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基本介紹

汕頭市潮南(nan)區較大(da)的(de)水庫——秋風水庫，位(wei)于區境大(da)南(nan)山北(bei)麓，是練(lian)江最大(da)支流兩英河(he)上游控制(zhi)性水庫。庫水面(mian)縱橫3公里(li)，控制(zhi)集雨面(mian)積105平方公里(li)，總庫容(rong)6384萬(wan)立方米(mi)。現土壩高28米(mi)、面(mian)寬(kuan)6米(mi)、全(quan)長2049米(mi)；泄洪(hong)閘(zha)2座，最大(da)泄洪(hong)流量452立方米(mi)每秒。

景點景觀

秋風嶺(ling)(ling)水庫(ku)位(wei)于潮南區西南部，因處原(yuan)秋風嶺(ling)(ling)村(已移(yi))北側而(er)得(de)名(ming)。建成(cheng)于1959年(nian)11月，是汕頭市大(da)的(de)一宗以攔洪蓄水為主(zhu)，控制集雨(yu)面積105．1平方(fang)公(gong)里（含上(shang)游紅(hong)場水庫(ku)集雨(yu)面積），總(zong)庫(ku)容(rong)6903萬立方(fang)米，兼顧灌溉、供水、發電(dian)等綜合利(li)用(yong)的(de)中型水庫(ku)，建成(cheng)以來，有效(xiao)地治理了(le)(le)練(lian)(lian)江(jiang)流域的(de)水旱(han)災害，解決了(le)(le)下游10．2萬畝(mu)農田灌溉和6個(ge)鎮近(jin)50萬人口的(de)飲水問題，促進了(le)(le)工農業生產的(de)發展。作為治理練(lian)(lian)江(jiang)水旱(han)災害的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)骨干工程，40多(duo)年(nian)來發揮(hui)著(zhu)攔洪蓄水、發電(dian)、灌溉、供水等綜合效(xiao)益。

歷史沿革

歷(li)史上(shang)兩英河中(zhong)下游兩岸水旱災(zai)害(hai)頻(pin)繁，降100多(duo)毫米暴雨，洪水往往沖決堤防(fang)，并瀉(xie)入練江(jiang)平原泛(fan)濫；遇(yu)旱則上(shang)游源流枯竭(jie)，加上(shang)練江(jiang)咸潮上(shang)涌(yong)而致旱咸為害(hai)；歷(li)代的爭水械斗，更是屢見不鮮。

中華人(ren)民(min)共(gong)和國成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)(li)后(hou)，群眾(zhong)迫(po)切要(yao)求建(jian)設水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)，人(ren)民(min)政府把它列為(wei)(wei)議事日程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)次(ci)組織(zhi)(zhi)勘測。1952年(nian)(nian)(nian)土改(gai)時(shi)(shi)即(ji)已預留移民(min)房(fang)屋(wu)與(yu)(yu)耕地(di)(di)(di)；1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月，縣(xian)(xian)黨代會通(tong)過建(jian)設秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)的(de)決議，并成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)(li)以(yi)(yi)郭春為(wei)(wei)主任（縣(xian)(xian)委(wei)第一(yi)(yi)書(shu)記兼）的(de)“籌建(jian)委(wei)員會”；1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)展庫(ku)區移民(min)遷(qian)安工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)；1958年(nian)(nian)(nian)7月，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正式開(kai)工(gong)(gong)。由兩英、司(si)馬(ma)浦、峽山(shan)(shan)(shan)、臚崗、和平(ping)、陳店(dian)、銅(tong)盂等一(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)民(min)工(gong)(gong)上工(gong)(gong)地(di)(di)(di)，實行三班制(zhi)日夜施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。當時(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)內(nei)大(da)批工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)上馬(ma)，人(ren)力(li)物資極度緊缺(que)，但受(shou)(shou)益區群眾(zhong)表現極大(da)積極性，一(yi)(yi)切服從水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)建(jian)設需要(yao)。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月12日的(de)臺風(feng)暴雨，洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)猛(meng)漲至(zhi)38．38米(mi)(mi)高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，時(shi)(shi)土壩(ba)頂(ding)(ding)高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)只(zhi)達(da)(da)(da)40．06米(mi)(mi)，風(feng)浪沖濺過壩(ba)頂(ding)(ding)，4000多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)干部(bu)群眾(zhong)不(bu)顧家(jia)(jia)中受(shou)(shou)災，頂(ding)(ding)風(feng)冒雨搶險護壩(ba)，避(bi)免一(yi)(yi)場垮壩(ba)巨災。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)土壩(ba)，又(you)組織(zhi)(zhi)2萬(wan)(wan)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)民(min)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)行灌(guan)(guan)區渠(qu)道工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)配套(tao)，至(zhi)1960年(nian)(nian)(nian)夏，完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)100多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)公里(li)(li)的(de)干、支渠(qu)道配套(tao)。在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)后(hou)的(de)40多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)次(ci)進(jin)行加固、擴(kuo)建(jian)與(yu)(yu)配套(tao)，主要(yao)有1964—1965年(nian)(nian)(nian)，建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)壩(ba)后(hou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)供內(nei)澇(lao)地(di)(di)(di)區電(dian)(dian)(dian)動排(pai)灌(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)擴(kuo)建(jian)，土壩(ba)加高2米(mi)(mi)、面加寬4米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)及灌(guan)(guan)區全面改(gai)建(jian)加固渠(qu)系與(yu)(yu)建(jian)筑物，使(shi)灌(guan)(guan)區達(da)(da)(da)10．2萬(wan)(wan)畝、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)校(xiao)核標準達(da)(da)(da)200年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇(yu)。1975—1976年(nian)(nian)(nian)，將上金溪、利陂等水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)27平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)公里(li)(li)區間(jian)洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，截引入秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)，通(tong)過圓山(shan)(shan)(shan)泄洪(hong)閘排(pai)出(chu)(chu)南(nan)海；上游興(xing)建(jian)紅(hong)場水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)，使(shi)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)安全標準達(da)(da)(da)千(qian)(qian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇(yu)校(xiao)核。40多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)，累(lei)計（不(bu)包括南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)截洪(hong)與(yu)(yu)紅(hong)場工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)）完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)土方(fang)(fang)(fang)340多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)立(li)(li)萬(wan)(wan)米(mi)(mi)、石方(fang)(fang)(fang)11．5萬(wan)(wan)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，投放勞(lao)力(li)960多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)工(gong)(gong)日，建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)這座多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)種效(xiao)用(yong)(yong)的(de)樞紐工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，主要(yao)效(xiao)益：控制(zhi)區間(jian)105．1平(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)公里(li)(li)的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)洪(hong)直(zhi)接排(pai)出(chu)(chu)南(nan)海（占本縣(xian)(xian)練(lian)江流域山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)面積的(de)三分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)），解除兩英河洪(hong)災，大(da)大(da)減輕練(lian)江澇(lao)災，最(zui)大(da)灌(guan)(guan)溉10萬(wan)(wan)畝；回收(shou)上游紅(hong)場3級水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)尾水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，改(gai)善壩(ba)后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)縣(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)主力(li)，累(lei)計4個梯(ti)級電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)從投運(yun)至(zhi)今已發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)10223．4萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)(shi)。此時(shi)(shi)還供縣(xian)(xian)魚(yu)苗場、養鰻場、布(bu)廠等生產用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，至(zhi)1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)，累(lei)計提供生產與(yu)(yu)生活用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)17．57億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)，發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)14．68億立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)又(you)開(kai)工(gong)(gong)興(xing)建(jian)受(shou)(shou)益練(lian)江片5個鎮96個村的(de)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)自來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)廠。該項工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)粵(yue)東地(di)(di)(di)區大(da)的(de)以(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)為(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系統，將南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)清泉，通(tong)過輸水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管道網送給練(lian)江平(ping)原千(qian)(qian)家(jia)(jia)萬(wan)(wan)戶(hu)，改(gai)善50多(duo)(duo)(duo)(duo)萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)民(min)的(de)飲用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)。秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)風(feng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)的(de)經(jing)濟效(xiao)益、社會環境效(xiao)益從此更加明顯。

由于水庫建設(she)受(shou)當時歷(li)史條件限制，設(she)計(ji)標準低，質量差，雖經多次(ci)加固、擴建與配套(tao)，主要(yao)建筑物(wu)仍存在不(bu)同程(cheng)度的險患，2000年被測定(ding)為三類險壩。

為消除(chu)水庫安全(quan)隱患，實現安全(quan)達標(biao)(biao)，2002年(nian)經(jing)省批準立項同意計劃(hua)投入資金5266萬元，按50年(nian)一遇洪(hong)水標(biao)(biao)準設計，100年(nian)一遇洪(hong)水標(biao)(biao)準校核進行除(chu)險(xian)加固。