自20世紀(ji)80年代中期,南華(hua)山腹地(di)的海原縣水沖寺、五橋溝、靈光寺林場等幾個(ge)林業單位,成(cheng)為當地(di)林草植被建設的重點(dian)區域。
1993年10月,海原(yuan)縣在南華山成立10萬畝水源涵養林(lin)基地建設(she)指(zhi)揮部。
1997年,在水(shui)源涵養(yang)林基(ji)地建設指揮部(bu)的礎上,合并原南(nan)華(hua)山牧(mu)場,成立南(nan)華(hua)山水(shui)源涵養(yang)林總場。
2004年,寧夏回族(zu)自治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)九屆人(ren)大(da)(da)二次會(hui)議上,部分人(ren)大(da)(da)代表遞交了(le)建立南華山自然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)的議案(an),劃定(ding)南華山為省(sheng)級自然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu),2004年底,寧夏回族(zu)自治(zhi)區(qu)(qu)人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)府(fu)批準成立海原(yuan)縣南華山區(qu)(qu)級自然保護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)。 ?
2014年12月(yue)5日,經國(guo)務院(yuan)辦公廳批準(zhun),晉升為國(guo)家(jia)級自(zi)然保護區。
寧(ning)夏(xia)南華山國家(jia)級自(zi)然保護區位(wei)于寧(ning)夏(xia)回(hui)族(zu)自(zi)治(zhi)區中部的中衛市海原(yuan)縣,分布于縣域中心部位(wei)。
南華山所(suo)屬區域大(da)(da)地(di)構造(zao)屬于較(jiao)活動的秦(qin)祁(qi)(qi)昆地(di)槽褶(zhe)皺(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)系“北(bei)(bei)祁(qi)(qi)連褶(zhe)皺(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)系的北(bei)(bei)祁(qi)(qi)連走(zou)廊過渡帶(dai)(dai)”,按板塊(kuai)構造(zao)觀點,本區域所(suo)屬大(da)(da)地(di)構造(zao)位(wei)(wei)置位(wei)(wei)于秦(qin)嶺(ling)—祁(qi)(qi)連活動帶(dai)(dai)祁(qi)(qi)連—北(bei)(bei)秦(qin)嶺(ling)褶(zhe)皺(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)系的北(bei)(bei)祁(qi)(qi)連加里東褶(zhe)皺(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)帶(dai)(dai)南華山斷(duan)褶(zhe)帶(dai)(dai)。
南(nan)華山(shan)(shan)出露地層由(you)老到新(xin)(xin)(xin)包括中元古(gu)界(jie)長城(cheng)系南(nan)華山(shan)(shan)群(qun)(qun)(Chnh)、薊縣系園河群(qun)(qun)(Jxyh)、下古(gu)生界(jie)志(zhi)留系上(shang)統(tong)旱峽(xia)組(S3h)、上(shang)古(gu)生界(jie)泥(ni)盆系中統(tong)石峽(xia)溝(gou)組(D2s)和(he)石炭(tan)系中統(tong)羊虎溝(gou)組(C2y)、中生界(jie)白堊系下統(tong)六盤山(shan)(shan)群(qun)(qun)(K1l)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)生界(jie)古(gu)近系始新(xin)(xin)(xin)統(tong)寺口(kou)子組(E2s)和(he)漸新(xin)(xin)(xin)統(tong)清水營組(E2q)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)生界(jie)新(xin)(xin)(xin)近系中新(xin)(xin)(xin)統(tong)紅柳溝(gou)組(N1h)和(he)第四系沖、洪(hong)積物及黃土沉(chen)積。
南華山(shan)地(di)區(qu)出露(lu)了(le)早古(gu)生(sheng)代中酸(suan)性(xing)巖(yan)漿巖(yan),分布在山(shan)體(ti)西(xi)北、北東側(ce)和西(xi)側(ce)。南華山(shan)地(di)區(qu)出露(lu)的花崗閃長(chang)巖(yan)體(ti),受(shou)南西(xi)華山(shan)深(shen)大斷裂(lie)控制,呈北西(xi)-南東向展布,構成巖(yan)漿巖(yan)帶。分別(bie)沿(yan)南華山(shan)南、北斷裂(lie)帶侵(qin)入于(yu)元古(gu)界地(di)層中,呈巖(yan)株、巖(yan)瘤(liu)狀產出,屬淺成侵(qin)入體(ti)。
南華山(shan)地(di)區位于(yu)寧夏南部向(xiang)北東突出的弧形構造體(ti)系(xi)之中,屬于(yu)該體(ti)系(xi)年代新(xin),晚新(xin)生代以來持續上升,構成西華山(shan)—南華山(shan)弧形構造山(shan)地(di)。
南(nan)華山(shan)(shan)地區(qu)出露老的(de)地層為(wei)中元古界長城系南(nan)華山(shan)(shan)群(Chnh),為(wei)一(yi)套綠片巖(yan)-云母片巖(yan)-大理巖(yan)巖(yan)石組(zu)合,原巖(yan)為(wei)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)底火山(shan)(shan)巖(yan)和優地槽型海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)相(xiang)(xiang)沉積(ji),表明在中元古代(dai)早(zao)(zao)期(qi)發生(sheng)強(qiang)烈的(de)拉(la)張和裂陷,中元古代(dai)末期(qi),在五臺運(yun)(yun)動(dong)作用下(xia),轉變(bian)為(wei)擠壓體(ti)系,經過北祁連洋(yang)殼(ke)向(xiang)南(nan)側(ce)西寧—蘭(lan)州微(wei)板(ban)塊下(xia)俯沖(chong),海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)槽封閉(bi),褶(zhe)皺(zhou)隆(long)起(qi)。早(zao)(zao)古生(sheng)代(dai)再度強(qiang)烈拗陷,早(zao)(zao)古生(sheng)代(dai)后期(qi)強(qiang)烈的(de)加里東(dong)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)使北祁連海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)槽前寒武紀(ji)(ji)(ji)地層褶(zhe)皺(zhou)抬升,并(bing)伴有中酸性巖(yan)漿巖(yan)體(ti)侵入。經剝蝕后,在山(shan)(shan)前低(di)地堆積(ji)了(le)(le)泥(ni)盆(pen)系陸(lu)相(xiang)(xiang)紅色碎屑巖(yan),經過夷平和沉降又接(jie)受了(le)(le)石炭系的(de)深(shen)灰(hui)色泥(ni)巖(yan)夾砂(sha)巖(yan)和薄煤層沉積(ji)。二疊紀(ji)(ji)(ji)早(zao)(zao)期(qi)本區(qu)基(ji)本上脫(tuo)離(li)了(le)(le)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)環境發育陸(lu)相(xiang)(xiang)沉積(ji)。印支、燕山(shan)(shan)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)使該地區(qu)多(duo)次發生(sheng)褶(zhe)皺(zhou)與沖(chong)斷(duan),進而(er)控(kong)制(zhi)了(le)(le)中、新生(sheng)代(dai)山(shan)(shan)間(jian)斷(duan)陷盆(pen)地的(de)發生(sheng)與發展(zhan)。山(shan)(shan)體(ti)進一(yi)步抬升,在山(shan)(shan)前前緣盆(pen)地內發育了(le)(le)白堊紀(ji)(ji)(ji)和第三紀(ji)(ji)(ji)沉積(ji)。?
南(nan)華山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)寧夏南(nan)部(bu)六盤山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、月(yue)亮山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、南(nan)華山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、西華山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)弧形山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地的一(yi)部(bu)分,為侵(qin)蝕構(gou)造中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地地貌(mao)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體呈西北—東南(nan)走向,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)體內部(bu)沖溝切割強烈,斷(duan)層巖壁(bi)較為發(fa)育;溝系(xi)呈放射(she)狀(zhuang),羽狀(zhuang)展布;山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脊呈尖棱狀(zhuang)、魚脊狀(zhuang)、齒狀(zhuang),有的經風化(hua)剝蝕成(cheng)渾圓(yuan)狀(zhuang)。高峰馬萬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)2954.6米,平均海拔(ba)2600米左(zuo)右,溝口(kou)海拔(ba)一(yi)般北麓2000米,南(nan)麓2200米,相對高差700~900米左(zuo)右。
南華山(shan)(shan)地(di)區(qu)地(di)貌形(xing)成(cheng)與演化明顯受地(di)質構(gou)造(zao)和(he)(he)巖層(ceng)控制(zhi)。南華山(shan)(shan)—西華山(shan)(shan)深大斷(duan)裂(lie)從元古代(dai)開始(shi)一(yi)直影響本區(qu)的構(gou)造(zao)和(he)(he)沉(chen)積(ji)。南華山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)體自二疊紀(ji)(ji)早(zao)期脫離了海洋環(huan)境后,長時(shi)期處于隆(long)升剝(bo)蝕狀態,只是在山(shan)(shan)前前緣盆地(di)內(nei)發(fa)育了白堊紀(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)第(di)三(san)紀(ji)(ji)沉(chen)積(ji)。中(zhong)新(xin)(xin)世(shi)時(shi),曾先后發(fa)生過(guo)兩次構(gou)造(zao)變形(xing),造(zao)成(cheng)了山(shan)(shan)體隆(long)升和(he)(he)紅柳溝組(zu)與清水營組(zu)之間的角(jiao)度不整合。上新(xin)(xin)世(shi)末期—更新(xin)(xin)世(shi)以來(lai)新(xin)(xin)構(gou)造(zao)運(yun)動(dong)活躍,構(gou)造(zao)變形(xing)在本區(qu)較中(zhong)新(xin)(xin)世(shi)兩次構(gou)造(zao)變形(xing)更加強(qiang)(qiang)烈,南、西華山(shan)(shan)北麓斷(duan)裂(lie)強(qiang)(qiang)烈活動(dong),山(shan)(shan)體進一(yi)步(bu)隆(long)升,盆地(di)進一(yi)步(bu)斷(duan)陷(xian),第(di)四紀(ji)(ji)地(di)層(ceng)被(bei)錯斷(duan),形(xing)成(cheng)山(shan)(shan)邊斷(duan)陷(xian),引起水系、山(shan)(shan)脊和(he)(he)階地(di)的變化。
寧夏南華(hua)山國家級自然(ran)保護區屬北溫(wen)帶大陸(lu)性季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候,氣(qi)溫(wen)由山麓向山頂逐(zhu)漸降低。南華(hua)山冷月(yue)在1月(yue)份,月(yue)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)-9.8℃,熱月(yue)在7月(yue),月(yue)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)10.9℃,全年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)為(wei)0.8℃,年(nian)(nian)較(jiao)差 20.7℃。平(ping)均年(nian)(nian)降雨(yu)量為(wei) 495.5毫米,降雨(yu)主(zhu)要分布(bu)在植物生長季(ji)(ji)的(de)5~9月(yue)份,占全年(nian)(nian)降雨(yu)量的(de)77.15%。
寧夏南華(hua)山國家級自然保護區水(shui)(shui)文特點是山間(jian)河谷及山洪溝(gou)較多,但地(di)表徑流不大(da),多為間(jian)歇(xie)河,季節性(xing)變化大(da),遇到暴(bao)雨(yu)(yu)即發洪水(shui)(shui),雨(yu)(yu)后(hou)基本干涸(he),部分(fen)降水(shui)(shui)滲(shen)入(ru)地(di)下,以(yi)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)形式溢(yi)出;地(di)下水(shui)(shui)受(shou)地(di)質(zhi)構造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),而大(da)氣(qi)降水(shui)(shui)是地(di)下水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)補給來源。南華(hua)山山體(ti)內部沖溝(gou)切割強(qiang)烈,溝(gou)谷水(shui)(shui)系呈放射狀、羽狀展(zhan)布,分(fen)別(bie)屬于清水(shui)(shui)河水(shui)(shui)系二級流域的(de)(de)(de)西河流域和莧(xian)(xian)麻河流域。南華(hua)山有大(da)小沖溝(gou)約35條(tiao),分(fen)別(bie)匯入(ru)西河、莧(xian)(xian)麻河。
寧夏南華山國家級自然保護區內林(lin)草茂密,植被覆蓋(gai)度高,有(you)利(li)于涵養水(shui)源,降(jiang)水(shui)滲(shen)入地下(xia),在(zai)山麓(lu)以泉(quan)眼的(de)形成溢出地表(biao),是(shi)周圍鄉(xiang)(鎮)人畜飲水(shui)的(de)重要(yao)水(shui)源。
寧夏南華(hua)山國家級自(zi)然保護區由(you)于不同(tong)的(de)(de)海(hai)拔高度,陰坡(po)和陽坡(po),所(suo)接受的(de)(de)陽光不同(tong)、降(jiang)水和相(xiang)對濕(shi)度的(de)(de)不同(tong)、植(zhi)被(bei)類型的(de)(de)不同(tong),形(xing)成(cheng)以垂(chui)直(zhi)地帶性土壤灰褐(he)土和山麓為基帶土壤黑(hei)壚土為主的(de)(de)土類。
灰(hui)(hui)褐(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)一般分布(bu)(bu)在海(hai)拔(ba)2000~2955米之間,其下(xia)(xia)部與水平地(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤黑壚(lu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)銜接,成土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)母(mu)(mu)質(zhi)為紅色(se)(se)(se)、紫紅色(se)(se)(se)和雜色(se)(se)(se)砂巖、灰(hui)(hui)綠色(se)(se)(se)云母(mu)(mu)片巖的風化物,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤有機(ji)質(zhi)含量高(gao),黑色(se)(se)(se)腐殖質(zhi)層較(jiao)(jiao)厚,有輕度淋溶(rong)現象發生(sheng),剖面中下(xia)(xia)部質(zhi)地(di)較(jiao)(jiao)表層土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)黏,有石灰(hui)(hui)淀積。分為暗灰(hui)(hui)褐(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu):主要分布(bu)(bu)在海(hai)拔(ba)2600米以上的山脊(ji)和陰(yin)坡中上部比較(jiao)(jiao)平緩處;石灰(hui)(hui)性(xing)灰(hui)(hui)褐(he)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu):大部分位于海(hai)拔(ba)2600米以下(xia)(xia)的陰(yin)坡及(ji)山谷(gu)兩旁。
黑(hei)壚(lu)土類是(shi)南(nan)華山(shan)(shan)的(de)基帶土壤(rang),一般分布在海拔2000米以下(xia)的(de)山(shan)(shan)麓或(huo)低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘陵區,成土母(mu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多為第四紀黃土。顯著的(de)特征(zheng)是(shi)剖(pou)(pou)面中有比較深厚、暗灰色的(de)有機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層和明顯的(de)石灰質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)假菌絲體(ti),整個剖(pou)(pou)面質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)比較均(jun)一,土壤(rang)比較肥(fei)沃。
寧(ning)夏南華山國(guo)家級自然保護區地域范圍分別與海(hai)城鎮、史店鄉(xiang)、曹(cao)洼鄉(xiang)、紅羊(yang)鄉(xiang)、樹臺(tai)鄉(xiang)和西安鎮接壤。其地理坐(zuo)標(biao)為東經105°31′-105°44′,北緯36°20′-36°33′,呈(cheng)西北-東南走(zou)向,南北寬(kuan)19.2千(qian)米,東西長26.4千(qian)米,總面積20100.5公(gong)頃(qing)。
按照自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)(qu)劃(hua)要求(qiu),寧夏南華山(shan)國家級(ji)自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)被區(qu)(qu)劃(hua)為實驗區(qu)(qu)、緩(huan)沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)和核心區(qu)(qu)三個功(gong)能(neng)區(qu)(qu)。其中,核心區(qu)(qu)6182.1公頃,緩(huan)沖(chong)區(qu)(qu)5235.3公頃,實驗區(qu)(qu)8683.1公頃。東南以(yi)(yi)亂堆子(zi)、洼里、老(lao)虎(hu)崾峴、柳樹灣(wan)、莧麻灣(wan)、石塘為界(jie),西部以(yi)(yi)種田(tian)溝(gou)、水(shui)擔溝(gou),新莊子(zi)、崾峴、陽屲(wa)、王坡、龔灣(wan)為界(jie),北部以(yi)(yi)菜園、野狐(hu)坡、刺兒(er)溝(gou)、小山(shan)、山(shan)門、蘆子(zi)溝(gou)、油房院為界(jie)。四至界(jie)限以(yi)(yi)標牌、宣傳(chuan)欄、巡護道路及鐵絲(si)圍欄為明顯(xian)標志。
寧夏南華山國家級(ji)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)的主(zhu)要保護(hu)對(dui)象為山地森林生態系統(tong)和山地草原與草甸生態系統(tong)。
截至2013年,寧(ning)夏(xia)南(nan)(nan)華(hua)山國家級自然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)共有(you)(you)(you)(you)野(ye)生維(wei)(wei)管(guan)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu) 426 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(包括種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以下單位),隸屬(shu)58科(ke),203屬(shu)。其中(zhong)蕨類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2科(ke)2屬(shu)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)2科(ke)5屬(shu)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)54科(ke)196屬(shu)416種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。保護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)近一(yi)半的(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)都有(you)(you)(you)(you)程度不同(tong)、類(lei)型不同(tong)的(de)(de)資(zi)源價值,多(duo)屬(shu)于(yu)資(zi)源植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。其中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)藥用(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)60余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如(ru)黃芪(qi)、升麻、黨參、天仙子、補血草(cao)等;有(you)(you)(you)(you)油(you)料(liao)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)十余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如(ru)山杏、風花菜、虎(hu)榛子等;有(you)(you)(you)(you)飼草(cao)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)20余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如(ru)大針茅、長芒草(cao)、短花針茅等;有(you)(you)(you)(you)園林綠化(hua)與材用(yong)(yong)經濟植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)30余(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如(ru)華(hua)北紫丁香、毛(mao)葉忍冬等。南(nan)(nan)華(hua)山的(de)(de)野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)還有(you)(you)(you)(you)淀粉植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、纖維(wei)(wei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、單寧(ning)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、花卉觀賞植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、食用(yong)(yong)果(guo)菜類(lei)、蜜(mi)源植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、芳(fang)香植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)用(yong)(yong)途的(de)(de)野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)兼具多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)價值。有(you)(you)(you)(you)國家一(yi)級重點保護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)發(fa)菜,二級重點保護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)蒙古扁(bian)桃、華(hua)北駝絨藜、短芒披堿草(cao)、中(zhong)麻黃。
寧夏(xia)在中國動物地(di)理區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)劃上跨(kua)蒙(meng)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)東部草原亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、西部荒(huang)(huang)漠亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和華北區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)黃土(tu)高原亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)三個亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。寧夏(xia)南華山國家(jia)級自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)處在蒙(meng)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)西部荒(huang)(huang)漠亞(ya)(ya)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)邊緣。從(cong)動物區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)系成分(fen)上來看,蒙(meng)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)成分(fen)占有(you)優勢,華北區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)與蒙(meng)新(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)物種混雜(za)程度大,帶有(you)明顯的(de)過渡特(te)征。?
截至2013年,寧(ning)夏(xia)南華山(shan)國家(jia)級自然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)有脊椎(zhui)動物(wu)有5綱(gang)26目(mu)57科(ke)(ke)126屬(shu)173種(zhong)(含116亞種(zhong))。其中(zhong),魚綱(gang)2目(mu)3科(ke)(ke)8屬(shu)9種(zhong),兩棲(qi)綱(gang)1目(mu)2科(ke)(ke)2屬(shu)3種(zhong),爬行綱(gang)2目(mu)5科(ke)(ke)6屬(shu)10種(zhong)(含1亞種(zhong)),鳥(niao)綱(gang)15目(mu)33科(ke)(ke)80屬(shu)115種(zhong)(含80亞種(zhong)),哺乳綱(gang)6目(mu)14科(ke)(ke) 30屬(shu)36種(zhong)(含35亞種(zhong))。以鳥(niao)類占優勢,哺乳類次之,兩棲(qi)類少。
在脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)資源中,有(you)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中屬于國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)為金雕1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中鳥(niao)(niao)類Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(有(you):鳶、蒼鷹(ying)、雀(que)鷹(ying)、松雀(que)鷹(ying)、大(da)天鵝(e)、草原雕、禿鷲、白尾鷂、獵隼、燕隼、紅腳隼、紅隼、雕鴞(xiao)、長(chang)耳(er)鴞(xiao)、縱紋腹(fu)小(xiao)鴞(xiao)等),哺(bu)乳類Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(荒(huang)漠貓(mao)、兔(tu)獼、豹貓(mao)、巖(yan)羊)。《瀕(bin)危(wei)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植物(wu)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)際貿易公約》(CITES)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列入國(guo)(guo)際自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)聯(lian)盟(IUCN)瀕(bin)危(wei)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等級(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)名(ming)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)有(you)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列入《中國(guo)(guo)瀕(bin)危(wei)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)紅皮書(shu)》動(dong)(dong)物(wu)名(ming)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)有(you)9種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),有(you)中日(ri)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)候鳥(niao)(niao)及(ji)其(qi)棲息環境(jing)協(xie)定(ding)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)(niao)類42種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),有(you)中澳保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)候鳥(niao)(niao)及(ji)其(qi)棲息環境(jing)協(xie)定(ding)規(gui)定(ding)的(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)鳥(niao)(niao)類13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列入國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)有(you)益(yi)的(de)或(huo)者有(you)重(zhong)要經濟、科(ke)學(xue)研究價(jia)值的(de)陸生(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)名(ming)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)有(you)65種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),屬于寧(ning)夏重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)有(you)35種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
寧夏南華山國家級自然保護區(qu)(qu)有昆蟲(chong)16目132科(ke)530種。主要由(you)鞘(qiao)翅目、鱗(lin)翅目、半(ban)翅目、雙翅目、直翅目和膜翅目種類(lei)組成,其中鞘(qiao)翅目34科(ke)179種、鱗(lin)翅目26科(ke)156種、半(ban)翅目18科(ke)56種,6個(ge)目的(de)科(ke)數(shu)為(wei)110科(ke)、占保護區(qu)(qu)昆蟲(chong)總(zong)科(ke)數(shu)的(de)83.33%,物種數(shu)為(wei)480種、占保護區(qu)(qu)昆蟲(chong)總(zong)種類(lei)數(shu)的(de)90.56%。
寧(ning)夏南華(hua)山國家級自然保(bao)(bao)護區管理(li)機(ji)構(gou)為(wei)南華(hua)山自然保(bao)(bao)護區管理(li)處,實行(xing)三級管理(li)體制,行(xing)政上直屬海原(yuan)縣(xian)人民政府領導,業務接受寧(ning)夏林業局和中(zhong)衛市林業局指導。保(bao)(bao)護區管理(li)處下(xia)設辦(ban)公室、科研中(zhong)心、計劃財務科、管理(li)站、保(bao)(bao)護點(dian)、檢查站。
寧夏(xia)南(nan)華山國(guo)家級自然(ran)保護區(qu)功(gong)能區(qu)劃調整后,原(yuan)來設立在四橋的管(guan)理機(ji)(ji)構(gou)成為核心區(qu),管(guan)理機(ji)(ji)構(gou)搬(ban)遷到縣(xian)城,由縣(xian)政府(fu)調劑辦(ban)公場地。
截至2013年,寧(ning)夏南(nan)華山國家(jia)級(ji)自然保護區有管理站(zhan)6個、瞭望塔2個、設(she)立(li)解說牌2塊,大宣(xuan)傳(chuan)牌2塊,小(xiao)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)牌60塊。在周邊(bian)設(she)立(li)固定標準地60塊。配有少量(liang)計算機等(deng)辦(ban)公設(she)備,及(ji)公務(wu)車、對講機、GPS、通訊和(he)科研設(she)備等(deng)。