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基本介紹

汕頭市潮(chao)南(nan)區(qu)較大(da)的水(shui)庫——秋風(feng)水(shui)庫，位于區(qu)境大(da)南(nan)山北麓，是練(lian)江(jiang)最大(da)支流兩英河上游控制性(xing)水(shui)庫。庫水(shui)面縱橫3公(gong)里，控制集(ji)雨(yu)面積105平方公(gong)里，總庫容(rong)6384萬立(li)(li)方米(mi)。現土壩高28米(mi)、面寬6米(mi)、全長(chang)2049米(mi)；泄(xie)洪閘2座，最大(da)泄(xie)洪流量452立(li)(li)方米(mi)每秒。

景點景觀

秋風(feng)嶺(ling)水(shui)庫(ku)位(wei)于(yu)潮南區(qu)西南部，因處(chu)原秋風(feng)嶺(ling)村(已移)北側(ce)而得名。建成于(yu)1959年11月，是汕(shan)頭(tou)市大的(de)(de)一宗以(yi)攔(lan)洪(hong)蓄水(shui)為主，控制(zhi)集雨(yu)面(mian)積105．1平(ping)方公里（含上游(you)(you)紅場水(shui)庫(ku)集雨(yu)面(mian)積），總庫(ku)容6903萬(wan)立方米，兼顧灌溉、供(gong)水(shui)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)電等綜(zong)合(he)利用的(de)(de)中型水(shui)庫(ku)，建成以(yi)來，有效地治理(li)了練江流域的(de)(de)水(shui)旱(han)災害，解(jie)決(jue)了下游(you)(you)10．2萬(wan)畝農(nong)田灌溉和6個鎮近50萬(wan)人口的(de)(de)飲水(shui)問題(ti)，促進了工農(nong)業生產的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。作為治理(li)練江水(shui)旱(han)災害的(de)(de)主要骨干(gan)工程，40多(duo)年來發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮著(zhu)攔(lan)洪(hong)蓄水(shui)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)電、灌溉、供(gong)水(shui)等綜(zong)合(he)效益。

歷史沿革

歷史上(shang)兩(liang)英(ying)河中下游(you)兩(liang)岸(an)水旱災害頻繁，降100多(duo)毫米暴雨，洪水往往沖決堤(di)防，并瀉入練江(jiang)平(ping)原泛濫；遇旱則(ze)上(shang)游(you)源(yuan)流(liu)枯(ku)竭，加上(shang)練江(jiang)咸潮上(shang)涌而(er)致旱咸為害；歷代的爭水械(xie)斗，更是(shi)屢見不鮮。

中華人(ren)民(min)共和國成立(li)后(hou)，群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)迫切要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)，人(ren)民(min)政府把它列為議事日程(cheng)，多(duo)次(ci)組織勘測(ce)。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)土改時即已預留移民(min)房屋與(yu)耕地；1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)黨代會通過建(jian)(jian)設(she)秋(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)的(de)決議，并(bing)成立(li)以郭春(chun)為主(zhu)任（縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委第一(yi)(yi)書記兼(jian)）的(de)“籌建(jian)(jian)委員會”；1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開展庫(ku)(ku)區(qu)移民(min)遷(qian)安工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作；1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)正(zheng)式開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。由兩(liang)英、司馬浦、峽山(shan)、臚崗(gang)、和平(ping)、陳店(dian)、銅盂等(deng)一(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)多(duo)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)地，實行(xing)三(san)班制(zhi)日夜施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。當時縣(xian)(xian)(xian)內大批工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)同(tong)時上(shang)馬，人(ren)力物資極度緊缺，但受益(yi)(yi)(yi)區(qu)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)表現極大積極性，一(yi)(yi)切服從水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)建(jian)(jian)設(she)需要(yao)(yao)。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)12日的(de)臺風(feng)(feng)(feng)暴雨(yu)，洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)猛漲至(zhi)38．38米(mi)高(gao)程(cheng)，時土壩(ba)(ba)頂高(gao)程(cheng)只達(da)40．06米(mi)，風(feng)(feng)(feng)浪沖濺過壩(ba)(ba)頂，4000多(duo)干部(bu)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)不顧家(jia)(jia)中受災，頂風(feng)(feng)(feng)冒雨(yu)搶險護壩(ba)(ba)，避免(mian)一(yi)(yi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)垮壩(ba)(ba)巨災。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)完成土壩(ba)(ba)，又組織2萬(wan)(wan)多(duo)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)行(xing)灌(guan)區(qu)渠道工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)配套(tao)，至(zhi)1960年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)夏，完成100多(duo)公里的(de)干、支渠道配套(tao)。在水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)建(jian)(jian)成以后(hou)的(de)40多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間，水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)多(duo)次(ci)進(jin)行(xing)加(jia)固、擴建(jian)(jian)與(yu)配套(tao)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有1964—1965年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，建(jian)(jian)成壩(ba)(ba)后(hou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站供內澇地區(qu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動排(pai)灌(guan)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)擴建(jian)(jian)，土壩(ba)(ba)加(jia)高(gao)2米(mi)、面(mian)(mian)加(jia)寬4米(mi)以及(ji)灌(guan)區(qu)全面(mian)(mian)改建(jian)(jian)加(jia)固渠系(xi)與(yu)建(jian)(jian)筑物，使灌(guan)區(qu)達(da)10．2萬(wan)(wan)畝、水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)校核(he)標準達(da)200年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇。1975—1976年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，將(jiang)上(shang)金溪、利陂等(deng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)27平(ping)方公里區(qu)間洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，截(jie)引入秋(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)，通過圓(yuan)山(shan)泄洪(hong)閘排(pai)出南海(hai)；上(shang)游(you)興建(jian)(jian)紅(hong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)，使秋(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)安全標準達(da)千(qian)(qian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇校核(he)。40多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來，累(lei)(lei)計(ji)（不包括(kuo)南山(shan)截(jie)洪(hong)與(yu)紅(hong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)）完成土方340多(duo)萬(wan)(wan)立(li)萬(wan)(wan)米(mi)、石(shi)方11．5萬(wan)(wan)立(li)方米(mi)，投放勞(lao)力960多(duo)萬(wan)(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)日，建(jian)(jian)成這座(zuo)多(duo)種(zhong)效用(yong)的(de)樞紐工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)效益(yi)(yi)(yi)：控(kong)制(zhi)區(qu)間105．1平(ping)方公里的(de)山(shan)洪(hong)直接(jie)排(pai)出南海(hai)（占本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)練江流域(yu)山(shan)地面(mian)(mian)積的(de)三(san)分之一(yi)(yi)），解除兩(liang)英河洪(hong)災，大大減輕練江澇災，最(zui)大灌(guan)溉10萬(wan)(wan)畝；回收上(shang)游(you)紅(hong)場(chang)(chang)(chang)3級(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)尾水(shui)(shui)(shui)，改善壩(ba)(ba)后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站發電(dian)(dian)(dian)，成為縣(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網發電(dian)(dian)(dian)主(zhu)力，累(lei)(lei)計(ji)4個梯級(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站從投運至(zhi)今已發電(dian)(dian)(dian)10223．4萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時。此(ci)時還供縣(xian)(xian)(xian)魚苗場(chang)(chang)(chang)、養鰻場(chang)(chang)(chang)、布廠等(deng)生(sheng)(sheng)產用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，至(zhi)1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，累(lei)(lei)計(ji)提供生(sheng)(sheng)產與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)17．57億立(li)方米(mi)，發電(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)14．68億立(li)方米(mi)。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)又開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)興建(jian)(jian)受益(yi)(yi)(yi)練江片5個鎮96個村的(de)秋(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)自來水(shui)(shui)(shui)廠。該項工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)完成后(hou)，作為粵東地區(qu)大的(de)以水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)為水(shui)(shui)(shui)源工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統，將(jiang)南山(shan)清泉，通過輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)道網送給練江平(ping)原千(qian)(qian)家(jia)(jia)萬(wan)(wan)戶(hu)，改善50多(duo)萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)民(min)的(de)飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源。秋(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)(feng)(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)的(de)經濟效益(yi)(yi)(yi)、社會環境效益(yi)(yi)(yi)從此(ci)更加(jia)明顯(xian)。

由(you)于水(shui)庫(ku)建設受當(dang)時(shi)歷史條件限制，設計標準低，質量差，雖經多次加(jia)固、擴建與配(pei)套，主要建筑(zhu)物(wu)仍存在不同程度的險患(huan)，2000年被測定為三類險壩(ba)。

為消(xiao)除水(shui)庫安全隱患，實現安全達標，2002年(nian)(nian)經(jing)省批準(zhun)立(li)項(xiang)同意計(ji)劃投入資金5266萬元，按50年(nian)(nian)一遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)標準(zhun)設計(ji)，100年(nian)(nian)一遇洪(hong)(hong)水(shui)標準(zhun)校核進(jin)行除險加固。