代表性案例
迥瀾橋
迥(jiong)瀾(lan)(lan)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),位于油(you)沐鄉中崗村與油(you)草村之間(jian)(jian),建(jian)于明(ming)萬歷年(nian)間(jian)(jian),明(ming)崇(chong)禎(zhen)十四(si)年(nian)(1641年(nian))重修。由三孔(kong)石(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)、橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)廊、橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)、閣樓(lou)(lou)組(zu)成(cheng),全(quan)長37.54米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、寬4.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、高(gao)(gao)4米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),占地面(mian)積(ji)270平方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),建(jian)筑(zhu)面(mian)積(ji)187.70平方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)長30.43米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、高(gao)(gao)4米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、寬4.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。石(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)有(you)(you)(you)3拱(gong),每拱(gong)跨度6.22米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)廊、橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)木(mu)構建(jian)筑(zhu),面(mian)闊11間(jian)(jian)。橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)廊屋頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)硬山頂(ding),通(tong)高(gao)(gao)5.60米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)屋頂(ding)為(wei)(wei)歇(xie)(xie)山頂(ding),通(tong)高(gao)(gao)6.70米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),采用(yong)穿斗式木(mu)結構,由34根木(mu)頭榫卯相結合。橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)頭閣樓(lou)(lou)磚木(mu)結構,高(gao)(gao)二層,重檐歇(xie)(xie)山頂(ding),通(tong)高(gao)(gao)10米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),有(you)(you)(you)三門和(he)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)相通(tong),磚墻上有(you)(you)(you)古(gu)典(dian)人物(wu)花鳥畫(hua)多(duo)幅,四(si)面(mian)八角飛檐高(gao)(gao)翹,脊飾泥(ni)塑葫蘆形圖案,此外(wai),橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)上立有(you)(you)(you)12塊(kuai)與修橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)有(you)(you)(you)關的石(shi)(shi)碑,其(qi)中有(you)(you)(you)明(ming)代(dai)陜(shan)西道監察御史何廷(ting)樞所書《重建(jian)迥(jiong)瀾(lan)(lan)石(shi)(shi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)》,為(wei)(wei)研究瑤族地區風(feng)雨橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)史提供了(le)重要的資料。
青龍橋
青龍橋(qiao),與迥瀾橋(qiao)一起俗稱陰陽橋(qiao),為(wei)同時期(qi)修建。青龍橋(qiao)是(shi)在單孔石橋(qiao)上修建橋(qiao)廊(lang)(lang)、橋(qiao)亭和橋(qiao)臺閣樓(lou),全長34.4米(mi)、寬4.7米(mi)。橋(qiao)廊(lang)(lang)、橋(qiao)亭為(wei)穿(chuan)斗式梁(liang)架的木構(gou)建筑,面闊8間,由34根木頭榫卯組(zu)合(he)而成。橋(qiao)廊(lang)(lang)屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)硬山(shan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding),橋(qiao)廊(lang)(lang)通高(gao)5.0米(mi),橋(qiao)亭屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)為(wei)歇山(shan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding),通高(gao)5.5米(mi)。橋(qiao)臺閣樓(lou)通高(gao)14.5米(mi),高(gao)三層,磚木結構(gou),三重檐(yan)歇山(shan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding),每(mei)層檐(yan)下周圍有(you)32扇木質花窗,四柱底部為(wei)蓮花鼓形柱礎。
據(ju)橋碑和(he)脊(ji)桁題記(ji)的記(ji)載,歷史(shi)上這兩(liang)橋在清嘉慶、道(dao)光(guang)、光(guang)緒年間都曾進行修葺。解放后,自治(zhi)區和(he)縣(xian)政府(fu)曾多次(ci)撥(bo)款維修保養(yang),使之得到較好的保護。
福壽橋
福壽橋位于(yu)富川(chuan)縣城北鎮(zhen)風溪村(cun)。據該(gai)(gai)橋碑記記載,鳳(feng)溪福壽風雨橋始(shi)建(jian)于(yu)明萬歷三十(shi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1608年(nian)(nian)(nian)),清乾隆三十(shi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1771年(nian)(nian)(nian))重修(xiu),道光(guang)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1828年(nian)(nian)(nian))第二(er)次重修(xiu),現存為道光(guang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間重建(jian)。解放后,由于(yu)該(gai)(gai)村(cun)在(zai)鳳(feng)溪下游興建(jian)了一(yi)座木橋,該(gai)(gai)橋逐漸廢(fei)棄不用(yong)。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)自(zi)治區文化(hua)廳撥款維(wei)修(xiu),使之(zhi)重煥光(guang)彩。
福壽橋(qiao)橫跨于鳳(feng)溪村(cun)旁的小(xiao)溪上(shang),利(li)用小(xiao)溪兩岸的基巖砌石橋(qiao)臺(tai)(tai),架設粗大(直徑30厘(li)(li)米~35厘(li)(li)米)的杉木主梁,主梁上(shang)鋪木板為橋(qiao)面(mian)(mian),橋(qiao)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)架設面(mian)(mian)闊五(wu)間(jian)、穿斗式木構(gou)架、小(xiao)青瓦屋面(mian)(mian)的橋(qiao)廊和橋(qiao)亭,兩端橋(qiao)臺(tai)(tai)修建馬頭墻(qiang)。橋(qiao)總長17.35米、寬5.66米。其中拱跨為8.50米,橋(qiao)面(mian)(mian)至河床高約1.9米,橋(qiao)亭高約5.19米。