由來
惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)為唐大(da)歷元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)至(zhi)十二年(nian)(nian)（766-777）無錫令(ling)敬澄(cheng)所開(kai)鑿。惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)的(de)得名是因為古代西域和尚(shang)慧(hui)照曾在附(fu)近結(jie)廬修行(xing)，古代"慧(hui)"、"惠(hui)(hui)"二字通用，便(bian)稱惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)。惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水源(yuan)于若冰洞，呈(cheng)伏流而出成泉(quan)(quan)(quan)。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)先圍砌成上、中(zhong)(zhong)兩池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。上池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)呈(cheng)八角形(xing)，由八根(gen)小巧的(de)方(fang)(fang)(fang)柱嵌八塊(kuai)條石(shi)以(yi)為欄，池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)深三尺(chi)余(yu)。池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水水質很(hen)好(hao)，水色(se)透明(ming)，甘(gan)冽可口。中(zhong)(zhong)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)緊挨上池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，呈(cheng)四方(fang)(fang)(fang)形(xing)，水體清(qing)淡，別有風味。至(zhi)宋代，又在下方(fang)(fang)(fang)開(kai)一大(da)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，呈(cheng)長方(fang)(fang)(fang)形(xing)，實(shi)為魚池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。明(ming)代雕刻家楊理(li)特在下池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)壁雕刻了一具螭(chi)首(shou)，這螭(chi)首(shou)似龍(long)非龍(long)，俗稱石(shi)龍(long)頭，中(zhong)(zhong)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水則(ze)通過(guo)石(shi)龍(long)頭下注到大(da)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)之中(zhong)(zhong)，終(zhong)年(nian)(nian)噴涌不(bu)息(xi)。池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)前建有供茶人品(pin)茗的(de)漪瀾堂，蘇(su)東(dong)坡曾在此(ci)賦詩曰(yue)："還將塵(chen)土足，一步漪瀾堂。"
相傳唐代陸羽評定了(le)天下(xia)水品二(er)十等(deng)，惠山泉(quan)被(bei)列為(wei)天下(xia)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)泉(quan)。隨后，劉伯芻(chu)、張又(you)(you)新(xin)等(deng)唐代著名(ming)茶(cha)人(ren)又(you)(you)均推惠山泉(quan)為(wei)天下(xia)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)泉(quan)，所以人(ren)們也稱它為(wei)二(er)泉(quan)。中唐時(shi)(shi)期(qi)詩人(ren)李紳曾贊揚道(dao)："惠山書(shu)堂前，松竹之下(xia)，有(you)泉(quan)甘爽，乃人(ren)間靈液，清鑒肌骨(gu)。漱(shu)開神慮(lv)，茶(cha)得此水，皆盡芳味也。"宋徽宗時(shi)(shi)，此泉(quan)水成為(wei)宮(gong)廷貢品。元代翰林(lin)學士、大(da)書(shu)法家趙孟(meng)頫專為(wei)惠山泉(quan)書(shu)寫了(le)"天下(xia)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)泉(quan)"五個大(da)字(zi)，至今(jin)仍(reng)完好地(di)保存(cun)在泉(quan)亭后壁上(shang)。當時(shi)(shi)，趙孟(meng)頫還吟(yin)了(le)一首詠此泉(quan)的詩："南朝古(gu)寺惠山泉(quan)，裹名(ming)來尋第(di)(di)(di)二(er)泉(quan)，貪戀君恩當北去，野花啼鳥漫(man)留連。"
歷史
惠山泉(quan)名(ming)(ming)重天下，四(si)方茶客們(men)(men)不(bu)遠千里前來汲(ji)取二(er)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)，達(da)官(guan)貴人更(geng)是聞名(ming)(ming)而至(zhi)。唐武宗時，宰(zai)相李德裕嗜(shi)飲二(er)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)，便責(ze)令地(di)方官(guan)派(pai)人通(tong)(tong)過"遞鋪"（類似(si)驛站的專門運(yun)輸(shu)機(ji)構），把(ba)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)送到三千里之(zhi)遙(yao)的長(chang)安(an)，供他(ta)煎茗。宋代蘇東坡深通(tong)(tong)"泉(quan)美茶香異"之(zhi)理，他(ta)于熙寧年(nian)間，"獨攜天上小團月，來試(shi)人間第二(er)泉(quan)"。他(ta)品飲之(zhi)后，連(lian)聲贊妙，并把(ba)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)比作乳(ru)水(shui)(shui)，告訴人們(men)(men)說"乳(ru)水(shui)(shui)君當饗惠泉(quan)"。南宋第一位皇帝趙構，在金軍追(zhui)擊(ji)下被迫南逃(tao)途經無錫時，仍有雅興"幸"惠山泉(quan)品茗。泉(quan)旁(pang)的二(er)泉(quan)亭，就是當年(nian)地(di)方官(guan)吏為迎接趙構所建。
北宋時(shi)，京城一(yi)(yi)些顯貴和名(ming)士也(ye)常常不(bu)(bu)惜千里之(zhi)遙，以(yi)舟車(che)載運(yun)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)至開(kai)封(feng)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了防止長途跋涉(she)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)味變(bian)質，人們在(zai)實踐中(zhong)(zhong)摸索出"折洗(xi)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)"的(de)辦法(fa)(fa)。據周(zhou)輝《清(qing)波雜志(zhi)》第四(si)卷記載，惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)運(yun)到汴州后，用(yong)細沙淋過，便像新(xin)汲的(de)一(yi)(yi)樣，號稱(cheng)折洗(xi)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)。用(yong)細沙淋過，也(ye)就(jiu)是用(yong)細沙將水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過濾一(yi)(yi)下，去掉其塵污雜味。惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)是當時(shi)人們相互饋贈的(de)禮品(pin)。大文學家(jia)(jia)歐陽(yang)修曾以(yi)18年(nian)之(zhi)功(gong)撰《集古錄》十卷，請他的(de)好友(you)、大書法(fa)(fa)家(jia)(jia)、茶藝大學者蔡襄(xiang)寫序，歐陽(yang)修稱(cheng)此篇序文"字尤精(jing)勁，為(wei)(wei)(wei)世所(suo)珍(zhen)"。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了酬謝蔡襄(xiang)，他精(jing)心(xin)準備了4件禮品(pin)，一(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鼠須(xu)栗毛(mao)筆(bi)，一(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)銅淥筆(bi)格，一(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)大小(xiao)龍團茶，另一(yi)(yi)件就(jiu)是一(yi)(yi)瓶惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，算作潤筆(bi)。到明(ming)(ming)代(dai)，講究(jiu)品(pin)茶的(de)人們慕惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)之(zhi)名(ming)，但(dan)外地人畢竟不(bu)(bu)易得(de)到惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，于(yu)是只好自(zi)制惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，以(yi)代(dai)替真(zhen)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。明(ming)(ming)代(dai)朱國禎記述此辦法(fa)(fa)是：先把一(yi)(yi)般(ban)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)煮開(kai)，放到大缸內，把水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)缸放置在(zai)庭院(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)曬不(bu)(bu)到太陽(yang)的(de)背陰地方，待到月(yue)色皎潔的(de)晚上(shang)，打開(kai)缸蓋，以(yi)便承受夜間露(lu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)滋潤，經過如此三個夜晚，再用(yong)瓢輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)地將水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)舀(yao)到瓷壇中(zhong)(zhong)。據說用(yong)這種(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)"烹茶，與惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)無異"（《涌幢小(xiao)品(pin)》），因此，用(yong)此法(fa)(fa)制成的(de)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)叫做(zuo)"自(zi)制惠(hui)(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)"。
地理位置
無錫位(wei)于(yu)江蘇省南部，南臨太(tai)湖，西(xi)依惠山(shan)(shan)(shan)，京(jing)杭運(yun)河(he)縱貫南北，京(jing)滬鐵路橫臥(wo)東西(xi)，交通(tong)便利，物(wu)產豐富，山(shan)(shan)(shan)明(ming)水秀，是我國著(zhu)名的(de)“魚米(mi)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”。位(wei)于(yu)該市西(xi)部高(gao)329米(mi)的(de)惠山(shan)(shan)(shan)，綿延20公里，其九(jiu)峰如九(jiu)條頑皮的(de)蒼(cang)龍，擠(ji)在一起，頭東尾西(xi)，淹沒于(yu)太(tai)湖之(zhi)中(zhong)。“挹九(jiu)峰之(zhi)蒼(cang)翠，瞰太(tai)湖之(zhi)波濤”。山(shan)(shan)(shan)間古木參天，幽(you)谷清靜，自古以來，吸引了許(xu)多文人墨客，是著(zhu)名的(de)錫惠風景游覽(lan)勝地。
惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)多(duo)清(qing)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)，歷史(shi)上(shang)冰有“九龍(long)十(shi)三泉(quan)(quan)(quan)”之(zhi)說。位于惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)寺附近的(de)惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)原(yuan)名漪瀾泉(quan)(quan)(quan)，相傳它是唐朝(chao)大(da)歷末年(nian)（公元(yuan)779年(nian)），由元(yuan)錫縣令警澄派人(ren)開鑿的(de)。共兩池(chi)，上(shang)池(chi)圓，水(shui)色澄碧，飲料都在(zai)這里汲取；下池(chi)方，雖一脈相通，但水(shui)質不(bu)加(jia)上(shang)池(chi)清(qing)澈。唐朝(chao)陸羽在(zai)他(ta)著的(de)《茶(cha)經(jing)》中(zhong)排列名泉(quan)(quan)(quan)20處，無錫惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)位居第(di)二。另一位評(ping)水(shui)大(da)家劉伯芻認(ren)為(wei)：“透宜(yi)于煮茶(cha)的(de)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)有七眼，惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)是第(di)二”。此后“天下第(di)二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)”之(zhi)名為(wei)歷代文(wen)人(ren)名流所公認(ren)。宋代詩人(ren)蘇軾曾兩次(ci)游(you)無錫品惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)，留下了“獨攜(xie)天上(shang)小(xiao)團月，來試人(ren)間第(di)二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)”的(de)吟(yin)唱，更使惠(hui)(hui)山(shan)(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)輝。
惠(hui)(hui)山泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)名(ming)(ming)不(bu)(bu)虛(xu)傳，泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)無色透明，含(han)礦物質少，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質優(you)良，甘美適口，系泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之(zhi)佼(jiao)佼(jiao)者。其原(yuan)因(yin)(yin)是由(you)于(yu)惠(hui)(hui)山奪石地(di)(di)層(ceng)為烏桐石英砂岸村下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)從地(di)(di)層(ceng)中(zhong)涌向(xiang)地(di)(di)面時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)雜質多(duo)數(shu)已在(zai)滲(shen)濾過程中(zhong)除(chu)去(qu)。相傳唐武宗時(shi)，宰相李德(de)裕很愛惠(hui)(hui)山泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，曾(ceng)令(ling)地(di)(di)方(fang)官使用(yong)壇封(feng)裝(zhuang)，馳馬(ma)傳遞(di)數(shu)千里，從江(jiang)蘇(su)運到(dao)(dao)陜西(xi)，供(gong)他煎(jian)茶。因(yin)(yin)此唐朝詩(shi)人皮日休(xiu)曾(ceng)將(jiang)此事和(he)楊(yang)貴妃驛遞(di)荔枝(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)事相比聯，作詩(shi)譏諷：“丞相常思煮茗時(shi)，郡侯(hou)催發只嫌遲；吳國(guo)去(qu)國(guo)三千里，莫筆楊(yang)妃愛荔枝(zhi)(zhi)。”到(dao)(dao)了宋朝，二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的聲(sheng)譽(yu)更高。蘇(su)東坡向(xiang)人推薦：“雪芽為我求陽羨，乳水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)君應(ying)餉惠(hui)(hui)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。”據(ju)宋張邦基《墨(mo)莊漫錄》所(suo)載：“無錦惠(hui)(hui)山泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，久留(liu)不(bu)(bu)敗(bai)，政和(he)甲午歲（公元(yuan)1114年）趙(zhao)霆始貢(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)于(yu)上(shang)方(fang)，月進百樽。”二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一度(du)成為進獻(xian)給(gei)皇帝的貢(gong)品。宋高宗兵敗(bai)南渡時(shi)，也不(bu)(bu)忘(wang)飲用(yong)二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。南宋著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)詩(shi)人楊(yang)萬里在(zai)詩(shi)中(zhong)稱贊二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)：“惠(hui)(hui)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)遂名(ming)(ming)陸(lu)子(zi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)與陸(lu)子(zi)名(ming)(ming)俱(ju)佳。一瓣佛香炷遺像(xiang)，幾個(ge)衲子(zi)拜(bai)茶忙……”。惠(hui)(hui)山泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)自(zi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)壁(bi)石雕(diao)的“龍(long)頭”（螭首(shou)）中(zhong)流(liu)出，叮咚作響(xiang)，清脆悅耳。泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)畔建有“二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)亭(ting)”，泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)池旁的大石上(shang)，鐫(juan)刻著(zhu)“天下第二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)”五(wu)個(ge)大字(zi)，是元(yuan)代著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)書法家趙(zhao)孟頫（趙(zhao)子(zi)昂）所(suo)題(ti)。趙(zhao)在(zai)題(ti)字(zi)之(zhi)余，還題(ti)詩(shi)一首(shou)：“南朝古寺惠(hui)(hui)山前，裹名(ming)(ming)來尋第二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。貪戀君思當(dang)北去(qu)，野花啼鳥漫留(liu)連(lian)。”
明朝，二(er)泉更成了詩(shi)人(ren)墨客(ke)、達官貴(gui)人(ren)品茗(ming)游玩(wan)，題詠(yong)不(bu)絕的地(di)方。特別是明初聽松(song)庵的高(gao)僧性(xing)海，請湖州竹(zhu)工做了個天(tian)圓(yuan)地(di)方，形成乾坤壺的竹(zhu)爐(lu)，以(yi)二(er)泉水煮茗(ming)待客(ke)。著名(ming)畫(hua)家王紱于洪(hong)武廿八(ba)年（公(gong)元1395年）為(wei)竹(zhu)爐(lu)作畫(hua)，并有詩(shi)云：“寒齋夜不(bu)眠，淪(lun)茗(ming)坐爐(lu)邊；伙火煨山(shan)栗(li)，敲冰汲澗泉，瓦鐺(dang)翻(fan)白云，竹(zhu)牖出(chu)青煙(yan)；一啜鳳生(sheng)腑，俄警骨已仙！”足見其(qi)傾倒之情。著名(ming)畫(hua)家文徵(zhi)明，在明正德(de)十三(san)年（公(gong)元1518年）二(er)月十九日清明節，
與友(you)人茶會(hui)于惠山，興會(hui)所致揮毫作了(le)《惠山茶會(hui)圖》，設色紙本，再現了(le)詩人、畫家竹(zhu)爐煮茗，茅亭小憩(qi)的情(qing)景，這一珍貴(gui)畫卷，珍藏故(gu)宮博物院。
水質
惠山泉水(shui)(shui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)山水(shui)(shui)，即通過(guo)巖層(ceng)裂隙過(guo)濾了流淌(tang)的(de)地(di)下水(shui)(shui)，因此其(qi)含(han)雜質(zhi)(zhi)極微，"味甘"而(er)(er)"質(zhi)(zhi)輕"，宜(yi)以(yi)"煎(jian)茶為(wei)(wei)(wei)上"。清乾隆皇帝計(ji)量(liang)各(ge)地(di)名泉，量(liang)得惠山泉水(shui)(shui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)每量(liang)斗重一兩零四厘，僅(jin)比北(bei)京玉泉水(shui)(shui)稍重略微。近年(nian)來經(jing)多次化驗，知惠山泉水(shui)(shui)所含(han)礦物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)有(you)鈣、鎂、碳(tan)酸鹽等及微量(liang)氡氣，表面(mian)張力大，水(shui)(shui)高出杯口數(shu)毫米而(er)(er)不溢，水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)清澈透明而(er)(er)無任何有(you)害(hai)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)，與世界衛生組織及美、日等國家的(de)飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)相比較，確系當今世界飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)中之佼佼者。
“異”與“癖”
由于惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)"上好"，所以古代(dai)許多茶(cha)(cha)葉專家紛紛前來品嘗研討。華(hua)淑在《二(er)泉(quan)(quan)記略》中就總(zong)結了(le)(le)惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)的"三(san)(san)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)"與"三(san)(san)癖(pi)"："泉(quan)(quan)有三(san)(san)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，兩池共亭，圓池甘美，絕(jue)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)方池，一(yi)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；一(yi)鏡澄澈(che)，旱潦自如，二(er)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；澗泉(quan)(quan)清寒，多至伐性(xing)，此則甘芳溫(wen)潤(run)，大(da)益靈府，三(san)(san)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。更有三(san)(san)癖(pi)，沸須瓦缶炭(tan)火，次銅錫器(qi)，若(ruo)入鍋熾薪(xin)，便(bian)不堪啜，一(yi)癖(pi)；酒鄉茗碗，為(wei)功斯大(da)，以炊飲(yin)作(zuo)糜(mi)，反遜井泉(quan)(quan)，二(er)癖(pi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；木器(qi)止用暫汲，經(jing)時則味敗，入盆盎久而不變，三(san)(san)癖(pi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。"這"三(san)(san)異(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)癖(pi)"，實際上是具(ju)體細(xi)致地(di)分析總(zong)結了(le)(le)惠山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)水(shui)的特色和煮茶(cha)(cha)的禁(jin)忌。
評價
歷代(dai)名(ming)流對惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)均有很高評價(jia)，褒(bao)獎惟(wei)恐不(bu)(bu)及。其中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)乏為惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)屈(qu)居(ju)第二泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)而鳴不(bu)(bu)平(ping)之作(zuo)。劉(liu)遠的(de)《惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)》有一(yi)(yi)詩："靈脈發山(shan)根，涓涓才一(yi)(yi)滴。寶劍(jian)護深源，蒼(cang)珉(min)環甃壁(bi)。鑒形(xing)須眉分，當(dang)暑挹寒冽。一(yi)(yi)酌舉(ju)瓢空(kong)，過齒如(ru)激雪。不(bu)(bu)異醴泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)甘，宛(wan)同神瀵潔。快飲(yin)可(ke)洗胸，所惜姑濯(zhuo)熱(re)。品(pin)第冠寰(huan)中(zhong)(zhong)，名(ming)色固已(yi)揭(jie)。世無(wu)陸子知(zhi)，淄(zi)澠(min)誰與(yu)別。"明代(dai)有位鎮江知(zhi)府，盡管被譽為天(tian)下(xia)(xia)第一(yi)(yi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)泠(ling)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)就在他的(de)轄區之內(nei)，但他還(huan)是認為第一(yi)(yi)的(de)桂冠應(ying)該(gai)讓給惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。詩人王世貞(zhen)也吟出："一(yi)(yi)勺清泠(ling)下(xia)(xia)九咽，分明仙掌(zhang)露(lu)珠圓；空(kong)勞陸羽輕(qing)題品(pin)，天(tian)下(xia)(xia)誰當(dang)第一(yi)(yi)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)？"公元(yuan)1751年，乾隆皇(huang)帝南巡，經無(wu)錫品(pin)嘗了惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)后，援筆(bi)題詩，內(nei)中(zhong)(zhong)也有"中(zhong)(zhong)泠(ling)江眼固應(ying)讓"之句，說(shuo)明惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水確實為天(tian)下(xia)(xia)稀珍之物，宜茶之水。
景觀
二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)上有(you)景徽堂，在(zai)(zai)(zai)此可(ke)品嘗二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)水烹(peng)煮的香茗，并欣賞泉(quan)(quan)周(zhou)圍的美妙景致(zhi)。從(cong)二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)北上有(you)竹(zhu)爐山(shan)房(fang)、秋雨(yu)堂、隔紅塵廊、云起樓等古建筑(zhu)。聽(ting)松(song)堂也(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)附近。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)內置一古銅(tong)色巨石，稱為石床，光可(ke)鑒人，可(ke)以偃臥。石床一端鐫刻"聽(ting)松(song)"二(er)(er)字，為唐代書(shu)法家(jia)李陽冰所(suo)書(shu)。皮(pi)日休(xiu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)此聽(ting)過松(song)濤，留(liu)有(you)詩句(ju)："殿(dian)前(qian)日暮高風起，松(song)子聲聲打(da)石床。"從(cong)二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)登(deng)山(shan)可(ke)達惠山(shan)山(shan)頂，縱眺(tiao)太湖風景，歷(li)歷(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)目(mu)。
藝術成果
惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)不僅水甘美(mei)、茶情(qing)佳，而且還孕育了(le)一(yi)位(wei)我國(guo)(guo)優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)藝術(shu)(shu)家阿炳和(he)蜚聲海內外的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)曲《二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)映(ying)月(yue)(yue)》。"甃石封苔百尺深，試茶嘗味(wei)少(shao)知音。惟(wei)余(yu)半夜(ye)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)月(yue)(yue)，留照先(xian)生一(yi)片心。"宋(song)代文人(ren)(ren)已經寫出(chu)了(le)鐘情(qing)"半夜(ye)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)月(yue)(yue)"的(de)(de)(de)詩句。到(dao)(dao)了(le)清(qing)(qing)朝(chao)光(guang)緒年間(jian)，無錫(xi)雷(lei)遵殿道觀(guan)出(chu)了(le)個(ge)小(xiao)道士，名(ming)字叫阿炳，原名(ming)華彥(yan)鈞。阿炳青年時雙眼因目疾而先(xian)后(hou)失(shi)明(ming)。他(ta)從小(xiao)就酷(ku)愛音樂(le)，在(zai)其父道士華清(qing)(qing)和(he)的(de)(de)(de)傳授(shou)下，二(er)(er)胡(hu)演奏(zou)技藝漸臻圓熟(shu)精深，最后(hou)達到(dao)(dao)深高造(zao)詣(yi)，以(yi)致無錫(xi)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)們譽他(ta)為"小(xiao)天師"。他(ta)常在(zai)夜(ye)深人(ren)(ren)靜(jing)之時，摸(mo)到(dao)(dao)惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)畔(pan)，聆聽(ting)那丁冬泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)聲，手掬清(qing)(qing)涼的(de)(de)(de)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水，神接皎潔的(de)(de)(de)月(yue)(yue)光(guang)，幻想著(zhu)人(ren)(ren)間(jian)能有(you)(you)(you)自(zi)由幸(xing)福的(de)(de)(de)生活。他(ta)用(yong)二(er)(er)胡(hu)的(de)(de)(de)音律抒發內心的(de)(de)(de)憂憤(fen)和(he)人(ren)(ren)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)疾苦，祈盼(pan)光(guang)明(ming)幸(xing)福的(de)(de)(de)降臨，作(zuo)出(chu)了(le)許多二(er)(er)胡(hu)演奏(zou)曲，其中(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)惠(hui)山(shan)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)為素材的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)曲《二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)映(ying)月(yue)(yue)》最膾炙人(ren)(ren)口。此曲節(jie)奏(zou)明(ming)快鮮(xian)明(ming)，旋律清(qing)(qing)越動人(ren)(ren)。二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)孕育的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)曲《二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)映(ying)月(yue)(yue)》，它(ta)和(he)名(ming)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)一(yi)樣清(qing)(qing)新流暢(chang)，發人(ren)(ren)幽思，催人(ren)(ren)奮進。人(ren)(ren)們為紀念這位(wei)著(zhu)名(ming)民間(jian)音樂(le)藝術(shu)(shu)家，1984年在(zai)二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)重建了(le)華彥(yan)鈞之墓(mu)。 從二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)北上，還有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)代竹(zhu)爐(lu)山(shan)房、秋雨堂、云起(qi)樓等。秋雨堂結(jie)構(gou)精巧，陳設古雅，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)電影《家》曾取景于此。聽(ting)松亭(ting)(ting)(ting)也(ye)在(zai)二(er)(er)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)附(fu)近。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)內有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)方古銅色巨石，平坦光(guang)滑(hua)，可橫(heng)臥一(yi)人(ren)(ren)，稱“石床(chuang)”。一(yi)端鐫有(you)(you)(you)“聽(ting)松”二(er)(er)字，是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)唐(tang)代書(shu)法(fa)家李陽冰所書(shu)。
歲月靜好 
