黑龍江(jiang)嶺峰國(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)護區始建于2002年,2006年被黑龍江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)政府批準(zhun)(zhun)為省(sheng)(sheng)級自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)護區。2017年7月經國(guo)務院批準(zhun)(zhun)晉升(sheng)為國(guo)家級自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)護區。
黑龍江嶺峰國(guo)家級自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)位于黑龍江省大(da)(da)興(xing)安(an)(an)嶺地區(qu)(qu)漠河市境內(nei),大(da)(da)興(xing)安(an)(an)嶺林(lin)業(ye)(ye)管理(li)局阿(a)木爾林(lin)業(ye)(ye)局施業(ye)(ye)區(qu)(qu)南部,地處(chu)祖(zu)國(guo)北(bei)部邊疆,大(da)(da)興(xing)安(an)(an)嶺山脈(mo)北(bei)坡。地理(li)坐標為東經122°41′30″~123°26′05″,北(bei)緯52°15′03″~52°31′00″。嶺峰自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)總面(mian)積68,373公(gong)頃。是我國(guo)寒(han)(han)溫(wen)帶(dai)地帶(dai)北(bei)的一(yi)個(ge)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)類(lei)型自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu),具有寒(han)(han)溫(wen)帶(dai)針葉林(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)系統(tong)的典型特(te)征(zheng)和比較完整、豐(feng)富的物(wu)種資源。
黑龍(long)(long)江嶺峰(feng)國(guo)家級自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)位于黑龍(long)(long)江大興安(an)嶺林業管理局阿木爾林業局南(nan)端,總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)68,373公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),其中核心區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)26,660公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),緩沖區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)22,307公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),實驗區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)19,406公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。
區(qu)內具(ju)備完好的原(yuan)始寒溫帶針葉林(lin)生境(jing),沒有(you)任何居民(min)點,核心區(qu)內從來未從事過大現模林(lin)業生產活(huo)動(dong),也沒有(you)任何嚴重破壞生境(jing)的采(cai)(cai)礦(kuang)業,如采(cai)(cai)金等活(huo)動(dong),人為(wei)干擾程度很(hen)小,除了(le)一些防火通道及公路外(wai),幾(ji)乎全區(qu)均保存著原(yuan)始的生態景觀。
該區(qu)(qu)常見植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)約(yue)847種(zhong)(zhong),列(lie)為(wei)國(guo)家保護(hu)有(you)(you)6種(zhong)(zhong)。此外(wai),寒(han)溫帶森林的(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)也(ye)為(wei)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)野(ye)(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提供了棲息場所。本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)地理分區(qu)(qu)屬古北界、東(dong)北亞(ya)界、東(dong)北區(qu)(qu)、大興安(an)嶺亞(ya)區(qu)(qu),動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)與數(shu)(shu)量也(ye)很豐(feng)富,據統計,陸生野(ye)(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)219種(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)獸類(lei)(lei)41種(zhong)(zhong),鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)171種(zhong)(zhong),兩爬類(lei)(lei)7種(zhong)(zhong)。被《瀕危野(ye)(ye)生動植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際貿易公約(yue)》附(fu)錄(lu)I附(fu)錄(lu)II收錄(lu)的(de)(de)(de)哺乳(ru)(ru)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)5種(zhong)(zhong),占本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)哺乳(ru)(ru)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)12.1%;鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)25種(zhong)(zhong),占本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)14.61%。被列(lie)為(wei)國(guo)家級保護(hu)的(de)(de)(de)野(ye)(ye)生動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong),獸類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)9種(zhong)(zhong),占本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)哺乳(ru)(ru)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)16.7%,鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)有(you)(you)31種(zhong)(zhong),占本(ben)(ben)區(qu)(qu)鳥(niao)(niao)(niao)類(lei)(lei)種(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)18.1%。在(zai)高緯(wei)度地區(qu)(qu),就生物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性而言,具有(you)(you)典型性和(he)代表性,對于科學研究(jiu)和(he)環境效應(ying)均有(you)(you)極(ji)高價值。
區內具備完好的(de)原(yuan)始(shi)寒溫帶針葉林(lin)生境(jing),沒(mei)有(you)任(ren)何居民(min)點(dian),核心區內從來未從事過(guo)大現模林(lin)業(ye)生產活(huo)(huo)動(dong),也沒(mei)有(you)任(ren)何嚴(yan)重破壞生境(jing)的(de)采(cai)礦業(ye),如采(cai)金等活(huo)(huo)動(dong),人為干擾程度(du)很小(xiao),除了一些防火通(tong)道及公路外,幾(ji)乎(hu)全區均保存著原(yuan)始(shi)的(de)生態景觀。
保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)屬于森林生態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統類型自然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu),具有(you)(you)(you)寒(han)溫帶(dai)針葉(xie)(xie)林生態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)典型特征和(he)比較完整、豐富的(de)(de)(de)物種(zhong)資源(yuan)。區(qu)(qu)內(nei)保存有(you)(you)(you)完好的(de)(de)(de)、面積較大的(de)(de)(de)寒(han)溫帶(dai)針葉(xie)(xie)林。野(ye)生動(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物資源(yuan)十分(fen)豐富,區(qu)(qu)內(nei)分(fen)布有(you)(you)(you)植(zhi)(zhi)物847種(zhong),脊(ji)椎動(dong)物249種(zhong),其中(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)重點保護(hu)(hu)野(ye)生動(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物共計46種(zhong)。尤其是作為(wei)寒(han)溫帶(dai)針葉(xie)(xie)林代表性動(dong)物的(de)(de)(de)貂熊、黑(hei)嘴松雞和(he)駝(tuo)鹿等的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)群密(mi)度(du)都(dou)較大,具有(you)(you)(you)極為(wei)重要的(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)研究價值和(he)極高的(de)(de)(de)保護(hu)(hu)價值。