湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)返灣湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)國家(jia)濕地(di)公(gong)園位于湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)省潛江(jiang)市,面積(ji)1.16萬(wan)畝(mu),共有(you)植物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)類347種(zhong)、野(ye)生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)188種(zhong),還有(you)國際極危物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)青頭潛鴨、國家(jia)二(er)級保護野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)白琵鷺等種(zhong)類較多(duo)(duo)的保護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)。返灣湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)屬(shu)淺水(shui)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊型濕地(di)。核心面積(ji)800公(gong)頃,水(shui)面660公(gong)頃,有(you)樹木20多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)、草本植物(wu)(wu)10多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)。每年在此棲息(xi)、繁殖或經此遷徙的鳥類有(you)30多(duo)(duo)種(zhong),動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)達20萬(wan)只。湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)人(ren)文景觀(guan)和自然景觀(guan)奇(qi)特,有(you)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)心島,亭臺樓閣眾多(duo)(duo),形成湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)中(zhong)有(you)島,島中(zhong)有(you)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的自然景觀(guan)。
返灣湖有(you)一(yi)個美麗(li)而(er)(er)凄慘的傳(chuan)說。返灣湖又名(ming)(ming)反王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)湖,因元末起(qi)義軍陳友諒兵敗于(yu)此而(er)(er)得名(ming)(ming)。明嘉靖年間民(min)間選(xuan)妃時,反王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)湖蔣(jiang)氏(shi)住處與嘉靖所夢應證,遂應召(zhao)入宮(gong)。蔣(jiang)氏(shi)卻又因曾居(ju)住在反王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)湖惹怒龍顏被凌遲處死。當地百姓為了紀念(nian)她,將反王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)湖更名(ming)(ming)為返灣湖。
返灣(wan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)旅游風(feng)景區面(mian)積(ji)2萬(wan)(wan)余(yu)畝。其中較具特(te)色的(de)(de)(de)就是1萬(wan)(wan)余(yu)畝大湖(hu)(hu)(hu)天然(ran)水域。大湖(hu)(hu)(hu)中央有湖(hu)(hu)(hu)中園,擁有避暑(shu)水寨、芙蓉(rong)島、百鳥洲、接官(guan)廳、將軍亭、返灣(wan)亭、度假村(cun)等景點,四面(mian)環(huan)水,綠樹成蔭,水天一色,再加上(shang)那美(mei)麗動人的(de)(de)(de)蔣娘(niang)娘(niang)傳(chuan)說(shuo)和那素享(xiang)盛譽(yu)的(de)(de)(de)水鄉“六絕”佳肴(yao),荷(he)(he)花、荷(he)(he)葉、蓮(lian)藕等無污染(ran)的(de)(de)(de)水生蔬菜,鱖魚、青蝦、龜鱉經廚師烹(peng)制清香鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei),純正(zheng)天然(ran),令成千(qian)上(shang)萬(wan)(wan)的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)食愛好者流連忘返。人們紛至沓來,憑(ping)吊(diao)紅(hong)顏簿命的(de)(de)(de)蔣氏(shi)玉蓮(lian),祈求平(ping)安健康,避暑(shu)消夏,娛樂觀光,享(xiang)受大自然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)恩賜。“接天蓮(lian)葉無窮(qiong)碧,映(ying)日(ri)荷(he)(he)花別樣(yang)紅(hong)。”盛夏時節泛舟湖(hu)(hu)(hu)上(shang),碧波萬(wan)(wan)頃,清風(feng)陣陣;喜愛垂釣的(de)(de)(de)人們不(bu)顧旅途勞頓,垂涎于湖(hu)(hu)(hu)中鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)魚蝦,忘情于湖(hu)(hu)(hu)光水色,醉心于遠離塵囂(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)清幽與靜謐(mi)。
返灣湖(hu)(hu)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)風景區(qu)不僅是旅(lv)(lv)游(you)、度假、休閑的好去處,同時也(ye)是特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)種(zhong)植(zhi)、特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)養殖綜合立體(ti)開(kai)發(fa)的好地方(fang)。它水(shui)源充足(zu),氣候適(shi)(shi)宜(yi),資源豐富。年(nian)降水(shui)量豐富,日照充足(zu);水(shui)體(ti)透明,酸堿適(shi)(shi)中,無污染,是環保(bao)型綠色水(shui)源;野(ye)生動植(zhi)物種(zhong)類繁多,可(ke)供游(you)人(ren)觀賞(shang)。在柳蔭(yin)深(shen)處,可(ke)聽水(shui)鳥(niao)悠(you)(you)悠(you)(you)輕唱,在平湖(hu)(hu)浪里,可(ke)觀野(ye)花(hua)靜(jing)靜(jing)綻放。特(te)(te)(te)別是在蓮(lian)花(hua)盛開(kai)的季節(jie),泛舟摘蓮(lian)采菱,花(hua)香撲鼻(bi),別具(ju)江(jiang)南水(shui)鄉澤(ze)國的情趣,讓你萌生許多美的遐(xia)想(xiang)。中外客商前(qian)來投(tou)資和旅(lv)(lv)游(you)人(ren)數逐年(nian)增(zeng)加,年(nian)接(jie)待中外游(you)客10萬人(ren)次。如(ru)今湖(hu)(hu)中珍(zhen)珠、河蟹、青蝦、烏(wu)龜(gui)等水(shui)產品(pin)養殖初具(ju)規模(mo),湘(xiang)蓮(lian)種(zhong)植(zhi)開(kai)發(fa)和旅(lv)(lv)游(you)業方(fang)興未艾,招商引資及更加深(shen)層(ceng)次的開(kai)發(fa)前(qian)景廣闊。
返(fan)灣湖(hu)(hu)濕地(di)屬淺水(shui)湖(hu)(hu)泊型濕地(di)。核心面(mian)積(ji)800公頃(qing),水(shui)面(mian)660公頃(qing),有(you)樹木20多種(zhong)、草本植物(wu)10多種(zhong)。每(mei)年在(zai)此棲息、繁殖或(huo)經此遷(qian)徙的鳥(niao)類有(you)30多種(zhong),動物(wu)達20萬(wan)只。湖(hu)(hu)中人文景(jing)觀(guan)和自(zi)然景(jing)觀(guan)奇特(te),有(you)湖(hu)(hu)心島(dao),亭臺(tai)樓閣眾多,形成(cheng)湖(hu)(hu)中有(you)島(dao),島(dao)中有(you)湖(hu)(hu)的自(zi)然景(jing)觀(guan)。
潛(qian)江(jiang)返灣湖于2011年(nian)(nian)11月經(jing)國家林業(ye)局批準為國家濕地公園試(shi)點建設,面積1.16萬畝,共有(you)(you)植物種(zhong)類347種(zhong)、野生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)(dong)物188種(zhong),還有(you)(you)國際(ji)極危物種(zhong)青頭潛(qian)鴨、國家二級保護(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物白琵鷺等種(zhong)類較(jiao)多的保護(hu)動(dong)(dong)物。經(jing)過(guo)六年(nian)(nian)多的穩步推進,生(sheng)態修復取(qu)得明(ming)顯成效,并于2017年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底(di)通過(guo)驗收正(zheng)式命名。