紫云縣境內有優質(zhi)紅薯生長(chang)的自(zi)然環境。縣內河流密布,土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)類(lei)型(xing)多(duo)(duo)(duo)砂質(zhi)型(xing)的紅壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)與黃壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu),富含磷(lin)、鉀、硅、鐵(tie)等微量(liang)(liang)元素。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)PH值多(duo)(duo)(duo)在(zai)(zai)5.0-7.0之間,這(zhe)正是優質(zhi)紅芯薯生長(chang)需(xu)要的土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)環境。全境廣(guang)泛分(fen)(fen)(fen)布頁巖(yan)(yan),這(zhe)種頁巖(yan)(yan)易于風(feng)化(hua)(hua),尤其是泥質(zhi)頁巖(yan)(yan),群眾稱為“風(feng)化(hua)(hua)巖(yan)(yan)”,物理分(fen)(fen)(fen)化(hua)(hua)迅速,風(feng)化(hua)(hua)物富含磷(lin)、鉀、硅、鐵(tie)。特別是鉀,其他(ta)微量(liang)(liang)元素含量(liang)(liang)也(ye)高(gao),因而(er)礦物質(zhi)養分(fen)(fen)(fen)較(jiao)(jiao)為齊全。自(zi)然肥(fei)力較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao),土(tu)(tu)(tu)層中(zhong)多(duo)(duo)(duo)含半風(feng)化(hua)(hua)母(mu)巖(yan)(yan)碎屑,土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)泡松,通氣透水,供(gong)肥(fei)性能良(liang)好(hao),微酸(suan)(suan)至酸(suan)(suan)性反應(ying)。這(zhe)種土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)適(shi)宜紅薯的生長(chang),故歷來有“紅薯半年糧"的俗稱。砂巖(yan)(yan)及(ji)母(mu)質(zhi)風(feng)化(hua)(hua)物中(zhong)質(zhi)地較(jiao)(jiao)細,養分(fen)(fen)(fen)含量(liang)(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)的顆粒(li)多(duo)(duo)(duo)被搬(ban)運(yun)堆(dui)積(ji)在(zai)(zai)坡臺地,形成(cheng)的耕地土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)以黃壤(rang)(rang)(rang)黃棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為主。這(zhe)類(lei)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質(zhi)地適(shi)中(zhong),疏松通氣。水、肥(fei)、氣、熱協調(diao)。有機質(zhi)及(ji)磷(lin)、鉀含量(liang)(liang)豐富。養分(fen)(fen)(fen)轉化(hua)(hua)迅速,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)供(gong)肥(fei)性好(hao)。
紫云(yun)縣(xian)(xian)境內境內著名的(de)(de)“北盤江(jiang)低(di)(di)熱(re)(re)河谷(gu)氣(qi)候(hou)”提供紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)和(he)紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)粉絲加工的(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)環境,降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)充沛,有(you)利(li)于(yu)紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)快速生(sheng)長(chang)(chang),植(zhi)物(wu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)高,方便于(yu)優質紅(hong)(hong)芯(xin)薯(shu)(shu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。紫云(yun)縣(xian)(xian)地(di)處黔中腹地(di)丘陵過(guo)渡的(de)(de)斜坡地(di)帶,縣(xian)(xian)境內多(duo)河谷(gu)平壩和(he)山問(wen)谷(gu)地(di),常(chang)成(cheng)為冷暖氣(qi)團回旋儲積之地(di),故形成(cheng)特(te)有(you)的(de)(de)貴(gui)州高原“壩子氣(qi)候(hou)”,該(gai)氣(qi)候(hou)有(you)以下特(te)點:首先是(shi)(shi)冬夏(xia)季(ji)節長(chang)(chang),溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差大(da)(da),冬季(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)涼,夏(xia)季(ji)炎熱(re)(re)。冬季(ji)從小雪(xue)至驚蟄,約(yue)l00天(tian),最(zui)(zui)(zui)冷月(yue)(1月(yue))平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)3—5℃。夏(xia)季(ji)從立夏(xia)至秋分,約(yue)145天(tian),是(shi)(shi)四季(ji)中最(zui)(zui)(zui)長(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)一(yi)季(ji),最(zui)(zui)(zui)熱(re)(re)月(yue)(7月(yue))平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)27—28℃。其次是(shi)(shi)云(yun)霧多(duo),日照(zhao)少,日照(zhao)率低(di)(di),但(dan)較集(ji)中。最(zui)(zui)(zui)后是(shi)(shi)雨日多(duo),雨量大(da)(da),降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)集(ji)中,濕熱(re)(re)同季(ji)。連續降(jiang)(jiang)雨日數一(yi)般(ban)3—5天(tian)。春夏(xia)之交可達26天(tian)之久,年均(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)量一(yi)般(ban)1300毫米左右(you)。結合紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)條件(jian)分析:塊根萌(meng)(meng)芽與(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)關(guan)系,萌(meng)(meng)芽最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)16~18℃,適宜(yi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)28~32℃,超過(guo)35℃萌(meng)(meng)芽受(shou)抑制(zhi)。蔓葉生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)與(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)關(guan)系,最(zui)(zui)(zui)適溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)21~26℃,低(di)(di)于(yu)15℃生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)停止,高于(yu)38℃生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)受(shou)抑制(zhi)。根生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)與(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)關(guan)系,不(bu)定根的(de)(de)發生(sheng)要(yao)求地(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)15℃以上,在(zai)15~30℃的(de)(de)范圍內,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)高發根越(yue)(yue)快。塊根形成(cheng)的(de)(de)適宜(yi)地(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)21~29℃,低(di)(di)于(yu)20℃或高于(yu)32℃均(jun)不(bu)利(li)塊根形成(cheng);塊根膨(peng)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)適宜(yi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為22~23℃,膨(peng)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為16~18℃。良好(hao)的(de)(de)氣(qi)候(hou)條件(jian)形成(cheng)了紅(hong)(hong)芯(xin)紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)優良品質。
紫云縣所轄(xia)五峰街道、松山街道、貓(mao)營鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、板當鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、壩羊鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、格凸河鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、四(si)大(da)寨鄉、宗地鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、猴場鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)營鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、白石巖(yan)鄉共2個街道、7個鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、2個鄉、147個行政(zheng)村。保(bao)護范圍東至板當鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)尅混(hun)村,南(nan)至大(da)營鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)打哇坪村,西至白石巖(yan)鄉新馳村,北至貓(mao)營鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)黃(huang)土村。地理坐標:東經105°55′~106°29′,北緯25°21′~26°03′。保(bao)護規模:面積2000公頃,產量2.4萬噸,產值14400萬元。
外在感官特征:呈(cheng)(cheng)長紡錘形,單個重50~200g,表皮光(guang)滑、呈(cheng)(cheng)淡黃色(se)(se),肉質(zhi)淡粉色(se)(se),色(se)(se)澤鮮亮;鮮食質(zhi)脆味甜,蒸熟后通體晶瑩,薯(shu)肉淡黃色(se)(se),細(xi)膩綿(mian)軟,甘(gan)甜具(ju)板(ban)栗(li)香味。
內在品質:淀(dian)粉≥19.0%、粗纖維≤1.5%、還原糖(以葡萄糖計)≥1.0%。
安全要求(qiu):紫云紅芯紅薯質(zhi)量安全須符(fu)合《中華人民共(gong)和(he)國農產品質(zhi)量安全法(fa)》等相(xiang)關法(fa)律法(fa)規要求(qiu),以及符(fu)合國家有關強(qiang)制性(xing)技(ji)術規范要求(qiu)。