三十六行:是舊時(shi)對各行各業(ye)的通(tong)稱,也是中(zhong)國唐代社會主要行業(ye)的統稱,反映當時(shi)社會行業(ye)的分(fen)工(gong)。
出自清·李(li)漁(yu)《玉搔頭》:“三十(shi)六行,行行相妒。”
三十六行分別指:肉肆行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、宮粉(fen)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、成衣行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、玉石行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、球寶(bao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、絲(si)綢行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、米行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、首(shou)飾行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、紙行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、海味行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、鮮魚行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、文房用具行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、茶行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、竹(zhu)木行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、酒米行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、鐵器行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、顧繡行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、針(zhen)線行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、湯店行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、藥肆行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、扎作(zuo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、仵作(zuo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、巫行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、驛傳行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、陶土行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、棺木行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、皮革行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、故(gu)舊(jiu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、醬料(liao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、柴行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。網罟行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、花(hua)紗行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、雜耍行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、彩(cai)興行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、鼓樂(le)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和花(hua)果(guo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。
三十六行行行出狀元:比喻不論干(gan)哪一行,只要熱愛本職工(gong)作,都能(neng)做出(chu)優異的成績。
在(zai)(zai)宋朝的時(shi)候,有個(ge)叫葉元(yuan)(yuan)清的人(ren)(ren)被點為狀元(yuan)(yuan),葉元(yuan)(yuan)清騎著高頭(tou)大(da)馬,得(de)意洋(yang)洋(yang)地在(zai)(zai)街上(shang)(shang)走著。來(lai)到一(yi)(yi)個(ge)路口(kou)(kou)時(shi),只見一(yi)(yi)個(ge)樵(qiao)(qiao)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)避不(bu)(bu)讓,照舊往(wang)前走,衙役們高喊讓道(dao),樵(qiao)(qiao)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)才停(ting)在(zai)(zai)路口(kou)(kou)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“新科狀元(yuan)(yuan)有什(shen)(shen)么(me)了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)起(qi)!如果我小時(shi)候能(neng)(neng)夠上(shang)(shang)學,現在(zai)(zai)也是(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)狀元(yuan)(yuan)!”葉元(yuan)(yuan)清聞(wen)言大(da)怒,喝道(dao):“山村匹夫(fu)(fu)(fu),如此不(bu)(bu)自量(liang)力!還是(shi)老老實(shi)實(shi)砍(kan)你的柴去吧(ba),樵(qiao)(qiao)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)以為然地說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“天下(xia)學問多的是(shi),就說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)砍(kan)柴吧(ba),我想怎么(me)砍(kan)就怎么(me)砍(kan),你能(neng)(neng)嗎(ma)?”狀元(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)信(xin)。椎(zhui)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)拿過(guo)一(yi)(yi)塊(kuai)方木(mu)(mu),在(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)面畫了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)條線,舉起(qi)斧頭(tou)往(wang)下(xia)一(yi)(yi)劈(pi)(pi),正巧沿線劈(pi)(pi)開了(le)(le)木(mu)(mu)頭(tou),這(zhe)(zhe)時(shi),又(you)(you)走過(guo)來(lai)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)賣(mai)油(you)翁,嚷著說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“這(zhe)(zhe)有什(shen)(shen)么(me)了(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)起(qi),如果我是(shi)樵(qiao)(qiao)夫(fu)(fu)(fu),我也能(neng)(neng)這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)!”葉元(yuan)(yuan)清一(yi)(yi)聽,就說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“好!我買(mai)你一(yi)(yi)斤九兩油(you),但得(de)用(yong)手(shou)倒(dao)。”賣(mai)油(you)翁哈哈大(da)笑(xiao),合出一(yi)(yi)個(ge)小瓶,又(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)瓶口(kou)(kou)放了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)銅板,拿起(qi)油(you)桶(tong)便倒(dao)。只見油(you)如同(tong)一(yi)(yi)根(gen)線一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)落入錢眼(yan)中,稱一(yi)(yi)稱,一(yi)(yi)點不(bu)(bu)差。狀元(yuan)(yuan)看了(le)(le)兩人(ren)(ren)的表演,嘆了(le)(le)口(kou)(kou)氣(qi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“真是(shi)三(san)十六(liu)行,行行出狀元(yuan)(yuan)啊!”
后來,人們(men)(men)又把(ba)三十六行改為三百(bai)六十行,就成了我(wo)們(men)(men)現在(zai)說的“三百(bai)六十行,行行出(chu)狀元”了。