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一.產品介紹

簡介

菊(ju)(ju)花(hua)(hua)芯(xin)柚(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)實闊倒卵形(xing)，果(guo)(guo)形(xing)微(wei)偏(pian)微(wei)凹，果(guo)(guo)臍部有放射(she)狀(zhuang)溝紋，似菊(ju)(ju)花(hua)(hua)形(xing)而(er)得名(ming)。果(guo)(guo)肉(rou)深紅色(se)，紅晶透亮，肉(rou)質(zhi)脆嫩，風(feng)味濃美，化渣爽口，甜酸適口，營養豐富(fu)，耐貯(zhu)耐運，品質(zhi)優(you)良。自問世以來，一直被譽為柚(you)(you)中珍品，擁有天(tian)然“水果(guo)(guo)罐頭”之美稱。2007年度張(zhang)家(jia)界菊(ju)(ju)花(hua)(hua)芯(xin)柚(you)(you)榮獲全市柑桔(jie)鑒評“優(you)質(zhi)獎”。

形態特征

張家界菊花芯柚屬于蕓香科柚類，葉型長橢圓形，樹勢強健，常綠喬木，樹冠自然圓頭形，樹姿開張，花瓣肥厚呈白色，花大。總狀花序或穗狀花序，以無葉花序居多，經濟壽命100年左右。據測定：內含可溶性固形物10.5-11.6%;每100克果汁中含總糖7.86克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，還原(yuan)糖2.80克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，含(han)總酸0.68克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，含(han)維生(sheng)素C100.53毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke),含(han)鈣(gai)28.43毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，含(han)鐵(tie)0.092毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，含(han)鋅1.05毫克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。具有(you)降血(xue)壓、降血(xue)脂(zhi)、減血(xue)栓、助消化、止咳(ke)化痰、健脾、減肥(fei)美容(rong)等(deng)功效。

菊花芯柚屬于(yu)中(zhong)熟(shu)品種，11月下旬至(zhi)12上旬成熟(shu)采收(shou)上市，極耐貯運。果實采收(shou)后在常溫下貯藏(zang)210-260天仍可保持優良品質，無粒化，肉脆味(wei)美。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）地貌特征與土(tu)壤環(huan)境：永定區位于(yu)(yu)武陵山(shan)(shan)脈腹(fu)地，地貌以(yi)山(shan)(shan)丘為(wei)主，地勢(shi)是南(nan)、北部(bu)(bu)高往澧水(shui)(shui)流域傾斜，中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)低(di)(di)(di)洼。張家(jia)(jia)(jia)界(jie)菊花芯(xin)(xin)柚(you)(you)(you)主產區位于(yu)(yu)澧水(shui)(shui)流域海拔100m-300m之間低(di)(di)(di)丘、平(ping)原(yuan)地帶(dai)，土(tu)質(zhi)肥沃(wo)、透(tou)氣(qi)、保水(shui)(shui)、保肥，pH值(zhi)在4.5～8.0之間，有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)含(han)量11～70g/㎏，全氮0.85～2.90g/㎏，堿解氮55～280㎎/㎏，有(you)效磷7.5～120㎎/㎏，速效鉀35～320㎎/㎏，富含(han)多種礦物(wu)元素，結(jie)構(gou)疏松，是張家(jia)(jia)(jia)界(jie)菊花芯(xin)(xin)柚(you)(you)(you)生長(chang)的獨(du)特土(tu)壤條(tiao)件。 （2）氣(qi)候(hou)情況：產區屬(shu)中(zhong)亞熱帶(dai)山(shan)(shan)原(yuan)型季風濕潤氣(qi)候(hou)，溫(wen)(wen)度適宜，雨量充(chong)(chong)沛，日照充(chong)(chong)足，四季分明。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)16.8℃，1月平(ping)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)度≥4℃，絕對最低(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)度≥-3.5℃，≥10℃的年(nian)積溫(wen)(wen)4800℃以(yi)上(shang)，年(nian)降水(shui)(shui)量1400mm，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)日照1450 h以(yi)上(shang)，這種氣(qi)候(hou)環(huan)境非(fei)常(chang)適合張家(jia)(jia)(jia)界(jie)菊花芯(xin)(xin)柚(you)(you)(you)的生長(chang)。 （3）水(shui)(shui)文情況：永定區位于(yu)(yu)澧水(shui)(shui)河中(zhong)上(shang)游(you)，澧水(shui)(shui)流貫全境，全長(chang)91公(gong)里(li)。沿(yan)河兩岸有(you)許多蓄(xu)、引水(shui)(shui)工程，與大(da)小山(shan)(shan)塘(tang)、河壩(ba)、水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)渠道相通(tong)，柚(you)(you)(you)園內有(you)大(da)小蓄(xu)水(shui)(shui)池、引水(shui)(shui)渠（溝）相連，地下水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)良(liang)好，清澈透(tou)明，為(wei)張家(jia)(jia)(jia)界(jie)菊花芯(xin)(xin)柚(you)(you)(you)生產基地提供了十(shi)分有(you)利的灌溉條(tiao)件。

三.地域范圍

張家(jia)界菊花芯(xin)柚(you)農產品地理標(biao)志地域保護范圍(wei)包括(kuo)永定區(qu)西(xi)溪坪街道辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)、陽湖坪街道辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)、楓香崗街道辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)、后坪街道辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)、沙堤街道辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)、茅(mao)巖河鎮、新橋鎮、合作橋鄉(xiang)、尹家(jia)溪鎮、教字埡鎮、橋頭(tou)鄉(xiang)11個鄉(xiang)鎮街道辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)。地理坐標(biao)位于：東(dong)經110°17′00.0″-110°38′17.4″，北(bei)緯29°05′39.2″-29°12′22.1″。基地總生產面積1333.3公頃，年(nian)總產量30000噸。

四.產品品質特性特征

（1）外(wai)在感官特(te)征：張(zhang)家(jia)界菊(ju)花(hua)芯(xin)柚果(guo)實(shi)闊倒卵形(xing)(xing)，果(guo)頂(ding)微(wei)扁(bian)微(wei)凹，果(guo)臍部(bu)有放(fang)射狀溝紋，似菊(ju)花(hua)形(xing)(xing)，果(guo)面色(se)澤淡黃(huang)色(se)，較光滑，白皮層微(wei)帶紅暈(yun)，不易剝離(li)，囊瓣(ban)腎形(xing)(xing)。果(guo)肉淡紅，肉質(zhi)脆嫩化渣，甜酸可口，風味(wei)濃。 （2）內(nei)在品質(zhi)指標：可溶(rong)性固形(xing)(xing)物含量≥10.5 %，可滴定酸≤0.4g/100g，果(guo)肉含維生素C≥25.0mg/100g。 （3）安全要(yao)求：符合GB2762和GB2763等規定。

五.特定生產方式

（1）產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)選擇(ze)(ze)與要(yao)(yao)求(qiu) 張家(jia)(jia)界菊(ju)花(hua)芯柚(you)(you)(you)基地(di)(di)(di)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)遠離工(gong)廠、村莊和(he)住(zhu)宅區，附近(jin)沒有(you)污染源(yuan)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)澧(li)水(shui)(shui)流域海拔100m-300m之間低(di)丘、平(ping)原地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)，坡度控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)25°以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，土(tu)(tu)壤要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)為(wei)河(he)流沖積沙壤土(tu)(tu)，pH值6.5—7.5，地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)位離地(di)(di)(di)面1m以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)環境(jing)質量(liang)符合(he)NY/391－2013綠(lv)色食品(pin)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)環境(jing)條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 （2）砧木(mu)(mu)、接(jie)穗(sui)選擇(ze)(ze)與栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)特定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu) 適(shi)宜張家(jia)(jia)界菊(ju)花(hua)芯柚(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)砧木(mu)(mu)有(you)枳(zhi)(zhi)砧和(he)酸(suan)柚(you)(you)(you)，接(jie)穗(sui)來源(yuan)張家(jia)(jia)界菊(ju)花(hua)芯柚(you)(you)(you)原種(zhong)(zhong)園(yuan)，苗木(mu)(mu)質量(liang)按(an)GB/T9659《柑桔嫁(jia)接(jie)苗分(fen)級(ji)(ji)及(ji)(ji)檢(jian)驗》執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，提(ti)倡栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)脫毒(du)容(rong)器苗。容(rong)器苗可全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)，裸根苗栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)10月(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)～11月(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)旬(xun)(xun)秋梢(shao)老熟(shu)后或(huo)2月(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)旬(xun)(xun)～3月(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)春梢(shao)萌(meng)芽前(qian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)密(mi)度枳(zhi)(zhi)砧嫁(jia)接(jie)苗平(ping)地(di)(di)(di)每(mei)畝(mu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)44株(zhu)(zhu)﹙5m×3m﹚，坡地(di)(di)(di)每(mei)畝(mu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)55株(zhu)(zhu)﹙4m×3m﹚；酸(suan)柚(you)(you)(you)砧嫁(jia)苗平(ping)地(di)(di)(di)每(mei)畝(mu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)33株(zhu)(zhu)﹙5m×4m﹚；坡地(di)(di)(di)每(mei)畝(mu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)42株(zhu)(zhu)﹙4m×4m﹚。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)掉根系(xi)彎曲部分(fen)，舒(shu)展根系(xi)，再(zai)放(fang)入(ru)定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部，邊培(pei)(pei)土(tu)(tu)邊向上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)輕(qing)提(ti)，使(shi)(shi)根系(xi)充(chong)分(fen)與定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)壤結(jie)合(he)，并(bing)扶正、踏緊，使(shi)(shi)根頸(jing)部應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)稍高于(yu)地(di)(di)(di)面，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)柚(you)(you)(you)子(zi)苗基部形成(cheng)直(zhi)徑100cm左(zuo)右樹(shu)(shu)(shu)盤(pan)(pan)，灌(guan)(guan)足定(ding)(ding)(ding)根水(shui)(shui)。用(yong)(yong)安江糯米柚(you)(you)(you)作授(shou)粉(fen)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)，按(an)10：1的(de)(de)(de)比例(li)配(pei)置。 （3）栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)管理(li)(li) ①土(tu)(tu)壤管理(li)(li) 間作或(huo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)：柚(you)(you)(you)園(yuan)提(ti)倡生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)，草(cao)的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)葉草(cao)、黑(hei)麥草(cao)等(deng)(deng)為(wei)宜；幼(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)間作花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、黃(huang)豆、西瓜、蔬(shu)菜等(deng)(deng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)作物(wu)(wu)。草(cao)類或(huo)間作物(wu)(wu)要(yao)(yao)適(shi)時(shi)刈割翻埋于(yu)土(tu)(tu)壤中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)覆(fu)蓋于(yu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)盤(pan)(pan)。 覆(fu)蓋與培(pei)(pei)土(tu)(tu)：封行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)前(qian)于(yu)每(mei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)盤(pan)(pan)覆(fu)蓋，用(yong)(yong)雜(za)草(cao)、稻(dao)草(cao)、作物(wu)(wu)莖桿(gan)將樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)土(tu)(tu)壤蓋上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)；高溫(wen)或(huo)干旱季(ji)(ji)節，提(ti)倡樹(shu)(shu)(shu)盤(pan)(pan)內用(yong)(yong)秸桿(gan)覆(fu)蓋，厚(hou)度10～15cm，覆(fu)蓋物(wu)(wu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)與根莖保(bao)(bao)持10cm左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)距(ju)離。培(pei)(pei)土(tu)(tu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)冬季(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕松土(tu)(tu)后進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。 ②施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥 在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)每(mei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)梢(shao)抽前(qian)10d—15d及(ji)(ji)抽梢(shao)后10d—15d各進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)壤施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥1—2次(ci)(ci)(ci)，頂芽自剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)至新(xin)梢(shao)轉綠(lv)前(qian)結(jie)合(he)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)防治(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)葉面追肥1—2次(ci)(ci)(ci)。土(tu)(tu)壤施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)環狀溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)、條(tiao)溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)、穴(xue)施(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)土(tu)(tu)面撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)(deng)方(fang)法。溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)滴水(shui)(shui)外圍處(chu)(chu)(chu)，挖穴(xue)長(chang)50cm×寬20cm×深10cm，東西、南北對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)輪換(huan)位置。下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)雨(yu)或(huo)灌(guan)(guan)溉后可在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)土(tu)(tu)面撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素，提(ti)倡水(shui)(shui)肥一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)。 ③整(zheng)(zheng)形修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian) 整(zheng)(zheng)形：采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)自然開(kai)心形，主(zhu)(zhu)干高50～60cm，選留(liu)(liu)(liu)4～5個(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間距(ju)50～60cm，各主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)配(pei)置副主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)3～5個(ge)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)高控制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)3m以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。 幼(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)（1～4年(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)）修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)宜輕(qing)。對(dui)(dui)選定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心干和(he)各主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、副主(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、延(yan)長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)適(shi)度短截，對(dui)(dui)過密(mi)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)群和(he)擾亂樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形的(de)(de)(de)交叉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、重(zhong)疊枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)作適(shi)當疏(shu)(shu)(shu)刪或(huo)短截，其它枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)均可不修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，內膛枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)部較(jiao)弱的(de)(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)均應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)。 初結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)（5～10年(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)）修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian):以(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)刪修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。重(zhong)點是控制(zhi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)頂部，對(dui)(dui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)頂部和(he)外圍過密(mi)的(de)(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)群，按(an)“三(san)去(qu)一(yi)(yi)、五去(qu)二”的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法，將直(zhi)立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、長(chang)勢強的(de)(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)密(mi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)衰弱的(de)(de)(de)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)去(qu)，保(bao)(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)長(chang)勢中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian):短截與疏(shu)(shu)(shu)刪修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相結(jie)合(he)。及(ji)(ji)時(shi)回縮結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組、落(luo)(luo)花(hua)落(luo)(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組和(he)衰退枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)枯(ku)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)擁擠的(de)(de)(de)骨干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適(shi)當疏(shu)(shu)(shu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)開(kai)“側(ce)(ce)窗”，將光線引入(ru)內膛。當年(nian)(nian)(nian)抽生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)較(jiao)多晚秋梢(shao)營養枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)抹除(chu)(chu)(chu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)免影(ying)響花(hua)芽分(fen)化(hua)，防止大(da)小年(nian)(nian)(nian)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。花(hua)量(liang)較(jiao)大(da)時(shi)適(shi)量(liang)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)花(hua)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，對(dui)(dui)部分(fen)長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)花(hua)序及(ji)(ji)時(shi)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)抹處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)。 ④花(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)管理(li)(li) 授(shou)粉(fen)：張家(jia)(jia)界菊(ju)花(hua)芯柚(you)(you)(you)自花(hua)結(jie)實(shi)率(lv)(lv)高，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)配(pei)置授(shou)粉(fen)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)(lv)更高，不需要(yao)(yao)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)授(shou)粉(fen)。 疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)定(ding)(ding)(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)：分(fen)2次(ci)(ci)(ci)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)旬(xun)(xun)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)第(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)6月(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)第(di)二次(ci)(ci)(ci)疏(shu)(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)(shu)(shu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、畸形果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、小果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)和(he)密(mi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。始(shi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)8—10個(ge)，盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)隨樹(shu)(shu)(shu)齡(ling)增長(chang)每(mei)株(zhu)(zhu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)50—150個(ge)。 套袋(dai)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)6月(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)旬(xun)(xun)選用(yong)(yong)單(dan)層專用(yong)(yong)袋(dai)套果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，于(yu)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)前(qian)20d摘袋(dai)。 ⑤病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害防治(zhi) 冬季(ji)(ji)清(qing)園(yuan)：幼(you)年(nian)(nian)(nian)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)11月(yue)(yue)底(di)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)冬季(ji)(ji)清(qing)園(yuan)，成(cheng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)采(cai)(cai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后15d進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)冬季(ji)(ji)清(qing)園(yuan)，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)除(chu)(chu)(chu)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)葉，撿拾(shi)落(luo)(luo)葉、落(luo)(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)銷(xiao)毀。于(yu)晴(qing)天選用(yong)(yong)45%結(jie)晶石(shi)硫合(he)劑300倍液對(dui)(dui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)(guan)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)噴施(shi)(shi)(shi)。 物(wu)(wu)理(li)(li)防治(zhi)：用(yong)(yong)黑(hei)光燈和(he)黃(huang)板(ban)引誘或(huo)驅避吸果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)夜蛾、金龜子(zi)、卷葉蛾、蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)、粉(fen)虱等(deng)(deng)害蟲(chong)(chong)；人(ren)(ren)工(gong)捕(bu)捉(zhuo)天牛、蚱蟬、金龜子(zi)等(deng)(deng)害蟲(chong)(chong)。 化(hua)學(xue)防治(zhi)：選擇(ze)(ze)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)低(di)毒(du)及(ji)(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)源(yuan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥、植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)源(yuan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥、礦物(wu)(wu)源(yuan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥，嚴格掌握安全(quan)間隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)前(qian)45d內不使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥。 （4）果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)及(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)后處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li) ①果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou) 鮮(xian)銷(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)正常成(cheng)熟(shu)，表現出(chu)本(ben)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)固有(you)的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)質特征（色澤、香、風味和(he)口感等(deng)(deng)）時(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)，貯藏果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)比鮮(xian)銷(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)宜早7～10d采(cai)(cai)收(shou)。用(yong)(yong)圓頭(tou)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)采(cai)(cai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)一(yi)(yi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)兩剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)蒂平(ping)齊，分(fen)批采(cai)(cai)摘，輕(qing)拿輕(qing)放(fang)。貯運工(gong)具(ju)必須清(qing)潔(jie)、干燥、無異味、無污染、防雨(yu)、防曬，嚴禁與有(you)毒(du)、有(you)害、易污染的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)混(hun)裝，混(hun)運。 ②商品(pin)化(hua)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li) 采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)洗或(huo)干洗的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)對(dui)(dui)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)清(qing)潔(jie)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，清(qing)洗用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)質量(liang)須符合(he)相關安全(quan)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)重(zhong)量(liang)為(wei)分(fen)級(ji)(ji)依據，共分(fen)五級(ji)(ji)：一(yi)(yi)級(ji)(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1800克以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、二級(ji)(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1600～1799克、三(san)級(ji)(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1400～1599克、四級(ji)(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1200～1399克、五級(ji)(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)1000～1199克。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)網(wang)袋(dai)或(huo)紙箱包裝。包裝物(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)標示品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)名(ming)稱(cheng)、等(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)、產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)編號等(deng)(deng)相關信息(xi)。 （5）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記錄(lu)(lu)：要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)整(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，設(she)專人(ren)(ren)做(zuo)好(hao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)記錄(lu)(lu)：生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)點、農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)稱(cheng)，土(tu)(tu)壤耕作，肥料種(zhong)(zhong)類、施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥方(fang)式(shi)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥時(shi)間、施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥量(liang)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥名(ming)稱(cheng)、方(fang)式(shi)、時(shi)間、施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)藥量(liang)，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)收(shou)獲、倉儲、銷(xiao)售等(deng)(deng)項(xiang)目的(de)(de)(de)日期(qi)(qi)(qi)、方(fang)式(shi)、數量(liang)等(deng)(deng)。建立詳(xiang)細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)投入(ru)品(pin)記錄(lu)(lu)、田管記錄(lu)(lu)、加工(gong)記錄(lu)(lu)、出(chu)入(ru)庫記錄(lu)(lu)、銷(xiao)售記錄(lu)(lu)等(deng)(deng)。

六.包裝(zhuang)標識相關規(gui)定

本規定地域(yu)范(fan)圍內的張家(jia)(jia)界(jie)菊(ju)花芯(xin)(xin)柚農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)經營者，在產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或(huo)包裝上使(shi)用(yong)(yong)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，須向(xiang)張家(jia)(jia)界(jie)市永定區(qu)經濟作(zuo)物管理站(zhan)提(ti)出申(shen)請，按(an)照(zhao)相(xiang)關要求規范(fan)生(sheng)產(chan)和使(shi)用(yong)(yong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，統(tong)一采用(yong)(yong)張家(jia)(jia)界(jie)菊(ju)花芯(xin)(xin)柚產(chan)品(pin)(pin)名稱(cheng)和農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)公共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識相(xiang)結合的標(biao)(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)注方法。