氣(qi)(qi)候情(qing)況:產區為亞熱(re)帶(dai)季風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候區,冬無(wu)嚴寒,夏無(wu)酷暑,降水豐沛,屬典(dian)型的中亞熱(re)帶(dai)季風(feng)(feng)性曖濕氣(qi)(qi)候。年平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為16.1℃,1月平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為4.7℃,7月平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為26.7℃,無(wu)霜(shuang)期281天,日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)較(jiao)長,積溫(wen)較(jiao)高,年平(ping)均(jun)日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時數1287小時,適宜的氣(qi)(qi)候十分有利(li)于天柱騾(luo)鴨(ya)的放養。
水(shui)文(wen)情況:天(tian)柱縣(xian)內河(he)流(liu)(liu)屬(shu)長(chang)江(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域中(zhong)(zhong)的沅江(jiang)水(shui)系,全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)大小河(he)流(liu)(liu)共有(you)6406條,河(he)流(liu)(liu)主(zhu)(zhu)干長(chang)10km以上(shang)、流(liu)(liu)域面積(ji)大于20km2的有(you)21條,總(zong)(zong)流(liu)(liu)域面積(ji)1782km2,占全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)總(zong)(zong)面積(ji)的80.52%。其中(zhong)(zhong)較大的有(you)鑒江(jiang)河(he)、汶溪河(he)、瓦窯江(jiang),過(guo)境主(zhu)(zhu)干流(liu)(liu)有(you)清水(shui)江(jiang)和(he)六(liu)洞河(he),全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)主(zhu)(zhu)要河(he)流(liu)(liu)主(zhu)(zhu)干總(zong)(zong)長(chang)601km。清水(shui)江(jiang)自錦屏縣(xian)茅(mao)坪鎮的楊(yang)渡溪楊(yang)流(liu)(liu)角進入(ru)天(tian)柱縣(xian)境,境內全(quan)(quan)長(chang)77km,流(liu)(liu)域內盛(sheng)產魚蝦螺(luo)和(he)多種昆(kun)蟲等(deng)動物性飼(si)料(liao),為天(tian)柱騾鴨提供了豐(feng)富(fu)的飼(si)料(liao)來源。
土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情況(kuang):天柱(zhu)縣地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)云貴高(gao)(gao)原東(dong)部(bu)(bu)向湘西丘(qiu)(qiu)陵過渡的(de)斜坡(po)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai),地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)復雜,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌以低山丘(qiu)(qiu)陵河谷(gu)盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)主,山地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵占總面積的(de)97%,大部(bu)(bu)分地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區海(hai)拔多為(wei)400~800米。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)西高(gao)(gao)東(dong)低,由西北、西南向東(dong)北傾斜。土(tu)(tu)壤多為(wei)中(zhong)厚層的(de)紅壤、黃(huang)紅壤、黃(huang)壤為(wei)主,三類(lei)占總面積的(de)90%以上(shang)(shang),土(tu)(tu)壤深厚,深80厘米以上(shang)(shang),土(tu)(tu)壤肥沃,土(tu)(tu)壤pH值為(wei)5.0至7.0,屬(shu)于弱酸性偏(pian)向中(zhong)性,保(bao)水保(bao)肥力強,通氣性能(neng)好,有機質含(han)量(liang)高(gao)(gao),速效鉀(jia)高(gao)(gao)達150PPM。同(tong)時,土(tu)(tu)壤亦含(han)有較高(gao)(gao)礦物質元素,富含(han)鋅、鐵、鉀(jia)、磷、鈣、鎂等多種微量(liang)元素。
天柱騾鴨(ya)農產品地(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)域保護(hu)范圍包括:貴州省天柱縣所轄鳳(feng)城(cheng)街(jie)道(dao)、社學街(jie)道(dao)、邦洞街(jie)道(dao)及藍田(tian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、甕(weng)洞鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、渡馬(ma)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、白市鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、江東(dong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、遠口鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、竹林鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、坌處鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、高釀鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、石(shi)(shi)洞鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、坪地(di)(di)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)及注溪鄉(xiang)、地(di)(di)湖鄉(xiang)共16個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)315個行政(zheng)村(cun)。保護(hu)范圍:東(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)江東(dong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)大塘村(cun)、南至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)(shi)洞鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)沖敏村(cun)、北至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坪地(di)(di)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)云洞村(cun)、西至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)(shi)洞鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)水洞村(cun)。地(di)(di)理坐標:東(dong)經108°55′—109°36′,北緯26°42′—27°10′。區域面積:養殖(zhi)規模430萬羽,產量(liang)1.075萬噸,產值21500萬元。
外在感(gan)官特(te)征:天柱(zhu)騾鴨(ya)是(shi)以天柱(zhu)黑(hei)番(fan)鴨(ya)作父本(ben),本(ben)地麻鴨(ya)作母本(ben)進行雜交生產(chan)的雜交一代商品肉用(yong)鴨(ya),無繁殖能力,體型中(zhong)等。羽毛多為(wei)黑(hei)色(se)或(huo)麻花色(se),羽毛光亮(liang),體軀呈橄欖狀(zhuang),鴨(ya)體緊湊,頸部較短,蹼為(wei)黃(huang)色(se)。胴體皮膚微黃(huang),皮薄,皮下脂肪少,肉呈淺紅色(se),切(qie)面有光澤,富(fu)有彈性(xing);湯(tang)汁(zhi)清澈,有清香味(wei);肉味(wei)鮮美,肉質緊實,有嚼勁。
內在品質指標:天柱騾鴨主(zhu)要營(ying)養成分:蛋白(bai)質≥18.0g/100g,脂肪≤18.0g/100g,揮發性鹽(yan)基氮(dan)≤15.0mg/100g。
質(zhi)量安(an)全(quan)要求(qiu):符合GB16869鮮(xian)、凍(dong)(dong)禽產品(pin)及GB2707食(shi)品(pin)安(an)全(quan)國家標(biao)準鮮(xian)(凍(dong)(dong))畜、禽產品(pin)質(zhi)量要求(qiu)。