芒果视频下载

簡介

外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全長(chang)(chang)1941米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，除西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)部(bu)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)損毀外(wai)，大(da)(da)部(bu)保(bao)存完好。 內(nei)(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)平面(mian)(mian)呈方形(xing)(xing)，處(chu)(chu)在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)(nei)北(bei)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，全長(chang)(chang)861米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，面(mian)(mian)積(ji)4.3萬平方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)現存7處(chu)(chu)豁(huo)口(kou)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)角(jiao)、南(nan)正中(zhong)及北(bei)上(shang)(shang)中(zhong)3處(chu)(chu)豁(huo)口(kou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以肯(ken)定為(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)。內(nei)(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)東(dong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)、南(nan)面(mian)(mian)3處(chu)(chu)豁(huo)口(kou)，均可(ke)(ke)(ke)確定為(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)角(jiao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)35米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，其底基(ji)距贛(gan)江(jiang)水(shui)面(mian)(mian)落(luo)差僅2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，贛(gan)水(shui)上(shang)(shang)漲時，河(he)(he)水(shui)可(ke)(ke)(ke)直接入(ru)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)(nei)(nei)，推測可(ke)(ke)(ke)能為(wei)水(shui)門(men)(men)(men)(men)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)正中(zhong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)28米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，為(wei)“凸”形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構，從其上(shang)(shang)殘存疊壓瓦片分(fen)(fen)析，此處(chu)(chu)原可(ke)(ke)(ke)能為(wei)一(yi)(yi)處(chu)(chu)門(men)(men)(men)(men)闕。北(bei)正中(zhong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)15米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，入(ru)門(men)(men)(men)(men)較陡(dou)，可(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)別進入(ru)內(nei)(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。內(nei)(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)門(men)(men)(men)(men)為(wei)“凹”形(xing)(xing)結(jie)構，似為(wei)“甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”，也有(you)(you)大(da)(da)量(liang)瓦礫堆積(ji)。 內(nei)(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)17.4米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)見大(da)(da)量(liang)瓦礫堆積(ji)，并采集到一(yi)(yi)塊完整四葉云紋瓦當。 內(nei)(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)角(jiao)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)長(chang)(chang)方形(xing)(xing)土(tu)臺，為(wei)全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)地(di)帶(dai)，東(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)長(chang)(chang)47米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，南(nan)北(bei)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)35米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，面(mian)(mian)積(ji)1645平方米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，高(gao)出周圍平地(di)0.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，高(gao)出內(nei)(nei)(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其它地(di)帶(dai)約(yue)2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)為(wei)土(tu)筑，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)高(gao)度(du)因地(di)勢的南(nan)高(gao)北(bei)低而相反，以使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)四周基(ji)本(ben)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)同一(yi)(yi)水(shui)平面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)。南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)距地(di)表4.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)高(gao)10.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)高(gao)20.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)頂寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)2—3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，基(ji)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)20—28米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。以北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)基(ji)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)有(you)(you)護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)， 以南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)及南(nan)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)斷面(mian)(mian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)知，南(nan)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)16.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，深1.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，東(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)兩(liang)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)30米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)由南(nan)往北(bei)流(liu)入(ru)贛(gan)江(jiang)。

遺址現狀

白口城址于(yu)1980年(nian)(nian)代文物普查時發現(xian)，2001年(nian)(nian)9月到10月江西(xi)省文物考古研(yan)究所和(he)泰和(he)縣博物館一起進行了(le)試(shi)掘(jue)，2004年(nian)(nian)12月正(zheng)式發掘(jue)。考古發現(xian)，該城始(shi)筑(zhu)于(yu)西(xi)漢，延(yan)用至東晉末年(nian)(nian)前后(hou)。

白(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)址(zhi)總面積達(da)23萬平方米，形狀呈倒梯形，分(fen)為(wei)內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)和外城(cheng)。外城(cheng)長(chang)(chang)1941米，大部分(fen)保存完好(hao)。內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)呈方形，位于城(cheng)內(nei)(nei)北側，長(chang)(chang)861米，面積4.3萬平方米。現發現城(cheng)門10處(chu)，其中內(nei)(nei)城(cheng)西(xi)北門為(wei)“凹”形結(jie)構，似為(wei)“甕城(cheng)” 。城(cheng)墻為(wei)土筑，城(cheng)外有護城(cheng)河，由南往北流(liu)入(ru)贛江。航空遙感拍攝的照片顯示，白(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)址(zhi)保存較(jiao)為(wei)完好(hao)，古城(cheng)的布局、結(jie)構非常(chang)清晰。

歷史與傳說

據《南(nan)史》、《陳(chen)書》等(deng)記載，南(nan)朝梁侯景之亂時，大寶(bao)元(yuan)年(nian)（550年(nian)），陳(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)自嶺南(nan)引軍討伐侯景，坐(zuo)鎮南(nan)康。高(gao)州刺史李(li)遷仕(shi)在寧(ning)都(dou)人(ren)劉藹等(deng)資(zi)助下，順贛江(jiang)而下，進擊(ji)陳(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)。陳(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)派遣(qian)杜僧(seng)明據白口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)加(jia)固城(cheng)(cheng)墻抵御，李(li)遷仕(shi)則于(yu)其東面筑古城(cheng)(cheng)相對。次年(nian)，杜僧(seng)明攻破古城(cheng)(cheng)，俘虜(lu)李(li)遷仕(shi)，送往南(nan)康斬首(shou)。是年(nian)六月(yue)，陳(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)進軍西昌，駐(zhu)白口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)，當時“有龍見于(yu)水濱，高(gao)五丈許，五采鮮耀(yao)，軍民觀者數萬人(ren)”，陳(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)一時威望(wang)大振(zhen)，數年(nian)后代梁稱帝建(jian)立了陳(chen)朝。

考古發掘

泰(tai)和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)博物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)(guan)館(guan)(guan)(guan)長(chang)肖(xiao)用桁介紹，因(yin)“地(di)產(chan)嘉(jia)禾，和(he)(he)(he)氣所(suo)生”而得名的(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)和(he)(he)(he)，歷(li)(li)屬吳越，西(xi)(xi)漢(han)為(wei)古(gu)(gu)廬陵縣(xian)(xian)地(di)，為(wei)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)“西(xi)(xi)漢(han)十(shi)八縣(xian)(xian)”之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。東漢(han)為(wei)西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)，為(wei)廬陵郡治，歷(li)(li)來就是(shi)江西(xi)(xi)一(yi)(yi)方(fang)政治文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)中心，尤其(qi)是(shi)漢(han)晉(jin)以來的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)積淀，形成了(le)代表贛文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)風(feng)貌的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)因(yin)子。泰(tai)和(he)(he)(he)地(di)處水陸要沖，其(qi)“咽喉荊廣、唇齒淮浙”由來已久。昔秦(qin)皇(huang)漢(han)武的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩次(ci)征伐嶺南（南越），數十(shi)萬浩浩大(da)軍均由此(ci)經過(guo)。公元550年(nian)，南朝陳霸(ba)先(xian)從始興(xing)發(fa)兵護主，正(zheng)是(shi)經過(guo)泰(tai)和(he)(he)(he)，并(bing)在白(bai)口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)屯兵激戰，之(zhi)后(hou)揮(hui)師北上建(jian)立(li)了(le)不(bu)(bu)朽的(de)(de)(de)(de)帝業(ye)。 雖然(ran)《泰(tai)和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)志》和(he)(he)(he)《吉(ji)安府志》對(dui)白(bai)口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)均有(you)記載，但是(shi)這座千年(nian)古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)直養(yang)在深(shen)(shen)閨人(ren)未知，并(bing)沒有(you)深(shen)(shen)究其(qi)真正(zheng)蘊孕的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史價值(zhi)。但是(shi)，一(yi)(yi)次(ci)偶然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機會(hui)，卻(que)使白(bai)口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重放異彩，令世(shi)人(ren)矚目。2001年(nian)8月(yue)，修建(jian)贛粵高速(su)公路(lu)吉(ji)安段時(shi)，時(shi)任(ren)江西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)研(yan)究所(suo)副所(suo)長(chang)、現任(ren)江西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)博物(wu)(wu)館(guan)(guan)(guan)副館(guan)(guan)(guan)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)劉詩中帶隊來到泰(tai)和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)境內高速(su)公路(lu)沿線(xian)進行文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)勘(kan)查，當(dang)時(shi)只是(shi)看了(le)沿線(xian)馬市鎮的(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)烈古(gu)(gu)樟和(he)(he)(he)幾個古(gu)(gu)墓。在返回泰(tai)和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)，陪同勘(kan)查的(de)(de)(de)(de)肖(xiao)用桁想：省(sheng)(sheng)里專(zhuan)家(jia)來一(yi)(yi)趟(tang)也不(bu)(bu)容易，何不(bu)(bu)建(jian)議他(ta)們到離縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)僅3公里的(de)(de)(de)(de)白(bai)口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)看看，聽聽他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)意見。因(yin)白(bai)口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不(bu)(bu)在高速(su)公路(lu)旁，非此(ci)次(ci)勘(kan)查范圍(wei)，加上其(qi)僅是(shi)縣(xian)(xian)級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)保護單(dan)位，并(bing)未引起人(ren)們關注。當(dang)車拐上往(wang)白(bai)口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)路(lu)時(shi)，有(you)人(ren)說：“到那(nei)地(di)方(fang)去(qu)干(gan)什么(me)，無東西(xi)(xi)可看。”然(ran)而，當(dang)劉詩中一(yi)(yi)走上城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)時(shi)，他(ta)就情(qing)不(bu)(bu)自禁地(di)贊嘆：“真是(shi)國寶，很(hen)有(you)價值(zhi)！” 回憶起當(dang)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)景，肖(xiao)用桁仍然(ran)很(hen)興(xing)奮(fen)，他(ta)說，省(sheng)(sheng)專(zhuan)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)這一(yi)(yi)次(ci)“造訪(fang)”，使泰(tai)和(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)工作(zuo)者(zhe)感到振奮(fen)。隨后(hou)，他(ta)們趕往(wang)南昌(chang)，向省(sheng)(sheng)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)廳、省(sheng)(sheng)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)局、省(sheng)(sheng)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)考(kao)古(gu)(gu)研(yan)究所(suo)作(zuo)了(le)有(you)關白(bai)口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)情(qing)況的(de)(de)(de)(de)詳細(xi)匯報，并(bing)請求進行考(kao)古(gu)(gu)發(fa)掘。

肖用(yong)(yong)桁(heng)館(guan)長(chang)(chang)(chang)告訴(su)記(ji)者，2001年(nian)9月(yue)至(zhi)(zhi)10月(yue)和(he)(he)2004年(nian)12月(yue)至(zhi)(zhi)2005年(nian)1月(yue)，江(jiang)西省(sheng)文(wen)物考古(gu)研究所副所長(chang)(chang)(chang)徐長(chang)(chang)(chang)青(qing)率領(ling)的(de)考古(gu)小組在泰(tai)和(he)(he)縣博物館(guan)的(de)配合(he)下，對白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址進(jin)行了考古(gu)勘(kan)(kan)探(tan)(tan)，分(fen)(fen)別(bie)進(jin)行了試掘(jue)和(he)(he)正(zheng)(zheng)式發(fa)(fa)(fa)掘(jue)。考古(gu)勘(kan)(kan)探(tan)(tan)以東西向(xiang)直線(xian)布點鉆探(tan)(tan)，共布直線(xian)9條(tiao)，遍(bian)(bian)布城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內的(de)主要地(di)區(qu)。從勘(kan)(kan)查(cha)和(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)(fa)掘(jue)得知，外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)全長(chang)(chang)(chang)1941米(mi)(mi)，除北側(ce)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)損毀外(wai)(wai)，大(da)都保(bao)存(cun)完好(hao)。內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)呈方形，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)全長(chang)(chang)(chang)861米(mi)(mi)，面積(ji)4﹒3萬平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)，文(wen)化堆積(ji)普遍(bian)(bian)達1﹒8至(zhi)(zhi)2﹒2米(mi)(mi)。 外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)現存(cun)7處豁(huo)口，西北角、南(nan)(nan)正(zheng)(zheng)中及北正(zheng)(zheng)中3處豁(huo)口均(jun)可(ke)定為(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)。外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西北角城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)35米(mi)(mi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)底基(ji)距現贛(gan)江(jiang)水(shui)面落差僅2米(mi)(mi)，贛(gan)江(jiang)水(shui)上漲時，河(he)水(shui)可(ke)直接入城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內，推(tui)測為(wei)(wei)水(shui)門(men)(men)(men)。南(nan)(nan)正(zheng)(zheng)中門(men)(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)28米(mi)(mi)，為(wei)(wei)“凸”形結構，從其(qi)(qi)(qi)上殘(can)存(cun)疊(die)壓的(de)瓦(wa)片分(fen)(fen)析，該處原可(ke)能為(wei)(wei)一門(men)(men)(men)闕。北正(zheng)(zheng)中城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)15米(mi)(mi)，入門(men)(men)(men)較陡，可(ke)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)進(jin)入內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)(he)外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。 城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)為(wei)(wei)土(tu)(tu)筑(zhu)，高度因(yin)地(di)勢的(de)南(nan)(nan)高北低而相反(fan)，從而使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)四(si)周基(ji)本處于同一水(shui)平(ping)面上。南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)高4﹒5米(mi)(mi)，東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)高10﹒2米(mi)(mi)，北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)則高達20﹒5米(mi)(mi)；城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)頂寬(kuan)(kuan)2-3米(mi)(mi)，基(ji)寬(kuan)(kuan)20-28米(mi)(mi)，以北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)基(ji)寬(kuan)(kuan)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)(wai)有(you)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)，南(nan)(nan)側(ce)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)寬(kuan)(kuan)16﹒5米(mi)(mi)，深1﹒5米(mi)(mi)，東西兩(liang)側(ce)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)寬(kuan)(kuan)逾30米(mi)(mi)，護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)由南(nan)(nan)往北流入贛(gan)江(jiang)。 發(fa)(fa)(fa)掘(jue)中，出(chu)土(tu)(tu)了春秋戰國時漢晉(jin)時期珍貴文(wen)物數(shu)百件(jian)，有(you)大(da)型建(jian)筑(zhu)材料：長(chang)(chang)(chang)達40厘(li)米(mi)(mi)的(de)板(ban)瓦(wa)、筒瓦(wa)，一批保(bao)存(cun)完好(hao)的(de)圓形瓦(wa)當(dang)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)紋(wen)瓦(wa)當(dang)酷似(si)秦咸陽宮出(chu)土(tu)(tu)文(wen)物，頗具(ju)秦文(wen)化風格；有(you)青(qing)銅兵器(qi)：青(qing)銅箭(jian)鏃；有(you)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)活用(yong)(yong)具(ju)、鐵(tie)器(qi)、陶紡輪、陶網墜(zhui)、陶通風管(guan)，還(huan)有(you)大(da)量(liang)的(de)鐵(tie)渣(zha)、銅渣(zha)、銅飾件(jian)等(deng)。同時，在白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址的(de)南(nan)(nan)面和(he)(he)西面還(huan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現“天(tian)子堆”、皇帝(di)地(di)等(deng)與(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址同時代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)古(gu)墓群。 肖用(yong)(yong)桁(heng)說，專家們從城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)解剖結果(guo)表明白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)板(ban)筑(zhu)法筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，分(fen)(fen)層(ceng)棍棒夯筑(zhu)，而層(ceng)內出(chu)土(tu)(tu)物均(jun)為(wei)(wei)漢代(dai)(dai)(dai)板(ban)瓦(wa)殘(can)片，故其(qi)(qi)(qi)時代(dai)(dai)(dai)應在漢代(dai)(dai)(dai)，也就是說該城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)始筑(zhu)于西漢初年(nian)，使用(yong)(yong)年(nian)代(dai)(dai)(dai)至(zhi)(zhi)少延續到東晉(jin)。

肖用(yong)桁(heng)告訴記者，吉安(an)古稱廬(lu)陵，廬(lu)陵縣建于秦末漢初，治所在西(xi)昌(chang)已見于史載，但城(cheng)址的(de)具體位置一(yi)直無定論，白口城(cheng)的(de)勘探，確定了白口城(cheng)為廬(lu)陵城(cheng)。

肖用桁介紹，秦(qin)始(shi)皇(huang)(huang)統一六(liu)國推行郡(jun)縣(xian)制，分(fen)天下三(san)十六(liu)郡(jun)，其(qi)中九(jiu)(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)郡(jun)轄江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)部(bu)分(fen)地區(qu)。《明一統志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》云(yun)：“始(shi)皇(huang)(huang)二(er)(er)十四年(nian)(nian)王(wang)翦滅楚，虜負芻(chu)，明年(nian)(nian)（公元前222年(nian)(nian)）置廬(lu)陵(ling)、安平、新淦(gan)三(san)縣(xian)，屬(shu)九(jiu)(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)郡(jun)。”《泰(tai)和(he)縣(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》沿(yan)革表：“秦(qin)廬(lu)陵(ling)縣(xian)屬(shu)九(jiu)(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)郡(jun)，唐(tang)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、舊志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未載縣(xian)治，疑即西(xi)昌(chang)。漢(han)高(gao)帝(di)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)分(fen)淮南(nan)立(li)豫章郡(jun)，唐(tang)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故縣(xian)在今(jin)泰(tai)和(he)縣(xian)西(xi)三(san)里。”乾隆版《吉安府志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》引《太平寰宇(yu)記》：“漢(han)高(gao)帝(di)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)，以廬(lu)陵(ling)縣(xian)屬(shu)豫章郡(jun)，故廬(lu)陵(ling)縣(xian)在今(jin)泰(tai)和(he)縣(xian)西(xi)三(san)里。”以上史(shi)載不但闡明了廬(lu)陵(ling)縣(xian)的設置時間，而且(qie)指出了其(qi)治所(suo)的位(wei)置。

《晉書(shu)(shu)》地(di)志廬陵(ling)郡條下注云(yun)：吳置(zhi)，其屬(shu)有西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、高(gao)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、石(shi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)、巴邱(qiu)、南野、東昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、遂興、吉陽(yang)(yang)(yang)、興平(ping)、陽(yang)(yang)(yang)豐(feng)十縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。《宋(song)書(shu)(shu)》：領縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)九，曰：石(shi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)，西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、東昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、吉陽(yang)(yang)(yang)、巴邱(qiu)、興平(ping)、陽(yang)(yang)(yang)豐(feng)、高(gao)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)、遂興。《南齊書(shu)(shu)》同(tong)，梁、陳無地(di)志。又《舊唐書(shu)(shu)》地(di)志云(yun)：廬陵(ling)漢縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，后改為(wei)西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，舊志稱(cheng)置(zhi)西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)郡治。從《晉書(shu)(shu)》與《唐書(shu)(shu)》考歷代史(shi)及省府(fu)各志所載，省、府(fu)、州、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)皆先附(fu)郭之名。如《晉書(shu)(shu)》所載即以西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)為(wei)首縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，后遷(qian)石(shi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)郡治，《宋(song)書(shu)(shu)》所載即以石(shi)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)首縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，“后漢末以廬陵(ling)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)郡，置(zhi)西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為(wei)廬陵(ling)郡治”。由(you)此(ci)可以認(ren)定當時廬陵(ling)郡治在西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。

按《泰(tai)和(he)縣志》唐(tang)乾元三年（公元760年），縣治由西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)故(gu)城(cheng)遷至白(bai)下(xia)驛(yi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，名(ming)白(bai)下(xia)城(cheng)（即大致為(wei)今縣城(cheng)），而之(zhi)前的(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)故(gu)城(cheng)在(zai)縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)三里，即東(dong)起坳街，西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)至街尾，南靠(kao)澄江(jiang)河(he)，北(bei)至竹筱巷。唐(tang)朝前期(qi)縣治在(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)城(cheng)，白(bai)口(kou)古城(cheng)恰(qia)好在(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)城(cheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)三里，與以上史籍相符。有資料認為(wei)，廬陵縣在(zai)今泰(tai)和(he)縣城(cheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)30公里處(chu)，肖用桁稱，這種(zhong)認為(wei)是(shi)不正確的(de)(de)，因為(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)漢(han)初豫章郡(jun)（現江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)）僅有18個縣，人口(kou)不過35﹒2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人，平均(jun)一(yi)個縣只有2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人。那(nei)時農業(ye)耕作剛脫離(li)“刀(dao)耕火種(zhong)”的(de)(de)原始粗放(fang)方式(shi)，尚處(chu)于(yu)封建(jian)社會(hui)早(zao)期(qi)，生(sheng)產力不發達，人口(kou)又稀疏，不可(ke)能在(zai)面積(ji)達23萬(wan)(wan)(wan)平方米的(de)(de)白(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)30公里地(di)同時還有一(yi)座作為(wei)一(yi)方政治、經濟(ji)、文化(hua)中心的(de)(de)城(cheng)池，更何況當地(di)文物工作者多次有針對性的(de)(de)調查，在(zai)縣城(cheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)方向(xiang)一(yi)直未(wei)發現一(yi)絲古城(cheng)遺(yi)址的(de)(de)蹤跡。而白(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)始筑于(yu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)漢(han)初年，沿用到東(dong)晉末年前后(hou)(hou)，它與古廬陵縣的(de)(de)創建(jian)至升廬陵郡(jun)后(hou)(hou)外(wai)遷和(he)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)縣的(de)(de)初建(jian)年代基本相符。

再(zai)者，白(bai)(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)位(wei)于贛江邊(bian)，處于水(shui)陸要沖，區位(wei)優勢明顯，昔秦(qin)皇漢(han)武(wu)的兩次征(zheng)伐(fa)嶺南，數(shu)十萬浩(hao)浩(hao)大軍均由此(ci)經過，上世紀70年(nian)(nian)代，泰和(he)鄰縣(xian)遂川出土的一批(pi)秦(qin)代銅制兵器便是(shi)證明。從泰和(he)的行政治所(suo)的歷史變遷(qian)來看，廬陵縣(xian)始建于白(bai)(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)，漢(han)興平(ping)元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)(yuan)194年(nian)(nian)）升遷(qian)為(wei)郡置(zhi)西昌縣(xian)時，郡縣(xian)治同在白(bai)(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)。光(guang)緒版《泰和(he)縣(xian)志》記載(zai)：“西昌為(wei)郡治耳(er)。”肯定(ding)了(le)郡、縣(xian)同一治所(suo)，與此(ci)相符。綜上所(suo)述，即可確(que)定(ding)白(bai)(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)為(wei)廬陵城(cheng)。

肖用桁說，對(dui)(dui)白(bai)(bai)(bai)口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)勘探，其意義不僅(jin)僅(jin)確定了(le)白(bai)(bai)(bai)口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為廬(lu)陵城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，從(cong)而破解了(le)困擾人(ren)們千百年來古(gu)稱廬(lu)陵的(de)(de)(de)(de)吉安源頭(tou)之(zhi)謎，而且對(dui)(dui)帶(dai)動(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)考古(gu)研(yan)究和(he)對(dui)(dui)于地域的(de)(de)(de)(de)、歷史的(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)古(gu)文化研(yan)究都具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)顯著的(de)(de)(de)(de)價值(zhi)。徐長青等(deng)專(zhuan)家曾(ceng)撰(zhuan)文認為，20世(shi)紀80年代文物(wu)普查時(shi)，僅(jin)發(fa)現柴(chai)(chai)桑(sang)、梟(xiao)阝陽、南野(ye)等(deng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)遺物(wu)較(jiao)豐富(fu)(fu)。其中(zhong)柴(chai)(chai)桑(sang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)僅(jin)有(you)(you)記載(zai)和(he)漢晉時(shi)期墓葬依據，梟(xiao)阝陽城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)僅(jin)剩數(shu)十(shi)米(mi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)且已陷(xian)入鄱陽湖包圍(wei)中(zhong)，南野(ye)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為秦軍(jun)守南野(ye)界之(zhi)地，今存(cun)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)約4﹒6萬(wan)平方米(mi)。而白(bai)(bai)(bai)口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)達23萬(wan)平方米(mi)，無(wu)論(lun)從(cong)規(gui)模還是保存(cun)狀況(kuang)，在江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省都是當之(zhi)無(wu)愧的(de)(de)(de)(de)大和(he)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)。因此，從(cong)研(yan)究白(bai)(bai)(bai)口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)入手帶(dai)動(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)研(yan)究具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。白(bai)(bai)(bai)口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)位于贛(gan)(gan)中(zhong)腹地，為贛(gan)(gan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)游(you)入上游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“咽喉”所在，它在贛(gan)(gan)北、贛(gan)(gan)中(zhong)、贛(gan)(gan)南文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)承(cheng)鏈條上具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)十(shi)分顯赫的(de)(de)(de)(de)地理(li)優勢，贛(gan)(gan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)下游(you)豐富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原始文化如吳城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、新干商墓以及戰(zhan)國糧(liang)倉等(deng)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)文化遺址(zhi)(zhi)均(jun)位于這一文化傳(chuan)承(cheng)帶(dai)上。從(cong)這個意義上講，研(yan)究白(bai)(bai)(bai)口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)(dui)于地域的(de)(de)(de)(de)、歷史的(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)古(gu)文化都具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。