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相關項目

1、山東大鼓（梨花大鼓），編號：Ⅴ-4
（1）批次/類型：2008年(第二批)，擴展項目
（2）申報地區或單位：河北省雞澤縣
（3）保護單位：雞澤縣文化館
2、山東大鼓（梨花大鼓），編號：Ⅴ-4
（1）批次/類型：2008年(第二批)，擴展項目
（2）申報地區或單位：河北省威縣
（3）保護單位：威縣文化館（威縣美術館）
3、山東大鼓（山東省），編號：Ⅴ-4
（1）批次/類型：2006年(第一批)，新增項目
（2）申報地區或單位：山東省
（3）保護單位：山東省藝術研究院

歷史源流

據藝人師(shi)承譜系和(he)口(kou)碑傳說，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東大(da)鼓(gu)由漁鼓(gu)道情的孫(sun)趙(zhao)門衍(yan)化而來。已(yi)知(zhi)清(qing)嘉慶(qing)年間(jian)，孫(sun)趙(zhao)門山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東大(da)鼓(gu)河北籍藝人有五位(wei)姓名中(zhong)均帶"山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)"字，即威縣王奎山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、臨西呂(lv)連山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)李明山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、清(qing)河徐(xu)靠(kao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)臨城馮云山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，時(shi)稱"五大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)"。自清(qing)嘉慶(qing)至民國二十(shi)六年(1937)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東大(da)鼓(gu)在冀魯兩(liang)省南起聊(liao)城、臨清(qing)，北至德州(zhou)、滄州(zhou)的大(da)運河兩(liang)岸十(shi)分興盛，并形成(cheng)三(san)個支派。

一(yi)(yi)支是(shi)以(yi)故(gu)城縣為基點(dian)的"老(lao)(lao)北(bei)(bei)口"派，向北(bei)(bei)傳至滄州地(di)區吳(wu)橋、東光、南皮等縣。其(qi)(qi)代(dai)表人物是(shi)何老(lao)(lao)鳳及(ji)其(qi)(qi)傳人董(dong)天佐、桑天佑、劉(liu)天秀、魯(lu)泰(tai)昌(chang)、王(wang)泰(tai)恒、孫泰(tai)秋、張(zhang)泰(tai)泉、傅泰(tai)臣、劉(liu)泰(tai)清、周泰(tai)喜、王(wang)福貞等。"老(lao)(lao)北(bei)(bei)口"派的書目多為中篇(pian)(pian)，主要有(you)《瓦崗(gang)寨》、《呼家將》、《包(bao)公(gong)案》、《劉(liu)公(gong)案》等。短篇(pian)(pian)以(yi)三國段(duan)居多，如(ru)《草(cao)船借箭》、《華容(rong)道》、《單(dan)刀會》等，還有(you)本曲種特有(you)的小段(duan)如(ru)《小黑驢》、《一(yi)(yi)窩黑》等。

第二(er)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)宮縣(xian)(xian)(xian)為基點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"小(xiao)(xiao)北口(kou)"派，代表人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)物是(shi)(shi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)風(feng)梧、宋四(si)(si)莫(mo)。在(zai)(zai)"小(xiao)(xiao)北口(kou)"這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)派里，又(you)有三(san)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：其(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)流行(xing)在(zai)(zai)衡(heng)水、棗(zao)強(qiang)、景縣(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，當地(di)稱(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)為"怯大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)"、"鐵片大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)"、"鼓(gu)碰(peng)弦"。藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)"莫(mo)、振(zhen)(zhen)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)、田"譜(pu)系傳(chuan)代，據衡(heng)水市北田村木板大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)李田奎講，這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)師(shi)祖是(shi)(shi)宋四(si)(si)莫(mo)，宋收徒李振(zhen)(zhen)邦、李振(zhen)(zhen)起、劉(liu)振(zhen)(zhen)湖、閻振(zhen)(zhen)莊等(deng)(deng)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)來這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)派的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)改唱(chang)木板大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)；其(qi)二(er)是(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)至交河(he)、河(he)間、肅(su)寧、獻縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)分支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)(zai)當地(di)稱(cheng)(cheng)為山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)調(diao)兒，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)柳兒。這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)風(feng)梧、宋四(si)(si)莫(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，交河(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)李振(zhen)(zhen)邦在(zai)(zai)成(cheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，自(zi)立門(men)(men)戶，以(yi)(yi)"振(zhen)(zhen)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、進(jin)(金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin))、相、永(yong)、祥(xiang)、和(he)(he)(he)(he)、智、瑞、升"排(pai)序傳(chuan)衍出(chu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)世紀(ji)三(san)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)代，在(zai)(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)出(chu)現了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批出(chu)類拔萃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)獻縣(xian)(xian)(xian)楊進(jin)楨、肅(su)寧石(shi)進(jin)奎名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)望最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)。這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)行(xing)藝(yi)(yi)范圍廣(guang)(guang)，除冀(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)村外(wai)，還(huan)進(jin)入京、津(jin)、保(bao)定等(deng)(deng)大(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)城(cheng)市，以(yi)(yi)及山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)、北京、內(nei)蒙、東(dong)三(san)省(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部分城(cheng)鄉。著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)還(huan)有楊俊(jun)杰、櫪(li)俊(jun)祥(xiang)、王(wang)(wang)祥(xiang)林、任相臣、申相琴、沈相廷、王(wang)(wang)艷(yan)永(yong)、王(wang)(wang)風(feng)永(yong)、齊鶴鳴(ming)等(deng)(deng)。在(zai)(zai)藝(yi)(yi)術上，不(bu)僅兼有"小(xiao)(xiao)北口(kou)"支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)派的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特色(se)和(he)(he)(he)(he)傳(chuan)統(tong)，還(huan)有所(suo)創新，吸(xi)收了(le)(le)西(xi)(xi)河(he)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)巧(qiao)、俏的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)唱(chang)法，突破了(le)(le)死(si)口(kou)實詞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)說(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)形式，唱(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加白、白中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加唱(chang)，自(zi)由(you)隨意。代表書(shu)(shu)(shu)目(mu)有《黃愛(ai)玉上墳(fen)》、《秦瓊(qiong)賣馬(ma)》、《少英烈(lie)》等(deng)(deng)；其(qi)三(san)是(shi)(shi)"小(xiao)(xiao)北口(kou)"派傳(chuan)至石(shi)家莊地(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、束鹿一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶(dai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，當地(di)稱(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)為梅(mei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)調(diao)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)柳、鼓(gu)碰(peng)弦等(deng)(deng)，這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)派是(shi)(shi)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)鳳梧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門(men)(men)徒南(nan)(nan)(nan)宮楊老(lao)孔(kong)、寧晉蘇(su)玉堂(二(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)未排(pai)字)所(suo)傳(chuan)，該支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)演唱(chang)曲調(diao)和(he)(he)(he)(he)書(shu)(shu)(shu)目(mu)與(yu)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)鳳梧所(suo)傳(chuan)無大(da)(da)(da)區(qu)別。曾于(yu)二(er)十(shi)(shi)世紀(ji)三(san)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)代盛行(xing)冀(ji)南(nan)(nan)(nan)西(xi)(xi)部地(di)區(qu)．抗日戰爭爆發后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，逐漸衰(shuai)落(luo)(luo)，幾成(cheng)絕(jue)唱(chang)．二(er)十(shi)(shi)世紀(ji)七(qi)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)代末(mo)，石(shi)家莊地(di)區(qu)文化部門(men)(men)對當時(shi)稱(cheng)(cheng)做梅(mei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)調(diao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進(jin)行(xing)大(da)(da)(da)規(gui)模挖掘搶救，搜集整理了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些文字和(he)(he)(he)(he)音樂(le)資料．但表演后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)繼乏(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren) 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 。第三(san)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)邢臺(tai)地(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)威縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、新河(he)為主要活動(dong)地(di)區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"南(nan)(nan)(nan)口(kou)"派山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)，該支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)"梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)"之(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)被叫得最(zui)響，叉稱(cheng)(cheng)犁鏵(hua)片、倒扒口(kou)。流行(xing)于(yu)邢臺(tai)、邯(han)鄲大(da)(da)(da)部地(di)區(qu)。是(shi)(shi)"五(wu)大(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)"中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)徐靠山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、李明山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)及其(qi)門(men)(men)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)發展起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。徐靠山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、李明山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)均(jun)(jun)成(cheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)于(yu)清(qing)嘉慶(qing)二(er)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(1815)前后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。徐靠山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)康興重、張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)興本、張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)興隆(long)、張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)興立、孫(sun)春(chun)(chun)(chun)瑜(yu)、吳春(chun)(chun)(chun)華、潘(pan)春(chun)(chun)(chun)聚等(deng)(deng)，都是(shi)(shi)清(qing)末(mo)民(min)(min)初名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)噪冀(ji)南(nan)(nan)(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。孫(sun)春(chun)(chun)(chun)瑜(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)徒李利(li)杰、韓利(li)來、吳利(li)祥(xiang)、趙(zhao)利(li)俊(jun)、楊利(li)忠(zhong)、陳利(li)江均(jun)(jun)為著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)演員(yuan)，尤以(yi)(yi)陳利(li)江名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)聲最(zui)大(da)(da)(da)，水平最(zui)高(gao)，在(zai)(zai)冀(ji)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)、魯西(xi)(xi)北地(di)區(qu)，被譽為"第一(yi)(yi)(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)書(shu)(shu)(shu)響將"，紅(hong)極一(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)世紀(ji)三(san)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)代，李明山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)(men)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)"字輩名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有孫(sun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)枝(zhi)(女)、孫(sun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)蘭(lan)(女)、劉(liu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)榜、郭老(lao)彬、趙(zhao)桂存、張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)廣(guang)(guang)興等(deng)(deng)。除上述藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)外(wai)，程長會、李和(he)(he)(he)(he)春(chun)(chun)(chun)、張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)明斗、劉(liu)成(cheng)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。也是(shi)(shi)有名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。"南(nan)(nan)(nan)口(kou)"派山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)演出(chu)書(shu)(shu)(shu)目(mu)，短篇(pian)有《薦諸葛(ge)》、《古城(cheng)會》、《讓成(cheng)都》等(deng)(deng)"三(san)國段"，和(he)(he)(he)(he)《寶玉探病》、《下西(xi)(xi)廂》、《丁(ding)香(xiang)割肉》、《雪梅(mei)吊(diao)孝》、《小(xiao)(xiao)黑驢》、《小(xiao)(xiao)黑牛(niu)》等(deng)(deng)共百余篇(pian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)篇(pian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)目(mu)有《李天保(bao)吊(diao)孝》、《大(da)(da)(da)宋金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)球》、《海公案》、《五(wu)女興唐》、《響馬(ma)傳(chuan)》、《絲(si)絨計》等(deng)(deng)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)余部，二(er)十(shi)(shi)世紀(ji)四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)代后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)逐漸衰(shuai)落(luo)(luo)，許多藝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)改唱(chang)河(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)墜(zhui)子(zi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)木板大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)共和(he)(he)(he)(he)國成(cheng)立后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，在(zai)(zai)冀(ji)南(nan)(nan)(nan)地(di)區(qu)，專唱(chang)梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)僅有孫(sun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)枝(zhi)、孫(sun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)蘭(lan)姐妹二(er)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。1958年(nian)(nian)河(he)北省(sheng)首(shou)屆曲藝(yi)(yi)會演時(shi)，孫(sun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)枝(zhi)、趙(zhao)桂存演唱(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)均(jun)(jun)獲演員(yuan)二(er)等(deng)(deng)獎。1979年(nian)(nian)孫(sun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)枝(zhi)演唱(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)《廣(guang)(guang)場思親(qin)》在(zai)(zai)河(he)北人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)廣(guang)(guang)播(bo)電臺(tai)錄音播(bo)放(fang)。二(er)十(shi)(shi)世紀(ji)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)代初，威縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、廣(guang)(guang)宗縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)寧津(jin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)(deng)地(di)均(jun)(jun)邀請(qing)孫(sun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)枝(zhi)舉辦過(guo)梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)講習班，培(pei)養新人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，但收效(xiao)甚微，至二(er)十(shi)(shi)世紀(ji)八(ba)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期孫(sun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)枝(zhi)去世后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，梨(li)(li)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)在(zai)(zai)冀(ji)南(nan)(nan)(nan)幾成(cheng)絕(jue)響。

藝術特色

山東(dong)大(da)(da)鼓的演(yan)(yan)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)形(xing)式(shi)多(duo)為單人站唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，也有(you)(you)二人對(dui)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)形(xing)式(shi)。主要伴(ban)奏(zou)樂器為矮腳小鼓、大(da)(da)三(san)弦(xian)和月牙板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(也叫梨花片)。演(yan)(yan)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)時演(yan)(yan)員(yuan)右手(shou)執鼓楗擊鼓，左手(shou)操鋼板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)敲擊演(yan)(yan)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，樂師以三(san)弦(xian)伴(ban)奏(zou)。唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)腔(qiang)屬板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)腔(qiang)體(ti)，一(yi)般分慢板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(又稱(cheng)頭板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban))、二板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(流水板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban))、三(san)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、快(kuai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)等(deng)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)式(shi)。其(qi)書目主要是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)篇，唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)自(zi)相間，短段只唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)不(bu)說。三(san)個支派的唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)腔(qiang)與書目又各(ge)具不(bu)同的特點(dian)與風(feng)格。"老北口"派唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)腔(qiang)粗獷(guang)、豪放，其(qi)開頭腔(qiang)是(shi)用頭板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或(huo)類似頭板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的二板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)起(qi)腔(qiang)，速(su)度慢，尾音(yin)長，板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)起(qi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)落(luo)，咬字狠(hen)，吐字真(zhen)，落(luo)音(yin)重，字密聲(sheng)促，善(shan)用頓音(yin)，其(qi)旋律似說似唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)自(zi)然(ran)流暢(chang)。故(gu)有(you)(you)"老牛大(da)(da)摔(shuai)韁"的俗稱(cheng)；"小北口"派的演(yan)(yan)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)風(feng)格，溶入借鑒了一(yi)些(xie)(xie)西河大(da)(da)鼓的技法，較(jiao)之(zhi)"老北口"顯得巧俏，委婉細膩，善(shan)說演(yan)(yan)"文書"，唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)加敘；"南(nan)口"派的唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)腔(qiang)婉轉悠揚，曲調華麗細膩，字少腔(qiang)繁，節奏(zou)舒緩。除板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)腔(qiang)體(ti)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)腔(qiang)外，"南(nan)口"派還有(you)(you)一(yi)些(xie)(xie)曲牌(pai)體(ti)唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)腔(qiang)，叫牌(pai)子(zi)腔(qiang)，分快(kuai)慢兩種，只在(zai)特殊唱(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)段如《小黑驢》、《小黑牛》、《王二姐思(si)夫》中(zhong)(zhong)使用。

代表作品

山東(dong)大(da)鼓(gu)傳(chuan)統節目繁(fan)多，已知有(you)中篇《三(san)全鎮(zhen)(zhen)》、《金鎖鎮(zhen)(zhen)》、《大(da)破孟州》、《大(da)送嫁》、《范孟亭推車》等數十(shi)部；短篇段(duan)兒書尤為豐富(fu)，以(yi)《三(san)國》題材的(de)(de)唱段(duan)最多，有(you)《東(dong)嶺關》、《長坂坡》、《河北尋兄》等六十(shi)余(yu)段(duan)；其次(ci)是《紅樓夢》題材的(de)(de)唱段(duan)，有(you)《黛(dai)玉(yu)葬花》、《寶玉(yu)探病》等十(shi)余(yu)段(duan)；《水(shui)滸》唱段(duan)有(you)《李逵奪魚》、《燕青(qing)打(da)擂》等。另外還有(you)一(yi)些(xie)根(gen)據戲曲故(gu)事(shi)(shi)、民間(jian)傳(chuan)說故(gu)事(shi)(shi)編寫的(de)(de)唱段(duan)，以(yi)及(ji)由子弟(di)書移(yi)植(zhi)過來的(de)(de)唱段(duan)等，共(gong)計(ji)二百余(yu)段(duan)。

傳承意義

山東(dong)大鼓歷(li)史悠久，音樂唱(chang)腔獨特，節目蘊藏豐(feng)富，地方色彩濃郁，它直(zhi)接促(cu)發了山東(dong)快書的形成，并對"喬派(pai)"河(he)南墜子和西(xi)河(he)大鼓等的形成與發展產(chan)生過重大影響，具有很高(gao)的歷(li)史文化價(jia)值。20世紀(ji)后期(qi)以來，山東(dong)大鼓逐漸趨于衰落，現在僅有少數演(yan)員還(huan)能演(yan)出，亟待扶持保護。