人物簡介
王詵(1036年-1093年后,一作(zuo)1048年-1104年后)〔北宋〕字(zi)晉卿,太原(今屬山西)人,居(ju)開(kai)封(feng)(今屬河南)。出身貴(gui)族,娶英宗趙曙之女蜀國公主為妻,官(guan)駙馬(ma)都(dou)尉(wei)及定(ding)州(zhou)(zhou)觀察使、利州(zhou)(zhou)防(fang)御使。元(yuan)(yuan)豐(feng)(feng)二年(1079年)坐罪落(luo)駙馬(ma)都(dou)尉(wei),責(ze)授昭化軍節(jie)度行軍司(si)馬(ma),均(jun)州(zhou)(zhou)安(an)置,移潁州(zhou)(zhou)。元(yuan)(yuan)祐元(yuan)(yuan)年(1086年),復登州(zhou)(zhou)刺史、駙馬(ma)都(dou)尉(wei)。卒諡榮安(an)。能詩善畫,亦工詞(ci)(ci),詞(ci)(ci)風清麗(li),然(ran)欠豐(feng)(feng)容宛轉。今有趙萬里輯《王晉卿詞(ci)(ci)》。
其(qi)家(jia)(jia)筑“寶(bao)繪堂”,藏(zang)(zang)歷代法書名畫日夕觀摩(mo),精(jing)于鑒賞,蘇軾(shi)為之記。廣交蘇軾(shi)、黃(huang)庭(ting)堅、米芾(fei)、秦(qin)觀、李公麟(lin)等(deng)眾多文(wen)人雅士,“析(xi)奇(qi)賞異”,酬詩唱和(he)(he),李公麟(lin)曾畫《西園雅集(ji)圖(tu)》以紀勝,其(qi)風(feng)(feng)流蘊藉(jie)有王(wang)謝家(jia)(jia)風(feng)(feng)氣。能詩,亦工山(shan)水,學李成(cheng)皴(cun)法,以李思訓(xun)金碧統之,溶兩家(jia)(jia)法規而出(chu)新意,在水墨(mo)勾皴(cun)基礎上,“不(bu)古不(bu)今(jin),自成(cheng)一家(jia)(jia)”,獨具風(feng)(feng)貌。喜畫“煙(yan)江遠壑,柳溪漁(yu)浦,晴嵐絕澗,寒林幽谷,桃溪葦村”等(deng)他人難狀之景,將(jiang)錦(jin)繡河(he)山(shan)展現(xian)畫幅中,深得好評。蘇軾(shi)謂(wei)其(qi)“得破墨(mo)三昧(mei)”,有“鄭虔三絕居有二(er),筆執挽回三百年”句。兼(jian)寫墨(mo)竹(zhu),學文(wen)同。亦工書,真、行、草(cao)、隸皆精(jing)。《宣(xuan)和(he)(he)畫譜》著錄御府藏(zang)(zang)其(qi)作(zuo)品(pin)有《幽谷春歸圖(tu)》《晴嵐曉景圖(tu)》《煙(yan)嵐晴曉圖(tu)》《煙(yan)江疊(die)嶂圖(tu)》等(deng)35件。傳世(shi)作(zuo)品(pin)有《漁(yu)村小雪圖(tu)》卷(juan),現(xian)藏(zang)(zang)故宮(gong)博(bo)物院;《煙(yan)江疊(die)嶂圖(tu)》卷(juan),藏(zang)(zang)上海博(bo)物館。
王詵妻寶(bao)安(an)公主(1051年-1080年),宋英宗第(di)二女,母(mu)宣仁(ren)圣(sheng)烈皇后。
嘉(jia)祐八(ba)年(nian)(1063年(nian)),封寶安(an)公(gong)主。宋神宗即位(wei),進(jin)舒國長公(gong)主,改蜀國長公(gong)主,下嫁左衛(wei)將軍(jun)王詵。
王詵母盧氏寡居,公主住在近處,每天給婆婆進(jin)獻美食。盧氏生病,公主親自調和湯(tang)劑奉上(shang)。皇(huang)帝厚待姊妹,因此(ci)(ci)公主府第(di)池花園服飾珍玩極其華麗(li)。公主因不能每天在寶慈宮(gong)服侍宣仁皇(huang)后(hou),常(chang)常(chang)郁(yu)郁(yu)不樂。有時干熱不雨,宋(song)(song)神宗(zong)減少(shao)享受以祈禱,公主也是如此(ci)(ci),說:“我(wo)的俸祿皆出于朝廷,固應同(tong)同(tong)喜同(tong)悲。”宋(song)(song)神宗(zong)為(wei)慈圣光獻皇(huang)后(hou)居喪,哀(ai)傷(shang)過(guo)度,公主說:“吾與皇(huang)上(shang)同(tong)母所生,視此(ci)(ci)亦復(fu)保聊!”馬上(shang)遣散(san)歌舞三十人。
元(yuan)豐三年(1080年),公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)病篤。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)性(xing)不妒忌(ji),王詵(shen)以是放(fang)縱自己,曾經被貶官(guan)。高太(tai)后親(qin)臨探病,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)已(yi)不省人事,太(tai)后大哭(ku),公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)很(hen)久后稍能(neng)說(shuo)話,說(shuo)自己必定好不起來了,握著母親(qin)的手哭(ku)泣。宋(song)神宗(zong)隨后到(dao)達,親(qin)自為(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)診脈,端著粥喂(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)勉強為(wei)皇帝都吃了。皇帝賜公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)金帛六千,再問有(you)什么要求,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)只是請恢復(fu)王詵(shen)官(guan)職(zhi)而已(yi)。這時,宋(song)神宗(zong)命王詵(shen)官(guan)復(fu)原職(zhi),來安慰公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。第二(er)天,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)薨(hong)逝(shi),年三十歲。宋(song)神宗(zong)未沒有(you)吃飯(fan)即駕往(wang),望(wang)第門而哭(ku),輟朝五日。追封越國長(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),謚(shi)賢(xian)惠。后進封大長(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),累改秦(qin)、荊、魏(wei)三國大長(chang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。
公主(zhu)好讀古(gu)文,喜筆札(zha),周濟親屬,朝野內外稱賢。王(wang)詵(shen)不拘小節(jie),和小妾(qie)在(zai)公主(zhu)身邊為(wei)非(fei)作歹,小妾(qie)常常觸犯公主(zhu)。公主(zhu)去世(shi)后,乳母告發,宋神(shen)宗命徹底追(zhui)查(cha),杖打(da)八妾(qie)并(bing)把她們婚配兵卒。公主(zhu)既葬,貶謫王(wang)詵(shen)到均州(zhou)。子王(wang)彥弼,三歲去世(shi)。