簡介
在山(shan)(shan)東泰安(an)市郊(jiao)區滿莊鎮東林和西林兩(liang)村之(zhi)(zhi)間,金牛山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)陽(yang)的(de)(de)(de)土崗上(shang)(shang),有(you)(you)(you)一組(zu)氣勢(shi)(shi)(shi)恢(hui)弘,建造(zao)精(jing)美,保(bao)存完整的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕群(qun)(qun),占地28畝,這(zhe)(zhe)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)明朝(chao)重(zhong)(zhong)臣蕭(xiao)大(da)亨墓(mu)地。墓(mu)前(qian)有(you)(you)(you)童男(nan)童女4人,除牌坊(fang)(fang)(fang)前(qian)后對(dui)(dui)稱外,其余石(shi)(shi)(shi)人、石(shi)(shi)(shi)獸(shou)(shou)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)畜、華(hua)表(biao)均(jun)左右對(dui)(dui)稱,排(pai)(pai)列在長(chang)(chang)60米(mi)、寬(kuan)8米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)神道(dao)兩(liang)側。前(qian)后石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)柱(zhu)三門(men)式,均(jun)高(gao)10米(mi)、寬(kuan)4米(mi),門(men)柱(zhu)上(shang)(shang)均(jun)雕刻(ke)著(zhu)牡丹、祥云(yun)等(deng)(deng)吉祥花紋和麒麟、獅(shi)子、鳳鳥(niao)等(deng)(deng)瑞(rui)鳥(niao)瑞(rui)獸(shou)(shou)。讓人稱異的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所有(you)(you)(you)花鳥(niao)禽(qin)獸(shou)(shou),都各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)所異,無一重(zhong)(zhong)筆,前(qian)后石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang)正門(men)橫梁上(shang)(shang)各(ge)雕刻(ke)著(zhu)進(jin)出宮圖,下梁上(shang)(shang)雕著(zhu)二龍(long)戲珠,搖頭擺尾(wei),騰躍如飛,坊(fang)(fang)(fang)座上(shang)(shang)四(si)柱(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)后雕塑著(zhu)8組(zu)形(xing)(xing)色各(ge)異、形(xing)(xing)態逼真、活靈(ling)活現的(de)(de)(de)獅(shi)群(qun)(qun)。六棱華(hua)表(biao)高(gao)達11米(mi),方(fang)(fang)形(xing)(xing)基座,四(si)面(mian)(mian)均(jun)刻(ke)有(you)(you)(you)靈(ling)芝、獸(shou)(shou)頭等(deng)(deng),表(biao)體周身(shen)浮(fu)雕,飄(piao)逸精(jing)美卷云(yun)紋,扶搖直(zhi)上(shang)(shang),頂(ding)部一朝(chao)天吼獸(shou)(shou),面(mian)(mian)向南屈(qu)蹲在蓮花寶座上(shang)(shang),其勢(shi)(shi)(shi)撥地通天,氣勢(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)凡(fan)。石(shi)(shi)(shi)羊(yang)坐臥在石(shi)(shi)(shi)座上(shang)(shang),安(an)詳(xiang)自如,栩栩如生。馬(ma)高(gao)2米(mi),身(shen)長(chang)(chang)2.5米(mi),周身(shen)雕刻(ke)細(xi)膩,騎具俱(ju)全,裝飾華(hua)麗(li),形(xing)(xing)似奔馳疆(jiang)場的(de)(de)(de)駿馬(ma),兩(liang)虎昂(ang)首挺胸,威(wei)風凜凜,雄姿矯健。文(wen)(wen)官雙手握笏恭(gong)立,衣紋線條細(xi)膩流暢,神態安(an)詳(xiang),端莊秀氣,文(wen)(wen)質彬(bin)彬(bin)。武官則(ze)頭戴盔甲,身(shen)穿武服(fu),膀寬(kuan)腰圓,挺胸直(zhi)立,手持鋼鞭,雙目圓睜,炯炯有(you)(you)(you)神,真有(you)(you)(you)一命待發之(zhi)(zhi)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)。有(you)(you)(you)趣的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),當地群(qun)(qun)眾說:“獅(shi)、虎、羊(yang)、馬(ma)”四(si)禽(qin)獸(shou)(shou)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)寓(yu)意(yi),它(ta)代表(biao)忠孝節(jie)義四(si)種含意(yi)。更有(you)(you)(you)趣的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),這(zhe)(zhe)各(ge)組(zu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕也(ye)分(fen)上(shang)(shang)下年長(chang)(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)別(bie),凡(fan)東側的(de)(de)(de)都年長(chang)(chang)于西側的(de)(de)(de)。蕭(xiao)大(da)亨墓(mu)地面(mian)(mian)積約2000平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi),1967年平(ping)毀(hui)。蕭(xiao)大(da)亨墓(mu)碑已毀(hui),蕭(xiao)妻劉氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)碑尚存。神道(dao)前(qian)后均(jun)設四(si)柱(zhu)三間 歇山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)石(shi)(shi)(shi)坊(fang)(fang)(fang),兩(liang)側雕立華(hua)表(biao)、武士、石(shi)(shi)(shi)虎、石(shi)(shi)(shi)羊(yang)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)馬(ma)、文(wen)(wen)侍各(ge)一對(dui)(dui),雕刻(ke)精(jing)細(xi), 物象生動(dong)。 縱觀這(zhe)(zhe)組(zu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕群(qun)(qun),布局合理(li),排(pai)(pai)列有(you)(you)(you)序、結構嚴謹、氣勢(shi)(shi)(shi)宏偉、雕刻(ke)精(jing)細(xi)、和諧(xie)統一,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我國(guo)石(shi)(shi)(shi)刻(ke)建筑中不(bu)可多得的(de)(de)(de)藝術珍品。2013年五(wu)月(yue)公布為全國(guo)第七(qi)批重(zhong)(zhong)點文(wen)(wen)物保(bao)護單(dan)位。
地理位置
蕭大亨墓(mu)(mu)(mu)位(wei)于(yu)泰安市岱(dai)岳區滿莊(zhuang)鎮金牛山(shan)(shan)之陽(yang)的(de)土坡上(shang),坐(zuo)北(bei)朝(chao)南(nan),依(yi)山(shan)(shan)傍水(shui),其地形活像(xiang)一(yi)(yi)把太師椅,北(bei)有(you)(you)(you)金牛山(shan)(shan)呈椅子(zi)背,東(dong)西兩(liang)側有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)座(zuo)小山(shan)(shan)頭(tou)活似(si)兩(liang)椅子(zi)扶手,整個墓(mu)(mu)(mu)碑石(shi)(shi)雕群布局(ju)合理,南(nan)北(bei)長809米(mi),墓(mu)(mu)(mu)堆占地2畝,呈半(ban)圓形。蕭大亨墓(mu)(mu)(mu)有(you)(you)(you)前后石(shi)(shi)碑兩(liang)座(zuo),高(gao)10米(mi),寬9米(mi),4柱(zhu)3門,一(yi)(yi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)華(hua)(hua)表高(gao)11米(mi),6棱柱(zhu)體(ti),巍然(ran)聳立(li),直指(zhi)云天(tian),華(hua)(hua)表周身浮雕卷云紋,飄逸(yi)俊美(mei),巧(qiao)奪天(tian)工,靠頂祥云朵透穿棱柱(zhu),懸于(yu)半(ban)空,恰(qia)似(si)行云駐(zhu)足(zu)觀望(wang)石(shi)(shi)雕勝景,頂部蓮花座(zuo)上(shang)望(wang)天(tian)吼舉首(shou)南(nan)向(xiang),屈(qu)尊而(er)坐(zuo),如醒來的(de)睡獅,仰天(tian)長嘯,聲(sheng)震環(huan)宇。兩(liang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)石(shi)(shi)人對(dui)(dui)(dui)峙(zhi)而(er)立(li),武侍(shi)衛身高(gao)2.9米(mi),頂盔貫甲(jia),手握寶劍,一(yi)(yi)身浩然(ran)正氣(qi),大有(you)(you)(you)力拔山(shan)(shan)兮氣(qi)蓋世的(de)雄姿。文官身披元(yuan)領衣裳(shang),袖中(zhong)干垂至膝,中(zhong)正端莊(zhuang),神態祥和,雙手握芴,侍(shi)立(li)兩(liang)側,一(yi)(yi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)石(shi)(shi)馬高(gao)1.8米(mi),長2.6米(mi),長鬃(zong)披頸,兩(liang)耳直豎,安閑自得(de)。一(yi)(yi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)石(shi)(shi)養,臥于(yu)神,安逸(yi)恬靜。一(yi)(yi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)石(shi)(shi)虎,巍然(ran)犬坐(zuo),怒目而(er)視,有(you)(you)(you)虎鳴(ming)深澗,嘯蕩山(shan)(shan)河之勢,遠遠望(wang)去,若隱(yin)若現在蒸騰的(de)地氣(qi)之中(zhong),瓊樓天(tian)闕,冰(bing)肌玉骨,雄偉妖(yao)嬈,壯麗纖巧(qiao),晨曦(xi)晚靄,云霧繚(liao)繞(rao),恍(huang)若九霄云中(zhong)的(de)廣寒宮。石(shi)(shi)坊華(hua)(hua)表昂首(shou)天(tian)外,氣(qi)勢奪人,陰刻陽(yang)雕,粗獷(guang)而(er)不失細膩,俏麗而(er)無媚骨,堪稱明朝(chao)中(zhong)葉石(shi)(shi)雕藝術珍品,游者(zhe)駐(zhu)足(zu),贊嘆不已。
人文歷史
蕭(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)亨(heng),字夏卿,號岳峰。嘉(jia)靖(jing)十一年,生(sheng)于泰安州(zhou)放城里(今新泰市放城鄉),明(ming)(ming)(ming)萬歷(li)(li)(li)四十年卒于家。蕭(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)亨(heng)是(shi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)代(dai)著名的(de)(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)家、軍事家,歷(li)(li)(li)仕嘉(jia)靖(jing)、隆(long)慶(qing)、萬歷(li)(li)(li)三朝(chao),官(guan)至太(tai)子太(tai)傅(fu)兵(bing)刑(xing)兩部尚書(shu)(shu),倍(bei)受(shou)皇帝恩寵,他視民如父,也很受(shou)臣(chen)民喜愛。歷(li)(li)(li)史上(shang)的(de)(de)蕭(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)亨(heng)是(shi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)代(dai)著名的(de)(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)家、軍事家,歷(li)(li)(li)任嘉(jia)靖(jing)、隆(long)慶(qing)、萬歷(li)(li)(li)三朝(chao),官(guan)至太(tai)傅(fu)兵(bing)刑(xing)兩部尚書(shu)(shu)。數(shu)百年來,泰安世代(dai)流傳著明(ming)(ming)(ming)代(dai)重(zhong)(zhong)臣(chen)蕭(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)亨(heng)的(de)(de)傳說故(gu)事,“免皇糧,智建無梁(liang)殿”,“進(jin)御(yu)貢,泥鰍換(huan)赤(chi)鱗(lin)”、“修華表,巧(qiao)計斗權臣(chen)”、“定(ding)木樁,計移風水寶地”、“苦(ku)讀書(shu)(shu),自強成大(da)(da)才”等等無不膾炙人(ren)口(kou)。蕭(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)亨(heng)歷(li)(li)(li)任三朝(chao),功(gong)過(guo)兼有(you),對維護邊疆(jiang)和平,立下重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)功(gong)勛。明(ming)(ming)(ming)廷在蕭(xiao)(xiao)氏墓坊上(shang)撰楹聯(lian)為“束發登(deng)朝(chao),勛業永垂于邊地;鞠(ju)躬(gong)盡節,忠勤益勵于宦(huan)成”,是(shi)對蕭(xiao)(xiao)公功(gong)績的(de)(de)高度評價。