董(dong)賢,字圣卿,馮翊云陽(今陜(shan)西涇(jing)陽西北)人。父親(qin)董(dong)恭,擔任(ren)(ren)御史(shi)時,起用董(dong)賢擔任(ren)(ren)太(tai)子舍人。綏(sui)和二年(前7年),漢哀帝劉欣即位,董(dong)賢隨之(zhi)升(sheng)任(ren)(ren)為郎(lang)官。
建平二年(nian)(前5年(nian)),董(dong)(dong)賢在殿下傳(chuan)奏(zou)時,他(ta)(ta)(ta)因為(wei)(wei)人漂亮而沾(zhan)沾(zhan)自(zi)喜(xi)(xi),漢哀帝(di)望(wang)見(jian)后,對他(ta)(ta)(ta)的容貌(mao)很喜(xi)(xi)歡,記(ji)住而后問他(ta)(ta)(ta),說:“是舍人董(dong)(dong)賢嗎?”于是招他(ta)(ta)(ta)上前與(yu)他(ta)(ta)(ta)談話,升任(ren)黃門郎,由此開始(shi)受(shou)到寵幸。當(dang)問到他(ta)(ta)(ta)的父(fu)親是云中侯董(dong)(dong)恭時,當(dang)日征(zheng)召擔任(ren)霸陵縣令,升為(wei)(wei)光祿大夫。董(dong)(dong)賢得寵日甚,擔任(ren)駙馬(ma)都尉(wei)、侍中,漢哀帝(di)出則陪同乘車,入(ru)則隨(sui)侍左右,一月之內所得賞賜總共達一萬萬錢,其富貴震(zhen)動朝廷。
董(dong)賢(xian)性情柔和喜歡逢迎漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di),他(ta)會用諂媚來(lai)鞏固自己的(de)地(di)位。漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)每次(ci)給他(ta)休息日,他(ta)都(dou)不(bu)肯出去(qu),常(chang)常(chang)在(zai)宮中(zhong)服侍漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)。漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)認為董(dong)賢(xian)難以回家,于是下詔讓(rang)董(dong)賢(xian)的(de)妻(qi)子能夠(gou)(gou)直接進到宮殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong),住(zhu)在(zai)殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong)董(dong)賢(xian)的(de)住(zhu)處,像長吏的(de)妻(qi)子能夠(gou)(gou)住(zhu)在(zai)官(guan)舍一樣。又(you)召來(lai)董(dong)賢(xian)的(de)妹妹讓(rang)她做(zuo)了昭儀,地(di)位僅(jin)次(ci)于皇后(hou),把(ba)她的(de)住(zhu)舍改名為椒風,來(lai)與皇后(hou)的(de)椒房相配。
董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)從早到(dao)晚侍立漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)左(zuo)右(you),漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)賞(shang)(shang)賜(si)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)也各(ge)以(yi)千萬來計算。漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)升任董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)父親董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)恭擔任少府,賜(si)爵關(guan)內侯(hou)收(shou)其(qi)(qi)賦(fu)稅而(er)(er)食,后又遷(qian)徙擔任衛尉。漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)又讓(rang)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)岳父擔任將作大匠(jiang)(jiang),董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)內弟(di)擔任執金(jin)吾(wu)。漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)下(xia)詔(zhao)令將作大匠(jiang)(jiang)替董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)在北闕下(xia)建造(zao)大房屋,其(qi)(qi)有(you)前后殿(dian)并(bing)且門(men)(men)門(men)(men)相對,建筑極盡精巧華(hua)麗。董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)以(yi)下(xia)到(dao)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)家的(de)(de)仆人都受到(dao)漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)賞(shang)(shang)賜(si),賞(shang)(shang)及武庫兵器、上方珍寶(bao)。選取物(wu)用時,上等的(de)(de)盡由(you)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian),而(er)(er)乘車所穿的(de)(de)衣服(fu),其(qi)(qi)級別(bie)僅次于(yu)皇帝(di)。直到(dao)棺梓、由(you)黃金(jin)連縫珠寶(bao)而(er)(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)珠襦(ru)、由(you)黃金(jin)連縫玉塊而(er)(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)玉柙,準備將它們(men)賞(shang)(shang)賜(si)給董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)的(de)(de),沒有(you)不(bu)齊備的(de)(de)。漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)又讓(rang)將作大匠(jiang)(jiang)為董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)在義陵旁建造(zao)墳塋,內有(you)小室用堅剛之柏向內致累(lei)而(er)(er)成(cheng),外(wai)(wai)為巡行警戒之道(dao),周圍幾里,門(men)(men)闕以(yi)及門(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)之屏(ping)很多。
建平(ping)(ping)四年(nian)(前(qian)3年(nian))三月(yue)(yue),漢哀(ai)帝想給董(dong)賢封侯但沒有(you)緣由(you)。正好待詔(zhao)孫寵(chong)(chong)、息夫(fu)躬等控(kong)告(gao)東平(ping)(ping)王(wang)劉(liu)云的(de)(de)妻子(zi)伍(wu)謁在祭祀時(shi)訴(su)于鬼神,使其(qi)降禍于所(suo)憎惡(e)之人,漢哀(ai)帝把這事委(wei)付給有(you)關部門處理,都(dou)認(ren)了罪(zui)。漢哀(ai)帝這時(shi)命令孫寵(chong)(chong)、息夫(fu)躬通過董(dong)賢控(kong)告(gao)東平(ping)(ping)王(wang)這件事的(de)(de),就因其(qi)功勞下詔(zhao)封董(dong)賢為(wei)高安侯,息夫(fu)躬為(wei)宜陵(ling)侯,孫寵(chong)(chong)為(wei)方陽侯,食邑各(ge)一千(qian)(qian)戶(hu)。不久(jiu),又增封董(dong)賢二千(qian)(qian)戶(hu)。丞相王(wang)嘉心里懷(huai)疑東平(ping)(ping)王(wang)一事冤枉,非常討厭息夫(fu)躬等人,并(bing)多(duo)次(ci)力(li)諫漢哀(ai)帝,認(ren)為(wei)董(dong)賢擾亂了國家制度,王(wang)嘉最后因談論此事下獄而死。八(ba)月(yue)(yue),漢哀(ai)帝派中黃門到武庫拿兵器,前(qian)后十次(ci),送到董(dong)賢的(de)(de)住所(suo)。
漢(han)哀帝(di)剛剛即(ji)位時,其(qi)祖母傅(fu)太后、母親丁太后都還活著,傅(fu)、丁兩家先富貴起來。傅(fu)太后的(de)(de)堂弟傅(fu)喜最初擔任大(da)司馬輔政(zheng),多次勸諫(jian)漢(han)哀帝(di),違(wei)背傅(fu)太后的(de)(de)意(yi)圖,而被免官。漢(han)哀帝(di)的(de)(de)舅(jiu)(jiu)舅(jiu)(jiu)丁明代任大(da)司馬,也(ye)很稱職,但(dan)很忌妒董賢受(shou)寵。
元(yuan)壽元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(前2年(nian)(nian))三月(yue),丞相王(wang)嘉(jia)因罪被(bei)殺,丁(ding)(ding)明(ming)非常(chang)同(tong)情他(ta)(ta)。漢(han)(han)哀(ai)帝(di)更加(jia)器重董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian),想給予(yu)他(ta)(ta)最高職位,但丁(ding)(ding)明(ming)不(bu)滿意,于(yu)是以詔令的(de)(de)形(xing)式(shi)數落了丁(ding)(ding)明(ming)的(de)(de)罪狀,將其(qi)免(mian)官讓其(qi)回家。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)十二月(yue)初六日,漢(han)(han)哀(ai)帝(di)讓董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)代(dai)替丁(ding)(ding)明(ming)擔(dan)任大司馬、衛將軍(jun)。當時董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)年(nian)(nian)齡(ling)為(wei)二十二歲,雖為(wei)三公,但常(chang)在殿(dian)中(zhong)執事,掌(zhang)管尚(shang)書,百官靠董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)向漢(han)(han)哀(ai)帝(di)奏事。董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)認(ren)為(wei)他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)父親(qin)董(dong)(dong)(dong)恭不(bu)應處在卿位,于(yu)是調任光祿(lu)大夫,俸祿(lu)為(wei)中(zhong)二千石(shi)。董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)的(de)(de)弟弟董(dong)(dong)(dong)寬信代(dai)替董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)擔(dan)任駙馬都(dou)尉。董(dong)(dong)(dong)氏親(qin)屬都(dou)以侍(shi)中(zhong)諸曹的(de)(de)身(shen)份奉朝請,他(ta)(ta)們所得漢(han)(han)哀(ai)帝(di)的(de)(de)寵愛在丁(ding)(ding)、傅兩家之(zhi)上(shang)。
元壽二年(nian)(前(qian)1年(nian))正(zheng)月,匈奴(nu)單(dan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)來朝,漢哀帝(di)賜(si)宴時召(zhao)見使者,群臣(chen)在前(qian)面(mian)。匈奴(nu)單(dan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)對于(yu)(yu)(yu)董賢(xian)(xian)年(nian)輕感到(dao)驚疑,于(yu)(yu)(yu)是詢(xun)問翻(fan)譯(yi),漢哀帝(di)令翻(fan)譯(yi)回答(da)說:“大司馬年(nian)輕,因非常有賢(xian)(xian)能擔任官職。”匈奴(nu)單(dan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)是起身拜見,恭賀(he)漢朝獲得賢(xian)(xian)臣(chen)。
起初,丞(cheng)相孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)擔(dan)任御(yu)史(shi)大夫,當(dang)時(shi)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)父(fu)親董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)恭擔(dan)任御(yu)史(shi),侍(shi)奉孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)。到(dao)元(yuan)壽二年(前1年)五月初二日(ri),朝廷正式確(que)定(ding)三公官(guan)名(ming)和各(ge)自的(de)分工(gong)職掌。任命董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)為大司馬;丞(cheng)相孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)為大司徒;彭宣為大司空,封(feng)長平侯。漢哀(ai)帝(di)有(you)意讓董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)暗(an)中超過孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)。孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)極其(qi)恭謹,知道漢哀(ai)帝(di)想(xiang)使董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)受到(dao)別人尊寵,到(dao)聽說(shuo)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)快來時(shi),孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)穿好衣服戴好帽(mao)子(zi)(zi)出(chu)門(men)等(deng)待(dai),在遠處望見董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)車子(zi)(zi)就退(tui)進去。董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)到(dao)達中門(men),孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)又進入(ru)門(men)旁小(xiao)屋,董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)下車之后,孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)就出(chu)來拜請他(ta),送迎非常謹慎,不敢以(yi)接待(dai)同等(deng)地位的(de)人的(de)禮節接待(dai)他(ta)。董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)回去后,漢哀(ai)帝(di)聽說(shuo)這(zhe)件(jian)事后很高(gao)興,立即提(ti)拔(ba)孔(kong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)兩個哥哥的(de)兒子(zi)(zi)擔(dan)任諫大夫常侍(shi)。董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)從此擁(yong)有(you)的(de)權力與皇(huang)帝(di)相等(deng)。
當時,漢(han)(han)成帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外戚王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)家(jia)道衰落,只有(you)平阿侯(hou)王(wang)(wang)譚(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子王(wang)(wang)去疾,在漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)為太(tai)子時擔任(ren)庶子得到(dao)寵幸,到(dao)漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)即位(wei)后(hou),擔任(ren)侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)騎(qi)都尉(wei)。漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)上(shang)認為王(wang)(wang)氏(shi)沒有(you)高居官位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren),于是(shi)因舊(jiu)恩親近王(wang)(wang)去疾,又提拔他的(de)(de)(de)(de)弟(di)弟(di)王(wang)(wang)閎擔任(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)常侍(shi)。王(wang)(wang)閎的(de)(de)(de)(de)岳父蕭(xiao)咸(xian)(xian),是(shi)前任(ren)將軍蕭(xiao)望(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子,長(chang)久擔任(ren)郡守,因患病被免(mian),擔任(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)郎將。蕭(xiao)咸(xian)(xian)、蕭(xiao)育兄(xiong)弟(di)并在朝(chao)廷,董(dong)賢(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)父親董(dong)恭很羨慕他們,想(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)他們結為親家(jia)。王(wang)(wang)閎替董(dong)賢(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)弟(di)弟(di)駙馬都尉(wei)董(dong)寬信求娶蕭(xiao)咸(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)女兒為妻(qi),蕭(xiao)咸(xian)(xian)惶恐不(bu)敢當,暗中(zhong)(zhong)對王(wang)(wang)閎說(shuo):“董(dong)公(gong)為大司馬,皇上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冊文說(shuo)‘在朝(chao)中(zhong)(zhong)掌事誠(cheng)信’,這乃是(shi)堯禪(chan)位(wei)給(gei)舜之(zhi)(zhi)文,不(bu)是(shi)三(san)公(gong)舊(jiu)制(zhi),年長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)見到(dao)這,沒有(you)誰不(bu)害怕(pa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。這難道是(shi)我(wo)家(jia)女兒所能承受得了(le)的(de)(de)(de)(de)嗎(ma)?”王(wang)(wang)閎秉性(xing)有(you)智略,聽(ting)了(le)蕭(xiao)咸(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)話,內心里也(ye)明白了(le)。于是(shi)回去告訴董(dong)恭,巧妙地(di)表(biao)達了(le)蕭(xiao)咸(xian)(xian)自我(wo)謙虛(xu)不(bu)敢高攀的(de)(de)(de)(de)意思。董(dong)恭嘆(tan)息說(shuo):“我(wo)家(jia)因什么對不(bu)起天下(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren),而被人(ren)所害怕(pa)到(dao)這種程度(du)!”心里不(bu)高興。后(hou)來(lai)漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)在麟(lin)麒殿擺酒(jiu)宴(yan),與(yu)董(dong)賢(xian)父子及親屬聚飲,王(wang)(wang)閎兄(xiong)弟(di)侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)、中(zhong)(zhong)常侍(shi)都在旁侍(shi)候。漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)有(you)一些酒(jiu)意,不(bu)慌不(bu)忙地(di)看著董(dong)賢(xian)而笑,說(shuo)道:“我(wo)想(xiang)(xiang)效法堯禪(chan)位(wei)舜,怎(zen)么樣?”王(wang)(wang)閎進言道:“天下(xia)(xia)(xia)是(shi)高皇帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天下(xia)(xia)(xia),不(bu)是(shi)陛下(xia)(xia)(xia)所有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。陛下(xia)(xia)(xia)繼(ji)承帝(di)系,應(ying)當傳位(wei)給(gei)子孫直到(dao)無窮。世代(dai)相傳的(de)(de)(de)(de)大事至(zhi)關(guan)重要,皇上(shang)不(bu)要隨口說(shuo)!”漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)默然不(bu)高興,左右之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)都害怕(pa)。于是(shi)把王(wang)(wang)閎趕出去,以后(hou)不(bu)得再(zai)侍(shi)宴(yan)。
元壽二(er)年(前1年)六月二(er)十六日,漢(han)哀帝駕崩。太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)皇(huang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)后王(wang)(wang)政(zheng)君召(zhao)來大司馬董(dong)賢(xian)(xian),在東廂接(jie)見,問(wen)他如何(he)安排喪事。董(dong)賢(xian)(xian)內(nei)心擔憂(you)發愁,回(hui)答不(bu)出,免(mian)冠(guan)道(dao)歉。王(wang)(wang)政(zheng)君說:“新都(dou)侯(hou)王(wang)(wang)莽以前以大司馬的身(shen)份處理過先(xian)帝喪事,知曉舊(jiu)例,我令王(wang)(wang)莽幫助你。”董(dong)賢(xian)(xian)叩頭以示自己受到很大寵幸(xing)。王(wang)(wang)政(zheng)君派(pai)遣(qian)使者召(zhao)見王(wang)(wang)莽。王(wang)(wang)莽到達后,借助太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)皇(huang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)后指(zhi)使尚書彈劾董(dong)賢(xian)(xian)在漢(han)哀帝臥病時不(bu)親侍(shi)醫藥,禁止董(dong)賢(xian)(xian)不(bu)得出入(ru)殿中司馬府大門。董(dong)賢(xian)(xian)不(bu)知為何(he),到殿庭摘帽赤腳(jiao)步行謝(xie)罪。
六月二十七日(ri),王莽(mang)派(pai)謁(ye)者以太皇太后詔書的(de)名義就在宮(gong)(gong)殿下給董賢(xian)下詔說:“自從董賢(xian)入宮(gong)(gong)以來(lai),陰陽不調,災害(hai)并至,平民遭罪。三(san)公,是皇上最重(zhong)要的(de)輔臣,高安侯董賢(xian)不懂得(de)事物道(dao)理,擔任大司(si)馬不能(neng)令眾(zhong)人滿(man)意,不能(neng)用(yong)來(lai)擊(ji)敗敵人安撫邊遠地方。收回大司(si)馬印(yin)綬(shou),令董賢(xian)罷(ba)官回家(jia)。”
當日(ri)董賢(xian)(xian)與(yu)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)妻子(zi)都(dou)自殺(sha),他(ta)們家里的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)非常害怕就在夜晚(wan)埋(mai)葬了(le)。王(wang)莽懷疑(yi)他(ta)假裝稱死,有(you)司(si)奏請(qing)打開(kai)董賢(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)棺(guan)材(cai)(cai)(cai),前(qian)去驗看。王(wang)莽又暗示大司(si)徒孔光上(shang)奏:“董賢(xian)(xian)生性善于(yu)諂媚,與(yu)邪惡不(bu)正之人(ren)(ren)(ren)相(xiang)勾結來獲取封侯(hou),父(fu)子(zi)把持朝政,兄(xiong)弟并受寵愛(ai),過多地接(jie)受賞賜(si),大規模建造住宅,建筑墳塋,仿效君王(wang)沒有(you)節(jie)度,與(yu)皇上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)陵墓(mu)無異(yi),其(qi)(qi)(qi)費用以萬(wan)(wan)萬(wan)(wan)錢來計算,國家因此空虛。父(fu)子(zi)傲慢不(bu)順(shun),直到不(bu)敬(jing)皇上(shang)派遣的(de)(de)(de)使者,接(jie)受賞賜(si)不(bu)跪拜,罪惡非常明顯(xian)。董賢(xian)(xian)自殺(sha)認(ren)罪,死后他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)父(fu)親董恭以及其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)悔過,并且又在棺(guan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)涂上(shang)朱砂,并雕畫以四季之色,左邊(bian)是蒼龍,右(you)邊(bian)是白虎,上(shang)邊(bian)附著金銀日(ri)月,用玉衣(yi)珠璧裝殮,其(qi)(qi)(qi)至尊無以復加。董恭等人(ren)(ren)(ren)僥幸免于(yu)誅殺(sha),不(bu)應該在朝廷。我請(qing)求將其(qi)(qi)(qi)財(cai)物(wu)沒收納(na)于(yu)朝廷。所有(you)靠董賢(xian)(xian)擔任官職的(de)(de)(de)都(dou)予(yu)免官。”董賢(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)父(fu)親董恭、弟弟董寬信與(yu)家屬遷到合浦(pu),董賢(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)母親回到故鄉巨鹿。朝廷賣(mai)掉董氏財(cai)產(chan)總共有(you)四十(shi)三萬(wan)(wan)萬(wan)(wan)錢。董賢(xian)(xian)被(bei)開(kai)棺(guan)后,露(lu)現(xian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)尸進行檢驗,然(ran)后才(cai)埋(mai)在墓(mu)中。董賢(xian)(xian)所重(zhong)待的(de)(de)(de)官吏沛國人(ren)(ren)(ren)朱詡自我劾奏離開(kai)大司(si)馬府,購買棺(guan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)衣(yi)服收拾(shi)董賢(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)尸體而埋(mai)葬了(le)他(ta)。
唐(tang)·楊衡《舞曲歌辭·白纻辭二首》
唐(tang)·岑參《醉后戲與趙歌兒》
元·楊維楨《吳農(nong)謠》
劉欣:大司馬年少,以(yi)大賢居(ju)位。
孔光:賢質性(xing)巧佞,翼奸以(yi)獲封侯,父(fu)子專朝,兄弟并(bing)寵,多(duo)受賞賜,治第宅,造冢壙,放效(xiao)無極,不異王制,費以(yi)萬(wan)萬(wan)計,國家為(wei)空虛。父(fu)子驕蹇,至不為(wei)使者禮。
班固(gu):①賢亦(yi)性柔(rou)和(he)便辟(pi),善為(wei)媚以自固(gu)。②董(dong)賢之寵尤盛,父子并為(wei)公卿,可(ke)謂(wei)貴重人臣無二(er)矣。然進不(bu)由道,位過其任,莫(mo)能(neng)有終,所謂(wei)愛(ai)之適足(zu)以害之者也(ye)。③高安(an)侯賢未更事理(li),為(wei)大(da)司馬(ma)不(bu)合眾(zhong)心,非所以折沖綏遠也(ye)。
丁耀(yao)亢:敝冠不(bu)加于足,屨新不(bu)加于頂(ding),上下之(zhi)殊分也。賢(xian)以(yi)倡優弄臣,僭位(wei)元(yuan)僚,終自夷滅。使賢(xian)得為老丑庸鈍之(zhi)人(ren),以(yi)斯役(yi)終,不(bu)亦善乎!非其器而(er)盈之(zhi),求毀(hui)之(zhi)道也。吾于賢(xian)何(he)罪焉。
蔡東藩:董賢則以色見幸,且(qie)舉妻(qi)妹(mei)而并(bing)進之(zhi),無惑(huo)乎(hu)其(qi)得君(jun)益(yi)甚,受寵益(yi)隆也(ye)!