松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)御硯(yan)(yan)用于加工松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硯(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石最(zui)早發(fa)掘于吉林通化長(chang)(chang)白山區(qu)砥石山的(de)(de)(de)江沿,是清朝(chao)皇帝的(de)(de)(de)御用物品。這里也是松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)江的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)段(duan)部分,樹(shu)木(mu)叢生,林海茂密。六月(yue)時節,長(chang)(chang)白山松(song)(song)(song)林中(zhong)黃綠色的(de)(de)(de)松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)開放,給(gei)初(chu)春的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)白山帶來了(le)生機(ji)勃勃的(de)(de)(de)生機(ji),而這種(zhong)石頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)顏色和(he)松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)色澤一樣,故人們把它叫(jiao)做松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石,以(yi)松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石雕制的(de)(de)(de)硯(yan)(yan)臺就叫(jiao)松(song)(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)御硯(yan)(yan)
用(yong)(yong)松花石加工成(cheng)松花硯(yan)(yan),最早(zao)出現(xian)在(zai)明朝(chao)中期,到(dao)了滿(man)清朝(chao)時期,松花硯(yan)(yan)因其特殊的(de)(de)歷史(shi)淵源得以青睞,但由于清朝(chao)皇(huang)帝的(de)(de)專寵而沒有(you)能夠發(fa)展起來(lai)成(cheng)為(wei)民間普及的(de)(de)文房用(yong)(yong)具。長白(bai)山(shan)是滿(man)清的(de)(de)發(fa)祥地,被(bei)皇(huang)家封(feng)為(wei)禁區(qu),禁止開采(cai)漁獵。松花石只能由皇(huang)宮(gong)的(de)(de)‘造辦處(chu)’單獨進入山(shan)區(qu)采(cai)集石料,運回宮(gong)中研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)硯(yan)(yan),做(zuo)為(wei)國(guo)寶御用(yong)(yong),少量的(de)(de)也(ye)用(yong)(yong)于賞賜(si)給有(you)功(gong)的(de)(de)臣(chen)子。康乾(qian)時期制(zhi)(zhi)硯(yan)(yan)八(ba)十余(yu)方,以后幾代陸續研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)了八(ba)十余(yu)方,目前現(xian)世(shi)的(de)(de)皇(huang)宮(gong)御硯(yan)(yan)有(you)八(ba)十方,都存(cun)于故宮(gong)兩院,以臺北居多。
用松花(hua)石(shi)制硯(yan)始于(yu)明代(dai)末年,推重于(yu)清(qing)朝(chao),康熙、雍(yong)正、乾隆等帝對松花(hua)石(shi)硯(yan)都十(shi)分欣賞(shang),康熙帝還封它(ta)為“御硯(yan)”,一直專供宮(gong)廷(ting)使(shi)用。公元14至(zhi)19世紀,吉林(lin)省(sheng)是東(dong)北地區最(zui)重要政治、經濟、軍(jun)事中心。在清(qing)朝(chao)、民(min)國(guo)及解放(fang)初期,吉林(lin)市是吉林(lin)省(sheng)省(sheng)會城市,它(ta)的江邊有古船(chuan)廠(chang),是東(dong)北三省(sheng)的重要交(jiao)通(tong)樞紐(niu),四通(tong)八達的水道,春放(fang)排,夏(xia)秋行(xing)船(chuan),冬(dong)走爬(pa)犁(li),一年四季(ji)不間斷,把東(dong)北的物資和資源輸(shu)送(song)轉運,繁忙異(yi)常。滿清(qing)發源于(yu)長白山區,而吉林(lin)市區域(yu)是他(ta)的重要活動場所,也是軍(jun)事重鎮(zhen),早年大量屯(tun)兵(bing)。后清(qing)朝(chao)幾代(dai)先(xian)帝拜祭先(xian)祖,都要到此屯(tun)住。
康熙皇帝來(lai)長白山祭奠先祖的時候就作過(guo)《松花江放船歌》:
松花(hua)江,江水清。夜來(lai)雨過春濤(tao)生,流花(hua)疊錦銹縠(hu)明。
彩(cai)帆畫鷁隨風輕(qing),簫韶(shao)小奏中(zhong)流(liu)鳴,蒼巖翠壁兩岸橫。
浮(fu)云(yun)耀日何晶(jing)晶(jing)?乘流直(zhi)下(xia)蛟龍驚,連檣(qiang)接艦屯江城。
貔(pi)貅健甲皆精銳,旌旄映水翻朱纓(ying),我來問俗非觀兵。
松花江,江水清。浩浩瀚瀚沖波行,云(yun)霞萬里開澄泓(hong)