芒果视频下载

主要經歷

擔任校尉

耿(geng)(geng)(geng)恭的父親耿(geng)(geng)(geng)廣很早便已去世，耿(geng)(geng)(geng)恭年少(shao)時就成為了孤兒。耿(geng)(geng)(geng)恭為人慷慨多謀(mou)略，有將帥的才能。

永平十(shi)七年(nian)（74年(nian)）十(shi)一月，騎都尉(wei)(wei)劉張(zhang)出兵(bing)攻(gong)打(da)(da)車師，請耿恭(gong)(gong)擔任(ren)(ren)(ren)司(si)馬(ma)，和奉(feng)車都尉(wei)(wei)竇固以及耿恭(gong)(gong)堂弟駙馬(ma)都尉(wei)(wei)耿秉打(da)(da)敗并使車師投降。東(dong)漢(han)朝廷(ting)開始在西域(yu)設置西域(yu)都護、戊己校尉(wei)(wei)，于是任(ren)(ren)(ren)命(ming)耿恭(gong)(gong)為戊己校尉(wei)(wei)。屯兵(bing)后王(wang)(wang)(wang)部金蒲城（今新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)奇臺西北(bei)），任(ren)(ren)(ren)命(ming)謁者關寵也(ye)為戊己校尉(wei)(wei)，屯守(shou)前(qian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)柳中城（今新(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)艾丁(ding)湖(hu)東(dong)北(bei)），每個(ge)駐屯地(di)各設幾(ji)百人(ren)。耿恭(gong)(gong)到達(da)任(ren)(ren)(ren)所，送文書(shu)到烏(wu)(wu)(wu)孫國(guo)，顯示東(dong)漢(han)朝廷(ting)的威(wei)望(wang)恩德，烏(wu)(wu)(wu)孫國(guo)王(wang)(wang)(wang)以下的人(ren)都非常高興，派使者向(xiang)東(dong)漢(han)朝廷(ting)進貢(gong)名馬(ma)，并獻上(shang)漢(han)宣帝時賜(si)給公主的賭具，希望(wang)派烏(wu)(wu)(wu)孫王(wang)(wang)(wang)子入朝侍奉(feng)。耿恭(gong)(gong)于是派使者贈送金子、織物，迎接烏(wu)(wu)(wu)孫王(wang)(wang)(wang)子入朝侍奉(feng)。

抵御匈奴

永平十八年(nian)（75年(nian)）三月，北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)單(dan)于派左鹿蠡王率領兩萬騎兵攻(gong)打(da)車(che)師。耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)派司(si)馬領兵三百人(ren)前往(wang)援救(jiu)車(che)師，途中(zhong)遭(zao)遇北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)大軍，因寡不敵眾(zhong)，全(quan)軍覆(fu)沒。于是北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)打(da)敗并殺死(si)車(che)師后王安得，繼而攻(gong)打(da)金蒲城(cheng)。由(you)于城(cheng)中(zhong)兵少，形勢(shi)危急，耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)便親自登(deng)城(cheng)與北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)人(ren)交戰。耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)把毒藥涂在箭上，傳話給(gei)北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)人(ren)說(shuo)：“這是漢朝神(shen)箭，中(zhong)箭者必出(chu)怪事。”于是用硬弓射箭。中(zhong)箭的北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)人(ren)，看到(dao)傷口(kou)處血水(shui)沸涌(yong)，大為驚慌。當(dang)時正好出(chu)現(xian)狂風(feng)暴雨(yu)(yu)，耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)軍乘雨(yu)(yu)攻(gong)打(da)北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)，殺傷眾(zhong)多北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)人(ren)。北(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)(nu)(nu)人(ren)十分震恐，相互說(shuo)道：“漢軍有神(shen)力，真可怕啊(a)！”于是解圍撤退。

永平(ping)十八年五月(yue)（《資治通鑒》作六(liu)月(yue)），耿(geng)(geng)恭因疏勒城(cheng)(cheng)邊有溪(xi)流(liu)可(ke)以固守(shou)，便(bian)率軍占(zhan)據該城(cheng)(cheng)。七月(yue)，北(bei)(bei)匈奴(nu)(nu)(nu)再次(ci)前來(lai)進攻(gong)耿(geng)(geng)恭，耿(geng)(geng)恭招募先(xian)鋒幾千人(ren)直奔北(bei)(bei)匈奴(nu)(nu)(nu)，北(bei)(bei)匈奴(nu)(nu)(nu)騎(qi)兵(bing)(bing)逃散，在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)下堵絕溪(xi)流(liu)。耿(geng)(geng)恭在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)掘井十五丈，仍不出水。官兵(bing)(bing)焦渴困乏，甚至擠榨馬糞汁來(lai)飲用。耿(geng)(geng)恭親自帶領士兵(bing)(bing)挖(wa)井運土，不久，泉(quan)水涌(yong)出，眾(zhong)人(ren)齊呼萬(wan)歲。耿(geng)(geng)恭便(bian)命官兵(bing)(bing)在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)上潑水給北(bei)(bei)匈奴(nu)(nu)(nu)人(ren)看。北(bei)(bei)匈奴(nu)(nu)(nu)人(ren)感到(dao)意外(wai)，以為有神(shen)明在(zai)幫助漢軍，于是領兵(bing)(bing)撤退。

遭圍回國

主詞條(tiao)：十三將士歸玉門

永平十八年（75年）六月，西域的(de)焉(yan)耆(qi)和(he)龜茲兩國(guo)攻打(da)西域都護陳(chen)睦，陳(chen)睦全(quan)軍覆沒。北匈奴(nu)的(de)軍隊(dui)則在柳中(zhong)城包(bao)圍關寵。

永平十八年(nian)八月，漢(han)(han)明帝(di)去世，朝(chao)廷正是(shi)大喪之(zhi)機，沒有派(pai)出救(jiu)兵。于是(shi)車師再度反叛，和(he)北匈奴(nu)一(yi)道進攻耿恭(gong)。耿恭(gong)激(ji)勵士兵進行抵抗。車師后王(wang)夫人(ren)的祖先是(shi)漢(han)(han)人(ren)，經常暗中把敵(di)情告訴(su)耿恭(gong)，又供給他糧(liang)(liang)食軍餉。幾個月后，漢(han)(han)軍糧(liang)(liang)食耗盡，便(bian)用水煮鎧(kai)甲弓弩(nu)，吃上(shang)面的獸筋皮革。耿恭(gong)和(he)士兵以(yi)誠相(xiang)待，同生共死(si)，所(suo)以(yi)眾人(ren)全(quan)無二心，但死(si)者(zhe)日漸增多(duo)，只(zhi)剩下了(le)數十人(ren)。北匈奴(nu)單(dan)于知道耿恭(gong)已身陷絕境，定要讓他投降(jiang)，便(bian)派(pai)使者(zhe)去招降(jiang)耿恭(gong)說(shuo)：“你(ni)如果投降(jiang)，單(dan)于就封(feng)你(ni)做白屋(wu)王(wang)，給你(ni)女子為妻。”耿恭(gong)引誘使者(zhe)登(deng)城，親手將他殺死(si)，在(zai)城頭用火炙烤北匈奴(nu)使者(zhe)尸體(ti)。北匈奴(nu)單(dan)于大為憤(fen)怒，又增派(pai)援(yuan)兵圍困耿恭(gong)，但仍(reng)不(bu)能(neng)攻破(po)城池。當時，關寵上(shang)書朝(chao)廷請求救(jiu)援(yuan)，漢(han)(han)章帝(di)采(cai)納司徒鮑昱的建議，派(pai)征(zheng)西將軍耿秉屯(tun)守酒泉(quan)，派(pai)酒泉(quan)太守秦彭(peng)（一(yi)作(zuo)段彭(peng)）、謁者(zhe)王(wang)蒙(meng)、皇甫援(yuan)征(zheng)發(fa)張掖(ye)、酒泉(quan)、敦煌(huang)三郡以(yi)及鄯善部(bu)隊，共七千多(duo)人(ren)，前往救(jiu)援(yuan)。

建初(chu)元年（76年）正月(yue)，秦彭等(deng)人(ren)率軍在柳中集結(jie)，進(jin)擊車(che)師，攻打交(jiao)河城，斬殺三千(qian)八百人(ren)，俘虜三千(qian)余人(ren)。北匈奴驚慌而逃，車(che)師再度(du)投降東漢。

這時(shi)，關寵已經(jing)去(qu)世，王(wang)蒙(meng)等人(ren)打算引(yin)兵東歸。耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的一(yi)位軍(jun)(jun)吏范(fan)羌(qiang)(qiang)當時(shi)正(zheng)在(zai)王(wang)蒙(meng)軍(jun)(jun)中，他(ta)堅持要求(qiu)去(qu)援(yuan)救耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。將(jiang)領們不(bu)敢(gan)前往，便分出兩千救兵交給范(fan)羌(qiang)(qiang)。范(fan)羌(qiang)(qiang)經(jing)由山(shan)(shan)北(bei)之(zhi)路去(qu)接(jie)耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，途(tu)中曾遇到(dao)一(yi)丈多(duo)深(shen)的積(ji)雪。援(yuan)軍(jun)(jun)精疲力(li)(li)盡(jin)，僅能(neng)勉強到(dao)達。耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等人(ren)夜(ye)間在(zai)城中聽到(dao)兵馬(ma)之(zhi)聲，以為北(bei)匈(xiong)奴來了援(yuan)軍(jun)(jun)，大為震驚。范(fan)羌(qiang)(qiang)從遠處喊(han)道：“我(wo)是(shi)(shi)范(fan)羌(qiang)(qiang)。朝(chao)廷派(pai)(pai)部(bu)隊迎接(jie)校尉(wei)了！”城中的人(ren)齊呼萬歲。于是(shi)(shi)打開(kai)城門(men)，眾人(ren)互相擁抱(bao)，痛哭流(liu)涕。次(ci)日，他(ta)們便同(tong)救兵一(yi)道返回(hui)。北(bei)匈(xiong)奴派(pai)(pai)兵追擊，漢軍(jun)(jun)邊(bian)戰邊(bian)走。官兵饑餓已久，從疏(shu)勒城出發(fa)時(shi)，還有(you)二(er)十(shi)六人(ren)，沿途(tu)不(bu)斷死(si)亡，到(dao)三月抵達玉門(men)時(shi)，只剩下了十(shi)三人(ren)。這十(shi)三人(ren)衣衫(shan)襤(lan)褸(lv)，鞋履洞穿，面容憔悴，形銷骨立。中郎將(jiang)鄭眾為耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及其部(bu)下安(an)排洗浴，更換衣帽。并上書朝(chao)廷說：“耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以微弱的兵力(li)(li)固(gu)守(shou)孤城，抵抗匈(xiong)奴數(shu)萬大軍(jun)(jun)，經(jing)年(nian)累月，耗盡(jin)了全部(bu)心力(li)(li)，鑿山(shan)(shan)打井，煮食(shi)弓弩，先(xian)后殺傷敵人(ren)數(shu)以千計，忠勇俱全，沒有(you)使漢朝(chao)蒙(meng)羞(xiu)。應當賜(si)給他(ta)榮耀(yao)的官爵(jue)，以激勵(li)將(jiang)帥(shuai)。”耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)到(dao)達洛(luo)陽后，鮑昱(yu)上奏稱(cheng)耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的節(jie)操超過蘇武，應當封爵(jue)受賞。于是(shi)(shi)任(ren)命(ming)耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為騎都尉(wei)，任(ren)命(ming)耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的司(si)馬(ma)石修為洛(luo)陽市丞，張封為雍營司(si)馬(ma)，軍(jun)(jun)吏范(fan)羌(qiang)(qiang)為共縣丞，剩下九人(ren)都授(shou)予羽林(lin)之(zhi)職。耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)母親在(zai)此之(zhi)前就已去(qu)世，等耿(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)恭(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)回(hui)來，補行喪禮，漢章帝下詔派(pai)(pai)五宮(gong)中郎將(jiang)饋贈(zeng)牛和酒解除喪服。

獲罪免官

建初二年(nian)（77年(nian)），耿恭升任長水校尉。同年(nian)八月，金(jin)城和(he)(he)隴西(xi)的(de)羌(qiang)人反叛。耿恭上書談(tan)論對付羌(qiang)人的(de)策略(lve)，漢章帝召耿恭進宮詢問詳情。漢章帝于是派代理車騎將軍馬(ma)防和(he)(he)耿恭率(lv)領北軍的(de)越騎、屯騎、步兵(bing)、長水、射(she)聲(sheng)等五校兵(bing)以及各(ge)郡(jun)的(de)弓(gong)弩射(she)手，共三(san)萬人，討伐(fa)羌(qiang)人。耿恭屯守(shou)枹罕，屢次和(he)(he)羌(qiang)人交戰。

建初三(san)年（78年）秋(qiu)天（《資治(zhi)通鑒》作正月），馬防(fang)進攻(gong)羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)人燒(shao)當(dang)部(bu)落首領(ling)布橋(qiao)，布橋(qiao)大敗，率領(ling)部(bu)眾一萬(wan)余人投(tou)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。漢章帝下詔，命令馬防(fang)回朝(chao)。耿(geng)恭(gong)(gong)留(liu)下來攻(gong)打各處(chu)沒有(you)投(tou)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)人部(bu)落，斬殺、俘(fu)虜一千多人。于(yu)是，羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)人勒姐部(bu)落、燒(shao)何部(bu)落等十(shi)三(san)個部(bu)落共數萬(wan)羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)人，全部(bu)向耿(geng)恭(gong)(gong)投(tou)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。耿(geng)恭(gong)(gong)曾因上書奏事(shi)冒犯過(guo)馬防(fang)，監軍(jun)(jun)謁者便秉(bing)承馬防(fang)的意思，彈(dan)劾耿(geng)恭(gong)(gong)不留(liu)意軍(jun)(jun)事(shi)，接受詔書時(shi)心(xin)懷不滿。耿(geng)恭(gong)(gong)因此獲罪而被召(zhao)回朝(chao)廷(ting)，逮(dai)捕入獄，并罷(ba)免(mian)其(qi)官職遣送(song)原(yuan)籍，耿(geng)恭(gong)(gong)最(zui)終(zhong)老(lao)死家中。

人物評價

鄭眾：“恭之節義，古今(jin)未有。”

鮑(bao)昱：“恭節過蘇武(wu)”

范曄(ye)《后(hou)漢書》：①“慷慨多大略，有將帥才。”；②“后(hou)覽耿恭(gong)疏(shu)勒(le)之(zhi)事，喟然(ran)不覺涕之(zhi)無從(cong)。”

杜牧：“周有(you)(you)齊(qi)太(tai)公，秦有(you)(you)王翦(jian)，兩漢有(you)(you)韓信、趙(zhao)充國(guo)、耿恭、虞詡、段(duan)颎，魏有(you)(you)司馬(ma)懿(yi)，吳有(you)(you)周瑜，蜀有(you)(you)諸葛武侯，晉有(you)(you)羊祜、杜公元(yuan)凱(kai)，梁有(you)(you)韋睿，元(yuan)魏有(you)(you)崔浩，周有(you)(you)韋孝寬，隋有(you)(you)楊素(su)，國(guo)朝(chao)有(you)(you)李(li)(li)靖(jing)、李(li)(li)勣、裴行儉(jian)、郭(guo)元(yuan)振(zhen)。如此(ci)人(ren)者，當(dang)此(ci)一時(shi)，其所出計畫，皆考古(gu)校今，奇(qi)秘長遠，策先定於內，功后成於外。”

《十七史(shi)百將傳》：“孫子(zi)曰：‘兵以詐立。’恭以毒藥傅(fu)矢，而(er)謂(wei)漢家(jia)箭(jian)神。又曰：‘出其不意。’恭揚水以示虜而(er)圍解(jie)是也。”

黃道(dao)周《廣名將傳》：“恭(gong)(gong)為(wei)司馬，破(po)降(jiang)車師。初(chu)置校尉，以恭(gong)(gong)為(wei)之。示漢(han)威德，降(jiang)及昆彌。匈奴爭國(guo)，攻(gong)城甚危。毒箭射中，以為(wei)神奇(qi)。既解(jie)復(fu)至，據水絕資。笮糞解(jie)渴，死(si)亡莫辭。耿恭(gong)(gong)拜天，清泉忽滋。揚水示敵，敵方解(jie)圍(wei)。招降(jiang)不降(jiang)，殺使陳尸。怒而圍(wei)城，食盡煮皮。范(fan)姜(jiang)力救，方得迎歸。歸受(shou)一命，忤人復(fu)追。忠烈苦(ku)節，真不可(ke)為(wei)。”

其他信息

耿恭拜井

永(yong)平十(shi)八年（75年），北(bei)匈(xiong)奴在(zai)疏勒城（今新疆(jiang)昌吉(ji)回族自治州奇臺縣城南64公里處的(de)半截(jie)溝鎮(zhen)麻溝梁村）攻(gong)打耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)，并堵絕(jue)漢(han)(han)軍的(de)水(shui)源(yuan)。耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)在(zai)城中掘井(jing)十(shi)五(wu)丈，仍然(ran)沒(mei)有(you)出(chu)水(shui)。官兵(bing)焦渴困乏(fa)，甚至擠榨馬糞汁來飲用。耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)仰頭(tou)嘆(tan)息說：“聽(ting)說從(cong)前(qian)貳師將軍李廣利拔佩刀刺山，飛泉從(cong)山中噴出(chu)；如今漢(han)(han)室(shi)恩(en)德神圣，怎么可能走投無(wu)路呢？”于(yu)是(shi)整(zheng)理衣(yi)服向井(jing)拜了兩拜，替將士祈(qi)禱(dao)。過了一會兒，水(shui)柱(zhu)噴出(chu)，眾(zhong)人(ren)齊呼(hu)萬(wan)歲。耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)命人(ren)在(zai)城上潑水(shui)給北(bei)匈(xiong)奴人(ren)看。北(bei)匈(xiong)奴人(ren)感到意外，以為(wei)有(you)神明在(zai)幫助漢(han)(han)軍，于(yu)是(shi)領兵(bing)撤退。象棋的(de)“耿(geng)(geng)恭(gong)拜井(jing)”，即來源(yuan)于(yu)此(ci)。