(lou)身之(zhi)回廊(lang)。樓(lou)本身平面(mian)面(mian)闊(kuo)進深皆(jie)5間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),用內(nei)外雙(shuang)槽柱(zhu),外加圍廊(lang),結構清爽明(ming)了。樓(lou)身檐(yan)柱(zhu)一(yi)(yi)周(zhou)共20根(gen),直徑0.60米(mi)(mi)(mi),全(quan)部包于(yu)厚達1.34米(mi)(mi)(mi)的磚墻(qiang)(qiang)內(nei)。墻(qiang)(qiang)表(biao)面(mian)飾(shi)紅堊,內(nei)側無粉飾(shi),露清水磚墻(qiang)(qiang)。每面(mian)明(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)板門兩扇,無門飾(shi)。冠門簪4個,中為(wei)菱形(xing),兩側為(wei)圓形(xing)。樓(lou)面(mian)兩次(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)開(kai)窗。內(nei)槽金(jin)(jin)柱(zhu)共計12根(gen),直徑亦0.60米(mi)(mi)(mi),髹(xiu)黑漆(qi)。一(yi)(yi)樓(lou)門內(nei)北面(mian),在(zai)明(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)檐(yan)柱(zhu)與金(jin)(jin)柱(zhu)穿插枋上設(she)魯班神龕。 龕內(nei)設(she)塑(su)魯班神像,左右設(she)小梯可供升降(jiang)。龕上方懸掛(gua)一(yi)(yi)“巧奪天工”木質匾(bian)額。白底黑字,為(wei)溥杰(jie)所題(ti),龕左右金(jin)(jin)柱(zhu)上,木刻有原聊(liao)城縣長孫桐峰撰(zhuan)文(wen),蔣維崧重書的楹聯一(yi)(yi)副(fu):“泰(tai)山東(dong)峙,黃河西(xi)臨,岳(yue)色濤色,憑欄把酒無限好(hao),叢(cong)臺射書,微(wei)分明(ming)志,人杰(jie)地靈,登樓(lou)懷古有余(yu)馨。”在(zai)一(yi)(yi)樓(lou)的東(dong)南門額上,各懸有木刻橫匾(bian)一(yi)(yi)方,東(dong)為(wei)“泰(tai)岱(dai)東(dong)來做翠屏(ping)”,南為(wei)“宇宙文(wen)衡”。
第二(er)層(ceng)面闊進深仍為(wei)(wei)7間(jian)(jian),而盡(jin)(jin)間(jian)(jian)尺寸更(geng)小(xiao),自1.16米至1.26米不等(deng),實際上(shang)盡(jin)(jin)間(jian)(jian)系回廊,亦即平座部分。該層(ceng)于4面明間(jian)(jian)辟(pi)門(men)(men),為(wei)(wei)直3道(dao)格門(men)(men),兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側(ce)為(wei)(wei)方(fang)眼格窗,東西兩(liang)(liang)(liang)次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)梯井(jing)通(tong)上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)層(ceng)。金柱一(yi)(yi)周(zhou)內(nei)以板壁(bi)圍成一(yi)(yi)長方(fang)形室(shi),其中又分為(wei)(wei)大、小(xiao)間(jian)(jian)。南(nan)(nan)向(xiang)中間(jian)(jian)辟(pi)門(men)(men),左(zuo)右開(kai)圓窗。仰視之上(shang)為(wei)(wei)空(kong)井(jing),可見4層(ceng)梁架(jia)。此(ci)室(shi)過(guo)去為(wei)(wei)供“文昌(chang)(chang)帝(di)君”之用,故名文昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)。據說,乾(qian)隆(long)皇帝(di)7次(ci)(ci)(ci)下(xia)(xia)(xia)江南(nan)(nan),6次(ci)(ci)(ci)東巡,9次(ci)(ci)(ci)過(guo)東昌(chang)(chang)府,5次(ci)(ci)(ci)登(deng)光岳(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。并多次(ci)(ci)(ci)住在(zai)文昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)內(nei),曾先后(hou)為(wei)(wei)光岳(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)賦(fu)詩(shi)13首。因(yin)此(ci)文昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)也名“乾(qian)隆(long)行宮”。文昌(chang)(chang)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)門(men)(men)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側(ce),有(you)著名史學(xue)家(jia)(jia)、書法(fa)家(jia)(jia)豐子愷(kai)題(ti)寫(xie)的(de)(de)藏頭(tou)楹聯一(yi)(yi)副:“光前垂后(hou)勞動人民智慧(hui)無極;岳(yue)峻樓(lou)(lou)(lou)高(gao)偉大祖(zu)國文物(wu)永昌(chang)(chang)。”二(er)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)四(si)面檐下(xia)(xia)(xia)各懸掛四(si)方(fang)木質長3米,高(gao)1.4米的(de)(de)匾(bian)額。南(nan)(nan)面檐下(xia)(xia)(xia)懸有(you):“神光鐘暎”匾(bian),為(wei)(wei)清(qing)康熙皇帝(di)所(suo)題(ti),邊緣裝(zhuang)飾有(you)龍(long)紋、玉璽,藍底(di)金字。北檐下(xia)(xia)(xia)懸有(you)著名歷史學(xue)家(jia)(jia)、考古學(xue)家(jia)(jia)郭沫(mo)若為(wei)(wei)紀念光岳(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)落成600周(zhou)年(nian)而于1974年(nian)題(ti)寫(xie)的(de)(de)“光岳(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)”匾(bian),白底(di)黑(hei)字,氣勢磅礴。東面檐下(xia)(xia)(xia)懸“太平樓(lou)(lou)(lou)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)”匾(bian),為(wei)(wei)清(qing)康熙六十年(nian)(1721)“字壓天下(xia)(xia)(xia)”的(de)(de)聊城籍狀元鄧鐘岳(yue)所(suo)題(ti)。在(zai)西檐下(xia)(xia)(xia),懸有(you)“就日瞻云”匾(bian),白底(di)黑(hei)字,為(wei)(wei)清(qing)代史學(xue)家(jia)(jia)解(jie)崗題(ti)。由二(er)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)側(ce)梯道(dao)升16級臺(tai)階到達第三層(ceng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)面。
第三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)系暗層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),實際(ji)是(shi)樓的結構(gou)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。利用橫(heng)木穿(chuan)插,梁(liang)枋扣合,將自下直貫(guan)而上(shang)的12根金柱(zhu)(zhu)和20根檐柱(zhu)(zhu)從上(shang)端構(gou)成一(yi)個整體,使之更加牢固(gu)和穩定,故三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)也是(shi)樓的主要框架。該層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)面(mian)闊(kuo)進深皆5間(jian)(jian)。金柱(zhu)(zhu)與(yu)檐柱(zhu)(zhu)之間(jian)(jian)上(shang)端是(shi)梁(liang)架,與(yu)第二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)貫(guan)通,所以暗層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)實僅3間(jian)(jian)。“當心間(jian)(jian)”即樓之正中為空井,四周置(zhi)欄桿。柱(zhu)(zhu)頂設有(you)顯著卷(juan)剎(cha)。此(ci)例(li)與(yu)宋(song)《營造法式》相(xiang)符(fu)。外檐拱科相(xiang)連、梁(liang)柱(zhu)(zhu)相(xiang)交(jiao),枋木相(xiang)穿(chuan),結構(gou)緊湊(cou)而疏密得體,使建筑(zhu)學、美學、力(li)學、工藝學等在這座樓上(shang)得以充分體現。第三(san)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)東次間(jian)(jian)由(you)北(bei)向南上(shang)13級臺(tai)階抵第四層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。
第四層為(wei)樓的(de)最高(gao)層,共有柱(zhu)28根,面闊(kuo)進深皆3間(jian),平面正(zheng)方形,較其下諸層驟然縮小。明(ming)間(jian)面闊(kuo)5.66米,大于(yu)其它(ta)各層明(ming)間(jian),目(mu)的(de)是為(wei)十字脊(ji)加長,提高(gao)光(guang)岳(yue)樓的(de)重心,使之在外(wai)觀上更加雄偉。明(ming)間(jian)設窗6扇(shan),次間(jian)裝冰紋圓窗。中間(jian)為(wei)空井,四周設欄桿(gan)。屋頂為(wei)十字頂,頂下正(zheng)中懸(xuan)垂蓮柱(zhu),以八道斜脊(ji)分別(bie)置(zhi)于(yu)三架(jia)梁及抹角梁之上。樓脊(ji)為(wei)歇山十字脊(ji),脊(ji)頂正(zheng)中裝有一座高(gao)3米,直徑1.5米的(de)透(tou)花(hua)鐵葫蘆。
建筑特點
光(guang)岳樓雖幾(ji)經(jing)重修,其建(jian)筑(zhu)構件(jian),大(da)部分仍是初建(jian)時(shi)的(de)原物(wu),基本保(bao)持了原來的(de)面貌,是明(ming)初建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)重要遺物(wu),許多地方保(bao)留了宋元(yuan)風格。
以(yi)形(xing)式而論(lun),磚臺、重檐(yan)、十字脊(ji)內部置空(kong)井等(deng),仍(reng)(reng)襲宋(song)元(yuan)樓閣遺(yi)制(zhi);細部以(yi)柱(zhu)礎(chu)言,從(cong)明洪武(wu)初(chu)所建(jian)南京(jing)宮殿(dian)已開始用(yong)古鏡式,此樓仍(reng)(reng)用(yong)宋(song)元(yuan)以(yi)來的(de)覆(fu)盆(pen)式;就結(jie)構(gou)來講,柱(zhu)之側角升起,樓置暗層,內外等(deng)高雙槽柱(zhu)列,斗拱(gong)疏朗配置,以(yi)及柱(zhu)頭科斗口未加(jia)寬等(deng),也都上承唐宋(song)以(yi)來的(de)傳統做法(fa),同時也與其它明初(chu)建(jian)筑有若干相(xiang)似之處(chu),開“官式”建(jian)筑之始。
該樓(lou)采用的(de)(de)(de)(de)是主(zhu)體(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)與附加(jia)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)相結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa),內(nei)(nei)以(yi)32根通天(tian)直(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)外槽柱構(gou)(gou)成樓(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti),外以(yi)一樓(lou)圍廊和二樓(lou)平(ping)座構(gou)(gou)成樓(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保護層(ceng)。外層(ceng)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)雖(sui)易(yi)損(sun)壞,也(ye)易(yi)維(wei)修(xiu)更換(huan)。圍廊和平(ping)座雖(sui)已重修(xiu)多次(ci),而主(zhu)體(ti)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)卻(que)一直(zhi)未(wei)動過。第二層(ceng)以(yi)上中央是空井(jing),前后內(nei)(nei)柱無(wu)法(fa)(fa)用梁(liang)穿越,因而采用了碩大抹角梁(liang),井(jing)字梁(liang),層(ceng)層(ceng)環繞疊(die)架,前后左右搭連構(gou)(gou)結(jie)。通過木(mu)疊(die)木(mu)、木(mu)扣木(mu)、木(mu)跨木(mu)、木(mu)連木(mu),形(xing)(xing)成一個牢固穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)。而且樓(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)體(ti)統一而有變化,有著許多微妙獨到之處(chu)。四層(ceng)檐(yan)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)理各不相同。一層(ceng)宏敞,二層(ceng)低下,三層(ceng)深(shen)遠,四層(ceng)舒(shu)展,整個形(xing)(xing)體(ti)避免了機械式(shi)斜切直(zhi)線,使人感到高大而秀麗。
附屬文物
光岳(yue)樓有(you)石碑(bei)7通(tong),橫條壁(bi)(bi)碑(bei)15方(fang)(fang)。7通(tong)石碑(bei)分別(bie)立于一(yi)(yi)樓廊下四(si)周(zhou),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)南面3通(tong),東(dong)面2通(tong),北面2通(tong)。7通(tong)石碑(bei)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)乾隆帝御詩碑(bei)一(yi)(yi)通(tong)。重(zhong)修光岳(yue)樓記(ji)事碑(bei)6通(tong)中(zhong)(zhong),各有(you)清代開國狀元傅以漸書丹、海源(yuan)閣(ge)創(chuang)建人物楊以增撰文石碑(bei)1通(tong)。15方(fang)(fang)壁(bi)(bi)碑(bei)分別(bie)嵌于一(yi)(yi)樓四(si)周(zhou)內外(wai)墻壁(bi)(bi)上,除(chu)有(you)3方(fang)(fang)重(zhong)修光岳(yue)樓記(ji)事碑(bei)外(wai),其(qi)余(yu)均為詠頌光岳(yue)樓的詩賦(fu)碑(bei)。
維修保護
光(guang)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)全系(xi)木質(zhi)結構,據歷代碑(bei)刻(ke)和(he)(he)《聊城縣(xian)(xian)志》、《東(dong)昌縣(xian)(xian)志》記載(zai),明、清、民國時期,光(guang)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)過11次(ci)維修(xiu)。中(zhong)華人(ren)民共和(he)(he)國成立后(hou),政府(fu)對(dui)光(guang)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)先后(hou)多次(ci)對(dui)該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)維修(xiu)。其中(zhong),有2次(ci)規模較(jiao)大,1984年(nian)5月(yue)至(zhi)1985年(nian)12月(yue),對(dui)光(guang)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)主(zhu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)全面維修(xiu),耗資45萬元。維修(xiu)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要部(bu)位,一是揭蓋翻修(xiu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)全部(bu)瓦頂(ding),更(geng)新(xin)了(le)(le)(le)(le)全部(bu)連檐瓦口,更(geng)換(huan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)全部(bu)望板和(he)(he)部(bu)分(fen)檐椽,重(zhong)新(xin)制作安(an)裝了(le)(le)(le)(le)透(tou)花鐵葫蘆寶頂(ding)。二(er)是更(geng)換(huan)、貼補、矯正了(le)(le)(le)(le)第一、二(er)層廊柱和(he)(he)第四(si)層8根輔助圓(yuan)柱,加固了(le)(le)(le)(le)第二(er)層東(dong)北、東(dong)南、西(xi)南角檐柱,用(yong)化學高分(fen)子灌注了(le)(le)(le)(le)上端中(zhong)空的(de)(de)四(si)層4根金柱,更(geng)換(huan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)部(bu)分(fen)梁檁桁枋,修(xiu)補更(geng)換(huan)了(le)(le)(le)(le)大部(bu)分(fen)斗(dou)拱,更(geng)新(xin)了(le)(le)(le)(le)第二(er)、三層部(bu)分(fen)地板,修(xiu)理了(le)(le)(le)(le)全部(bu)門窗。三是對(dui)全樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)油飾。四(si)是按(an)原(yuan)樣重(zhong)新(xin)制作了(le)(le)(le)(le)5塊(kuai)匾(bian)額,重(zhong)新(xin)樹立和(he)(he)接補了(le)(le)(le)(le)5通石(shi)碑(bei)。此次(ci)維修(xiu)是遵(zun)循(xun)“保持現狀,恢(hui)復原(yuan)狀”的(de)(de)原(yuan)則,以盡量不動(dong)原(yuan)件為(wei)前提(ti)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)。1992年(nian)3月(yue)至(zhi)1993年(nian)10月(yue),對(dui)光(guang)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)基(ji)座又進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)加固復貌(mao)。首先鏟(chan)除了(le)(le)(le)(le)基(ji)座外(wai)表的(de)(de)水(shui)泥(ni)皮,然后(hou)對(dui)墻體損壞(huai)部(bu)分(fen)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)挖(wa)補,最(zui)后(hou)用(yong)45×23×10厘米的(de)(de)大青磚(zhuan)對(dui)外(wai)墻進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)包砌,用(yong)50×50×12厘米的(de)(de)方磚(zhuan)對(dui)平臺進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)(le)鋪漫。工畢,光(guang)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)基(ji)座又重(zhong)新(xin)恢(hui)復了(le)(le)(le)(le)初建的(de)(de)原(yuan)貌(mao)。
歷史文化
光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)是聊(liao)城文明古老的(de)(de)象(xiang)征,明清兩代,京(jing)杭大運(yun)河為(wei)(wei)南北交通(tong)大動(dong)脈(mo),沿(yan)河過(guo)往(wang)的(de)(de)帝(di)王將相(xiang),文人學士(shi)多(duo)都登(deng)臨(lin)此(ci)樓(lou)(lou),憑欄詠月,作詩(shi)賦詞。《東昌府志》、《聊(liao)城縣志》及現(xian)存(cun)碑刻中(zhong)就記(ji)載了120篇詠贊(zan)光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)詩(shi)文。清康熙四次(ci)登(deng)樓(lou)(lou),并(bing)題(ti)寫(xie)(xie)“神光鍾瑛”匾(bian),乾(qian)隆皇帝(di)九過(guo)東昌,六(liu)登(deng)光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou),并(bing)題(ti)匾(bian)賦詩(shi),將光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)列(lie)為(wei)(wei)南巡三十(shi)六(liu)行宮(gong)之一。中(zhong)華人民共和(he)(he)國(guo)成立后(hou),光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)受到國(guo)家高度(du)重(zhong)視。羅哲文、陳從周(zhou)、鄭孝燮、祁(qi)英濤等古建(jian)專(zhuan)家多(duo)次(ci)來(lai)聊(liao)考察,給予很(hen)高評價,舒同、啟功、溥杰、郭沫若等許多(duo)名家先后(hou)為(wei)(wei)光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)題(ti)寫(xie)(xie)了匾(bian)額和(he)(he)楹聯。光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)至今流傳著關于魯班幫忙建(jian)樓(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)傳說。光岳(yue)(yue)樓(lou)(lou)是中(zhong)國(guo)古代建(jian)筑(zhu)寶庫中(zhong)的(de)(de)瑰寶。1956年(nian)被山(shan)東省(sheng)人民政府列(lie)為(wei)(wei)第一批省(sheng)級重(zhong)點文物保護單(dan)位,1988年(nian)6月又(you)被國(guo)務院列(lie)為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)重(zhong)點文物保護單(dan)位。