《越絕外傳記寶(bao)劍》第十三
昔者,越王句踐有寶劍五,聞於天下。客有能相劍者,名薛燭。王召而問之,曰:「吾有寶(bao)劍(jian)五(wu),請(qing)以(yi)示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。」薛(xue)燭(zhu)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):「愚理不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足以(yi)言,大王(wang)請(qing),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)已。」乃召掌者(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)使(shi)取毫曹。薛(xue)燭(zhu)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):「毫曹,非(fei)寶(bao)劍(jian)也(ye)(ye)。夫寶(bao)劍(jian),五(wu)色并見,莫能(neng)相勝。毫曹已擅名矣,非(fei)寶(bao)劍(jian)也(ye)(ye)。」王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):「取巨(ju)(ju)闕。」薛(xue)燭(zhu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):「非(fei)寶(bao)劍(jian)也(ye)(ye)。寶(bao)劍(jian)者(zhe)(zhe),金(jin)(jin)錫(xi)和銅(tong)(tong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)離。今(jin)巨(ju)(ju)闕已離矣,非(fei)寶(bao)劍(jian)也(ye)(ye)。」王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):「然(ran)巨(ju)(ju)闕初成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),吾坐於露壇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,宮人(ren)有(you)四駕白鹿(lu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)過(guo)者(zhe)(zhe),車奔鹿(lu)驚,吾引(yin)劍(jian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)指(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),四駕上飛揚,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)其(qi)絕也(ye)(ye)。穿銅(tong)(tong)釜,絕鐵?,胥(xu)中決如(ru)粢米,故曰(yue)(yue)(yue)巨(ju)(ju)闕。」王(wang)取純(chun)鈞,薛(xue)燭(zhu)聞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),忽如(ru)敗。有(you)頃,懼如(ru)悟。下(xia)階(jie)而(er)(er)(er)(er)深惟,簡衣而(er)(er)(er)(er)坐望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。手振拂(fu)揚,其(qi)華捽(zu)如(ru)芙蓉始(shi)出。觀其(qi)釽,爛如(ru)列星之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing);觀其(qi)光,渾渾如(ru)水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溢於塘;觀其(qi)斷,巖(yan)巖(yan)如(ru)瑣石;觀其(qi)才,煥煥如(ru)冰釋。「此所謂純(chun)鈞耶?」王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):「是也(ye)(ye)。客(ke)有(you)直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),有(you)市之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)二,駿(jun)馬千(qian)疋(pi),千(qian)戶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都二,可(ke)乎(hu)?」薛(xue)燭(zhu)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):「不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)。當造此劍(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),赤堇(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山,破而(er)(er)(er)(er)出錫(xi);若耶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溪(xi),涸而(er)(er)(er)(er)出銅(tong)(tong);雨師(shi)掃灑(sa),雷(lei)公擊橐;蛟龍捧鑪,天帝(di)裝炭(tan);太一(yi)下(xia)觀,天精(jing)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。歐冶乃因天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)神(shen),悉其(qi)伎巧,造為大刑(xing)三、小(xiao)(xiao)刑(xing)二:一(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)湛(zhan)盧(lu)(lu)(lu),二曰(yue)(yue)(yue)純(chun)鈞,三曰(yue)(yue)(yue)勝邪,四曰(yue)(yue)(yue)魚腸,五(wu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)巨(ju)(ju)闕。吳(wu)王(wang)闔(he)廬(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),得(de)其(qi)勝邪、魚腸、湛(zhan)盧(lu)(lu)(lu)。闔(he)廬(lu)無道,子(zi)女死(si),殺生以(yi)送之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。湛(zhan)盧(lu)(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian),去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)水(shui),行(xing)秦過(guo)楚(chu),楚(chu)王(wang)臥(wo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)寤,得(de)吳(wu)王(wang)湛(zhan)盧(lu)(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian),將(jiang)首魁漂而(er)(er)(er)(er)存焉。秦王(wang)聞而(er)(er)(er)(er)求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de),興師(shi)擊楚(chu),曰(yue)(yue)(yue):『與我(wo)湛(zhan)盧(lu)(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian),還師(shi)去汝。』楚(chu)王(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與。時(shi)闔(he)廬(lu)又以(yi)魚腸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)刺(ci)(ci)吳(wu)王(wang)僚,使(shi)披(pi)腸夷(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲(jia)三事(shi)。闔(he)廬(lu)使(shi)專諸為奏炙(zhi)魚者(zhe)(zhe),引(yin)劍(jian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)刺(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),遂弒王(wang)僚。此其(qi)小(xiao)(xiao)試於敵邦(bang),未見其(qi)大用於天下(xia)也(ye)(ye)。今(jin)赤堇(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山已合,若耶溪(xi)深而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)測(ce)。群神(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)下(xia),歐冶子(zi)即死(si)。雖復傾城量金(jin)(jin),珠玉竭河,猶不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)得(de)此一(yi)物(wu),有(you)市之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)二、駿(jun)馬千(qian)疋(pi)、千(qian)戶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都二,何足言哉!
純鈞是(shi)一(yi)把尊貴無雙之(zhi)(zhi)劍。春秋時期,一(yi)個(ge)風和日麗的(de)午后(hou),經過數(shu)年臥薪嘗(chang)膽(dan)終于擊敗吳國(guo)(guo)的(de)越王勾踐,睡(shui)了(le)一(yi)個(ge)甜(tian)美的(de)午覺(jue)醒了(le)過來,心情非(fei)常(chang)舒暢。飲了(le)一(yi)壺上好(hao)的(de)龍(long)井新茶后(hou),勾踐興致勃勃地派(pai)手下去(qu)找(zhao)一(yi)個(ge)人(ren)。這個(ge)人(ren)就(jiu)是(shi)薛(xue)(xue)燭。薛(xue)(xue)燭是(shi)秦國(guo)(guo)人(ren),此時正在越國(guo)(guo)游歷。薛(xue)(xue)燭雖(sui)然年紀(ji)輕(qing)輕(qing),但卻已經名(ming)動列國(guo)(guo),被人(ren)稱為天下第一(yi)相劍大師。不大一(yi)會兒,眉(mei)清目秀文質彬彬的(de)薛(xue)(xue)燭就(jiu)趕來了(le)。賓主一(yi)番(fan)客套(tao)寒暄之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),就(jiu)帶著隨從來到(dao)室外寬(kuan)闊的(de)露臺之(zhi)(zhi)上。
越王勾(gou)踐酷愛(ai)刀(dao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian),這(zhe)個(ge)露臺高(gao)達(da)數丈,氣勢舒張(zhang),光線充沛,專(zhuan)門用來(lai)看(kan)(kan)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)賞刀(dao)。落座之后,勾(gou)踐掃了(le)一眼身邊的(de)薛燭(zhu),心想這(zhe)個(ge)年輕(qing)人雖然年紀輕(qing)輕(qing)但卻閱劍(jian)(jian)(jian)無數,一般刀(dao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)肯(ken)定難入他的(de)法眼,于是,勾(gou)踐一開口(kou)就叫手下取來(lai)了(le)自己頗為得意的(de)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian):毫曹。哪知,薛燭(zhu)走(zou)馬觀花地(di)看(kan)(kan)了(le)一遍,隨便地(di)說了(le)一句(ju):“這(zhe)兩把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)有缺點(dian),毫曹和(he)巨闕。哪知,薛燭(zhu)對二(er)者并無佳評:“這(zhe)兩把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)有缺點(dian),毫曹光華(hua)散淡,巨闕質地(di)趨粗,不(bu)能算寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)。”
勾(gou)踐(jian)頗感意(yi)(yi)(yi)外,覺(jue)得(de)很沒面子(zi)(zi),他(ta)想(xiang)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)想(xiang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)咬牙,俯在一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)貼身(shen)侍從(cong)(cong)耳(er)邊吩咐了(le)(le)(le)幾(ji)句,過了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)會兒,侍從(cong)(cong)率(lv)領幾(ji)百個(ge)鐵(tie)甲武(wu)士護送(song)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)把寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)來(lai)到(dao)臺下。薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)感到(dao)好笑,問(wen)道(dao)(dao):“大王這(zhe)(zhe)么(me)興師(shi)動(dong)眾(zhong),拿來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)什么(me)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)啊?”勾(gou)踐(jian)對薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)態度(du)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)絲不快(kuai),他(ta)沒好氣地(di)吐出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)兩個(ge)字:“純鈞”。只聽見“咣啷”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聲(sheng),薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)從(cong)(cong)座位(wei)上(shang)仰面摔倒,束發的(de)(de)(de)金釵掉在地(di)上(shang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頭(tou)長發披(pi)散(san)下來(lai),面色(se)突然(ran)凝住、呆滯。好大一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)會兒,才(cai)突然(ran)驚醒,只見他(ta)腳尖點地(di)幾(ji)個(ge)縱躍掠下臺階,來(lai)到(dao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前,深(shen)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)躬,然(ran)后又表情肅(su)然(ran)地(di)整理好自己的(de)(de)(de)衣服,從(cong)(cong)侍者手中接過寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),小心翼(yi)翼(yi)地(di)敲(qiao)了(le)(le)(le)幾(ji)敲(qiao)掂了(le)(le)(le)幾(ji)掂之(zhi)后方才(cai)將劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)從(cong)(cong)鞘中緩緩拔出(chu)。只見一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)團光華(hua)綻放而(er)出(chu)宛(wan)如(ru)出(chu)水的(de)(de)(de)芙蓉雍容(rong)而(er)清(qing)冽,劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)柄上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)雕飾如(ru)星(xing)宿運行(xing)閃出(chu)深(shen)邃的(de)(de)(de)光芒(mang),劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)身(shen)、陽光渾然(ran)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體象清(qing)水漫過池塘從(cong)(cong)容(rong)而(er)舒(shu)緩,而(er)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刃就(jiu)象壁立千(qian)丈的(de)(de)(de)斷(duan)崖崇高而(er)巍峨……過了(le)(le)(le)好久,薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)才(cai)用顫抖(dou)的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)音問(wen)道(dao)(dao):“這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)純鈞嗎(ma)(ma)?!”勾(gou)踐(jian)點了(le)(le)(le)點頭(tou):“是(shi),”他(ta)得(de)意(yi)(yi)(yi)地(di)接著(zhu)說(shuo)道(dao)(dao):“有人要用千(qian)匹駿馬(ma)三處富鄉兩座大城來(lai)換(huan)這(zhe)(zhe)把寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),你看行(xing)嗎(ma)(ma)?”薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)連忙說(shuo)道(dao)(dao):“不能換(huan)。”勾(gou)踐(jian)做(zuo)作(zuo)地(di)皺了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下眉頭(tou)問(wen)道(dao)(dao):“為(wei)(wei)什么(me)?你說(shuo)說(shuo)道(dao)(dao)理。”薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)激(ji)動(dong)地(di)大聲(sheng)對道(dao)(dao):“因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)(zhe)把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)天人共(gong)鑄的(de)(de)(de)不二之(zhi)作(zuo)。為(wei)(wei)鑄這(zhe)(zhe)把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),千(qian)年赤(chi)(chi)堇(jin)(jin)山(shan)山(shan)破而(er)出(chu)錫,萬(wan)載若(ruo)耶(ye)江江水干(gan)涸而(er)出(chu)銅。鑄劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)時(shi),雷公打鐵(tie),雨娘淋水,蛟(jiao)龍捧爐,天帝裝炭。鑄劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大師(shi)歐冶子(zi)(zi)承天之(zhi)命嘔心瀝(li)血與眾(zhong)神鑄磨十載此(ci)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)方成(cheng)。劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)之(zhi)后,眾(zhong)神歸天,赤(chi)(chi)堇(jin)(jin)山(shan)閉合如(ru)初,若(ruo)耶(ye)江波濤再起,歐冶子(zi)(zi)也力盡神竭而(er)亡(wang),這(zhe)(zhe)把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)已成(cheng)絕(jue)唱,區(qu)區(qu)駿馬(ma)城池何足道(dao)(dao)哉……”勾(gou)踐(jian)滿(man)意(yi)(yi)(yi)地(di)頻(pin)頻(pin)點頭(tou):“說(shuo)得(de)有理,既是(shi)無價(jia)之(zhi)寶(bao),我就(jiu)永遠把它珍(zhen)藏吧。
故(gu)事(shi)見于《越(yue)絕書》。
越王允常命歐(ou)冶子鑄(zhu)造了五(wu)把寶劍,歐(ou)冶乃(nai)因天之精神,悉其伎巧(qiao),造為大刑三、小刑二:一曰(yue)(yue)湛盧,二曰(yue)(yue)純鈞,三曰(yue)(yue)勝邪,四曰(yue)(yue)魚腸,五(wu)曰(yue)(yue)巨(ju)闕(que)。并(bing)稱越五(wu)劍。
1.圣(sheng)道之劍:軒轅(yuan)夏禹(yu)
2.仁道之(zhi)劍(jian):湛盧(lu)
3.帝道之劍(jian):赤霄
4.威道之劍:泰阿
5.誠(cheng)信之劍(jian):七星龍(long)淵(yuan)
6/7.摯情之劍:干(gan)將/莫(mo)邪
8. 勇絕之劍:魚腸
9.尊貴無(wu)雙之劍:純鈞
10.精致優雅之劍(jian):承影