歷史
大茂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)古稱恒(heng)(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),其(qi)歷史可上溯到傳說中(zhong)的(de)(de)三皇五帝(di)時期,據《史記·封禪書》記載,舜曾經到恒(heng)(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)祭(ji)祀(si)。漢文帝(di)時,因避諱緣(yuan)故,恒(heng)(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)曾改名為常山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。漢武(wu)帝(di)時,在(zai)(zai)河(he)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)曲陽(yang)設立北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳(yue)祠祭(ji)祀(si)。漢宣帝(di)神爵元年(nian)(前61年(nian)),詔封五岳(yue),其(qi)中(zhong)以恒(heng)(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)為北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳(yue)。北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)魏宣武(wu)帝(di)時,始在(zai)(zai)大茂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)南的(de)(de)曲陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)建北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳(yue)廟,之(zhi)后歷代多(duo)在(zai)(zai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳(yue)廟遙祭(ji)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳(yue)。北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)宋(song)時期,大茂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)一帶曾為宋(song)遼邊境。1193年(nian),析(xi)曲陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)部以及其(qi)他縣(xian)(xian)地置(zhi)阜平縣(xian)(xian),自此大茂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)不再(zai)隸屬(shu)曲陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian),但北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳(yue)廟仍位于曲陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)。明代中(zhong)后期,出(chu)現北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳(yue)在(zai)(zai)河(he)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)曲陽(yang)還是山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)渾(hun)源的(de)(de)爭論,但是當時仍將恒(heng)(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)定(ding)在(zai)(zai)河(he)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)曲陽(yang)。直到清順治(zhi)十七年(nian)(1660年(nian))七月(yue),北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)岳(yue)改為山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)渾(hun)源境內的(de)(de)恒(heng)(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。
景點簡介
大(da)茂山(shan)(shan)森林(lin)公(gong)園地處(chu)河(he)北(bei)省唐縣(xian)西北(bei)75公(gong)里處(chu),被(bei)譽為“華北(bei)碧珠”。大(da)茂山(shan)(shan)又(you)名神仙山(shan)(shan),古為北(bei)岳(yue)恒山(shan)(shan),巍巍太行的(de)(de)(de)主峰(feng)之(zhi)一,海拔(ba)1898米,雄居于(yu)保定(ding)阜平、唐縣(xian)、淶源三縣(xian)交界處(chu)。這里林(lin)濤云(yun)海,翠峰(feng)聳立(li),樹密草豐,響泉飛(fei)瀑。有南(nan)方山(shan)(shan)林(lin)的(de)(de)(de)秀(xiu)姿,有北(bei)方草原的(de)(de)(de)野趣,有黃(huang)山(shan)(shan)云(yun)海,有南(nan)岳(yue)云(yun)霧(wu),是一個入伏不(bu)見署(shu)的(de)(de)(de)清涼世界。大(da)茂山(shan)(shan)原始森林(lin)郁(yu)郁(yu)蔥(cong)蔥(cong),遮天蔽日,腳(jiao)(jiao)下(xia)蜿蜒小路被(bei)橫生的(de)(de)(de)灌木(mu)擠得模糊(hu)不(bu)清。越(yue)往上爬,山(shan)(shan)勢越(yue)險,山(shan)(shan)林(lin)越(yue)密,腳(jiao)(jiao)下(xia)云(yun)來如霧(wu),林(lin)海生煙。兩萬多畝(mu)山(shan)(shan)林(lin)中(zhong),有油松、白(bai)樺、山(shan)(shan)榆、白(bai)楊、翠柏(bo)、山(shan)(shan)杏(xing)、核桃等多種(zhong)林(lin)木(mu)。濃陰下(xia),有人參(can)、靈芝等中(zhong)草藥千余種(zhong),黃(huang)楊球、野山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)等千姿百態的(de)(de)(de)野花點綴其(qi)間,狍(pao)子(zi)、黃(huang)羊、小山(shan)(shan)貓的(de)(de)(de)身影忽隱忽現(xian)。
大茂山有(you)數(shu)(shu)以百計(ji)的天(tian)然(ran)景觀。北溝山泉汩(gu)(gu)汩(gu)(gu),溪水(shui)瀑布隨處可見。南端有(you)一(yi)眼黃龍洞(dong),洞(dong)中碧水(shui)常年(nian)不(bu)斷。頂(ding)(ding)峰南側有(you)數(shu)(shu)百畝(mu)的開闊地(di),碧草如毯(tan),是(shi)十足的草原(yuan)風(feng)光。如遇下雨,雨后(hou)在山頂(ding)(ding)遙看升騰的云霧,猶如軒身仙境。每逢(feng)冬春(chun),山頂(ding)(ding)積(ji)雪數(shu)(shu)日(ri)不(bu)化,“恒山積(ji)雪”成為(wei)著(zhu)名的唐縣古八(ba)景之(zhi)一(yi)。除觀光外,因(yin)大茂山野生植物眾多,還適宜野生植物考察。阜平境內一(yi)帶,還有(you)戰爭年(nian)代(dai)八(ba)路軍活動的遺跡,流(liu)傳著(zhu)許多鮮(xian)為(wei)人(ren)知的感人(ren)故事。
地理位置
大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園,是(shi)2005年(nian)12月被國家(jia)林(lin)(lin)業局批準設立的(de)(de)國家(jia)級(ji)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園,位于(yu)唐(tang)縣西(xi)北部,是(shi)通(tong)天河(he)的(de)(de)發源地,距縣城75公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,距北京、天津、石(shi)家(jia)莊(zhuang)分別(bie)為(wei)250公(gong)(gong)(gong)里、300公(gong)(gong)(gong)里、150公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,公(gong)(gong)(gong)路直(zhi)通(tong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)下(xia)(xia)。興建中的(de)(de)石(shi)張(zhang)高速在縣城留有(you)(you)出口,大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)距保阜高速引線40公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,交通(tong)便利,水(shui)、電、通(tong)訊(xun)條件良(liang)好(hao)。總(zong)面積(ji)1353.33公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃。這(zhe)里林(lin)(lin)濤(tao)云海,翠峰聳(song)立,樹密草豐(feng),響(xiang)泉飛瀑,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂草原環抱道觀(guan),崖上溶洞秘藏林(lin)(lin)間(jian),冬(dong)春(chun)積(ji)雪(xue)皚皚,夏(xia)秋紫(zi)氣升騰,勝似人(ren)間(jian)仙(xian)境。大茂(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)海拔1898米,由于(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高林(lin)(lin)密,動植物資源豐(feng)富(fu)。原始(shi)次生(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)郁郁蔥(cong)蔥(cong),遮天蔽(bi)日(ri),森(sen)林(lin)(lin)覆(fu)蓋率(lv)達56.6%,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)場(chang)上長滿了松、柏、楊、樺等樹木,特別(bie)是(shi)那萬(wan)畝翠綠的(de)(de)油松,以(yi)它(ta)特有(you)(you)的(de)(de)挺(ting)拔剛(gang)健之姿(zi),給(gei)人(ren)以(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)不息、欣(xin)欣(xin)向榮之感。南山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上,有(you)(you)數(shu)百(bai)畝山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)桃,每當初春(chun),那串串粉(fen)紅(hong)色的(de)(de)花蕾,在春(chun)風的(de)(de)撫摸下(xia)(xia),由山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下(xia)(xia)向山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上逐層開放(fang),花期(qi)持續20多(duo)天。從春(chun)到(dao)夏(xia),漫山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)遍野的(de)(de)野花野草,萬(wan)紫(zi)千紅(hong),競相斗艷,宛如一片花海。
在頂峰南側的(de)(de)跑馬梁上,有數百畝開闊(kuo)地。據(ju)傳,這(zhe)是楊(yang)六郎的(de)(de)練兵場。每到溫熱季節,這(zhe)里(li)(li)綠(lv)草如茵,繁花似錦,徜徉其間,仿佛到了塞外(wai)草原。草地上搭建有五彩六色的(de)(de)帳篷,在這(zhe)里(li)(li)野宿(su),清晨可以(yi)觀日出。
風景介紹
大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)乃唐河(he)支(zhi)流(liu)通天河(he)的(de)發源地,山(shan)(shan)(shan)內(nei)泉水(shui)汩(gu)汩(gu),流(liu)水(shui)潺潺,高山(shan)(shan)(shan)瀑布(bu)飛流(liu)直下(xia)(xia),霧氣蒸騰,十(shi)(shi)分(fen)壯觀。石人溝內(nei)的(de)溪(xi)流(liu),清(qing)(qing)澈見底,成群結隊的(de)魚(yu)兒(er)往來嬉游(you),即(ji)可休憩觀賞(shang),又(you)可持竿垂釣。“恒(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)積(ji)(ji)雪”為大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)奇景之一。嚴(yan)冬(dong)時(shi)節(jie),山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)多為積(ji)(ji)雪覆蓋,至五月(yue)份(fen)才融化。春季游(you)覽,山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂白雪皚(ai)皚(ai),山(shan)(shan)(shan)下(xia)(xia)流(liu)水(shui)淙(cong)(cong)淙(cong)(cong),山(shan)(shan)(shan)間(jian)(jian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)花爛漫。此時(shi)的(de)大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan),既展(zhan)示著(zhu)嚴(yan)冬(dong)雪峰(feng)(feng)的(de)晶瑩(ying)與肅穆,又(you)流(liu)淌著(zhu)春天的(de)柔情(qing)與溫馨。置身(shen)其(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian),深感神受,是(shi)一種奇妙(miao)無比的(de)享受。由于(yu)歷(li)史上的(de)種種原因,到清(qing)(qing)代(dai)順治(zhi)十(shi)(shi)七年(公元1660年),祭祀(si)北(bei)(bei)岳由曲陽(yang)北(bei)(bei)岳廟移至山(shan)(shan)(shan)西渾源,但是(shi)大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)仍是(shi)這方生民心目中的(de)北(bei)(bei)岳,到大(da)(da)茂(mao)(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)朝山(shan)(shan)(shan)進香者歷(li)來不(bu)絕,如今這里更以(yi)其(qi)(qi)優美的(de)自然景觀和相應的(de)服務設施,吸引眾多的(de)游(you)客。
大茂山(shan)野(ye)生植物眾多(duo),一年四季月(yue)月(yue)有花開,適(shi)宜(yi)游覽、休閑、避暑和野(ye)生植物考察。
四大特點
山勢高、雄渾偉奇
這是華北(bei)平原北(bei)部與太(tai)行山(shan)(shan)交接處,距保定120公里(li)范圍內(nei)最高的(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)座山(shan)(shan)。有民俗“神仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)40里(li),山(shan)(shan)頂有一(yi)(yi)(yi)米(mi),一(yi)(yi)(yi)天滾(gun)一(yi)(yi)(yi)寸,幾年滾(gun)到底”之說,形容山(shan)(shan)勢之高。它陡峭(qiao)、巍峨、挺拔(ba);最高處太(tai)乙峰1890米(mi),上有奶(nai)(nai)奶(nai)(nai)廟(即(ji)三霄圣母廟),香火不斷。橫亙(gen)的(de)數百畝(mu)的(de)開闊(kuo)地就叫(jiao)跑馬梁,顧名思(si)義,平坦開闊(kuo)。
自然景觀多,充滿神秘感
山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中有(you)(you)數不(bu)(bu)盡的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然景(jing)觀;尤以石(shi)窟(ku)、溶洞(dong)為最甚。南端四(si)面懸崖絕(jue)壁(bi)(bi)上有(you)(you)無(wu)數神(shen)秘的(de)(de)(de)(de)洞(dong)窟(ku),僅有(you)(you)神(shen)話(hua)傳(chuan)說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)就有(you)(you)黃(huang)龍(long)洞(dong)、黑(hei)龍(long)洞(dong)、無(wu)底(di)洞(dong)、老君洞(dong)、白虎(hu)洞(dong)、野馬洞(dong)等(deng)。黃(huang)龍(long)洞(dong)內(nei)碧水常年不(bu)(bu)斷,盛夏冰(bing)涼刺骨,洞(dong)深無(wu)底(di),流出的(de)(de)(de)(de)水中伴有(you)(you)菜(cai)葉、菜(cai)根等(deng)雜物,不(bu)(bu)知源發何處。石(shi)窟(ku)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要數石(shi)城院村外(wai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)上石(shi)窟(ku)了,3丈(zhang)寬、1丈(zhang)高、10丈(zhang)深。最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)老君洞(dong)可(ke)容(rong)納(na)200多人,在(zai)(zai)(zai)這些洞(dong)窟(ku)中,抗日戰(zhan)爭時(shi)期曾(ceng)作過(guo)兵工廠(chang),住過(guo)八路(lu)軍三(san)個團,三(san)個干(gan)休(所)院。此(ci)外(wai),小的(de)(de)(de)(de)道觀遺跡,在(zai)(zai)(zai)陽面的(de)(de)(de)(de)褶皺處隨處可(ke)見。在(zai)(zai)(zai)狹谷和峭壁(bi)(bi)之上,橫空著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)古(gu)老的(de)(de)(de)(de)松(song)柏和那飛(fei)流直下的(de)(de)(de)(de)瀑布,特別是那萬(wan)丈(zhang)崖之上的(de)(de)(de)(de)跑(pao)馬梁,更增加了山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)豁達和險(xian)遠之后的(de)(de)(de)(de)安詳(xiang)。這數百畝的(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)大(da)草原相(xiang)傳(chuan)是楊六(liu)郎馴馬的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)。此(ci)外(wai),神(shen)仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)神(shen)秘還在(zai)(zai)(zai)于博(bo)大(da)變幻,讓人難識(shi)真面目。有(you)(you)兩層意思:一(yi)(yi)是說(shuo)從(cong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同方(fang)向登山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),只能看(kan)(kan)到(dao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)側,就一(yi)(yi)般意義講(jiang),都市里的(de)(de)(de)(de)人一(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)是登不(bu)(bu)上的(de)(de)(de)(de),所以大(da)部(bu)分人很難站在(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)觀到(dao)整個山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)面目;二是說(shuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間、時(shi)段(duan)內(nei),大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)時(shi)隱時(shi)現,變幻莫測。日出日落時(shi),隨著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)溫度(du)變化,遠看(kan)(kan)其(qi)(qi)貌,霧靄彌(mi)漫,紫氣籠(long)罩;放(fang)射著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)仙(xian)氣靈(ling)光;陰(yin)天(tian)(tian)看(kan)(kan)其(qi)(qi)狀,是一(yi)(yi)座黑(hei)黝黝的(de)(de)(de)(de)黛青色屏障,陰(yin)森恐怖;最好看(kan)(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是雨過(guo)天(tian)(tian)晴,滿山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)如(ru)洗,殘陽如(ru)血(xue);在(zai)(zai)(zai)平時(shi)大(da)部(bu)分時(shi)間里,神(shen)仙(xian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)部(bu)都被云(yun)霧包裹(guo)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),與天(tian)(tian)相(xiang)連,威(wei)嚴而神(shen)秘。
多雨,氣候濕涼,空氣新鮮
大茂(mao)山是東南暖濕氣(qi)流橫(heng)跨(kua)華北平原通向西北山地(di)的(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)(yi)座屏(ping)(ping)障(zhang),由(you)于海拔的(de)(de)抬高,暖濕氣(qi)流釋(shi)熱(re)而降(jiang)雨(yu),又(you)由(you)于西北部太行(xing)環(huan)繞,海拔2000米以上的(de)(de)大山從淶源到阜平成(cheng)半環(huan)狀排列,形成(cheng)天(tian)然屏(ping)(ping)障(zhang),阻擋了(le)冬(dong)季來(lai)自西北的(de)(de)寒流,所以在(zai)山周圍形成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)夏天(tian)多雨(yu)濕涼,冬(dong)季出現逆溫(wen),空(kong)氣(qi)流動滯遲(chi),溫(wen)度相(xiang)對較高的(de)(de)特殊(shu)山地(di)小氣(qi)侯。在(zai)山中憑空(kong)生云,有(you)云即雨(yu),這(zhe)就是民間為什么將神仙山跑馬梁說成(cheng)是王母娘娘的(de)(de)后花園(yuan),一(yi)(yi)年72場澆花雨(yu)的(de)(de)真正原因。這(zhe)里(li)的(de)(de)空(kong)氣(qi)是被霧(wu)靄過(guo)濾(lv)過(guo)的(de)(de),清新、濕潤、沒(mei)有(you)塵埃。
鳥語花香,生物繁多
神仙山東(dong)側是(shi)(shi)唐縣林(lin)場(chang),北側是(shi)(shi)淶源林(lin)場(chang),西(xi)南(nan)側是(shi)(shi)阜平(ping)東(dong)風林(lin)場(chang),在(zai)這(zhe)兩萬五千多(duo)畝的(de)林(lin)場(chang)上,它針(zhen)葉(xie)林(lin)、闊葉(xie)林(lin)混交;灌(guan)木叢生(sheng)、花草遍布(bu);林(lin)草豐(feng)茂,比如櫨、白樺、油松(song)(song)、翠柏、楓樹、山榆、白楊、山杏、核桃(tao)、山神木、葡(pu)萄、人參、靈芝、黃芹、黨參;滿山遍野飛禽走獸、野雉(zhi)、山鷹、青羊(yang)、狍子、土豹、狼、狐貍、野雞、野兔、小(xiao)松(song)(song)鼠、紅嘴鳥(niao)、鴉等野生(sheng)動物隨處可見。它集太(tai)行(xing)山所有動植物資源于一體(ti),呈現(xian)了(le)生(sheng)物的(de)多(duo)樣性(xing),是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)物鏈保(bao)護較好的(de)一個生(sheng)物王國(guo)。
景區組成
大茂山不僅具有(you)(you)山清水(shui)(shui)秀之神韻(yun),更有(you)(you)雄(xiong)偉奇(qi)險之氣勢。大茂山由20多座山峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)組成,站(zhan)在(zai)崖(ya)頂,就可看到(dao)那峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)連峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)擁(yong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)壓峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)爭(zheng)先的(de)壯觀(guan)景(jing)象。其主峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)太(tai)乙峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng),似群峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)之祖,爺(ye)爺(ye)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、奶奶峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、媳(xi)婦峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、母子(zi)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、貞(zhen)女峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)諸(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)環列,登峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)極目遠眺(tiao),天(tian)地蒼茫,那連綿起伏的(de)群山像波(bo)濤洶涌的(de)大海漸漸遠去。 在(zai)群山之中,隱藏(zang)著很多極具觀(guan)賞價值(zhi)的(de)天(tian)然洞(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)。在(zai)云(yun)遮霧障的(de)西坡絕(jue)壁上,有(you)(you)神秘莫測的(de)黃(huang)龍(long)洞(dong)(dong)和黑龍(long)洞(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue)幽深彎曲,洞(dong)(dong)內有(you)(you)洞(dong)(dong),洞(dong)(dong)內碧水(shui)(shui)常(chang)年不斷。這里還(huan)隱藏(zang)著被(bei)稱為(wei)無底洞(dong)(dong)的(de)幾十座洞(dong)(dong)穴(xue)(xue),都(dou)(dou)是天(tian)然形(xing)成的(de),深不見底。還(huan)有(you)(you)那些奇(qi)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)異石(shi)和附會(hui)著美麗傳說的(de)石(shi)景(jing),如石(shi)人溝、長壽石(shi)、老佛石(shi)堂、菩薩山、棒槌山等,也都(dou)(dou)具有(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)觀(guan)賞價值(zhi)。