張(zhang)志(zhi)純(1220—1316),字布山(shan),號(hao)天(tian)倪子(zi)(zi)(zi)。泰安(an)埠上保(今肥城市安(an)駕莊(zhuang)(zhuang)鎮張(zhang)家安(an)村(cun))人(ren)(ren)。幼年聰慧,宿(su)有道(dao)緣(yuan)。六歲(sui)能通五(wu)經(jing),十(shi)二歲(sui)即(ji)入(ru)玄門,居岱麓會真(zhen)(zhen)宮(原為奉高宮,宋真(zhen)(zhen)宗東封駐蹕于此(ci),改額會真(zhen)(zhen)宮。其遺址在(zai)今泰安(an)軍分區宿(su)舍院內),事(shi)師崔道(dao)演。崔道(dao)演,字元甫,號(hao)真(zhen)(zhen)靜,以醫(yi)術(shu)聞名于世,是全(quan)真(zhen)(zhen)創教祖師王(wang)重陽的(de)再傳弟子(zi)(zi)(zi),事(shi)師長生真(zhen)(zhen)人(ren)(ren)劉處玄。據此(ci),則張(zhang)志(zhi)純為全(quan)真(zhen)(zhen)隨山(shan)派(pai)再傳弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)。志(zhi)純秉承師學,“其學也老莊(zhuang)(zhuang),其志(zhi)也歧軒”(元·杜仁杰(jie)語),以老莊(zhuang)(zhuang)之道(dao)修真(zhen)(zhen)養性,以歧黃之術(shu)濟世救民,過著“赤松宗世遠(yuan),岳地作神(shen)仙”(元·王(wang)奕斐贊張(zhang)志(zhi)純詩句)的(de)隱逸生活。明人(ren)(ren)蕭(xiao)協中《張(zhang)志(zhi)純》詩曰:
桃花源水武陵同,中有仙(xian)翁御(yu)閬風。
微(wei)露天倪窺(kui)妙(miao)道(dao),至今人(ren)指會真宮。
當時,元世祖忽必烈聞其名,屢(lv)召(zhao)而(er)問道(dao)。志純原(yuan)名志偉,帝將之(zhi)改為“志純”,賜(si)號“崇真保德大師”,授紫服,令其住持岱(dai)廟。
張(zhang)志(zhi)純喜與(yu)(yu)文人(ren)名(ming)士游,好詩(shi)詞。當(dang)時的名(ming)士元(yuan)好問、徐世(shi)(shi)隆(long)、杜仁(ren)杰、王奕(yi)等(deng)多與(yu)(yu)他(ta)贈(zeng)詩(shi)唱和,交誼甚厚,元(yuan)好問《送天倪子(zi)歸(gui)布山》流露(lu)出“擬與(yu)(yu)高人(ren)參(can)藥鏡(jing)”之(zhi)意,徐世(shi)(shi)隆(long)《紀夢(meng)》、《送天倪子(zi)還泰山》則(ze)稱贊(zan)張(zhang)志(zhi)純“骨強(qiang)清似鶴,步健老猶(you)龍(long)”、“九十行(xing)年發(fa)未華,道人(ren)風骨飽煙(yan)霞。”“隱居自愛(ai)陶(tao)宏景,莫作山中宰相夸。”張(zhang)志(zhi)純本(ben)人(ren)也有《題桃花峪》、《泰山喜雨》等(deng)詩(shi)作傳世(shi)(shi)。張(zhang)志(zhi)純九十余歲坐化(hua)升仙。羽化(hua)之(zhi)際(ji),預言歸(gui)期(qi),頌偈而(er)逝(shi)。偈曰:“脫下(xia)娘生皮袋,此際(ji)樂然輕快。百尺竿頭進步,蓬元(yuan)洞府去來。前(qian)世(shi)(shi)宿德醫僧,今作道門小才。”
張(zhang)(zhang)志純(chun)(chun)“形雖羸(lei),于道則肥(fei);性雖介(jie),于物則齊。具墨儒之(zhi)體(ti)用(yong),見(jian)天(tian)地之(zhi)端(duan)倪”(徐世(shi)隆題其小影(ying))。其“具墨儒之(zhi)體(ti)用(yong)”,致(zhi)使“形羸(lei)”“道肥(fei)”之(zhi)舉,在于嘔心瀝血修(xiu)葺泰山(shan)(shan)廟觀。金末(mo)元(yuan)初(chu),泰山(shan)(shan)廟宇,百廢待興。張(zhang)(zhang)志純(chun)(chun)承元(yuan)世(shi)祖之(zhi)命,歷時三十(shi)余年(nian),悉皆修(xiu)復。據《岱(dai)史》記(ji)載,張(zhang)(zhang)志純(chun)(chun)“重建(jian)岱(dai)岳,升元(yuan)及上岳廟”。晚年(nian)上書皇(huang)帝重修(xiu)蒿里山(shan)(shan)神(shen)祠,獲準后(hou)未竣(jun)(jun)即(ji)仙脫(tuo)。全真十(shi)八宗師之(zhi)一宋德(de)方之(zhi)弟子祁(qi)志誠后(hou)繼修(xiu)竣(jun)(jun)。張(zhang)(zhang)志純(chun)(chun)數十(shi)年(nian),整修(xiu)泰山(shan)(shan)廟觀二十(shi)余處。最(zui)為艱巨而又名(ming)垂青史者,當(dang)為創建(jian)南天(tian)門。
“ 天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)一長嘯,萬里(li)清風來(lai)(lai)。”唐朝(chao)詩人李白放歌南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)。在(zai)泰(tai)山(shan)十(shi)八(ba)盤(pan)的(de)(de)盡頭、飛龍(long)巖與翔(xiang)鳳嶺之間雙峰夾峙的(de)(de)低坳處,南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)巍(wei)然屹立(li),由下(xia)仰視,猶如天(tian)(tian)(tian)上宮闕(que)。古往今來(lai)(lai),千載之下(xia),游客至此無不極(ji)目四望(wang)(wang),駐足流連。凡是(shi)登過泰(tai)山(shan)的(de)(de)人,都(dou)有這樣一種體(ti)會,當你艱難(nan)地登上十(shi)八(ba)盤(pan)遙望(wang)(wang)南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)時,那種喜悅與贊嘆(tan)真是(shi)很難(nan)用(yong)語言來(lai)(lai)形容。南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)仿(fang)佛是(shi)一道通天(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)大門(men),又仿(fang)佛是(shi)一座天(tian)(tian)(tian)上的(de)(de)宮闕(que)。那么,南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)是(shi)何時所建,創建者又是(shi)誰呢?
這一(yi)巧奪天工、美輪美奐的(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑——南天門為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)創建者就是泰(tai)安道士(shi)張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)。學者王克煜介(jie)紹說(shuo),張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)6歲誦經,12歲入道,居(ju)岱麓會(hui)真(zhen)(zhen)宮(gong),其(qi)師(shi)崔道演,是王重陽再(zai)傳弟(di)子。張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)道行超(chao)群,曾任東(dong)岳廟住持,元(yuan)世(shi)祖忽必烈賜號“崇真(zhen)(zhen)保德(de)大師(shi)”“天倪”,授紫(zi)服。元(yuan)初王奕斐在(zai)贈張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)中(zhong),贊(zan)譽其(qi)“赤松宗世(shi)遠,岳地(di)作神仙”。張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)是金元(yuan)之際(ji)全真(zhen)(zhen)道士(shi),元(yuan)初泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)建筑恢復重建和(he)拓展的(de)(de)(de)(de)主持者。三(san)四十年間致力(li)于泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)上下十數(shu)(shu)座建筑群的(de)(de)(de)(de)建設(she),為(wei)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)立下了不朽功業。他的(de)(de)(de)(de)生平事跡,是泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部分,也是研究金元(yuan)宗教文化、建筑文化的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要篇章。他的(de)(de)(de)(de)名字(zi)留在(zai)元(yuan)朝的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)十碑刻(ke)中(zhong),如今(jin)依(yi)然被家鄉的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)們銘(ming)記崇拜。
張(zhang)志純是(shi)(shi)王重陽(yang)的再(zai)傳(chuan)弟子,金代末年(nian),全真教(jiao)(jiao)在山東(dong)興起,創始人(ren)(ren)王重陽(yang)及(ji)其弟子紛(fen)紛(fen)來到泰山,或潛心修煉,或傳(chuan)經布(bu)道(dao)。張(zhang)志純原名張(zhang)志偉,是(shi)(shi)肥城市(shi)安(an)駕(jia)莊鎮(zhen)張(zhang)家安(an)村人(ren)(ren),12歲出家,入五峰山拜崔真人(ren)(ren)入全真教(jiao)(jiao)。崇尚(shang)道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)的元世祖忽必烈幾次召見,與他相(xiang)談甚歡,于是(shi)(shi)下詔將“志偉”改為“志純”,授予紫(zi)服,住持岱(dai)廟,同時兼管泰安(an)道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)事宜(yi)。
當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)因多(duo)年(nian)(nian)戰(zhan)亂,一(yi)部分(fen)道(dao)觀廟(miao)宇毀于(yu)(yu)戰(zhan)火之(zhi)中(zhong)。張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)(chun)以(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)振道(dao)教在泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聲威為(wei)己任,開始了(le)(le)(le)漫長而又艱苦的(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)復歷程(cheng)。據《岱(dai)史(shi)》記(ji)載,張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)(chun)“先(xian)后重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)玉女(nv)祠(ci),創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)南(nan)天門(men)及岱(dai)頂東(dong)岳廟(miao),岱(dai)下則重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)岱(dai)岳觀、會(hui)真宮、朝元(yuan)觀等。中(zhong)統四年(nian)(nian)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)岱(dai)廟(miao),重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)仁安(an)殿,至元(yuan)二(er)十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)蒿(hao)里山(shan)(shan)神祠(ci)一(yi)百(bai)二(er)十(shi)楹(ying)。”而這(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)中(zhong)最為(wei)艱巨(ju)而又名垂青史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)南(nan)天門(men)。南(nan)天門(men)古稱“天門(men)關”,山(shan)(shan)高(gao)(gao)路(lu)遠(yuan),地勢險峻,需借助繩索才得以(yi)攀登。要(yao)在此修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)一(yi)座城(cheng)樓式建(jian)(jian)筑,工(gong)程(cheng)之(zhi)艱巨(ju)可想而知。作為(wei)南(nan)天門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)者和(he)監修(xiu)者,張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)(chun)硬是(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)3年(nian)(nian)時(shi)間于(yu)(yu)公(gong)元(yuan)1264年(nian)(nian)完成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)壯舉。現在的(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)天門(men)為(wei)清(qing)代重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian),但(dan)仍保持了(le)(le)(le)元(yuan)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)風格(ge)。 這(zhe)(zhe)組(zu)古建(jian)(jian)筑是(shi)(shi)(shi)張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)(chun)創(chuang)建(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)眾多(duo)廟(miao)宇的(de)(de)(de)(de)代表作。張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)(chun)在30多(duo)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間里,整修(xiu)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)廟(miao)觀20余處,可謂(wei)功(gong)德無量(liang)。而令人遺憾的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi),工(gong)程(cheng)尚未完工(gong),張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)(chun)便以(yi)96歲高(gao)(gao)齡(ling)羽化升仙了(le)(le)(le)。為(wei)紀念這(zhe)(zhe)位了(le)(le)(le)不起的(de)(de)(de)(de)先(xian)人,肥城(cheng)安(an)駕莊的(de)(de)(de)(de)村民們恢復了(le)(le)(le)張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)(chun)顛(dian)仙祠(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)貌(mao),繪制(zhi)了(le)(le)(le)相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)壁(bi)畫,并重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)了(le)(le)(le)張(zhang)氏祠(ci)堂(tang)和(he)張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)(chun)墓(mu),以(yi)表達對這(zhe)(zhe)位泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)道(dao)士的(de)(de)(de)(de)崇敬之(zhi)情(qing)。
元中(zhong)統三年(1262),張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)被授為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)岳提(ti)點(dian)(dian)監修官兼(jian)東(dong)(dong)平路(lu)道(dao)(dao)(dao)教都提(ti)點(dian)(dian)。應東(dong)(dong)平路(lu)總管嚴(yan)忠范之(zhi)請,籌劃監修南天門(men)(men)。南天門(men)(men)地勢險峻,幾乎(hu)高不(bu)可攀。漢(han)代馬第(di)伯《封(feng)禪(chan)儀記》曰:“俯視溪谷碌碌,不(bu)可見(jian)丈尺,遂至天門(men)(men)之(zhi)下,仰視天門(men)(men)窔(yao)遼,如(ru)從穴中(zhong)視天。直上(shang)七里,賴其(qi)(qi)羊腸逶(wei)迤,名(ming)曰環道(dao)(dao)(dao),往(wang)往(wang)有(you)絙索,可得(de)而(er)(er)(er)登也(ye)。兩從者(zhe)扶挾,前(qian)人(ren)相牽(qian),后人(ren)見(jian)前(qian)人(ren)履底(di),前(qian)人(ren)見(jian)后人(ren)頂,如(ru)畫重累人(ren)矣。所謂磨胸、捏(nie)石,捫(men)天之(zhi)難也(ye)。”徒身尚且如(ru)此(ci),工(gong)匠肩石抬(tai)木(mu),其(qi)(qi)工(gong)程之(zhi)艱巨(ju)可想而(er)(er)(er)知。無(wu)(wu)怪(guai)乎(hu),杜仁杰(jie)《天門(men)(men)銘(ming)》言:“元氣裂,兩儀具,五岳峙,真形(xing)露(lu)。惟岱宗(zong),儼其(qi)(qi)踞(ju),仰彌高,屹(yi)天柱(zhu)。浩(hao)千(qian)劫(jie),窒(zhi)來去,誰為(wei)(wei)鑿,起天慮。匪斤斧,乃(nai)祝(zhu)祖,一竅(qiao)開,達(da)(da)底(di)處。”不(bu)是“斤斧”所鑿,而(er)(er)(er)是“天慮”、“祝(zhu)祖”而(er)(er)(er)成。天門(men)(men)開通之(zhi)后,“ 踖此(ci)往(wang),嘉無(wu)(wu)數。無(wu)(wu)懷下,兵刑措(cuo),七十君,接鑾(luan)輅。”然而(er)(er)(er)后世(shi)(shi)“圣道(dao)(dao)(dao)熄,彝(yi)倫斁,揖(yi)讓歇,篡奪屢。忽焉闔(he),梗無(wu)(wu)路(lu)。象緯(wei)森,敕訶護(hu),朝(chao)百(bai)靈,由茲戶。金璀璨,朱間布,九虎(hu)蹲,萬夫怖。”因為(wei)(wei)后世(shi)(shi)君王(wang)不(bu)再稟行(xing)三皇五帝之(zhi)圣道(dao)(dao)(dao),故而(er)(er)(er)天門(men)(men)“忽焉闔(he)”。作者(zhe)憂(you)國(guo)憂(you)民,發(fa)出(chu)了“辟何時(shi),坦如(ru)故”的吶(na)喊。上(shang)天明示,只(zhi)有(you)“豁蒙蔽(bi),泄(xie)塵霧,刮政疵(ci),剔民蠹(du)”,達(da)(da)到“上(shang)得(de)情(qing),下安作,額血殫,帝聰(cong)悟”,天門(men)(men)才能再開。張(zhang)志(zhi)純(chun)于天門(men)(men)經構(gou)室(shi)宇,歷時(shi)近三年乃(nai)成,杜仁杰(jie)于是乎(hu)銘(ming)之(zhi)。銘(ming)文(wen)最后透露(lu)出(chu)創(chuang)建(jian)初(chu)衷:“刻我銘(ming),期孔(kong)固,垂萬世(shi)(shi),正王(wang)度”,闡發(fa)出(chu)“神道(dao)(dao)(dao)設教”的深(shen)意。
張(zhang)志(zhi)純修建(jian)廟宇(yu)而闡(chan)揚道教,“若夫師之(zhi)(zhi)寢處(chu)衣食,與役(yi)夫等。是以人忘其死而成師之(zhi)(zhi)志(zhi),雖國朝為之(zhi)(zhi),亦不能齊(qi)一如(ru)此”。杜仁杰(jie)撰《泰安阜上張(zhang)氏先(xian)塋記》亦云:每次工(gong)程完(wan)工(gong),接受朝廷賜號和任命之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),他(ta)總是“慨然拂衣,復還布山之(zhi)(zhi)舊隱”。其性情之(zhi)(zhi)淡(dan)泊高遠(yuan)可見一斑。
南天(tian)門于元中(zhong)統五(wu)年(1264)竣工之(zhi)后(hou),明清多次(ci)重修。今之(zhi)南天(tian)門保持清代(dai)風格(ge),分上下兩層。下層為拱形(xing)(xing)門洞(dong),條石(shi)壘砌,券石(shi)起拱,頂鋪條石(shi),四周冰盤(pan)式出檐。上鑲貼金石(shi)額(e)書(shu)“南天(tian)門”三個(ge)大字。上層建摩(mo)空(kong)閣(ge),面(mian)闊三間,二柱五(wu)檁五(wu)架梁(liang),重梁(liang)起架,黃琉璃瓦卷棚重檐歇(xie)山(shan)頂。南向(xiang)正門開拱形(xing)(xing)門,兩次(ci)間各開一(yi)窗。門上石(shi)額(e)題“摩(mo)空(kong)閣(ge)”。
南天門(men)北面(mian),宋真宗(zong)時建(jian)三(san)靈候祠(ci),《通志》稱:“周(zhou)諫官唐宸(chen)、葛雍、周(zhou)武(wu)也。宋真宗(zong)東封泰山見(jian)三(san)神人于天門(men),因(yin)加封建(jian)祀”。元代(dai)已(yi)圯,后(hou)建(jian)關(guan)(guan)帝廟。今關(guan)(guan)帝廟三(san)間,四柱五(wu)架(jia)梁七檁前(qian)后(hou)廊式(shi),重(zhong)梁起架(jia),五(wu)脊硬山頂。前(qian)廊內有(you)關(guan)(guan)帝像(xiang)贊碑,像(xiang)陰線刻。南天門(men)和關(guan)(guan)帝廟中間兩側(ce),有(you)東西配殿各三(san)間。南天門(men)下側(ce)有(you)石(shi)棚,內壁鑲南天門(men)創(chuang)建(jian)碑。元正統五(wu)年正月,杜仁杰(jie)撰文,東平路(lu)總管(guan)嚴忠范(fan)書(shu)丹,泰安(an)州刺(ci)史張汝霖勒石(shi),淵(yuan)靜大師岱廟觀(guan)主劉(liu)德源,昭真觀(guan)主翟慶真同立。
建(jian)成(cheng)之后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)、泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)城(cheng)“三重(zhong)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條軸線(xian)”整(zheng)體(ti)格局(ju)(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)最重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)景點之一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。歷史(shi)上,泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)城(cheng)“三重(zhong)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)”是(shi)指陰(yin)司、人間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)庭(ting)。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)城(cheng)奈(nai)河以(yi)(yi)西以(yi)(yi)南(nan),以(yi)(yi)奈(nai)河橋和蒿(hao)里(li)山(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)主,屬于(yu)陰(yin)司地(di)獄。中(zhong)(zhong)國傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)府有兩處,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)前的(de)(de)(de)蒿(hao)里(li)山(shan)(shan),再(zai)就是(shi)四川的(de)(de)(de)酆(feng)都(dou)。古人認為(wei)(wei),蒿(hao)里(li)山(shan)(shan)是(shi)人死(si)(si)后(hou)鬼魂(hun)歸宿(su)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方。早(zao)在漢(han)朝時,就有“泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)主生死(si)(si)”、“人死(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)鬼,魂(hun)歸泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)”之說。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)城(cheng)(包括原(yuan)奉高)東半部至(zhi)岱麓屬于(yu)繁華熱鬧的(de)(de)(de)“人間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)”。整(zheng)個泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)城(cheng)建(jian)筑,以(yi)(yi)通天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)街(jie)(jie)、岱廟、岱宗坊為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)軸,左右對稱(cheng),布(bu)局(ju)(ju)嚴(yan)整(zheng)。自岱宗坊至(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men),便由“人間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)”開始“登(deng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”,攀(pan)登(deng)六(liu)千余級臺階,經(jing)(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men),至(zhi)南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)便到(dao)了(le)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)庭(ting)”。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)以(yi)(yi)“朝天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)構(gou)思中(zhong)(zhong),有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條中(zhong)(zhong)軸線(xian),即泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)東路(古代“中(zhong)(zhong)路”)景觀(guan)(guan),這(zhe)是(shi)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)核(he)心(xin)。這(zhe)種格局(ju)(ju)是(shi)由歷代帝(di)(di)王(wang)封(feng)禪(chan)、祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)而形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)。帝(di)(di)王(wang)來泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)封(feng)禪(chan)、祭(ji)(ji)祀(si),多循東路而登(deng)山(shan)(shan)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)跨(kua)越(yue)大汶河,進(jin)入(ru)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)安(an)城(cheng)南(nan)關,穿過“通天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”街(jie)(jie),至(zhi)紅門(men)(men)(men)下,更衣(yi)登(deng)山(shan)(shan)。經(jing)(jing)由“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)”、“中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)”直達“南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)”,再(zai)經(jing)(jing)碧霞(xia)祠,登(deng)臨玉皇頂,祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)禮(li)拜(bai)仰答神(shen)庥。而南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)恰(qia)恰(qia)是(shi)登(deng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道關隘,攀(pan)上“緊十(shi)八,慢十(shi)八,不(bu)緊不(bu)慢又十(shi)八”的(de)(de)(de)素有“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)云梯(ti)”之稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)十(shi)八盤,步入(ru)南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)便到(dao)了(le)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)街(jie)(jie)”。南(nan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)(men)是(shi)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan)自然(ran)景觀(guan)(guan)與(yu)人文景觀(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)絕妙結合(he),其蘊含的(de)(de)(de)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)人合(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”的(de)(de)(de)精神(shen),與(yu)帝(di)(di)王(wang)封(feng)禪(chan)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)山(shan)(shan),溝通天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di),宣(xuan)示受命(ming)于(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)、國泰(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)民安(an)的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)教使命(ming)相(xiang)契合(he),也與(yu)黎民百姓(xing)拜(bai)廟求(qiu)神(shen),虔(qian)敬元君、祈求(qiu)濟苦救難(nan)、庇佑蒼生的(de)(de)(de)心(xin)靈訴(su)求(qiu)相(xiang)輔(fu)承。
南(nan)(nan)天(tian)門(men)(men)建成后,泰山道教得(de)到(dao)了進一(yi)步的發展。張(zhang)志純從此便與南(nan)(nan)天(tian)門(men)(men)緊緊的聯系在一(yi)起。每當我們(men)登臨南(nan)(nan)天(tian)門(men)(men),置(zhi)身“門(men)(men)辟九霄仰步三(san)天(tian)勝(sheng)(sheng)跡(ji),階重萬級俯(fu)臨千嶂(zhang)奇觀(guan)”(南(nan)(nan)天(tian)門(men)(men)對聯)的時(shi)候(hou),就不由(you)得(de)憶(yi)起張(zhang)志純:“如吾師者,退(tui)然(ran)(ran)才中人(ren),癯瘁若不能勝(sheng)(sheng)衣,然(ran)(ran)問無不知,叩無不應,若乃芥納須彌,囊括宇宙,不足喻其胸次橫(heng)闊之(zhi)萬一(yi)。乃以區(qu)區(qu)土(tu)木之(zhi)功相溷,向其不知師之(zhi)甚(shen)耶?”(杜仁杰《泰安阜上張(zhang)氏(shi)先塋記》)信哉,斯言!