芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

“桐柏(bo)(bo)香(xiang)(xiang)椿”產自南陽桐柏(bo)(bo)，葉厚芽嫩，綠葉紅(hong)邊(bian)，色如瑪瑙，香(xiang)(xiang)味濃(nong)郁，營養豐富，被譽(yu)為“山中珍品”。香(xiang)(xiang)椿是桐柏(bo)(bo)的(de)(de)(de)鄉土(tu)樹種，當地在(zai)漢代即開始廣泛(fan)種植，香(xiang)(xiang)椿在(zai)可(ke)供(gong)食用的(de)(de)(de)同時，也是園林綠化(hua)和保持(chi)水(shui)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)優良樹種，具有良好的(de)(de)(de)生態效(xiao)益(yi)、經濟效(xiao)益(yi)和社會效(xiao)益(yi)，現已成為老區農民增(zeng)收致富的(de)(de)(de)新渠道(dao)。

桐柏縣位于千里淮(huai)河之源，桐柏山腹地，是我國南北(bei)氣候過渡(du)帶，具有得天獨厚(hou)的(de)生態優勢和自然條件，適宜發展(zhan)香(xiang)椿(chun)種(zhong)植(zhi)。近年來(lai)，隨(sui)著(zhu)市場需求的(de)不(bu)斷加(jia)大(da)，作為高(gao)效特(te)色(se)經濟作物,香(xiang)椿(chun)得到(dao)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)保護和開發，栽培水平和加(jia)工工藝不(bu)斷提升(sheng)，種(zhong)植(zhi)規模不(bu)斷擴大(da)。該縣由(you)淮(huai)源生態香(xiang)椿(chun)產業(ye)協會牽頭，對香(xiang)椿(chun)實(shi)施了標(biao)準化種(zhong)植(zhi)，產業(ye)化加(jia)工，品牌化經營，已(yi)開發出“香(xiang)椿(chun)茶(cha)”、“香(xiang)椿(chun)醬”等特(te)色(se)產品熱銷北(bei)京、上海、山東等多個省市。目前，該縣已(yi)建成500畝(mu)以(yi)上標(biao)準化基地7個，發展(zhan)香(xiang)椿(chun)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積11000余畝(mu)，年產值達5000多萬元，帶動3000多名老(lao)區貧困農民實(shi)現脫貧致(zhi)富。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌情況：斜貫全(quan)境的(de)(de)桐柏(bo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)構成全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)地(di)貌的(de)(de)骨(gu)架，主(zhu)脈沿線山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高谷深，溝(gou)窄坡(po)(po)陡，主(zhu)峰太白頂海拔1140m，雄偉壯觀。余(yu)脈伸至中(zhong)(zhong)部、北(bei)部和東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部，呈指狀放射，形成大(da)(da)面積淺(qian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和丘(qiu)(qiu)陵，800多個(ge)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)嶺，700多條(tiao)(tiao)崗(gang)(gang)丘(qiu)(qiu)相(xiang)接(jie)相(xiang)連遍布(bu)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)。地(di)勢(shi)東(dong)(dong)南較高，中(zhong)(zhong)部突起，東(dong)(dong)西兩側漸低，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、崗(gang)(gang)、丘(qiu)(qiu)、平交錯分(fen)(fen)布(bu)，平均海拔500m左右，素有(you)(you)(you)“七山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)一水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)二分(fen)(fen)田”之稱。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)3個(ge)土(tu)(tu)類(lei)，9個(ge)亞(ya)類(lei)，18個(ge)土(tu)(tu)屬(shu)(shu)，74個(ge)土(tu)(tu)種。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)黃(huang)(huang)棕壤面積最(zui)大(da)(da)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在低山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)(qiu)陵、緩(huan)崗(gang)(gang)，占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)土(tu)(tu)壤面積的(de)(de)82.8%，是(shi)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)林業(ye)土(tu)(tu)壤。成土(tu)(tu)母(mu)巖為(wei)花崗(gang)(gang)巖、片麻巖，包(bao)括黃(huang)(huang)棕壤、黃(huang)(huang)褐土(tu)(tu)和粗(cu)骨(gu)性黃(huang)(huang)棕壤、粗(cu)骨(gu)性黃(huang)(huang)褐土(tu)(tu)4個(ge)亞(ya)類(lei)；潮土(tu)(tu)類(lei)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在三(san)夾河(he)(he)、淮(huai)河(he)(he)及其(qi)(qi)支流(liu)(liu)沿岸，占總(zong)(zong) 面積的(de)(de)3.32%；水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)間盆地(di)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)兩岸洼地(di)，占總(zong)(zong)面積的(de)(de)13.87%，是(shi)種植業(ye)土(tu)(tu)壤的(de)(de)主(zhu)體。 （2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況：桐柏(bo)縣(xian)(xian)分(fen)(fen)屬(shu)(shu)淮(huai)河(he)(he)、長(chang)江(jiang)兩大(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)淮(huai)源鎮(zhen)固廟(miao)村(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)西嶺和大(da)(da)河(he)(he)鎮(zhen)土(tu)(tu)門村(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)新坡(po)(po)嶺一線為(wei)分(fen)(fen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)嶺，以(yi)(yi)(yi)東(dong)(dong)屬(shu)(shu)淮(huai)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)，面積1320km2，以(yi)(yi)(yi)西屬(shu)(shu)長(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)，面積621km2。縣(xian)(xian)內(nei)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)交錯，澗溪密布(bu)，共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)小河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)58條(tiao)(tiao)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)淮(huai)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)32條(tiao)(tiao)，長(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域(yu)26條(tiao)(tiao)。流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面積在100km2以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)9條(tiao)(tiao)，屬(shu)(shu)于淮(huai)河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)的(de)(de)5條(tiao)(tiao)，屬(shu)(shu)于長(chang)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)的(de)(de)4條(tiao)(tiao)。縣(xian)(xian)內(nei)共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)小型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫79座，總(zong)(zong)庫容(rong)量(liang)11508萬m3。庫容(rong)量(liang)大(da)(da)于1000萬m3的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫有(you)(you)(you)趙莊水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、二郎山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫，另有(you)(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電灌站60余(yu)處。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)地(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)總(zong)(zong)量(liang)年(nian)(nian)均7.56億(yi)m3，地(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)約(yue)0.5億(yi)m3，地(di)表(biao)徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)可利用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)約(yue)2.6億(yi)m3，現狀利用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)約(yue)1.8億(yi)m3，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源較為(wei)豐富，灌溉條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)良好(hao)。 （3）氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況：桐柏(bo)縣(xian)(xian)地(di)處北(bei)亞(ya)熱(re)帶(dai)北(bei)部邊緣，屬(shu)(shu)季(ji)風型(xing)大(da)(da)陸性半濕(shi)潤(run)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)，兼有(you)(you)(you)亞(ya)熱(re)帶(dai)和暖(nuan)溫(wen)帶(dai)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)特點，四季(ji)分(fen)(fen)明，溫(wen)暖(nuan)濕(shi)潤(run)，雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)適中(zhong)(zhong)。年(nian)(nian)平均日照(zhao)時(shi)數2027小時(shi)，年(nian)(nian)均太陽總(zong)(zong)輻射量(liang)112.06千卡/cm2，光(guang)合有(you)(you)(you)效輻射54.91千卡/cm2。年(nian)(nian)平均氣(qi)溫(wen)15℃，≥10℃的(de)(de)活動積溫(wen)4811℃，無霜期211--231天，年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)933--1181mm，年(nian)(nian)均相(xiang)對(dui)濕(shi)度74%，對(dui)林木生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)十分(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)(you)利。橫貫東(dong)(dong)西的(de)(de)桐柏(bo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)，野生(sheng)(sheng)香椿(chun)數不勝數。

三.地域范圍

全縣以淺(qian)山(shan)、丘陵(ling)為(wei)主，地(di)(di)處東經113°00′--113°49′，北(bei)(bei)緯32°17′--32°43′之(zhi)間，東西長約(yue)76.1km，南(nan)北(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)約(yue)49.3km，土(tu)地(di)(di)總面(mian)積1915km2。東與信陽(yang)市(shi)平(ping)橋區接(jie)壤(rang)，西同南(nan)陽(yang)市(shi)唐河縣相連，北(bei)(bei)和(he)駐馬店的泌陽(yang)、確山(shan)為(wei)鄰(lin)，南(nan)與湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)省的棗(zao)陽(yang)、隨州交界。桐柏香椿（Toona sinensis）地(di)(di)域保護范圍包括回龍(long)、淮源鎮等14個鄉鎮（園區），33個行(xing)政村(cun)，保護區域面(mian)積10.029萬(wan)畝，年產量1.25萬(wan)噸。

四.產品品質特性特征

（1）外在感官(guan)特征：“桐柏香(xiang)椿(chun)”芽(ya)肥葉厚，色澤紫紅，香(xiang)脆(cui)可(ke)口，氣味濃(nong)郁。 （2）內(nei)在品(pin)質(zhi)指(zhi)標：據農(nong)業部(bu)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量監督(du)檢(jian)(jian)驗測(ce)試中(zhong)心(xin)（鄭州）等(deng)單位對桐柏香(xiang)椿(chun)的檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)結果(guo)顯示：含蛋白(bai)質(zhi)7.05--7.08g/100g，維生(sheng)(sheng)素B10.0286--0.0326mg/100g、維生(sheng)(sheng)素C38.2--38.6mg/100g、鉀5.05--5.56*103mg/kg、鈉(na)6.3--6.8mg/kg。 （3）安(an)全(quan)要求(qiu)：產(chan)地環(huan)境(jing)必須符(fu)合《無公害農(nong)產(chan)品(pin) 種植(zhi)業產(chan)地環(huan)境(jing)條件》（NY T 5010-2016）標準，禁(jin)止使用(yong)未依法登(deng)記(ji)和國家明令禁(jin)止使用(yong)的農(nong)業投入(ru)品(pin)，推行標準化生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，切實保障香(xiang)椿(chun)質(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)。

五.特定生產方式

本部分(fen)(fen)(fen)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)表(biao)述影響登記(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)、特(te)色(se)形(xing)成和保(bao)持(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)定(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)： （1）產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)選擇與(yu)特(te)殊(shu)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)規定(ding)：對土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)并不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)嚴格，除(chu)(chu)過酸或過堿的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)以(yi)(yi)外，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)都能(neng)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)光照不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)、易旱(han)易漬的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽種(zhong)(zhong)。選擇遠離污染源并具有可(ke)(ke)持(chi)續(xu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)域，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)境條件(jian)符合(he)(he)(he)《無公害(hai)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin) 種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)境條件(jian)》（NY T 5010-2016）標準(zhun)，以(yi)(yi)沙質(zhi)(zhi)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)和含腐植(zhi)質(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)最好，尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)勢(shi)平坦、陽光充(chong)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)、質(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)疏松、便(bian)(bian)于排灌的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)更有利于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。香(xiang)椿(chun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)準(zhun)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)廢棄物(wu)、城(cheng)市垃圾和污泥；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)未經發(fa)酵(jiao)腐熟(shu)、未達到無害(hai)化(hua)(hua)指標的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)畜(chu)糞便(bian)(bian)等(deng)(deng)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)，防(fang)(fang)止污染產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)境。 （2）品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選擇與(yu)特(te)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：桐(tong)柏香(xiang)椿(chun)主栽品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)為“桐(tong)柏紅油椿(chun)”植(zhi)株(zhu)高約90--150cm左右(you)(you)，雌雄異株(zhu)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)呈(cheng)偶數(shu)羽狀復葉(xie)(xie)(xie)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)幼(you)嫩(nen)(nen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)紅褐(he)色(se)，具有濃郁香(xiang)味，圓錐花(hua)序(xu)，兩(liang)性花(hua)白(bai)色(se)，果實是(shi)(shi)(shi)橢圓形(xing)蒴果，翅狀種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)繁殖(zhi)(zhi)。具有適應(ying)性強、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)高，抗旱(han)、抗澇、抗風、抗病蟲(chong)能(neng)力(li)強等(deng)(deng)特(te)點(dian)。 （3）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)：桐(tong)柏香(xiang)椿(chun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)包括整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)、繁殖(zhi)(zhi)、田(tian)間(jian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、病蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)收獲等(deng)(deng)步(bu)驟。具體如下(xia)(xia)： ①整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di) 整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)要(yao)(yao)(yao)深(shen)耕(geng)、耙(pa)平、作(zuo)(zuo)畦(qi)。于當年(nian)(nian)春(chun)季3月(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)--4月(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)旬(xun)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)應(ying)作(zuo)(zuo)成0.5m--1m寬(kuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)畦(qi)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)好排灌水(shui)溝(gou)(gou)，便(bian)(bian)于排灌。 ②繁殖(zhi)(zhi) 香(xiang)椿(chun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)繁殖(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)播種(zhong)(zhong)繁殖(zhi)(zhi)和矮(ai)化(hua)(hua)密(mi)植(zhi)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)。 播種(zhong)(zhong)栽培(pei)(pei)：播種(zhong)(zhong)繁殖(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)由(you)于香(xiang)椿(chun)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)發(fa)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)率較低，播種(zhong)(zhong)前，要(yao)(yao)(yao)將種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)30--35℃溫(wen)水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)浸泡24小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，撈起后(hou)，置(zhi)于25℃環(huan)(huan)境催芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。至胚根(gen)露(lu)出米粒(li)大(da)(da)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)播種(zhong)(zhong)(播種(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)溫(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)5℃以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang))一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)在(zai)(zai)(zai)3月(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)。出苗(miao)(miao)后(hou)，2--3片(pian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)苗(miao)(miao)，4--5片(pian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)定(ding)苗(miao)(miao)，株(zhu)行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)為60x80cm。 矮(ai)化(hua)(hua)密(mi)植(zhi)栽培(pei)(pei)：這是(shi)(shi)(shi)近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)栽培(pei)(pei)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)育苗(miao)(miao)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)與(yu)普(pu)通裁培(pei)(pei)相同(tong)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)每(mei)666．7m2栽植(zhi)1300株(zhu)左右(you)(you)。樹(shu)型可(ke)(ke)按照叢生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)型培(pei)(pei)養(yang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)高1m左右(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)即去(qu)頂(ding)梢，新發(fa)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)只(zhi)采(cai)嫩(nen)(nen)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)去(qu)頂(ding)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，待(dai)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)20--30cm時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)再抹頭。特(te)點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)樹(shu)干(gan)較矮(ai)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較多(duo)。 ③田(tian)間(jian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li) 間(jian)苗(miao)(miao)補苗(miao)(miao)：為了獲得(de)高產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，田(tian)間(jian)留苗(miao)(miao)必須保(bao)持(chi)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)度(du)。密(mi)度(du)過大(da)(da)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)部葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)易脫(tuo)落；密(mi)度(du)過小(xiao)，基(ji)本苗(miao)(miao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)受到限制。因(yin)此(ci)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)做好勻密(mi)補稀(xi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)每(mei)畝留苗(miao)(miao)1300株(zhu)，株(zhu)行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)為60x80cm。 中(zhong)(zhong)耕(geng)除(chu)(chu)草(cao)：早春(chun)氣溫(wen)較低，雜(za)草(cao)發(fa)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，應(ying)抓住有利墑情(qing)，淺(qian)中(zhong)(zhong)耕(geng)除(chu)(chu)草(cao)2次(ci)(ci)--3次(ci)(ci)。近根(gen)部宜(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)淺(qian)鋤，行(xing)(xing)間(jian)可(ke)(ke)略深(shen)些(xie)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)傷(shang)及(ji)干(gan)根(gen)。通過中(zhong)(zhong)耕(geng)除(chu)(chu)草(cao)，減(jian)少土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)水(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)、養(yang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)消耗(hao)，提高土(tu)(tu)(tu)溫(wen)，改善(shan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)通氣 條件(jian)，促進(jin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。頭茬香(xiang)椿(chun)收獲后(hou)，淺(qian)鋤1遍，清除(chu)(chu)雜(za)草(cao)，利于香(xiang)椿(chun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。 施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)：基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)：每(mei)畝用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)腐熟(shu)細碎的(de)(de)(de)(de)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)500kg，或三(san)元(yuan)復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)20kg開(kai)(kai)(kai)穴(xue)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入，使香(xiang)椿(chun)苗(miao)(miao)有足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)夠養(yang)料(liao)供應(ying)，健壯生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)：立夏前后(hou)，氣溫(wen)上(shang)(shang)(shang)升，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)速度(du)加快(kuai)，光合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)旺盛(sheng)，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)增(zeng)多(duo)，枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，應(ying)重施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，并要(yao)(yao)(yao)氮、磷、鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)配合(he)(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)畝用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)優質(zhi)(zhi)復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)25kg，雨(yu)前行(xing)(xing)間(jian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)穴(xue)或開(kai)(kai)(kai)溝(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入。化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)露(lu)水(shui)干(gan)后(hou)或雨(yu)前葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)無水(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，以(yi)(yi)防(fang)(fang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)粘到葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，灼傷(shang)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)片(pian)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)單純(chun)重施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮素化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，以(yi)(yi)防(fang)(fang)莖葉(xie)(xie)(xie)徒(tu)長(chang)(chang)，影響嫩(nen)(nen)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)。速效肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)嫩(nen)(nen)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)收獲前15--20d施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。 水(shui)份管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)：香(xiang)椿(chun)嫩(nen)(nen)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期需要(yao)(yao)(yao)充(chong)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)水(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，如遇天旱(han)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)干(gan)燥(zao)，嫩(nen)(nen)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)緩慢，須采(cai)取澆水(shui)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。澆水(shui)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)早、晚進(jin)行(xing)(xing)，做到無積水(shui)為宜(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。 摘心：植(zhi)株(zhu)稀(xi)疏，密(mi)度(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)份中(zhong)(zhong)午晴(qing)天摘去(qu)頂(ding)心，從頂(ding)上(shang)(shang)(shang)二層幼(you)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)摘去(qu)，并追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)1次(ci)(ci)速效化(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，促進(jin)新芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。 ④病蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：香(xiang)椿(chun)蟲(chong)害(hai)有香(xiang)椿(chun)毛蟲(chong)、云斑天牛(niu)、草(cao)履介殼蟲(chong)等(deng)(deng)，可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)滅幼(you)脲(niao)等(deng)(deng)農藥(yao)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)；病害(hai)有葉(xie)(xie)(xie)銹病、白(bai)粉病等(deng)(deng)，可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)波爾(er)多(duo)液(ye)、石硫合(he)(he)(he)劑等(deng)(deng)藥(yao)劑防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)貫徹預防(fang)(fang)為主、綜合(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)。 （4）產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)收獲及(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)后(hou)處(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)：選晴(qing)天上(shang)(shang)(shang)午10時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)前--下(xia)(xia)午3時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)采(cai)收。徒(tu)手掰下(xia)(xia)嫩(nen)(nen)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，15--20個嫩(nen)(nen)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)集中(zhong)(zhong)扎(zha)(zha)成小(xiao)把，捆扎(zha)(zha)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基(ji)部對齊(qi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)暴曬。忌雨(yu)淋和夜露(lu)，外加包裝貯運，放陰涼干(gan)燥(zao)處(chu)，防(fang)(fang)受潮發(fa)霉。 （5）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)整(zheng)(zheng)個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，設專人(ren)做好以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)記(ji)錄：生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)點(dian)、農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)名稱(cheng)(cheng)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)耕(geng)作(zuo)(zuo)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)名稱(cheng)(cheng)、方(fang)(fang)式(shi)、時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)(liang)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農藥(yao)名稱(cheng)(cheng)、方(fang)(fang)式(shi)、時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)量(liang)(liang)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)收獲、倉儲、銷(xiao)售等(deng)(deng)項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)日期、方(fang)(fang)式(shi)、數(shu)量(liang)(liang)等(deng)(deng)。