幼學私塾
秦(qin)金于1467年9月11日生于河西村,父(fu)(fu)名霖(lin),是位(wei)私塾先生,秦(qin)金幼年隨父(fu)(fu)到人家(jia)的學(xue)館就(jiu)讀,有(you)(you)一次館主(zhu)設宴(yan)(yan),沒(mei)有(you)(you)邀請(qing)秦(qin)金,他父(fu)(fu)親很(hen)(hen)有(you)(you)意見,就(jiu)出(chu)了(le)個上聯(lian)(lian)“東(dong)家(jia)設宴(yan)(yan)兒(er)無份”,要(yao)兒(er)子對出(chu)下聯(lian)(lian),秦(qin)金就(jiu)以“北闕登科我獨先”為對,并(bing)說:“兒(er)豈是貪吃的人,請(qing)父(fu)(fu)親以后不要(yao)再講有(you)(you)關吃的事。”父(fu)(fu)親聽了(le),很(hen)(hen)是賞識。
輾轉官場
秦金自幼在家塾(shu)讀書(shu)(shu)(shu),成化二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)中舉人(ren)(ren),弘治六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1493年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))中進士。弘治八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)任戶部(bu)(bu)福建司(si)(si)主事,督辦京城太(tai)(tai)倉糧(liang)儲。不(bu)久升(sheng)河(he)南(nan)司(si)(si)員外郎,后晉(jin)升(sheng)山西司(si)(si)署郎中。弘治十(shi)(shi)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),丁父憂回鄉3年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。正德元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1506年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))授(shou)戶部(bu)(bu)四川司(si)(si)郎中。正德五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),在任河(he)南(nan)右(you)參(can)政時,因鎮壓當地農(nong)民起(qi)義而升(sheng)任山東(dong)右(you)布政使(shi)、山東(dong)左(zuo)(zuo)布政使(shi)。正德九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)授(shou)都察院右(you)副御史,巡撫湖廣。正德十(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)升(sheng)為戶部(bu)(bu)右(you)侍郎,嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1522年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),改任吏部(bu)(bu)左(zuo)(zuo)侍郎,負(fu)責“京察”事宜。后因遭言官彈(dan)劾,復調戶部(bu)(bu)左(zuo)(zuo)侍郎,其時戶部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)孫交未到職,由(you)秦金主其事。嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)升(sheng)任南(nan)京禮部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu),不(bu)久調任南(nan)京兵部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)冬(dong),又被召為戶部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)。嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1527年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),秦金辭官告老還鄉。歸(gui)休4年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間,他在惠山寺山門右(you)街(jie)建造一(yi)座別墅,取名“鳳谷(gu)行窩”(今(jin)全國文(wen)物(wu)保護單位寄(ji)暢園前(qian)身)。還與邵(shao)寶、陳石村等(deng)人(ren)(ren)恢復碧山吟社(she),定期舉行詩會。嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),朝廷復起(qi)用他為南(nan)京戶部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),改任北京工部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu),督修太(tai)(tai)廟。嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)十(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)進太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)少(shao)保。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)升(sheng)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)太(tai)(tai)保,改任南(nan)京兵部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)。嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)十(shi)(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),回到無錫,住城內西水關“尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)第”。時稱(cheng)他為“兩京五部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu),九轉(zhuan)三(san)朝太(tai)(tai)保”。嘉(jia)(jia)靖(jing)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1544年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))病逝,終年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)77歲,葬胡埭歸(gui)山。
建寄暢園
—始建鳳谷行(xing)窩(寄暢園原名)
據(ju)秦(qin)(qin)氏(shi)宗譜所述,秦(qin)(qin)金為(wei)宋龍圖閣(ge)大學士秦(qin)(qin)觀之(zhi)后。
他天資(zi)聰穎過人(ren),20歲考中南京舉(ju)人(ren),26歲進士及第(di),28歲任戶部福建司主事,監督倉庫糧食儲量。奉命查勘北京地區(qu)災荒(huang),他辦事敏捷,初露頭角。后又到河(he)南、山東等地任職。
嘉(jia)靖六(liu)年(nian)(1527年(nian)),秦金因與首輔(fu)大(da)臣張璁意見相左,便(bian)以考察自(zi)陳,辭官告(gao)老還鄉。據后人推(tui)斷,其(qi)在歸休4年(nian)間,在惠山(shan)寺山(shan)門右街建(jian)造了一(yi)座別(bie)墅,取(qu)名(ming)“鳳谷行窩”,即(ji)“寄(ji)暢園”的(de)前身。“鳳骨”一(yi)詞,與秦金之號“鳳山(shan)”及其(qi)父秦霖曾筑有鳳山(shan)書(shu)屋不(bu)無關(guan)系(xi);而行窩乃(nai)是(shi)自(zi)謙之詞,實為山(shan)莊(zhuang)、別(bie)墅。
因秦金一貫廉正自(zi)持,忠勤體國(guo),朝廷大(da)小官員為秦金上奏請留(liu)者(zhe)不止(zhi)。故(gu)嘉靖十年復起用,任南京戶部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)書,尋召為工(gong)部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)書。在兩都(dou)(北京、南京)任了五(wu)(wu)個部(bu)(bu)的尚(shang)書,有(you)“五(wu)(wu)部(bu)(bu)尚(shang)書”之稱。
嘉靖(jing)十五年(1536)告老(lao)榮歸(gui),8年后亡故,謚號(hao)“端(duan)敏”。
秦(qin)金(jin)的墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)葬(zang)(zang)在(zai)胡埭歸山的薛墩。神道(dao)上(shang)(shang)置(zhi)(zhi)華(hua)表(biao)、翁仲(zhong)、石(shi)馬、石(shi)亭、墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)碑(bei)等,在(zai)其墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)前挖(wa)了一(yi)條小河,上(shang)(shang)架一(yi)座(zuo)橋(qiao),并(bing)建有(you)(you)御道(dao)街(jie),其前為(wei)石(shi)龜馱著響(xiang)碑(bei),其旁為(wei)資福(fu)庵,制作十分精良,頗為(wei)壯(zhuang)觀(guan),葬(zang)(zang)秦(qin)金(jin)的那(nei)個灣,便取名秦(qin)尚(shang)書灣。直到1953年建水(shui)庫(ku)時墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)地(di)毀壞,有(you)(you)塊鐫嚴嵩撰神道(dao)碑(bei)志(zhi),被村民移去(qu)作碾場石(shi)。據說,此碑(bei)現(xian)(xian)還(huan)在(zai)附近水(shui)溝(gou)邊(bian)(bian),且字(zi)(zi)跡(ji)尚(shang)有(you)(you)殘(can)存。1968年春,墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)穴上(shang)(shang)層被發現(xian)(xian),有(you)(you)四(si)(si)塊方整大石(shi)蓋在(zai)石(shi)槨上(shang)(shang),石(shi)槨成正方形(xing),邊(bian)(bian)長一(yi)丈,用整塊花崗巖鑿制,中間有(you)(you)壁,分為(wei)左右兩室,槨內棺(guan)木均已殘(can)朽,置(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)方形(xing)青石(shi)四(si)(si)塊,為(wei)秦(qin)金(jin)及其夫(fu)人鈕氏墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)志(zhi)銘(ming)(ming)銘(ming)(ming)蓋和(he)銘(ming)(ming)文,雙雙符合,秦(qin)金(jin)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)銘(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)跡(ji)清晰可訊,鈕氏墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)銘(ming)(ming)字(zi)(zi)跡(ji)略有(you)(you)破損,另外,還(huan)有(you)(you)銅塊若(ruo)干,為(wei)墊置(zhi)(zhi)棺(guan)木所用,但(dan)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)中沒有(you)(you)發現(xian)(xian)金(jin)銀飾(shi)品等隨葬(zang)(zang)物(wu)。
如(ru)今(jin),秦尚(shang)書灣(wan)成了鎮辦林場的(de)(de)所在地(di),山(shan)上林木蔥綠(lv),還(huan)有上面畝茶園,風景(jing)頗佳,市(shi)、區政府(fu)正在將秦尚(shang)書灣(wan)規(gui)劃成“九(jiu)龍灣(wan)旅(lv)游(you)發展有限(xian)公司”中的(de)(de)一(yi)個旅(lv)游(you)景(jing)點,屆時,游(you)客到這里瞻(zhan)仰五(wu)部(bu)尚(shang)書壯觀的(de)(de)墓地(di),品一(yi)壺新(xin)茶,聆聽(ting)美麗(li)動聽(ting)有關(guan)秦尚(shang)書的(de)(de)故事,與朋友盡(jin)情聊天,無疑(yi)是(shi)其樂融(rong)融(rong)的(de)(de)。
河西村(cun)附近有個紅莊(zhuang)村(cun),村(cun)莊(zhuang)上(shang)(shang)有座私熟學堂(tang),夏季(ji)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)天,老(lao)師有事外(wai)出囑咐學生(sheng)在學堂(tang)認真攻(gong)讀。但這(zhe)群孩(hai)子待老(lao)師一(yi)(yi)走,便到附近河中洗(xi)河浴去了(le)。老(lao)師回來后(hou)對(dui)不聽(ting)話的(de)(de)孩(hai)子是又好氣又好笑。便出了(le)“千年(nian)楊柳當衣架”為上(shang)(shang)聯,要學生(sheng)對(dui)下聯,對(dui)上(shang)(shang)了(le)饒他們,對(dui)不上(shang)(shang)要罰他們站著曬毒太陽(yang),正巧此時秦(qin)(qin)(qin)金路過這(zhe)里,小伙伴們把(ba)事情的(de)(de)前后(hou)因果告訴了(le)他,秦(qin)(qin)(qin)金把(ba)上(shang)(shang)聯稍(shao)推敲后(hou),便對(dui)出了(le)“萬(wan)里長江當浴盆”的(de)(de)下聯,使塾(shu)師和(he)村(cun)民對(dui)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)金的(de)(de)才能都(dou)十(shi)分欽(qin)佩。
秦金天姿聰穎過人,20歲(sui)考中南(nan)(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)舉人,26歲(sui)進士及(ji)第,28歲(sui)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)戶部(bu)福建司主事,監督(du)倉庫糧食諸(zhu)量。奉命查勘北(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)地區災荒(huang),辦(ban)(ban)事敏捷,初露(lu)頭角,脫穎而(er)出(chu)。后又到河南(nan)(nan)、山東等地任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)職。特別是在任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)湖南(nan)(nan)、湖北(bei)巡按大夫期(qi)(qi)間(jian),到任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)時,恰逢地方連年(nian)(nian)水災,鬧饑荒(huang),他就著意按撫百姓(xing),除去一切弊政,免除租稅,賑濟災民,罷及(ji)貪官,上奏(zou)章提出(chu)八項適宜可行的(de)建議,后來又繼續提出(chu)十(shi)項建議,其建議寫入(ru)國史。他在這里(li)七年(nian)(nian),恩威并(bing)施(shi),成績與(yu)聲譽顯(xian)著,調任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)南(nan)(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)禮部(bu)尚(shang)書(shu),不到一年(nian)(nian)召回北(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)戶部(bu)尚(shang)書(shu)。嘉靖(jing)六年(nian)(nian)(1527年(nian)(nian)),秦金61歲(sui)時,要求免職回家(jia)。回鄉后,在惠山寺山門右街(jie)建造一座別墅,取名“鳳谷行窩”(即現在的(de)寄暢園(yuan)),還與(yu)邵寶等人恢復碧山吟社,定期(qi)(qi)舉行詩會。歸(gui)休(xiu)4年(nian)(nian)間(jian),朝(chao)廷(ting)大小官員都(dou)(dou)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)秦金操行辦(ban)(ban)事能(neng)力強,廉(lian)正自持,年(nian)(nian)紀又不算(suan)大,上奏(zou)請留的(de)不止,嘉靖(jing)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)復盧,任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)南(nan)(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)戶部(bu)尚(shang)書(shu),尋召為(wei)(wei)工(gong)部(bu)尚(shang)書(shu)。經歷兩(liang)都(dou)(dou)(北(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)、南(nan)(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing))任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)了五個部(bu)的(de)尚(shang)書(shu)(南(nan)(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)禮部(bu)、北(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)戶部(bu)、南(nan)(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)戶部(bu)、北(bei)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)工(gong)部(bu)、南(nan)(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)兵(bing)部(bu))。因年(nian)(nian)滿(man)七十(shi),退歸(gui)家(jia)居(ju)。
嘉靖甲辰年(1544年)正月二十(shi)七日,秦金77歲(sui)時(shi)死于原籍家(jia)中,訃(fu)告(gao)傳(chuan)來(lai),皇帝(di)震驚哀悼(dao),罷朝一日,降旨(zhi)司(si)官(guan)討論喪葬事宜。這在古代歷(li)史上是不(bu)多見的。秦尚書作的詩(shi)文內容純正脫俗(su),可供誦讀。他(ta)著有《鳳山詩(shi)集(ji)》、《撫(fu)湖(hu)政要(yao)》、《安楚(chu)錄》雜著稿,多數雕板印(yin)行問(wen)世。
詩歌遺存
海市
晴云晝護蓬萊(lai)島(dao),海上清風翠(cui)螺(luo)小。
煙波萬里駕滄溟(ming),驀地神工炫奇巧。
珠宮(gong)貝闕寶藏興,恍惚??移山城。
八千世界蒼(cang)龍(long)窟,十二樓(lou)臺白玉京。
芙蓉秀云孤松嶺,亭子分明傍仙境。
氣化(hua)??有倏(shu)無,萬象蕩摩皆幻影。
高閣(ge)乘(cheng)風此望洋,乾(qian)坤吾(wu)道心茫茫。
雜俎披奇竟何(he)補,夷堅志怪誠(cheng)荒唐。
異哉海市何人傳,歲寒健筆驚坡(po)仙。
誰(shui)知茲祥非偶(ou)然,一雨三日占豐年。
海市之名今更顯(xian),柱史文章光琬(wan)琰。
公孫大夫廟
瓣香端(duan)拜大(da)夫(fu)祠,千(qian)載(zai)高風想見之。
愛士不(bu)忘鄉校化,濟人猶說乘輿私(si)。
云(yun)荒碧草迷(mi)春(chun)冢,雨濕蒼苔(tai)臥(wo)古碑。
鄭國山(shan)川登(deng)眺里(li),獨留遺像不勝悲。