松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)御(yu)硯(yan)用于(yu)加工松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硯(yan)的(de)(de)(de)松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)最早發(fa)掘于(yu)吉林通化長白(bai)(bai)山區砥石(shi)山的(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)沿,是清朝(chao)皇帝的(de)(de)(de)御(yu)用物品。這(zhe)里也是松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)江(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)中段部(bu)分,樹木(mu)叢生(sheng)(sheng),林海茂密。六月(yue)時節,長白(bai)(bai)山松(song)(song)林中黃(huang)綠(lv)色(se)的(de)(de)(de)松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)開放(fang),給(gei)初春的(de)(de)(de)長白(bai)(bai)山帶來了生(sheng)(sheng)機勃勃的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)機,而這(zhe)種石(shi)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)顏(yan)色(se)和松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)色(se)澤一(yi)樣,故人們把它叫(jiao)做松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi),以松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)雕(diao)制的(de)(de)(de)硯(yan)臺就叫(jiao)松(song)(song)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)御(yu)硯(yan)
用松(song)花(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)加工(gong)成(cheng)松(song)花(hua)(hua)硯(yan)(yan),最早出現在明朝中期(qi)(qi)(qi),到了滿(man)清(qing)朝時期(qi)(qi)(qi),松(song)花(hua)(hua)硯(yan)(yan)因其(qi)特殊的(de)歷(li)史淵源得以青睞,但由于清(qing)朝皇(huang)帝(di)的(de)專寵而(er)沒有能(neng)夠發展起來(lai)成(cheng)為民間普及的(de)文房(fang)用具。長白山是(shi)滿(man)清(qing)的(de)發祥地,被皇(huang)家封為禁(jin)區(qu),禁(jin)止(zhi)開采(cai)漁獵。松(song)花(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)只能(neng)由皇(huang)宮(gong)的(de)‘造(zao)辦處’單獨進入山區(qu)采(cai)集石(shi)(shi)料,運回宮(gong)中研(yan)(yan)制成(cheng)硯(yan)(yan),做(zuo)為國寶御用,少(shao)量的(de)也(ye)用于賞(shang)賜(si)給有功的(de)臣子(zi)。康乾(qian)時期(qi)(qi)(qi)制硯(yan)(yan)八(ba)十余(yu)方(fang),以后幾代陸(lu)續(xu)研(yan)(yan)制了八(ba)十余(yu)方(fang),目前現世的(de)皇(huang)宮(gong)御硯(yan)(yan)有八(ba)十方(fang),都存于故宮(gong)兩院,以臺北居多(duo)。
用(yong)松花石制硯始(shi)于(yu)(yu)明代末年,推重(zhong)于(yu)(yu)清朝,康(kang)熙(xi)、雍正(zheng)、乾隆等帝對松花石硯都(dou)十分(fen)欣賞,康(kang)熙(xi)帝還封它為“御硯”,一直專供宮廷使用(yong)。公元14至19世(shi)紀,吉(ji)林省是東北(bei)地區最重(zhong)要政治、經濟、軍事中心。在清朝、民(min)國及(ji)解放(fang)初期,吉(ji)林市是吉(ji)林省省會城市,它的江邊有(you)古船廠(chang),是東北(bei)三省的重(zhong)要交通(tong)樞紐,四通(tong)八達(da)的水道,春放(fang)排(pai),夏(xia)秋行船,冬走爬犁(li),一年四季不間(jian)斷,把東北(bei)的物資和資源輸送轉(zhuan)運,繁忙異常。滿清發(fa)源于(yu)(yu)長白山區,而吉(ji)林市區域(yu)是他的重(zhong)要活(huo)動場(chang)所,也(ye)是軍事重(zhong)鎮,早年大量(liang)屯兵。后清朝幾代先(xian)帝拜祭先(xian)祖,都(dou)要到此屯住。
康熙皇帝來長白山祭奠先(xian)祖的時候就作過《松(song)花江放船歌(ge)》:
松花(hua)江(jiang),江(jiang)水清。夜來(lai)雨過春濤生(sheng),流(liu)花(hua)疊錦(jin)銹縠(hu)明。
彩帆畫鷁隨(sui)風輕(qing),簫韶小奏中流鳴,蒼巖(yan)翠壁兩岸橫。
浮(fu)云耀日何晶(jing)晶(jing)?乘流(liu)直下(xia)蛟龍驚,連檣(qiang)接艦屯(tun)江(jiang)城。
貔貅(xiu)健甲(jia)皆精銳,旌旄映水翻朱(zhu)纓,我來問俗(su)非觀兵。
松花江(jiang),江(jiang)水清。浩浩瀚瀚沖波(bo)行,云霞萬里開澄泓