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遺址景觀

九(jiu)成宮(gong)(gong)，“九(jiu)成”者“九(jiu)重”或“九(jiu)層”之意，言其(qi)高(gao)大(da)，在麟游(you)縣(xian)城內(nei)。原(yuan)是隋文帝時(shi)建的(de)(de)，名仁壽(shou)宮(gong)(gong)。唐太(tai)宗(zong)貞觀五年(nian)（公元631年(nian)）修復，更(geng)名九(jiu)成宮(gong)(gong)。唐高(gao)宗(zong)時(shi)一度(du)改名萬(wan)年(nian)宮(gong)(gong)，后又(you)恢復原(yuan)名。周垣(yuan)1800步，并置禁(jin)苑(yuan)武庫存及宮(gong)(gong)寺。規模(mo)宏(hong)偉，景色(se)壯(zhuang)麗，為隋唐離宮(gong)(gong)之冠(guan)。麟游(you)縣(xian)山(shan)環水(shui)繞，夏日(ri)清涼，是避暑的(de)(de)好地方。今縣(xian)城的(de)(de)山(shan)腳下，杜水(shui)潺(chan)潺(chan)東(dong)流，被一個由(you)北向南伸入河(he)中的(de)(de)小(xiao)山(shan)嘴攔(lan)住(zhu)，名石(shi)嘴灣。山(shan)背舊有凌虛閣，閣雖毀而基址依稀(xi)可辨。經(jing)東(dong)北溝(gou)、梳妝臺、水(shui)漫嶺、天臺寺到西北溝(gou)，即(ji)九(jiu)成宮(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)遺址。在東(dong)西兩溝(gou)之間有山(shan)叫(jiao)天臺山(shan)。天臺山(shan)上面的(de)(de)主峰(feng)叫(jiao)九(jiu)龍殿，也叫(jiao)水(shui)漫嶺。

嶺上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)九龍殿就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)九成(cheng)官的(de)(de)(de)(de)排(pai)云(yun)殿。周(zhou)圍平坦約九畝。在(zai)(zai)(zai)荊棘從中(zhong)，遺(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)柱礎(chu)、古塊(kuai)、殘磚、破瓦，兩旁并有(you)(you)(you)(you)土(tu)闕遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)各(ge)一(yi)(yi)。正南面(mian)(mian)(mian)臨(lin)懸(xuan)崖，深(shen)約百丈(zhang)。北(bei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)連接一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)北(bei)來(lai)南去的(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)脊，再(zai)北(bei)端有(you)(you)(you)(you)圓丘陵式的(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)峰。九龍殿下東(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)平地上(shang)(shang)(shang)，遺(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)夯(hang)筑長(chang)寬18米的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，當地群(qun)(qun)眾叫梳妝臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。西面(mian)(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)連續的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)山(shan)，山(shan)頭(tou)西南兩面(mian)(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)崢嶸的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)崖，上(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)福昌(chang)院(yuan)，亦(yi)名天(tian)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)寺(si)。天(tian)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)寺(si)西北(bei)山(shan)坡上(shang)(shang)(shang)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)貞觀六年立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“九成(cheng)宮醴泉銘(ming)”碑，魏征撰文(wen)，歐陽詢書。書法秀(xiu)勁，圓潤(run)，一(yi)(yi)絲不(bu)茍，為(wei)歐書中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)(shang)(shang)品。現(xian)建碑亭，附唐(tang)(tang)(tang)高(gao)宗(zong)撰“萬年宮銘(ming)并序”碑，供群(qun)(qun)眾參觀。從九成(cheng)宮遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)正南跨過(guo)杜水，便是(shi)(shi)鳳臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，相(xiang)傳(chuan)因隋文(wen)帝時落過(guo)鳳凰，故名。鳳臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)西南面(mian)(mian)(mian)還有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)處土(tu)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，傳(chuan)說是(shi)(shi)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)王(wang)點(dian)過(guo)兵將(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)點(dian)將(jiang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。再(zai)南下到(dao)栗川村(cun)(cun)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)冬日不(bu)結(jie)冰的(de)(de)(de)(de)“御泉”。“御泉”對面(mian)(mian)(mian)東(dong)南方有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)所叫宮坪(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)村(cun)(cun)莊，傳(chuan)說是(shi)(shi)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)宮官府所在(zai)(zai)(zai)地。1980年5月，在(zai)(zai)(zai)遺(yi)(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)內發現(xian)一(yi)(yi)座唐(tang)(tang)(tang)代(dai)石(shi)砌(qi)水井(jing)。井(jing)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)呈(cheng)方形(xing)，每邊長(chang)6.52米，井(jing)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)部用邊長(chang)0.25米的(de)(de)(de)(de)方塊(kuai)素面(mian)(mian)(mian)石(shi)板(ban)和長(chang)方形(xing)石(shi)條(tiao)砌(qi)成(cheng)。井(jing)口為(wei)圓形(xing)，直徑1.06米，周(zhou)圍雕有(you)(you)(you)(you)八瓣葵花(hua)形(xing)圖(tu)案。井(jing)口外邊有(you)(you)(you)(you)四個(ge)相(xiang)距為(wei)3米的(de)(de)(de)(de)柱礎(chu)石(shi)，直徑為(wei)0.28米，中(zhong)間有(you)(you)(you)(you)圓形(xing)小孔，孔直徑為(wei)0.14米，孔深(shen)0.3米。井(jing)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)砌(qi)石(shi)、柱礎(chu)石(shi)和井(jing)口的(de)(de)(de)(de)圖(tu)案都(dou)磨研(yan)、雕刻得(de)異(yi)常精致，為(wei)研(yan)究隋唐(tang)(tang)(tang)建筑史(shi)，提供了(le)寶貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)資料。

歷史價值

隋(sui)仁壽宮(gong)(gong)·唐(tang)(tang)(tang)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)位(wei)于陜西省麟游縣，是隋(sui)、唐(tang)(tang)(tang)時期(qi)營造(zao)的(de)皇(huang)家(jia)避暑離(li)宮(gong)(gong)，由著名建(jian)筑家(jia)宇文(wen)(wen)愷(kai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)檢校將作(zuo)大匠設計建(jian)造(zao)。始建(jian)于隋(sui)開皇(huang)十三年(nian)(nian)（593年(nian)(nian)），初名“仁壽宮(gong)(gong)”，唐(tang)(tang)(tang)貞觀(guan)五年(nian)(nian)（631年(nian)(nian)）經修(xiu)復擴建(jian)后(hou)改稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)”。現存遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)分布(bu)面積約42.4萬平方米，遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)內現存宮(gong)(gong)城、城墻、夯筑宮(gong)(gong)殿臺基、闕門基址(zhi)(zhi)、石(shi)砌水井、唐(tang)(tang)(tang)“九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)醴泉銘(ming)(ming)”碑(bei)(bei)及“萬年(nian)(nian)宮(gong)(gong)銘(ming)(ming)”碑(bei)(bei)等(deng)遺(yi)跡。其(qi)中由魏(wei)征(zheng)撰文(wen)(wen)，歐陽詢手書的(de)“九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)醴泉銘(ming)(ming)”，唐(tang)(tang)(tang)高宗李治撰文(wen)(wen)并親(qin)自書寫的(de)“萬年(nian)(nian)宮(gong)(gong)銘(ming)(ming)”碑(bei)(bei)不僅具有重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)和(he)歷(li)史價值，也是我國書法史上(shang)里程(cheng)碑(bei)(bei)式的(de)作(zuo)品。隋(sui)仁壽宮(gong)(gong)·唐(tang)(tang)(tang)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“離(li)宮(gong)(gong)之冠”，堪(kan)稱(cheng)“陪都”，一度成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)隋(sui)、唐(tang)(tang)(tang)政治、文(wen)(wen)化、軍(jun)事、外交中心。隋(sui)仁壽宮(gong)(gong)?唐(tang)(tang)(tang)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)的(de)發(fa)現，為(wei)(wei)(wei)研究隋(sui)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)時期(qi)皇(huang)家(jia)宮(gong)(gong)苑的(de)形制、規劃(hua)、建(jian)筑方式等(deng)提供了重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)實物(wu)(wu)資(zi)料。1957年(nian)(nian)隋(sui)仁壽宮(gong)(gong)·唐(tang)(tang)(tang)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)宮(gong)(gong)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)公(gong)(gong)布(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)第二批省級重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單(dan)位(wei)，1996年(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)國務(wu)院公(gong)(gong)布(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)第四批全國重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單(dan)位(wei)。

保護舉措

“九五(wu)”以來主要保護內容：

修(xiu)建保護碑亭兩(liang)座、宮廷水井井亭及門(men)樓，37 號(hao)大(da)殿(dian)遺址(zhi)回填，保護圍墻、大(da)門(men)修(xiu)建。

保護規劃制訂。

“十一五”期(qi)間主要保護內容：

制定隋仁壽宮唐九成宮遺址保(bao)護(hu)規劃(hua)，對主(zhu)要重點的文物及變(bian)化區實施保(bao)護(hu)措施。

加固(gu)37 號(hao)宮殿遺址的(de)四(si)周土體，防止其塌落(luo)，造成(cheng)遺址的(de)破壞(huai)。同時對(dui)遺址進(jin)行(xing)回(hui)填，加固(gu)并(bing)部(bu)分(fen)進(jin)行(xing)復原展示(shi)。

遺址現狀

目前(qian)隋仁(ren)壽(shou)宮(gong)唐九(jiu)成(cheng)宮(gong)遺址遍布于麟游縣城內，范圍面(mian)積很(hen)大(da)，城市建設和發展對文物遺址的破壞(huai)和威(wei)脅極大(da)。但由(you)于目前(qian)沒有(you)整個隋仁(ren)壽(shou)宮(gong)唐九(jiu)成(cheng)宮(gong)遺址保(bao)護規(gui)劃，建設性破壞(huai)日(ri)趨嚴重。

九成宮37號宮殿遺址夯土臺基東、南斷(duan)面高(gao)8米處，隨時有倒(dao)塌的危險。目前遺址裸露，風雨侵(qin)蝕，風化已脫(tuo)落。