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地域產地

土壤地貌

通山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)貌為“八(ba)山(shan)(shan)(shan)一水一分田”，大(da)致呈西南高(gao)(gao)、東低(di)的不(bu)規則(ze)狀況，平(ping)均海(hai)拔為400米—900米之(zhi)間。九(jiu)宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶區立(li)地(di)多為山(shan)(shan)(shan)區和低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵地(di)域。主要伴生(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)有馬尾松、翠柏(bo)、杉類、楓類、櫟、紅豆(dou)杉、香框、紅木、銀杏(xing)等(deng)(deng)林(lin)(lin)木以及厚樸、杜仲、黃連、百合(he)、桔梗、黃金、貝母(mu)等(deng)(deng)野生(sheng)藥(yao)用植(zhi)物(wu)，森林(lin)(lin)覆蓋(gai)率為76.8%。九(jiu)宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶種植(zhi)境內土壤(rang)(rang)為風化(hua)石砂(sha)質(zhi)(zhi)黃棕壤(rang)(rang)，土壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)力中等(deng)(deng)。土壤(rang)(rang)有機質(zhi)(zhi)平(ping)均含(han)量(liang)(liang)為5.31%，全氮含(han)量(liang)(liang)0.12%，速效磷含(han)量(liang)(liang)16—21毫(hao)克(ke)/千(qian)克(ke),速效鉀(jia)含(han)量(liang)(liang)100—130毫(hao)克(ke)/千(qian)克(ke)，土壤(rang)(rang)pH4.5—5.5之(zhi)間。這些高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)二高(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)帶生(sheng)態優良，植(zhi)被多樣，雨量(liang)(liang)充(chong)沛，溫暖(nuan)濕潤，朝夕云霧(wu)繚繞，砂(sha)頁巖母(mu)質(zhi)(zhi)發育的酸性紅黃壤(rang)(rang)，礦質(zhi)(zhi)元素(su)及速效鉀(jia)含(han)量(liang)(liang)豐富，為造就(jiu)九(jiu)宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶獨特(te)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)的優越(yue)生(sheng)態自然條件。

水文情況

富水河位于長江中(zhong)游南岸(an)，發源于通山(shan)(shan)與江西(xi)省武寧(ning)縣交界的(de)幕埠(bu)山(shan)(shan)脈八底(di)洞。由西(xi)南向東(dong)北流經通山(shan)(shan)縣，出(chu)富池口注入長江。

氣候情況

通山縣屬中亞熱帶季(ji)風溫(wen)(wen)暖濕(shi)潤氣候區，光照(zhao)充足，熱量(liang)豐富。年(nian)平均(jun)日照(zhao)時(shi)數1962.3小(xiao)時(shi)。年(nian)平均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)度為(wei)17.2°C，≥10°C的活動積溫(wen)(wen)4386.3°C，全年(nian)無(wu)霜期248天(tian)，晝夜溫(wen)(wen)差大(da)。年(nian)平均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)為(wei)1829.3毫(hao)米，年(nian)平均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)天(tian)數為(wei)161.5天(tian)，平均(jun)蒸發量(liang)為(wei)1389.6毫(hao)米，年(nian)平均(jun)相對濕(shi)度為(wei)82%。

品質特點

外在感官特征

九宮山茶(cha)因制作加(jia)工工藝(yi)不同，產品可分(fen)為扁(bian)形茶(cha)與條(tiao)形茶(cha)。扁(bian)形茶(cha)其(qi)品質外形扁(bian)平(ping)挺直，嫩綠(lv)(lv)隱毫湯色綠(lv)(lv)亮(liang)，香氣(qi)持(chi)久，滋味(wei)鮮醇(chun)回甘，葉底嫩綠(lv)(lv)明亮(liang)。條(tiao)形茶(cha)其(qi)品質條(tiao)索(suo)緊結重實，色澤(ze)油潤，栗香持(chi)久，滋味(wei)醇(chun)厚，葉底綠(lv)(lv)亮(liang)，清香四溢，耐沖(chong)泡。

生長環境

地域保護范圍

九宮山茶的生(sheng)產(chan)地為(wei)湖北省(sheng)通山縣廈鋪鎮(zhen)、闖王(wang)鎮(zhen)、九宮山鎮(zhen)、楊芳林鄉(xiang)、洪港(gang)鎮(zhen)等五個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)，地處鄂南地區幕(mu)阜山脈中段九宮山及周邊(bian)群山，地理坐標東經114?15′—114?58′，北緯29?19′—29?33′。

質量技術要求

質(zhi)量(liang)控制技術規范(fan)編號：AGI2020-01-2564

安全要求

九宮(gong)山茶產(chan)品(pin)質量(liang)安全規(gui)定(ding)按照《綠色(se)食品(pin) 茶葉》NY/T288的規(gui)定(ding)執行。

特定生產方式

1、園(yuan)(yuan)地(di)選(xuan)擇：良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)土壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境條(tiao)件和(he)肥(fei)(fei)力(li)是茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)立地(di)之(zhi)本，是茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉優(you)質高(gao)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)基礎。九宮(gong)山茶(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)地(di)一般選(xuan)擇遠離城鎮、工廠、污染源的(de)(de)(de)丘陵地(di)帶(dai)，以利(li)于(yu)防止灰(hui)塵、廢(fei)水(shui)(shui)、廢(fei)氣以及人類(lei)農(nong)事活動(dong)給茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉帶(dai)來污染。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)四周(zhou)有(you)樹(shu)林環(huan)抱的(de)(de)(de)更(geng)好(hao)，有(you)利(li)于(yu)提高(gao)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉自然品質。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)要求土壤(rang)(rang)深(shen)厚(hou)（60—80厘(li)米）肥(fei)(fei)沃，養分含(han)量豐富而且平(ping)(ping)衡，有(you)機質含(han)量較高(gao)，土壤(rang)(rang)偏酸性（pH值4.5—5.5），土體疏松，通透性良(liang)好(hao)，不(bu)積(ji)水(shui)(shui)。土壤(rang)(rang)中(zhong)砷、汞、鎘、鉻、銅(tong)等(deng)有(you)害重(zhong)金(jin)屬含(han)量必須低于(yu)國家綠色食品茶(cha)(cha)(cha)生產(chan)(chan)加工技(ji)術規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)標準。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)集中(zhong)連片，要有(you)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)模。在有(you)利(li)于(yu)保護和(he)改善茶(cha)(cha)(cha)區生態環(huan)境、維護茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)生態平(ping)(ping)衡、便于(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)灌溉和(he)機械化作業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方建立茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)最為(wei)理想。土壤(rang)(rang)環(huan)境、水(shui)(shui)質、大(da)氣質量等(deng)按照(zhao)《NY/T391綠色食品產(chan)(chan)地(di)環(huan)境質量》的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)執(zhi)行。

2、茶樹品(pin)種：主要品(pin)種為當(dang)地群(qun)體種及近(jin)年引進的鄂(e)茶系(xi)(xi)列品(pin)種，如：鄂(e)茶8、五峰212等無(wu)性系(xi)(xi)茶樹良種。

3、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)移(yi)栽：茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)移(yi)栽最佳季節的(de)選擇(ze)，應(ying)因地制宜(yi)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)選擇(ze)在春節前后(hou)，最遲(chi)不超(chao)過(guo)二月(yue)份，特別是早芽(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)。在雨水(shui)分布均勻，又(you)有(you)灌溉(gai)條件的(de)地區(qu)可選擇(ze)在10月(yue)—11月(yue)上旬移(yi)栽，因秋季移(yi)栽，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)經一(yi)(yi)個多月(yue)護理(li)后(hou)即可萌(meng)發新根(gen)(gen)(gen)，次年三(san)月(yue)初(chu)就(jiu)可以萌(meng)發新梢，比二月(yue)份移(yi)栽的(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)要多發一(yi)(yi)輪(lun)新梢。移(yi)栽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)多采用開溝或(huo)開穴(xue)(xue)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)法，開穴(xue)(xue)深寬一(yi)(yi)般(ban)為12厘米(mi)(mi)×20厘米(mi)(mi)，穴(xue)(xue)大有(you)利于根(gen)(gen)(gen)系(xi)伸展發育(yu)。移(yi)栽時(shi)，先用黃(huang)泥(ni)漿(jiang)蘸茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)根(gen)(gen)(gen)部（茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)帶(dai)土(tu)較多的(de)可不用黃(huang)泥(ni)漿(jiang)蘸根(gen)(gen)(gen)），然后(hou)分級把茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)分放在穴(xue)(xue)中，種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)根(gen)(gen)(gen)頸(jing)離(li)(li)土(tu)表距離(li)(li)3厘米(mi)(mi)左右，根(gen)(gen)(gen)系(xi)離(li)(li)底肥10厘米(mi)(mi)以上，一(yi)(yi)邊分發一(yi)(yi)邊種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)；種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)時(shi)要把茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)根(gen)(gen)(gen)系(xi)舒(shu)展開，蓋上細土(tu)，用手或(huo)用腳將土(tu)壓(ya)緊，使(shi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)根(gen)(gen)(gen)系(xi)和(he)濕(shi)土(tu)接觸良好。檢查種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)辦法是用一(yi)(yi)定的(de)氣(qi)力(li)才能將茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)拔(ba)(ba)出來(lai)而且有(you)少量(liang)土(tu)帶(dai)出地面，則茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)就(jiu)算種(zhong)(zhong)好了。如果不用氣(qi)力(li)能輕輕將茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗(miao)(miao)拔(ba)(ba)出來(lai)，則沒有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)好，應(ying)重新壓(ya)緊。種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)定要澆足(zu)定根(gen)(gen)(gen)水(shui)，然后(hou)在根(gen)(gen)(gen)部四周撒上一(yi)(yi)層細土(tu)，有(you)條件的(de)可以鋪(pu)草(cao)保濕(shi)，減少土(tu)壤水(shui)分蒸發。種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)后(hou)視天氣(qi)情(qing)況每(mei)5—7天澆水(shui)1次，確保全苗(miao)(miao)壯苗(miao)(miao)。

4、茶樹(shu)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：茶樹(shu)定(ding)(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)般分(fen)三(san)次(ci)完成(cheng)。第一(yi)次(ci)定(ding)(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)離(li)(li)地面(mian)(mian)15厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)—20厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)處剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)頂芽(ya)（茶苗移栽(zai)后進行(xing)(xing)）；第二次(ci)定(ding)(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)待茶樹(shu)長(chang)到45—50厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)時(shi)，離(li)(li)地面(mian)(mian)30—40厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)去(qu)上(shang)面(mian)(mian)枝條，并(bing)繼續留養，這時(shi)千(qian)萬不(bu)能(neng)采(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)；第三(san)次(ci)定(ding)(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)當樹(shu)高(gao)(gao)達60—70厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)以上(shang)在(zai)(zai)第2次(ci)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)口(kou)上(shang)提高(gao)(gao)15—20厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)或(huo)離(li)(li)地面(mian)(mian)45—50厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)平(ping)。茶樹(shu)經過(guo)3次(ci)定(ding)(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)后，蓬面(mian)(mian)的(de)高(gao)(gao)度(du)和(he)幅度(du)均達到一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)采(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)要(yao)求，便可(ke)逐步(bu)投入正式采(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)，要(yao)絕對防止(zhi)過(guo)早采(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)。春茶前期(qi)可(ke)多采(cai)名優(you)茶、中(zhong)期(qi)可(ke)適(shi)當提早結束，在(zai)(zai)去(qu)年的(de)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)口(kou)上(shang)再提高(gao)(gao)5—10厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)進行(xing)(xing)整形修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，把蓬面(mian)(mian)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)弧形，即(ji)可(ke)投入正常(chang)生產。輕修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)對于(yu)投產茶樹(shu)來(lai)說，也(ye)需(xu)要(yao)每年進行(xing)(xing)輕修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)深修(xiu)(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)有(you)(you)效(xiao)控(kong)制(zhi)樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)高(gao)(gao)度(du)，另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)不(bu)斷更新生產枝，提高(gao)(gao)樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)面(mian)(mian)育芽(ya)能(neng)力。同時(shi)，運用合理采(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)技術，適(shi)當留養，合理控(kong)制(zhi)樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)高(gao)(gao)幅度(du)，只(zhi)有(you)(you)這樣才能(neng)有(you)(you)助于(yu)茶樹(shu)樹(shu)冠(guan)(guan)始(shi)終(zhong)保持(chi)旺(wang)盛的(de)育芽(ya)能(neng)力，以后樹(shu)高(gao)(gao)控(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)(zai)60—80厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)之間即(ji)可(ke)。

5、土肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)管理：茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)好壞，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉產(chan)量(liang)品質(zhi)(zhi)的高(gao)(gao)(gao)低與施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)種類(lei)、數量(liang)密(mi)切相關。按照綠色(se)食品茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技術宜多施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)優、營養成分(fen)完全的有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹專用(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，這樣茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)旺盛，產(chan)量(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)、品質(zhi)(zhi)好。因此，應(ying)堅持合(he)理的科學(xue)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法，以重施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腐熟有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)（符合(he)NY5020用(yong)(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)標(biao)準）為(wei)主(zhu)，合(he)理配施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。冬施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)每(mei)畝用(yong)(yong)菜子(zi)餅(bing)（或花生(sheng)(sheng)餅(bing)）300千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，或施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)豬(zhu)糞、雞糞1000千(qian)(qian)克(ke)、有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50千(qian)(qian)克(ke)、磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，混合(he)拌(ban)勻后在(zai)(zai)樹冠垂直下方(fang)開深(shen)溝(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下蓋土，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)時間在(zai)(zai)秋茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)剛結束的10—11月(yue)份(fen)前下肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)最(zui)好。早(zao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)在(zai)(zai)雨水(shui)的作用(yong)(yong)下分(fen)解加(jia)快，春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)萌發前即可吸(xi)收利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)，有(you)(you)利(li)(li)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)量(liang)和品質(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)晚了春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)用(yong)(yong)不上，到夏(xia)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)才能利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)，不利(li)(li)春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)品質(zhi)(zhi)的提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)也一樣，一定要掌握(wo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)時期，圍繞春、夏(xia)、秋三季茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)芽(ya)萌發前20天左右施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下，2齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)年追(zhui)(zhui)純氮2.5—3.0千(qian)(qian)克(ke)/畝，3—4齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)年追(zhui)(zhui)純氮5.0—7.0千(qian)(qian)克(ke)/畝，4—5齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)年追(zhui)(zhui)純氮7.5—10千(qian)(qian)克(ke)/畝，分(fen)春、夏(xia)兩(liang)季施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入。成齡采摘茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)每(mei)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)100千(qian)(qian)克(ke)干茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)復(fu)合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)12—15千(qian)(qian)克(ke)，分(fen)3次施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入，即2月(yue)底3月(yue)初力爭早(zao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)催(cui)芽(ya)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，5月(yue)中下旬追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夏(xia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，8月(yue)上旬追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)秋肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)應(ying)開溝(gou)深(shen)10厘米，將肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下蓋土。總之，不論是冬肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，適當(dang)早(zao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)比晚施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效(xiao)果好。適當(dang)多施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，可提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)土壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力，增加(jia)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉產(chan)量(liang)，對產(chan)品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，特別是香氣、滋味的影(ying)響最(zui)明顯。

6、鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)：鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)是(shi)(shi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)栽(zai)培中(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)后(hou)一(yi)項(xiang)技(ji)術措施，也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)加工(gong)第一(yi)道工(gong)序。鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)了從茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)其幼(you)(you)嫩芽(ya)(ya)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)供加工(gong)，從而(er)(er)獲(huo)得(de)較好的(de)(de)(de)商(shang)品價值。因(yin)(yin)此，鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)好壞(huai)，不僅關系(xi)到當(dang)(dang)年的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，又關系(xi)到茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)常年生(sheng)長發育(yu)，鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)與質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)又是(shi)(shi)制茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵。九(jiu)宮山茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加工(gong)扁形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)芽(ya)(ya)一(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)初展和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)一(yi)芽(ya)(ya)一(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占98%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。加工(gong)條形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)一(yi)芽(ya)(ya)二葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占60%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，一(yi)芽(ya)(ya)三(san)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占40%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)如(ru)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)三(san)個采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)(ze)。堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)結合(he)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)(ze)，幼(you)(you)齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)技(ji)術方面(mian)，必須(xu)注意(yi)留(liu)(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)主，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)為(wei)(wei)輔(fu)，保(bao)證年生(sheng)長期內(nei)有(you)(you)一(yi)批新葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)子留(liu)(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)在樹(shu)(shu)冠上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，樹(shu)(shu)冠高幅(fu)度逐漸擴(kuo)大。堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)“五采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)五養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、量(liang)(liang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兼顧”的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)(ze)：成(cheng)齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為(wei)(wei)主，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)為(wei)(wei)標準(zhun)(zhun)，在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)技(ji)術。即“采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)面(mian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)底、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)中(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)側、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)低、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)密(mi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)稀、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)大養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)小”的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)(ze)，這種(zhong)技(ji)術由于采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)界限分(fen)(fen)明，既能保(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)樹(shu)(shu)冠上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)一(yi)定葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面(mian)積進(jin)(jin)行(xing)光合(he)作(zuo)用，為(wei)(wei)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)提(ti)供養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)，促進(jin)(jin)多(duo)(duo)(duo)發芽(ya)(ya)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)增加分(fen)(fen)枝數(shu)，擴(kuo)大樹(shu)(shu)冠采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)，從而(er)(er)達到產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)三(san)兼顧的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)(yin)此，在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)方法上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，手工(gong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)要(yao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用清潔、通風性良好的(de)(de)(de)竹簍盛裝鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)應及時(shi)運送茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)廠(chang)，防(fang)止鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)混入(ru)有(you)(you)毒有(you)(you)害物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)時(shi)要(yao)求(qiu)提(ti)手采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，不宜抓采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，要(yao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)勻、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈，不夾帶鱗片、魚葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)果與老葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)宜早采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)、嫩采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)多(duo)(duo)(duo)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高中(zhong)(zhong)檔(dang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)留(liu)(liu)魚葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為(wei)(wei)主，夏(xia)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)留(liu)(liu)一(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，秋茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)適當(dang)(dang)留(liu)(liu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)(ze)。同時(shi)，要(yao)注意(yi)及時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)沒(mei)有(you)(you)及時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)而(er)(er)留(liu)(liu)在樹(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，不僅影響(xiang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)，也(ye)(ye)給茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)生(sheng)長發育(yu)帶來較多(duo)(duo)(duo)弊端(duan)：（1）對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)沒(mei)有(you)(you)及時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)來，會(hui)抑制和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)推遲(chi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)輪新梢(shao)的(de)(de)(de)萌發，減少(shao)(shao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)批數(shu)；（2）對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)所(suo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)空(kong)間位(wei)置，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)片老化較快、生(sheng)理功能下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)降，影響(xiang)光合(he)作(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，也(ye)(ye)增加養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)耗(hao)；（3）對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)(shi)形(xing)成(cheng)開(kai)花結果的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)部位(wei)，生(sheng)殖(zhi)性能力(li)很(hen)強，又要(yao)消(xiao)耗(hao)大量(liang)(liang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)(fen)；（4）對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)形(xing)成(cheng)短小細弱的(de)(de)(de)冗枝，冗枝的(de)(de)(de)營養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)長能力(li)很(hen)低，不能形(xing)成(cheng)翌年有(you)(you)效(xiao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)枝，影響(xiang)正常芽(ya)(ya)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)生(sheng)長和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)比例下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)降。從上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)述存在問題來看，不采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)或少(shao)(shao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，不能代替留(liu)(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，也(ye)(ye)不能起到留(liu)(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。因(yin)(yin)此，在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)必須(xu)強調及時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)對(dui)(dui)夾葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)項(xiang)增產(chan)(chan)(chan)增收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)措施。另外，有(you)(you)條件時(shi)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用機采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，但(dan)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機應使(shi)用無鉛汽(qi)油(you)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)機油(you)，防(fang)止污(wu)染鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)和(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)土壤。堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)市場(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)導向、以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點、以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)效(xiao)益為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)(ze)：因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)商(shang)品，競(jing)爭性強，不但(dan)需要(yao)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)多(duo)(duo)(duo)，而(er)(er)且需要(yao)更好質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)綠色食品茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)適銷對(dui)(dui)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品，投放(fang)市場(chang)(chang)，讓消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)喝上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)干凈衛生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)“放(fang)心(xin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”，市場(chang)(chang)信(xin)譽高，銷路(lu)廣，才會(hui)獲(huo)得(de)好的(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)效(xiao)益。因(yin)(yin)此，鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)要(yao)跟著市場(chang)(chang)走，按(an)照加工(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品結構(gou)所(suo)需的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)等級標準(zhun)(zhun)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)多(duo)(duo)(duo)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高中(zhong)(zhong)檔(dang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)名優茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)其效(xiao)益最(zui)好。

7、病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害防控(kong)(kong)：從茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)整個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統出(chu)發(fa)，綜合(he)(he)運用各種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)業(ye)技術措施(shi)，創造(zao)不利于病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)等(deng)有(you)害生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)孳生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和有(you)利于各類(lei)天敵繁衍的(de)(de)環境條件(jian)，保(bao)護(hu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統的(de)(de)平衡(heng)(heng)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)多樣性，將有(you)害物(wu)(wu)(wu)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)允許的(de)(de)經濟閾值(zhi)以(yi)下，將農(nong)藥殘(can)留降低(di)到規定標準的(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)。以(yi)保(bao)證生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)符合(he)(he)國家茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)質(zhi)量指標。（1）農(nong)業(ye)防治(zhi)(zhi)。綠(lv)色食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害防治(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)以(yi)農(nong)業(ye)防治(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)主，提(ti)高茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)自(zi)身抗(kang)(kang)(kang)性，減(jian)少(shao)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與危(wei)害。選(xuan)用抗(kang)(kang)(kang)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)較強的(de)(de)良種(zhong)(zhong)，如鄂茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)8號、五峰(feng)212等(deng)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。合(he)(he)理密植(zhi)，采(cai)用雙(shuang)行雙(shuang)株(zhu)(zhu)或(huo)雙(shuang)行單株(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)方(fang)式，畝植(zhi)5000—6000株(zhu)(zhu)。適時修剪(jian)，成齡(ling)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)根(gen)據不同(tong)的(de)(de)樹(shu)勢在(zai)(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)季結(jie)束(shu)或(huo)春(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)前進(jin)行輕(qing)修剪(jian)，春(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)結(jie)束(shu)后進(jin)行重修剪(jian)，并同(tong)時剪(jian)去枯弱枝、病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)枝和徒(tu)長枝。平衡(heng)(heng)施(shi)肥(fei)，根(gen)據生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)類(lei)和土(tu)壤(rang)肥(fei)力(li)合(he)(he)理配比氮、磷、鉀三要素比例，保(bao)持茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)營養(yang)平衡(heng)(heng)，增強抗(kang)(kang)(kang)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)能(neng)力(li)。中耕除草，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)深翻除草，既能(neng)使(shi)有(you)些害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)蛹和幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)暴露(lu)于地表(biao)而死亡，又(you)能(neng)減(jian)少(shao)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)寄生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場(chang)所。分批多次采(cai)摘，此法可(ke)抵(di)制(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)小綠(lv)葉(xie)蟬、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)蚜的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，也可(ke)減(jian)少(shao)部分螨(man)類(lei)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。冬季清園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消毒(du)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)季結(jie)束(shu)，將茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)及茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)四周的(de)(de)枯枝落葉(xie)、雜(za)草蒿(hao)桿清理出(chu)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)燒毀或(huo)深埋，同(tong)時噴施(shi)45%晶體石(shi)硫合(he)(he)劑封園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，以(yi)減(jian)少(shao)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)越冬基數，減(jian)輕(qing)來(lai)年危(wei)害。（2）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)防治(zhi)(zhi)。利用天敵昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)致(zhi)病菌、農(nong)用抗(kang)(kang)(kang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素及其它(ta)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)防制(zhi)(zhi)劑等(deng)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)為(wei)害，利于保(bao)持生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態平衡(heng)(heng)。（3）普及物(wu)(wu)(wu)理防治(zhi)(zhi)。采(cai)用人工捕殺(sha)，減(jian)輕(qing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)毛(mao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)蠶、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)麗紋象甲等(deng)害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)危(wei)害；利用害蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)趨性，進(jin)行燈光誘(you)殺(sha)、色板誘(you)殺(sha)或(huo)異性誘(you)殺(sha)。

8、茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)加工(gong)：（1）扁(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)的加工(gong)技(ji)術工(gong)序(xu)(xu) 扁(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)在名優(you)茶(cha)(cha)中占(zhan)比(bi)例最大，市(shi)場容(rong)量(liang)大。扁(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)制作工(gong)藝(yi)流(liu)程為(wei)鮮葉(xie)攤(tan)放（薄(bo)攤(tan)6—10小時）→殺(sha)青(qing)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)280oC殺(sha)青(qing)3-5分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→冷(leng)卻（風(feng)機協助(zhu)冷(leng)卻）→理(li)條(tiao)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)160oC理(li)條(tiao)3—5分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→壓扁(bian)(bian)(bian)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)120oC5—8分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→煇鍋(guo)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)120oC—90o炒干）→歸堆→裝箱等8道工(gong)序(xu)(xu)。使成茶(cha)(cha)外形(xing)扁(bian)(bian)(bian)平挺直，香(xiang)高持(chi)久，滋味濃(nong)爽(shuang)。（2）條(tiao)形(xing)（炒青(qing)）茶(cha)(cha)的加工(gong)技(ji)術工(gong)序(xu)(xu) 條(tiao)形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)又叫炒青(qing)綠茶(cha)(cha)，制作工(gong)藝(yi)流(liu)程為(wei)鮮葉(xie)經攤(tan)放（薄(bo)攤(tan)6—10小時）→殺(sha)青(qing)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)380oC殺(sha)青(qing)3—5分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→冷(leng)卻（風(feng)機協助(zhu)冷(leng)卻）→揉(rou)捻（輕5分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)10分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)輕3分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重(zhong)加壓）→炒二青(qing)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)180oC5—10分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）→回潮（薄(bo)攤(tan)）→炒干（鍋(guo)溫(wen)90oC左右炒干）→歸堆裝箱等8道工(gong)序(xu)(xu)。使成茶(cha)(cha)條(tiao)索緊結，色澤油(you)潤(run)，湯色嫩綠明亮，天然(ran)香(xiang)氣持(chi)久，滋味醇厚，葉(xie)底嫩勻。

專用標志使用

經審(shen)核符(fu)合標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)條件(jian)的(de)，九(jiu)(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)登(deng)記證書持(chi)有(you)人(ren)，通山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)九(jiu)(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)協(xie)(xie)會應按照生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)年(nian)度與標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)申(shen)請人(ren)簽訂農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)協(xie)(xie)議(yi)，在協(xie)(xie)議(yi)中載明適(shi)用(yong)(yong)數量、范圍及相關法律(lv)責(ze)任(ren)和義務。協(xie)(xie)議(yi)有(you)效期為3年(nian)。農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)協(xie)(xie)議(yi)生效后，標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)人(ren)方可(ke)(ke)在九(jiu)(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或者九(jiu)(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)包裝上使(shi)用(yong)(yong)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)，并可(ke)(ke)以使(shi)用(yong)(yong)登(deng)記的(de)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)進行宣(xuan)傳(chuan)和參(can)加展(zhan)覽(lan)、展(zhan)示和展(zhan)銷活(huo)動(dong)。印(yin)刷農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)應當符(fu)合《農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)公共(gong)標(biao)識設(she)計使(shi)用(yong)(yong)規范手冊》要(yao)求(qiu)。全國可(ke)(ke)追溯防(fang)偽加貼型農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi),農業農村部(bu)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質量安(an)全中心統一(yi)(yi)設(she)計制作(zuo)，農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)人(ren)可(ke)(ke)以根據要(yao)求(qiu)選擇使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。5.3使(shi)用(yong)(yong)權的(de)撤(che)(che)銷獲準使(shi)用(yong)(yong)九(jiu)(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)的(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)者或經營(ying)者，存在下列(lie)情況之一(yi)(yi)的(de)，由登(deng)記證書持(chi)有(you)人(ren)通山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)九(jiu)(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)協(xie)(xie)會，撤(che)(che)銷其標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)權，并報送相關部(bu)門備案。

1、標志使用人未嚴格按(an)照九宮山(shan)茶質量控(kong)制技術規(gui)范(fan)進行生產的。

2、生產區域(yu)超(chao)出九(jiu)宮(gong)山茶(cha)登記(ji)保護范圍(wei)的。

3、買賣、轉讓、加貼標志的。

4、有證據證明生(sheng)產經(jing)營(ying)的茶產品品質(zhi)不符合質(zhi)量控制技(ji)術(shu)規范(fan)要求(qiu)的品質(zhi)特征和安(an)全標準的。

5、未按照規定要求建立九宮山茶標(biao)志使用制度及產品可追溯檔(dang)案(an)，標(biao)志使用檔(dang)案(an)，拒絕接受(shou)相關部門監督檢查的(de)。

6、未經許可，標(biao)志(zhi)使用(yong)人擅自在其他產品上擴(kuo)大使用(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)或超過協議期限使用(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)的。

生產情況

2019年，九宮山(shan)茶產地種植規模1200公頃(qing)。

榮譽認證

2011年，通山(shan)(shan)縣九宮山(shan)(shan)有機茶(cha)基地所(suo)屬商標(biao)“九宮山(shan)(shan)”牌(pai)有機茶(cha)獲(huo)湖北(bei)省著名商標(biao)稱號。

2013年(nian)，九(jiu)宮山(shan)茶葉(xie)生(sheng)產(chan)專業合(he)作社(she)“九(jiu)宮山(shan)”品牌茶葉(xie)獲2013年(nian)度全國供銷(xiao)合(he)作社(she)“百佳標準(zhun)化農(nong)產(chan)品品牌”稱(cheng)號。

2019年1月(yue)17日，中華(hua)人民共和國(guo)農(nong)業農(nong)村部批(pi)準對“九(jiu)宮(gong)山茶”實施國(guo)家農(nong)產品地理標志登記保護。

歷史起源

九(jiu)宮(gong)山種植茶葉歷史悠久，晉代(dai)(dai)有“入武(wu)昌(chang)山采(cai)茗”的記(ji)載，咸寧屬武(wu)昌(chang)郡，唯九(jiu)宮(gong)山是(shi)大山，“武(wu)昌(chang)山”當指九(jiu)宮(gong)山一代(dai)(dai)，1958年(nian)和(he)1980年(nian)兩(liang)次在(zai)這里(li)發現古原生茶樹后裔。

九(jiu)宮(gong)山茶根植(zhi)于九(jiu)宮(gong)山的道教文(wen)化，宋代山上(shang)便有“茶寮觀”，《九(jiu)宮(gong)山志》載：“稚三峰高地，有茶一頃”。

咸寧(ning)赤(chi)壁(bi)是中(zhong)國(guo)綠茶(cha)的(de)(de)故鄉，茶(cha)葉的(de)(de)栽培(pei)與加工，在(zai)赤(chi)壁(bi)有(you)著悠久(jiu)的(de)(de)歷史。全(quan)市有(you)千畝以上茶(cha)場(chang)4個，其中(zhong)就(jiu)有(you)通山闖王的(de)(de)虎(hu)頭(tou)山茶(cha)場(chang)。

2016年，九宮山茶葉生產專業合(he)作(zuo)社成(cheng)功與清華大學海(hai)峽關(guan)系學院簽約成(cheng)為全(quan)國首家產學研(yan)一(yi)體的示范基地。