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歷史沿革

黑(hei)龍江嶺(ling)峰國(guo)家(jia)級自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區始(shi)建于2002年(nian)，2006年(nian)被(bei)黑(hei)龍江省政府批準為省級自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區。2017年(nian)7月經(jing)國(guo)務院批準晉升為國(guo)家(jia)級自然(ran)(ran)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)區。

地理環境

黑(hei)龍江(jiang)嶺(ling)峰國(guo)家級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)位于(yu)黑(hei)龍江(jiang)省(sheng)大(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)漠河市(shi)境內，大(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)林業(ye)管理局阿木爾林業(ye)局施業(ye)區(qu)(qu)南部，地(di)(di)處(chu)祖(zu)國(guo)北(bei)部邊疆，大(da)興(xing)安(an)嶺(ling)山脈(mo)北(bei)坡。地(di)(di)理坐標為東(dong)經122°41′30″～123°26′05″，北(bei)緯52°15′03″～52°31′00″。嶺(ling)峰自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)總(zong)面積68,373公頃。是我國(guo)寒(han)溫(wen)帶(dai)地(di)(di)帶(dai)北(bei)的(de)(de)一個野生動(dong)物(wu)類型(xing)自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)，具有寒(han)溫(wen)帶(dai)針葉林生態系統的(de)(de)典型(xing)特(te)征和比較完整、豐(feng)富的(de)(de)物(wu)種資源。

區域范圍

黑龍江(jiang)(jiang)嶺峰國家級(ji)自然保護區(qu)位(wei)于黑龍江(jiang)(jiang)大興安嶺林業管理局阿木爾(er)林業局南(nan)端，總面(mian)積(ji)68,373公頃，其(qi)中(zhong)核心(xin)區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)26,660公頃，緩(huan)沖區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)22,307公頃，實驗區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)19,406公頃。

保護目標

區(qu)內具備完好的(de)原始寒溫帶針葉林生(sheng)境，沒有(you)任何居民(min)點，核(he)心區(qu)內從來未從事過大(da)現模林業(ye)生(sheng)產活動，也沒有(you)任何嚴重(zhong)破壞生(sheng)境的(de)采(cai)礦業(ye)，如采(cai)金等活動，人為干擾(rao)程(cheng)度很小，除了一些防火通道(dao)及公路外，幾乎全區(qu)均保存著原始的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)景觀。

該區(qu)常見(jian)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)約(yue)847種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，列(lie)(lie)為國家保護有6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。此外(wai)，寒溫帶森(sen)林的(de)存在(zai)也(ye)為相應的(de)野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)提供了棲息場所。本(ben)區(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)地(di)理分區(qu)屬(shu)古北界(jie)(jie)、東北亞(ya)界(jie)(jie)、東北區(qu)、大興安嶺亞(ya)區(qu)，動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)與數量(liang)也(ye)很豐富，據(ju)統計，陸生(sheng)(sheng)野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有219種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中獸類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)41種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)171種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，兩(liang)爬類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。被《瀕(bin)危野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國際貿易公約(yue)》附錄(lu)I附錄(lu)II收錄(lu)的(de)哺(bu)乳(ru)(ru)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)本(ben)區(qu)哺(bu)乳(ru)(ru)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)12.1%；鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)有25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)本(ben)區(qu)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)14.61%。被列(lie)(lie)為國家級(ji)保護的(de)野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中，獸類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)有9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)本(ben)區(qu)哺(bu)乳(ru)(ru)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數16.7%，鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)有31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)本(ben)區(qu)鳥(niao)類(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)18.1%。在(zai)高緯度地(di)區(qu)，就(jiu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性(xing)而言，具有典型性(xing)和代表性(xing)，對于(yu)科學研究和環(huan)境效(xiao)應均有極高價(jia)值。

生態價值

區(qu)(qu)內具(ju)備(bei)完好的(de)(de)原(yuan)始寒(han)溫帶針(zhen)葉林生境，沒有(you)任(ren)何(he)居民點，核心區(qu)(qu)內從來未從事過大現模林業(ye)生產活(huo)動(dong)，也沒有(you)任(ren)何(he)嚴(yan)重破壞生境的(de)(de)采礦業(ye)，如采金等活(huo)動(dong)，人為干擾程度(du)很小，除(chu)了一(yi)些防火通道及公路外，幾乎全區(qu)(qu)均保存著原(yuan)始的(de)(de)生態景觀(guan)。

保護區屬于森林(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)系統類(lei)型自然保護區，具有(you)(you)寒溫帶針葉林(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)系統的(de)(de)典型特征和(he)比較(jiao)(jiao)完整(zheng)、豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)資源。區內保存有(you)(you)完好的(de)(de)、面積較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)寒溫帶針葉林(lin)。野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)資源十分豐(feng)富(fu)，區內分布有(you)(you)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)847種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)249種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中國家(jia)重點保護野(ye)(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)共計(ji)46種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。尤其(qi)是(shi)作(zuo)為寒溫帶針葉林(lin)代表性動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)貂熊、黑嘴松雞和(he)駝(tuo)鹿等(deng)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群(qun)密度(du)都較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，具有(you)(you)極(ji)(ji)為重要的(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)價值(zhi)和(he)極(ji)(ji)高(gao)的(de)(de)保護價值(zhi)。