湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)步白云(yun)湖(hu)國家濕地(di)公園地(di)處湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)省邵陽(yang)市城(cheng)步苗族(zu)自治縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內,主要包括常水位(wei)下白云(yun)湖(hu)水面(mian)(mian)及周邊(bian)部分林地(di),以及白云(yun)湖(hu)大壩流(liu)經至(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)區的巫水河(he)段和"十萬(wan)古田"。公園主體由北(bei)向南(nan)(nan)呈樹形結構伸(shen)展。地(di)理(li)坐(zuo)標(biao)為:東經110°17′40"~110°23′15",北(bei)緯(wei)26°14′43"~26°21′30",規劃總面(mian)(mian)積1198.6公頃。
公(gong)園內濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)主要有永久性河流(liu)、洪泛平(ping)原濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)和(he)庫塘(tang)以及擁有苔蘚(xian)、草(cao)本、木本植物等完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)演(yan)替系列的"十萬古田沼(zhao)澤地(di)(di)",濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)面積為856.6公(gong)頃,占公(gong)園總面積的71.47%。共同(tong)形成了結(jie)構完(wan)(wan)善、功(gong)能協同(tong)的濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)復合(he)生態(tai)系統,在我國(guo)中部(bu)中亞熱帶(dai)丘陵地(di)(di)區具有典(dian)型性和(he)代表(biao)性;白云湖水質清澈,素有"苗嶺(ling)千島湖"之稱。
多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)地類型和良好的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)境狀(zhuang)況,為(wei)我國南北遷徙鳥(niao)類提(ti)供了良好的(de)(de)(de)覓食(shi)地點(dian)(dian)和棲息環境,孕(yun)育了白云湖豐富的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性。列(lie)入《國家(jia)保護的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)或者有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要經濟、科學(xue)研究價值(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)陸生(sheng)野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)名錄》的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)達102種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);被(bei)(bei)列(lie)為(wei)湖南省重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)保護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)102種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);列(lie)入《瀕危動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際貿易公(gong)約(yue)》的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)計17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);列(lie)入中(zhong)日(ri)候(hou)(hou)鳥(niao)保護協定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);列(lie)入中(zhong)澳候(hou)(hou)鳥(niao)保護協定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。被(bei)(bei)譽(yu)為(wei)天然動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)基因庫(ku),濕(shi)地公(gong)園的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)在區域內具有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)珍稀保護價值(zhi)(zhi),濕(shi)地公(gong)園在保護生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)樣(yang)性方面具有(you)(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要作(zuo)用。