歷史
大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)古(gu)稱恒(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan),其歷(li)史(shi)可上(shang)溯到傳說(shuo)中(zhong)的三(san)皇五(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)時(shi)期,據《史(shi)記·封(feng)禪書》記載,舜曾經到恒(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)祭祀。漢文(wen)帝(di)(di)(di)時(shi),因避(bi)諱(hui)緣故,恒(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)曾改(gai)名(ming)為常山(shan)(shan)(shan)。漢武帝(di)(di)(di)時(shi),在(zai)河北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)曲(qu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)設(she)立北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳祠祭祀。漢宣帝(di)(di)(di)神爵元(yuan)年(前61年),詔封(feng)五(wu)岳,其中(zhong)以恒(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)為北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳。北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)魏宣武帝(di)(di)(di)時(shi),始(shi)在(zai)大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)之南的曲(qu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣城(cheng)建北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳廟(miao),之后歷(li)代(dai)(dai)多在(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳廟(miao)遙祭北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳。北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)宋(song)時(shi)期,大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)一帶(dai)曾為宋(song)遼(liao)邊(bian)境(jing)。1193年,析曲(qu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部以及其他(ta)縣地置阜平縣,自此大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)不再隸屬曲(qu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣,但北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳廟(miao)仍(reng)位于(yu)曲(qu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣城(cheng)。明代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)后期,出現北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳在(zai)河北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)曲(qu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)還是(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西渾源的爭論(lun),但是(shi)當時(shi)仍(reng)將恒(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)定(ding)在(zai)河北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)曲(qu)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。直到清(qing)順治十七年(1660年)七月,北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳改(gai)為山(shan)(shan)(shan)西渾源境(jing)內的恒(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)。
景點簡介
大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)園地(di)處(chu)河北省唐縣(xian)西(xi)北75公(gong)(gong)里(li)處(chu),被譽(yu)為“華(hua)北碧珠”。大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)又名(ming)神仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan),古為北岳恒(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan),巍(wei)巍(wei)太行的(de)(de)主峰之一(yi),海(hai)拔1898米,雄(xiong)居于保定阜(fu)平、唐縣(xian)、淶源三(san)縣(xian)交界處(chu)。這里(li)林(lin)(lin)(lin)濤云(yun)海(hai),翠峰聳(song)立,樹密(mi)草豐(feng),響泉(quan)飛瀑。有(you)南(nan)方山(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)秀姿(zi),有(you)北方草原的(de)(de)野趣,有(you)黃山(shan)(shan)(shan)云(yun)海(hai),有(you)南(nan)岳云(yun)霧,是一(yi)個入伏不見署的(de)(de)清涼世界。大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)原始(shi)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)郁郁蔥蔥,遮天(tian)蔽日,腳下(xia)蜿(wan)蜒小路被橫(heng)生的(de)(de)灌木擠得模糊(hu)不清。越(yue)往上爬,山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)越(yue)險(xian),山(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)越(yue)密(mi),腳下(xia)云(yun)來如(ru)霧,林(lin)(lin)(lin)海(hai)生煙。兩萬多(duo)畝山(shan)(shan)(shan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)中(zhong),有(you)油松、白樺(hua)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)榆、白楊、翠柏、山(shan)(shan)(shan)杏、核桃等(deng)多(duo)種林(lin)(lin)(lin)木。濃陰下(xia),有(you)人(ren)參(can)、靈芝等(deng)中(zhong)草藥千余(yu)種,黃楊球、野山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶等(deng)千姿(zi)百(bai)態(tai)的(de)(de)野花(hua)點綴其間,狍子、黃羊、小山(shan)(shan)(shan)貓(mao)的(de)(de)身影忽隱忽現。
大茂(mao)山(shan)有數(shu)(shu)以百計的天然景觀(guan)。北溝山(shan)泉汩汩,溪水(shui)瀑布隨(sui)處可見。南端有一眼黃龍洞(dong),洞(dong)中碧水(shui)常年(nian)不斷。頂(ding)峰南側有數(shu)(shu)百畝(mu)的開闊地(di),碧草如(ru)(ru)毯,是十足的草原(yuan)風(feng)光。如(ru)(ru)遇下雨,雨后在山(shan)頂(ding)遙看升騰的云霧,猶如(ru)(ru)軒身仙境。每(mei)逢冬春,山(shan)頂(ding)積(ji)雪數(shu)(shu)日不化,“恒山(shan)積(ji)雪”成為著名的唐縣(xian)古八(ba)景之一。除觀(guan)光外,因(yin)大茂(mao)山(shan)野(ye)生植(zhi)物眾(zhong)多(duo),還(huan)適宜(yi)野(ye)生植(zhi)物考察(cha)。阜平境內一帶(dai),還(huan)有戰爭年(nian)代八(ba)路軍活動的遺跡,流傳著許多(duo)鮮(xian)為人知的感人故事(shi)。
地理位置
大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)森林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan),是2005年12月被國家(jia)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業局(ju)批(pi)準設立的(de)國家(jia)級森林(lin)(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan),位于(yu)唐縣(xian)西(xi)北部,是通天河的(de)發源地,距(ju)縣(xian)城75公(gong)(gong)里(li),距(ju)北京、天津、石(shi)家(jia)莊(zhuang)分別為250公(gong)(gong)里(li)、300公(gong)(gong)里(li)、150公(gong)(gong)里(li),公(gong)(gong)路直(zhi)通山(shan)腳下。興建中的(de)石(shi)張高(gao)速(su)在(zai)縣(xian)城留有(you)出口,大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)距(ju)保阜高(gao)速(su)引(yin)線40公(gong)(gong)里(li),交(jiao)通便利,水(shui)、電、通訊條件(jian)良好(hao)。總面(mian)積1353.33公(gong)(gong)頃。這里(li)林(lin)(lin)(lin)濤云海,翠峰(feng)聳立,樹密草豐(feng),響泉(quan)飛瀑,山(shan)頂(ding)草原環抱道觀(guan),崖上(shang)溶(rong)洞秘(mi)藏林(lin)(lin)(lin)間,冬春積雪皚皚,夏(xia)秋紫氣升(sheng)騰,勝似人(ren)間仙(xian)境。大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)海拔(ba)1898米,由于(yu)山(shan)高(gao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)密,動植(zhi)物資源豐(feng)富(fu)。原始次生(sheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)郁郁蔥(cong)(cong)蔥(cong)(cong),遮天蔽日(ri),森林(lin)(lin)(lin)覆蓋率(lv)達56.6%,山(shan)場上(shang)長滿了(le)松、柏、楊、樺(hua)等樹木(mu),特別是那萬畝翠綠的(de)油松,以它特有(you)的(de)挺拔(ba)剛健之(zhi)姿(zi),給人(ren)以生(sheng)生(sheng)不息、欣(xin)欣(xin)向(xiang)榮之(zhi)感。南山(shan)上(shang),有(you)數(shu)百畝山(shan)桃,每當初春,那串(chuan)串(chuan)粉紅色的(de)花(hua)蕾,在(zai)春風的(de)撫摸(mo)下,由山(shan)下向(xiang)山(shan)上(shang)逐層(ceng)開(kai)放,花(hua)期持續20多天。從(cong)春到夏(xia),漫山(shan)遍(bian)野的(de)野花(hua)野草,萬紫千(qian)紅,競相斗艷,宛如一(yi)片花(hua)海。
在(zai)頂峰南側的跑馬梁上,有(you)數百畝開闊(kuo)地。據(ju)傳,這是楊(yang)六郎的練兵場。每到(dao)溫熱季節,這里綠草(cao)如茵,繁花似錦,徜徉(yang)其間(jian),仿佛到(dao)了(le)塞外草(cao)原。草(cao)地上搭建有(you)五彩(cai)六色(se)的帳(zhang)篷(peng),在(zai)這里野(ye)宿,清晨可以(yi)觀日出。
風景介紹
大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)乃唐河(he)支流(liu)(liu)通天(tian)河(he)的(de)(de)發源地,山(shan)內(nei)泉水(shui)汩(gu)汩(gu),流(liu)(liu)水(shui)潺潺,高山(shan)瀑布飛(fei)流(liu)(liu)直下(xia),霧氣蒸(zheng)騰(teng),十分(fen)壯觀(guan)。石人溝(gou)內(nei)的(de)(de)溪流(liu)(liu),清(qing)澈見底(di),成群(qun)結(jie)隊的(de)(de)魚兒往來嬉游,即(ji)可休憩觀(guan)賞(shang),又可持(chi)竿垂釣。“恒山(shan)積雪(xue)(xue)”為大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)奇景(jing)之一(yi)。嚴冬時(shi)節,山(shan)峰多為積雪(xue)(xue)覆蓋,至(zhi)五(wu)月份才融化。春(chun)季游覽,山(shan)頂(ding)白雪(xue)(xue)皚(ai)皚(ai),山(shan)下(xia)流(liu)(liu)水(shui)淙淙,山(shan)間山(shan)花爛(lan)漫(man)。此時(shi)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan),既展(zhan)示著嚴冬雪(xue)(xue)峰的(de)(de)晶瑩與肅穆,又流(liu)(liu)淌(tang)著春(chun)天(tian)的(de)(de)柔情與溫馨。置身其間,深感神受,是一(yi)種奇妙(miao)無(wu)比的(de)(de)享(xiang)受。由于歷(li)史上的(de)(de)種種原(yuan)因,到(dao)清(qing)代順治(zhi)十七年(公元1660年),祭祀(si)北(bei)(bei)岳(yue)由曲陽北(bei)(bei)岳(yue)廟移至(zhi)山(shan)西(xi)渾(hun)源,但是大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)仍是這(zhe)方生民心目中(zhong)的(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)岳(yue),到(dao)大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)朝山(shan)進(jin)香者歷(li)來不絕,如(ru)今(jin)這(zhe)里更以其優美(mei)的(de)(de)自然景(jing)觀(guan)和相應的(de)(de)服(fu)務(wu)設施(shi),吸(xi)引眾多的(de)(de)游客。
大茂山野生植物(wu)(wu)眾多(duo),一年四季月月有花開(kai),適宜游覽、休閑、避(bi)暑和(he)野生植物(wu)(wu)考察。
四大特點
山勢高、雄渾偉奇
這是(shi)華北平(ping)原北部與太行山交接處,距保定120公里范圍內(nei)最高的(de)一(yi)座山。有(you)民俗(su)“神(shen)仙山40里,山頂有(you)一(yi)米,一(yi)天滾一(yi)寸(cun),幾(ji)年滾到底(di)”之說,形容(rong)山勢(shi)之高。它陡峭、巍峨、挺拔;最高處太乙峰1890米,上(shang)有(you)奶奶廟(即三霄圣母廟),香(xiang)火不斷。橫亙的(de)數百畝的(de)開闊(kuo)地(di)就(jiu)叫跑馬梁,顧名思義,平(ping)坦(tan)開闊(kuo)。
自然景觀多,充滿神秘感
山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)數(shu)不(bu)盡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自然景觀;尤以石窟(ku)、溶(rong)洞(dong)為最(zui)甚。南端四面懸崖(ya)絕(jue)壁(bi)(bi)上有(you)無(wu)數(shu)神(shen)(shen)秘的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)窟(ku),僅(jin)有(you)神(shen)(shen)話傳說的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就有(you)黃龍(long)洞(dong)、黑龍(long)洞(dong)、無(wu)底洞(dong)、老君(jun)洞(dong)、白(bai)虎洞(dong)、野馬(ma)(ma)洞(dong)等。黃龍(long)洞(dong)內碧水常年不(bu)斷(duan),盛夏冰(bing)涼刺骨,洞(dong)深無(wu)底,流出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)伴有(you)菜葉、菜根(gen)等雜物(wu),不(bu)知(zhi)源發何處。石窟(ku)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要數(shu)石城院村外(wai)山(shan)(shan)上石窟(ku)了(le)(le),3丈(zhang)寬、1丈(zhang)高、10丈(zhang)深。最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老君(jun)洞(dong)可(ke)容納200多(duo)人,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)些洞(dong)窟(ku)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)戰爭時期(qi)曾作過(guo)兵工(gong)廠,住過(guo)八路軍三(san)個(ge)團,三(san)個(ge)干(gan)休(所)院。此外(wai),小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道觀遺跡,在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)陽(yang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)褶皺處隨(sui)(sui)處可(ke)見。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)狹谷和峭壁(bi)(bi)之(zhi)上,橫空著古老的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)松柏和那飛流直下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瀑(pu)布(bu),特(te)別是(shi)(shi)那萬丈(zhang)崖(ya)之(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)跑(pao)馬(ma)(ma)梁(liang),更增(zeng)加了(le)(le)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)豁(huo)達和險(xian)遠(yuan)之(zhi)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)詳。這(zhe)(zhe)數(shu)百畝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)大(da)草(cao)原相傳是(shi)(shi)楊六郎馴馬(ma)(ma)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方。此外(wai),神(shen)(shen)仙(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神(shen)(shen)秘還(huan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于博大(da)變(bian)幻(huan),讓人難識(shi)真面目。有(you)兩層意(yi)思(si):一(yi)是(shi)(shi)說從(cong)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同方向登(deng)山(shan)(shan),只能看到(dao)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)側,就一(yi)般意(yi)義(yi)講,都(dou)市(shi)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人一(yi)天(tian)是(shi)(shi)登(deng)不(bu)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),所以大(da)部分(fen)人很難站在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)觀到(dao)整個(ge)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)面目;二(er)是(shi)(shi)說在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)、時段內,大(da)山(shan)(shan)時隱時現,變(bian)幻(huan)莫測。日(ri)(ri)出日(ri)(ri)落時,隨(sui)(sui)著溫度變(bian)化,遠(yuan)看其貌,霧靄(ai)彌漫(man),紫氣籠罩;放(fang)射著仙(xian)(xian)氣靈光;陰(yin)天(tian)看其狀(zhuang),是(shi)(shi)一(yi)座黑黝黝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黛青色(se)屏障,陰(yin)森恐(kong)怖(bu);最(zui)好(hao)看的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)雨過(guo)天(tian)晴,滿山(shan)(shan)如洗(xi),殘陽(yang)如血;在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)平時大(da)部分(fen)時間(jian)里,神(shen)(shen)仙(xian)(xian)山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)部都(dou)被云霧包裹(guo)著,與天(tian)相連,威嚴(yan)而神(shen)(shen)秘。
多雨,氣候濕涼,空氣新鮮
大(da)茂山(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)東(dong)南暖(nuan)濕(shi)(shi)氣(qi)流橫跨(kua)華北平(ping)原通向西北山(shan)(shan)(shan)地的(de)第一(yi)座屏(ping)(ping)障,由(you)(you)于海(hai)拔(ba)的(de)抬高,暖(nuan)濕(shi)(shi)氣(qi)流釋(shi)熱(re)而降雨,又由(you)(you)于西北部太行環繞,海(hai)拔(ba)2000米(mi)以上的(de)大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)從淶源到阜平(ping)成(cheng)(cheng)半環狀排列,形成(cheng)(cheng)天(tian)然屏(ping)(ping)障,阻擋了(le)冬季來自西北的(de)寒(han)流,所以在山(shan)(shan)(shan)周圍形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)一(yi)個夏天(tian)多雨濕(shi)(shi)涼,冬季出現逆溫,空(kong)氣(qi)流動(dong)滯(zhi)遲,溫度(du)相對較高的(de)特殊山(shan)(shan)(shan)地小氣(qi)侯。在山(shan)(shan)(shan)中憑空(kong)生云,有(you)云即雨,這就是(shi)民(min)間(jian)為什么將(jiang)神仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)跑(pao)馬梁說成(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)王母娘(niang)娘(niang)的(de)后花園,一(yi)年72場澆(jiao)花雨的(de)真(zhen)正原因(yin)。這里的(de)空(kong)氣(qi)是(shi)被霧靄過濾過的(de),清(qing)新、濕(shi)(shi)潤、沒有(you)塵埃。
鳥語花香,生物繁多
神仙山(shan)東側(ce)是(shi)(shi)唐縣林(lin)(lin)場,北側(ce)是(shi)(shi)淶源林(lin)(lin)場,西(xi)南側(ce)是(shi)(shi)阜(fu)平東風林(lin)(lin)場,在這兩萬(wan)五千多畝(mu)的(de)林(lin)(lin)場上,它針葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)、闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)混交;灌木(mu)叢(cong)生、花草(cao)遍布;林(lin)(lin)草(cao)豐茂,比如櫨(lu)、白樺、油松(song)、翠柏、楓樹、山(shan)榆、白楊、山(shan)杏、核(he)桃、山(shan)神木(mu)、葡萄、人(ren)參、靈芝(zhi)、黃芹、黨(dang)參;滿(man)山(shan)遍野(ye)(ye)飛(fei)禽走獸、野(ye)(ye)雉、山(shan)鷹、青(qing)羊(yang)、狍子、土豹、狼、狐貍(li)、野(ye)(ye)雞(ji)、野(ye)(ye)兔、小松(song)鼠、紅嘴鳥、鴉(ya)等野(ye)(ye)生動(dong)物(wu)(wu)隨處可(ke)見。它集太行山(shan)所有(you)動(dong)植物(wu)(wu)資源于(yu)一(yi)體(ti),呈現(xian)了(le)生物(wu)(wu)的(de)多樣性,是(shi)(shi)生物(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)保護較(jiao)好的(de)一(yi)個生物(wu)(wu)王國。
景區組成
大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)不僅具(ju)有(you)山(shan)(shan)清(qing)水秀之神(shen)(shen)韻(yun),更有(you)雄偉奇險之氣勢(shi)。大(da)茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)由20多(duo)座山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)組成(cheng),站在崖(ya)頂(ding),就可看到(dao)那峰(feng)(feng)(feng)連(lian)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)擁(yong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)壓(ya)峰(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)爭先(xian)的(de)(de)(de)壯觀景(jing)象(xiang)。其主峰(feng)(feng)(feng)太乙峰(feng)(feng)(feng),似(si)群峰(feng)(feng)(feng)之祖(zu),爺(ye)爺(ye)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、奶(nai)奶(nai)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、媳婦峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、母子峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、貞女峰(feng)(feng)(feng)諸峰(feng)(feng)(feng)環列,登(deng)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)極目遠(yuan)眺,天地(di)蒼茫,那連(lian)綿起伏(fu)的(de)(de)(de)群山(shan)(shan)像波(bo)濤洶(xiong)涌(yong)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)海漸(jian)漸(jian)遠(yuan)去。 在群山(shan)(shan)之中,隱藏(zang)(zang)著(zhu)很多(duo)極具(ju)觀賞(shang)價(jia)值的(de)(de)(de)天然洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴。在云遮霧(wu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)西坡絕壁上,有(you)神(shen)(shen)秘莫測的(de)(de)(de)黃龍洞(dong)(dong)(dong)和黑龍洞(dong)(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴幽深彎曲,洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內有(you)洞(dong)(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)內碧水常年(nian)不斷。這里還隱藏(zang)(zang)著(zhu)被(bei)稱為無底洞(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)幾十座洞(dong)(dong)(dong)穴,都是天然形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de),深不見(jian)底。還有(you)那些奇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)異(yi)石(shi)(shi)和附會著(zhu)美麗傳說的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)景(jing),如石(shi)(shi)人溝(gou)、長壽石(shi)(shi)、老佛(fo)石(shi)(shi)堂、菩(pu)薩(sa)山(shan)(shan)、棒槌山(shan)(shan)等,也都具(ju)有(you)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)觀賞(shang)價(jia)值。