大水溝西(xi)(xi)夏(xia)離(li)宮遺(yi)址位于110國道北(bei)上(shang)(shang)平羅(luo)縣(xian)上(shang)(shang)廟鄉沿(yan)西(xi)(xi)側(ce)(ce)路口上(shang)(shang)行到賀蘭山大水溝溝口。溝口右側(ce)(ce)有(you)一高(gao)66米,底(di)寬133.2米的(de)土(tu)(tu)筑(zhu)平臺,當地老百姓稱之為“穆桂英點(dian)將(jiang)臺”。據專家考證為西(xi)(xi)夏(xia)時期李元昊離(li)宮遺(yi)址。遺(yi)址下方曾(ceng)多次出土(tu)(tu)過(guo)西(xi)(xi)夏(xia)窖藏錢(qian)幣和大量的(de)西(xi)(xi)夏(xia)磚、瓦等建筑(zhu)構件(jian)。
山(shan)(shan)(shan)口(kou)1千米(mi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)有保存(cun)基本完整的明代長城。三(san)公里處(chu)(chu)(chu)有古(gu)寺廟遺址一處(chu)(chu)(chu)。稱“上廟”周圍多(duo)處(chu)(chu)(chu)發現有古(gu)代游牧(mu)民(min)族留下的巖畫(hua)。溝(gou)口(kou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)泉常年不斷,兩岸(an)山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢峻(jun)峭,山(shan)(shan)(shan)內林(lin)木蔥(cong)郁,空氣清新,是郊游、登山(shan)(shan)(shan)的好去處(chu)(chu)(chu)。
據(ju)史書記載:李元昊登基(ji)稱(cheng)帝后,除大(da)規模擴建都城(cheng)興慶府(銀川市(shi))外,還在(zai)賀蘭(lan)山(shan)東(dong)麓大(da)興土木,沿各個山(shan)口(kou)修建了大(da)批離宮、寺院(yuan),有(you)“綿延數百里”之說。經考(kao)古證明,賀蘭(lan)山(shan)東(dong)麓由南向北(bei)的滾(gun)鐘(zhong)口(kou)、黃旗口(kou)、拜(bai)寺口(kou)、大(da)水(shui)溝(gou)口(kou)都有(you)大(da)量的西(xi)夏建筑遺址,其中大(da)水(shui)溝(gou)為西(xi)夏最(zui)大(da)的離宮遺址。
西(xi)(xi)夏(xia)離宮遺址上有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)數十(shi)座(zuo)(zuo),溝口南側(ce),有(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)十(shi)余(yu)(yu)座(zuo)(zuo),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)大的(de)臺(tai)(tai)面(mian)長(chang)100余(yu)(yu)米,前后(hou)寬70余(yu)(yu)米,高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)12米左(zuo)(zuo)右(you),最(zui)小的(de)臺(tai)(tai)面(mian)長(chang)20余(yu)(yu)米,前后(hou)寬10米,高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu) 地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)8米,其(qi)余(yu)(yu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)高(gao)(gao)低不一,在5—15米左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)。溝口北(bei)側(ce)有(you)三(san)組(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)組(zu)成:第(di)一組(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)為上、下兩層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),下層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)南北(bei)長(chang)近(jin)100米,高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)30米;第(di)二(er)組(zu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)位于第(di)一組(zu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)北(bei),修筑(zhu)在沿山(shan)長(chang)200米的(de)山(shan)坡上,自下而上共分四 層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),最(zui)上層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)高(gao)(gao)出(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)100米左(zuo)(zuo)右(you),每(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)臺(tai)(tai)面(mian)寬60余(yu)(yu)米;第(di)三(san)組(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)位于第(di)二(er)組(zu)東北(bei),在沿山(shan)坡500多(duo)米的(de)地(di)(di)(di)方,修筑(zhu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)3處。所(suo)有(you)臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)臺(tai)(tai)面(mian)都較平坦(tan),其(qi)后(hou)端(duan)是將山(shan)坡劈去,與臺(tai)(tai)面(mian)形成直(zhi)角,前端(duan)則(ze)以塊石(shi)砌成直(zhi)壁,臺(tai)(tai)在兩側(ce)或(huo)正中(zhong)(zhong)砌有(you)石(shi)階梯。臺(tai)(tai)地(di)(di)(di)上和附近(jin)有(you)大量(liang)西(xi)(xi)夏(xia)時期的(de)玻璃磚瓦、鴟吻、瓦當和滴水等建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)殘(can)件等。此地(di)(di)(di)還出(chu)(chu)土(tu)過西(xi)(xi)夏(xia)和宋(song)代錢幣。