南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)解放(fang)(fang)廣場(chang)和(he)南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)解放(fang)(fang)紀念(nian)碑(bei)位于(yu)中國歷史文化(hua)名(ming)城南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市白(bai)河游(you)覽區,是南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)一處(chu)重(zhong)要的(de)愛(ai)國主義和(he)革(ge)命傳統教育基(ji)地。南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)解放(fang)(fang)廣場(chang)北(bei)有獨山作屏障,南(nan)(nan)與碧波(bo)蕩(dang)漾的(de)南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)白(bai)河人工湖相呼(hu)應,構(gou)成了北(bei)向持重(zhong)、南(nan)(nan)向開闊的(de)城市空(kong)間。南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)解放(fang)(fang)紀念(nian)碑(bei)居(ju)廣場(chang)之中,傲然挺(ting)立,莊嚴巍峨,以無聲(sheng)的(de)語言,述說(shuo)著南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)解放(fang)(fang)那波(bo)瀾(lan)壯闊的(de)歷史。
南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)解(jie)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei)由碑(bei)(bei)身、碑(bei)(bei)腳(jiao)、碑(bei)(bei)座三(san)部分組成(cheng)。紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei)托腳(jiao)及(ji)腳(jiao)身平面(mian)均為六(liu)邊形圖(tu)(tu)案,為具(ju)有(you)民(min)(min)族風格和(he)地方色(se)彩的紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)塔碑(bei)(bei)的傳統造型,同(tong)時取六(liu)合(上(shang)、下、東(dong)(dong)、西(xi)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)、北(bei),泛指天下世(shi)界)之意(yi)(yi)。碑(bei)(bei)身外(wai)飾白(bai)色(se)花崗巖,高63.09米,3、6、9表示吉利、祥(xiang)和(he)。碑(bei)(bei)座高4.8米,寓(yu)示南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)1948年解(jie)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。碑(bei)(bei)座呈五角(jiao)星(xing)圖(tu)(tu)案,寓(yu)意(yi)(yi)豐富:象(xiang)征(zheng)紅色(se)政權(quan)的建立(li)和(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)人(ren)民(min)(min)當家作主(zhu);象(xiang)征(zheng)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)解(jie)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)50周(zhou)年;象(xiang)征(zheng)在解(jie)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)的歷(li)史進(jin)程中(zhong)(zhong),進(jin)行過桐柏戰役(yi)、伏牛山東(dong)(dong)麓戰役(yi)、鄧縣戰役(yi)、宛西(xi)戰役(yi)、宛東(dong)(dong)戰役(yi)五個(ge)大(da)的戰役(yi);從(cong)空(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)俯瞰紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei),五角(jiao)星(xing)碑(bei)(bei)身與(yu)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)射(she)形花壇(tan)及(ji)圍邊踏步有(you)機地組成(cheng)一個(ge)以五角(jiao)星(xing)為基本圖(tu)(tu)形的勛章圖(tu)(tu)案,代表著歷(li)史的嘉獎(jiang),懸掛在南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)人(ren)民(min)(min)的胸前,象(xiang)征(zheng)著南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)解(jie)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)對中(zhong)(zhong)原決戰的重大(da)影響和(he)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央、毛主(zhu)席對南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)重要戰略地位(wei)的重視。碑(bei)(bei)身下部正(zheng)面(mian)前鐫刻原國家主(zhu)席李(li)先念(nian)(nian)(nian)題寫(xie)的“南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)解(jie)放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei)”7個(ge)金色(se)大(da)字,北(bei)側(ce)面(mian)刻有(you)毛澤(ze)東(dong)(dong)撰寫(xie)的《中(zhong)(zhong)原我軍占領南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)》的電文,東(dong)(dong)西(xi)兩側(ce)是(shi)由漢(han)白(bai)玉(yu)雕(diao)(diao)刻的浮雕(diao)(diao)畫面(mian),分為革命狂飚、救亡歲月、勝利凱歌、輝(hui)(hui)煌明天四個(ge)主(zhu)題,展(zhan)現了南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)近百年的輝(hui)(hui)煌歷(li)史。
解放(fang)(fang)南陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)進行曲首先(xian)從三軍會師(shi)桐柏(bo)(bo)(bo)響起。抗戰(zhan)勝利(li)后,歷史進入全國解放(fang)(fang)戰(zhan)爭時期。就(jiu)在這時,在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原解放(fang)(fang)區(qu)占有重(zhong)要戰(zhan)略地(di)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)桐柏(bo)(bo)(bo)山區(qu),驟然間(jian)成為國共(gong)兩黨共(gong)同關注的(de)(de)(de)(de)焦點(dian)。蔣介(jie)石調集重(zhong)兵,包(bao)圍(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原解放(fang)(fang)區(qu)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)和毛澤東洞(dong)燭其(qi)奸(jian),不斷向虎踞(ju)在鄂豫邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)新四軍五師(shi)發(fa)出“對付(fu)將來的(de)(de)(de)(de)內戰(zhan)危險”的(de)(de)(de)(de)指示(shi)。1945年10月(yue)1日,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)再次指示(shi)五師(shi):“在桐柏(bo)(bo)(bo)山站穩腳,這對堅持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原斗爭是重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de),對其(qi)它解放(fang)(fang)區(qu)也(ye)是有幫助的(de)(de)(de)(de)。”據此,五師(shi)決定進行自衛(wei)反(fan)擊,發(fa)起桐柏(bo)(bo)(bo)戰(zhan)役,計劃戰(zhan)役的(de)(de)(de)(de)第一階段,首先(xian)奪取桐柏(bo)(bo)(bo)縣城。
1945年10月20日,五(wu)師野戰(zhan)(zhan)縱隊(dui)在桐(tong)柏(bo)(bo)縣(xian)武裝總(zong)隊(dui)的配(pei)合下(xia)(xia),一舉解放(fang)(fang)桐(tong)柏(bo)(bo)縣(xian)城(cheng),全殲國(guo)(guo)民黨豫鄂挺進(jin)軍(jun)第七游(you)擊縱隊(dui)500余(yu)人(ren)。桐(tong)柏(bo)(bo)縣(xian)城(cheng)解放(fang)(fang)后,兩萬多群眾集會(hui),歡(huan)慶人(ren)民軍(jun)隊(dui)的勝利。隨(sui)之,成立了(le)中共桐(tong)柏(bo)(bo)縣(xian)委(wei)、縣(xian)愛國(guo)(guo)民主政(zheng)府。五(wu)師司令(ling)部在李先念(nian)的率領下(xia)(xia),由湖(hu)北隨(sui)縣(xian)草店移至桐(tong)柏(bo)(bo)縣(xian)城(cheng)南葉家大莊(zhuang)。21日,野戰(zhan)(zhan)縱隊(dui)第十(shi)三旅乘勝前進(jin),攻克固縣(xian)、平(ping)氏兩個(ge)重鎮。桐(tong)柏(bo)(bo)戰(zhan)(zhan)役(yi)首戰(zhan)(zhan)告捷,給(gei)意欲發動內戰(zhan)(zhan)的國(guo)(guo)民黨軍(jun)隊(dui)以(yi)迎頭痛擊。
與此同時,中(zhong)共中(zhong)央、毛主席為了加(jia)強中(zhong)原地區的武裝力(li)量,命令八路軍三五(wu)九旅(lv)南(nan)(nan)下(xia)支(zhi)隊(dui)自粵(yue)北返(fan)與五(wu)師會(hui)合,河南(nan)(nan)軍區部隊(dui)南(nan)(nan)下(xia)向五(wu)師靠攏,冀(ji)魯豫(yu)軍區水東八團南(nan)(nan)下(xia)加(jia)入(ru)五(wu)師建制。
1945年(nian)10月24日,三(san)支勁旅6萬(wan)雄(xiong)師在桐(tong)柏(bo)勝(sheng)利會師。當(dang)天,在桐(tong)柏(bo)縣城召(zhao)開的(de)慶祝大(da)會上,李(li)先念(nian)、王(wang)樹聲、王(wang)首(shou)道(dao)分別代表三(san)路(lu)大(da)軍(jun)講話(hua),共勉今后的(de)征程(cheng)。翌日,根據中共中央(yang)指示,中共中央(yang)中原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)局、中原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)軍(jun)區和(he)中原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行署在葉家大(da)莊這個名(ming)不(bu)見經傳的(de)地(di)方莊嚴宣告成(cheng)立,鄭位三(san)代理書(shu)記兼軍(jun)區政治(zhi)委員(yuan),李(li)先念(nian)任(ren)軍(jun)區司(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan),王(wang)樹聲任(ren)副(fu)(fu)司(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan),王(wang)震任(ren)副(fu)(fu)司(si)令(ling)(ling)員(yuan)兼參謀長,王(wang)首(shou)道(dao)任(ren)副(fu)(fu)政治(zhi)委員(yuan)兼政治(zhi)部主任(ren),許子(zi)威任(ren)中原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)行署主任(ren)。10月28日,會師后的(de)第二縱隊(dui)十(shi)三(san)旅、十(shi)五(wu)旅攻克棗陽縣城,殲敵500余人,取得了桐(tong)柏(bo)戰(zhan)役的(de)又一勝(sheng)利。10月31日,中共中央(yang)致電中原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)局,嘉勉中原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)部隊(dui)會師和(he)解放桐(tong)柏(bo)、棗陽等地(di)的(de)勝(sheng)利。
為了(le)(le)擴大桐柏戰役的戰果,粉(fen)碎國(guo)民黨軍(jun)隊在(zai)桐柏地區(qu)的進攻(gong)(gong),1945年(nian)11月(yue)2日,中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)第(di)二縱(zong)隊十四旅(lv)兩個團(tuan)奔襲新(xin)野(ye)(ye)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城,當夜攻(gong)(gong)入城內,隨即成立了(le)(le)新(xin)野(ye)(ye)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)愛(ai)國(guo)民主政府。11月(yue)5日,中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)第(di)一縱(zong)隊解(jie)放唐(tang)河(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)南(nan)部的湖陽(yang)鎮,并在(zai)此建立了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)共唐(tang)河(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)工(gong)作委員會和縣(xian)(xian)(xian)愛(ai)國(guo)民主政府。6日,中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區(qu)第(di)二縱(zong)隊一舉殲滅唐(tang)河(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城守敵,解(jie)放了(le)(le)唐(tang)河(he)(he)(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城。至此,在(zai)不到20天的時間內,中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)我(wo)軍(jun)相繼解(jie)放了(le)(le)南(nan)陽(yang)境(jing)內的桐柏、新(xin)野(ye)(ye)、唐(tang)河(he)(he)(he)3縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。但(dan)是,由于中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)部隊的處境(jing)極為艱難,再加上新(xin)的作戰任務,相繼撤離(li)以上3個縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城。
三(san)軍(jun)會(hui)師及會(hui)師后的(de)(de)軍(jun)事(shi)勝利,使蔣介石(shi)極為恐慌,急調6個(ge)軍(jun)的(de)(de)兵(bing)力,合圍(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)不畏強敵,靈活機動(dong),相(xiang)繼取得了(le)湖陽、祁儀(yi)等戰(zhan)(zhan)斗的(de)(de)勝利,粉碎了(le)國民黨(dang)軍(jun)的(de)(de)合圍(wei)。1945年12月(yue)下旬,在敵眾我(wo)寡的(de)(de)情況下,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區根據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央指示,主動(dong)撤離(li)桐柏山區,集結于宣化店(dian)一帶。1946年6月(yue)26日,蔣介石(shi)的(de)(de)30萬重兵(bing)向中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)軍(jun)區部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)發起進攻。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)我(wo)軍(jun)根據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央預先批準的(de)(de)計劃,出其不意地分路(lu)突圍(wei)。突圍(wei)部隊(dui)(dui)(dui)在途經南陽的(de)(de)20余天(tian)里,秋(qiu)毫(hao)無(wu)犯,宣傳革(ge)(ge)命道理,撒播革(ge)(ge)命火種(zhong)。同時,南陽地下黨(dang)組織(zhi)和人(ren)民群(qun)眾,冒(mao)著(zhu)殺頭的(de)(de)危險給突圍(wei)將士送情報、當(dang)向導,千方(fang)百計掩護掉隊(dui)(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)干(gan)部戰(zhan)(zhan)士,無(wu)微不至地養護傷病員,體現出深厚(hou)、濃烈(lie)的(de)(de)魚水情誼。
在三軍會師桐(tong)柏的過(guo)程中,桐(tong)柏、新野(ye)、唐河3縣雖然(ran)只是暫時獲(huo)得了解放(fang),大軍離去后(hou)很快(kuai)又被國民黨反動勢力所占據,但它畢(bi)竟奏響了解放(fang)南陽全(quan)境的序曲。
1947年(nian),劉(liu)鄧(deng)、陳謝兩(liang)路大軍挺(ting)進南陽,是解放南陽全(quan)境進行曲之(zhi)(zhi)主旋律之(zhi)(zhi)一。
1947年6月(yue)30日(ri)(ri)夜(ye),劉鄧大軍12萬人,一舉突破黃河(he)天險,千里躍進(jin)大別(bie)山。8月(yue)22日(ri)(ri),陳(chen)謝(xie)兵團(tuan)(tuan)為策應劉鄧,強渡黃河(he),挺進(jin)豫西。l0月(yue)29日(ri)(ri),陳(chen)謝(xie)兵團(tuan)(tuan)前委決定發起伏牛山東麓戰役(yi)。11月(yue)4日(ri)(ri),解放南(nan)召縣(xian)城(cheng)(今云陽鎮);5日(ri)(ri),解放方城(cheng)縣(xian)城(cheng)。戰役(yi)的展開(kai),震驚了蔣介石和(he)國(guo)民黨軍事當(dang)局(ju),遂急令李(li)鐵(tie)軍率(lv)第(di)(di)五(wu)兵團(tuan)(tuan)的整編第(di)(di)三(san)師、第(di)(di)二(er)十師等部7個旅,火速追趕陳(chen)謝(xie)主(zhu)力(li)。李(li)鐵(tie)軍和(he)陳(chen)賡是(shi)黃埔同學(xue),曾稱陳(chen)賡為大哥。此次受命,仰仗著(zhu)美(mei)械裝備,李(li)鐵(tie)軍氣壯如牛,揚言要(yao)與“黃埔一期的陳(chen)同窗(chuang)”一決雌(ci)雄。對此,陳(chen)賡將軍在著(zhu)名的南(nan)召店(dian)會議上力(li)主(zhu)作出了“豫西牽牛”的方略。
會后,四(si)縱十(shi)三(san)旅和(he)九(jiu)縱二十(shi)五旅佯裝主力(li),誘敵西向宛西,而陳(chen)謝主力(li)則(ze)繼續(xu)在伏牛山東麓(lu)的方(fang)(fang)城(cheng)(cheng)、葉縣(xian)、舞陽一帶隱蔽展(zhan)開。展(zhan)開部隊在穿插迂(yu)回中,忽東忽西,機動(dong)靈活,于11月11日、26日兩(liang)次(ci)解放方(fang)(fang)城(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),并于11月21日再次(ci)猛(meng)攻南召縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),殲(jian)敵300余人,第二次(ci)解放南召縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),給竄回這(zhe)兩(liang)個縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)的敵軍(jun)及地(di)方(fang)(fang)反動(dong)武裝以有力(li)的打擊。
更(geng)為(wei)精彩的(de)是(shi),執行“牽(qian)(qian)牛(niu)”任務的(de)十三旅(lv)為(wei)了“激將”成功,于11月(yue)17日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)夜炮(pao)擊鎮(zhen)平縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),至天明解放(fang)(fang)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),俘敵(di)1000余人(ren)。二十五旅(lv)也(ye)同時占(zhan)領(ling)石(shi)佛寺鎮(zhen)。19日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)夜,“牽(qian)(qian)牛(niu)”部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)以更(geng)猛烈的(de)炮(pao)火(huo)攻打內(nei)鄉縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。李鐵(tie)(tie)軍(jun)督師(shi)急迫,趕到赤眉(mei)鎮(zhen)魚貫口(kou)時,又遭到“牽(qian)(qian)牛(niu)”部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)的(de)痛擊。李鐵(tie)(tie)軍(jun)惱羞成怒,拚命往伏(fu)牛(niu)山追趕。“牽(qian)(qian)牛(niu)”部(bu)(bu)隊(dui)則經夏(xia)館進(jin)(jin)至二郎坪,并(bing)于12月(yue)8日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)包圍了西峽口(kou)。及(ji)至平漢線(xian)破擊戰的(de)消息(xi)傳來,李鐵(tie)(tie)軍(jun)大夢(meng)初醒,急忙掉(diao)頭(tou)東進(jin)(jin)。在平漢線(xian)破擊戰之前(qian),陳(chen)賡已將“牽(qian)(qian)牛(niu)”東進(jin)(jin)的(de)任務交給了第(di)十一(yi)旅(lv)。十一(yi)旅(lv)經方城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、唐河、泌(mi)陽(yang),向桐(tong)柏(bo)進(jin)(jin)發,誘敵(di)跟進(jin)(jin)。十一(yi)旅(lv)于11月(yue)18日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)解放(fang)(fang)泌(mi)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),20日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)解放(fang)(fang)唐河縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),28日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)解放(fang)(fang)桐(tong)柏(bo)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(我軍(jun)主動撤(che)離后,這些縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又被敵(di)軍(jun)占(zhan)領(ling))。這樣,李鐵(tie)(tie)軍(jun)部(bu)(bu)被十一(yi)旅(lv)在前(qian)面牽(qian)(qian)著,十三旅(lv)在后面趕著,一(yi)步一(yi)步地進(jin)(jin)入陳(chen)謝、陳(chen)粟兩路(lu)大軍(jun)在遂平、西平之間設下的(de)屠場(chang),落(luo)得個全(quan)軍(jun)覆(fu)沒(mei)的(de)下場(chang)。
前方(fang)(fang)激戰方(fang)(fang)酣,后方(fang)(fang)的(de)黨政軍(jun)(jun)建設亦正緊鑼密鼓(gu)地進(jin)行。1947年11月8日,中共豫(yu)陜(shan)(shan)鄂(e)后方(fang)(fang)工作委(wei)(wei)(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)在南(nan)召(zhao)店(dian)成立(li)(li);19日,豫(yu)陜(shan)(shan)鄂(e)行政主(zhu)任公(gong)署和(he)(he)后方(fang)(fang)司令(ling)部在魯山(shan)同時成立(li)(li)。到11月底,7個地委(wei)(wei)(wei)、專署、軍(jun)(jun)分(fen)(fen)區成立(li)(li)。其中,第六(liu)(liu)、七(qi)地委(wei)(wei)(wei)、專署和(he)(he)軍(jun)(jun)分(fen)(fen)區分(fen)(fen)別在南(nan)召(zhao)縣(xian)李青店(dian)和(he)(he)方(fang)(fang)城縣(xian)太尉廟成立(li)(li)。六(liu)(liu)地委(wei)(wei)(wei)、專署、軍(jun)(jun)分(fen)(fen)區先后成立(li)(li)和(he)(he)領(ling)導(dao)南(nan)召(zhao)、南(nan)陽(yang)(北)、白(bai)(bai)河(he)、鎮平、內鄉、西峽、淅川、南(nan)陽(yang)市等縣(xian)市的(de)黨政軍(jun)(jun)機構;七(qi)地委(wei)(wei)(wei)、專署、軍(jun)(jun)分(fen)(fen)區成立(li)(li)和(he)(he)領(ling)導(dao)方(fang)(fang)城、南(nan)陽(yang)(東)、魯(山(shan))南(nan)、泌陽(yang)(北)、白(bai)(bai)河(he)辦事處(chu)等縣(xian)的(de)黨政軍(jun)(jun)機構。特別值得提(ti)出的(de)是,中共豫(yu)西南(nan)工委(wei)(wei)(wei)這一南(nan)陽(yang)最后一屆地下黨組(zu)織的(de)地下黨員(yuan)們(men),為豫(yu)陜(shan)(shan)鄂(e)六(liu)(liu)、七(qi)地委(wei)(wei)(wei)、專署、軍(jun)(jun)分(fen)(fen)區的(de)各項(xiang)建設做出了(le)功不可沒的(de)貢獻。
當陳謝大軍導(dao)演(yan)的伏牛凱歌尚(shang)未落下(xia)帷暮,巍巍桐柏(bo)山又張開(kai)雙臂迎接另一支遠道(dao)而來的雄師——劉鄧(deng)大軍第十縱隊。
12月9日,為(wei)挫敗敵人對大(da)別山的(de)(de)圍攻,擴大(da)解放區(qu)(qu)(qu),實施戰略再展(zhan)開(kai)(kai),劉伯承、鄧(deng)(deng)小平命(ming)令(ling)剛剛到達大(da)別山的(de)(de)十縱西越平漢鐵(tie)路,到桐(tong)柏(bo)區(qu)(qu)(qu)開(kai)(kai)辟根據地。十縱和隨軍(jun)南(nan)(nan)下干部發(fa)揚連續(xu)作戰的(de)(de)革命(ming)精神,兵分(fen)兩路,連夜向(xiang)桐(tong)柏(bo)區(qu)(qu)(qu)躍進。經(jing)過血戰,十縱以犧牲(sheng)和失散千余人的(de)(de)代價,突破重圍,勝利進入桐(tong)柏(bo)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。12月13日,在漿溪店會議上,桐(tong)柏(bo)區(qu)(qu)(qu)黨委、行署(shu)(shu)、軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)宣告成立,同(tong)時宣布成立一、二(er)、三地委、專署(shu)(shu)和軍(jun)分(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu),屬南(nan)(nan)陽地區(qu)(qu)(qu)轄(xia)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)桐(tong)柏(bo)、唐(tang)河、唐(tang)南(nan)(nan)、唐(tang)西、信桐(tong)、新(xin)野、鄧(deng)(deng)縣、鄧(deng)(deng)西、鄧(deng)(deng)北、南(nan)(nan)陽(南(nan)(nan))等縣分(fen)歸(gui)一、二(er)、三地委、專署(shu)(shu)、軍(jun)分(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)管轄(xia)和領導。漿溪店會議后(hou),各軍(jun)分(fen)區(qu)(qu)(qu)部隊(dui)神速分(fen)兵,分(fen)別向(xiang)指定地點(dian)進發(fa)。同(tong)進,桐(tong)柏(bo)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)首(shou)長(chang)為(wei)了(le)乘敵不備(bei),首(shou)戰制勝,以振奮人心,滅敵威(wei)風,給開(kai)(kai)辟桐(tong)柏(bo)區(qu)(qu)(qu)創造一個良好的(de)(de)開(kai)(kai)端(duan),命(ming)令(ling)軍(jun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)野戰部隊(dui)第二(er)十八旅(lv)遠程奔(ben)襲桐(tong)柏(bo)縣城(cheng)。
12月15日(ri)(ri),二十(shi)(shi)八(ba)旅八(ba)十(shi)(shi)四團向桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)守敵(di)發(fa)起(qi)總(zong)攻(gong)。經過一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)多小時激戰(zhan)(zhan),殲敵(di)800余人(ren),解放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),成立縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)愛國民主政(zheng)府。16日(ri)(ri),桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)區(qu)黨委(wei)、行署、軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)機關(guan)進(jin)駐桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)平(ping)氏鎮。在(zai)(zai)解放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)勝(sheng)利(li)(li)(li)鼓舞(wu)下,各軍(jun)(jun)分區(qu)部隊(dui)士氣高(gao)昂,進(jin)軍(jun)(jun)神速。附近數縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之敵(di),聞風(feng)而逃。20日(ri)(ri),二十(shi)(shi)八(ba)旅進(jin)攻(gong)唐河縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),守敵(di)魏香(xiang)亭部倉皇逃竄,縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)獲得(de)(de)解放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。21日(ri)(ri),三(san)軍(jun)(jun)分區(qu)部隊(dui)從(cong)棗(zao)陽(yang)出發(fa),急(ji)行軍(jun)(jun)150華里,奔襲(xi)新野(ye),守敵(di)聞風(feng)即逃,縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)獲得(de)(de)解放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。至此,從(cong)12月15日(ri)(ri)到21日(ri)(ri),7天(tian)之內,桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)部隊(dui)先后(hou)攻(gong)克桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)、棗(zao)陽(yang)、泌(mi)陽(yang)、唐河、新野(ye)5座縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),取得(de)(de)了“走7天(tian)打(da)(da)5”的(de)輝煌(huang)勝(sheng)利(li)(li)(li),中共(gong)(gong)(gong)中央致(zhi)電劉鄧(deng):慶祝十(shi)(shi)縱在(zai)(zai)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)之勝(sheng)利(li)(li)(li)。“走7天(tian)打(da)(da)5縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),沒見鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)真(zhen)搗蛋。”這(zhe)是當時我桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)部隊(dui)對攻(gong)打(da)(da)鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)艱(jian)巨(ju)(ju)性(xing)的(de)形(xing)容。的(de)確,拿(na)下鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)反動堡壘,決(jue)非(fei)易事(shi)。從(cong)工事(shi)上看,鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)有(you)內、外(wai)兩(liang)城(cheng)(cheng),且有(you)護河環繞;從(cong)兵力(li)上看,守敵(di)多達(da)11個(ge)(ge)團和1個(ge)(ge)直屬大(da)(da)隊(dui),共(gong)(gong)(gong)1.3萬人(ren),整個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)防由反共(gong)(gong)(gong)老(lao)手、在(zai)(zai)北京大(da)(da)學受過高(gao)等教育的(de)丁叔恒(外(wai)號丁大(da)(da)牙)統一(yi)(yi)指揮。這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)反動堡壘的(de)存(cun)在(zai)(zai),對開(kai)辟桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)區(qu)危害甚大(da)(da)。因此,盡管(guan)任務(wu)艱(jian)巨(ju)(ju),桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)軍(jun)(jun)區(qu)決(jue)心摧毀(hui)之,決(jue)定發(fa)起(qi)鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)戰(zhan)(zhan)役,由二十(shi)(shi)八(ba)旅和三(san)軍(jun)(jun)分區(qu)之八(ba)十(shi)(shi)五、八(ba)十(shi)(shi)六團執行這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)任務(wu)。廣大(da)(da)指戰(zhan)(zhan)員不畏強敵(di),在(zai)(zai)炸掉護城(cheng)(cheng)河水(shui)閘之后(hou),勇往直前(qian),猛(meng)打(da)(da)猛(meng)拼,先后(hou)攻(gong)克外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)和內城(cheng)(cheng),殲敵(di)6900余人(ren),解放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)了鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)。毛澤東聞訊后(hou),親自致(zhi)電祝賀。鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)戰(zhan)(zhan)役的(de)勝(sheng)利(li)(li)(li),不僅使(shi)宛西(xi)的(de)反動政(zheng)權和地方反動武裝受到毀(hui)滅性(xing)的(de)打(da)(da)擊,而且為(wei)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步建設和發(fa)展(zhan)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)柏(bo)(bo)(bo)解放(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)區(qu)創造了極為(wei)有(you)利(li)(li)(li)的(de)條件。
解(jie)放南(nan)陽(yang)進(jin)行(xing)曲(qu)之(zhi)主旋律之(zhi)二,是宛西、宛東(dong)兩大戰役威武雄壯地在南(nan)陽(yang)這塊熱土上(shang)進(jin)行(xing)。
豫(yu)陜鄂(e)和桐(tong)柏解(jie)放(fang)區(qu)的開辟、擴大(da)(da)(da),使蔣介石大(da)(da)(da)為(wei)震驚,急令王凌云在南陽建立第(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)三(san)綏(sui)靖(jing)區(qu)。1948年1月(yue)22日,王凌云率整編第(di)(di)九師到(dao)達南陽;26日,成立第(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)三(san)綏(sui)靖(jing)區(qu),和信陽的第(di)(di)五綏(sui)靖(jing)區(qu)、襄陽的第(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)五綏(sui)靖(jing)區(qu)形成椅角之勢,與中(zhong)(zhong)原解(jie)放(fang)軍(jun)爭奪(duo)豫(yu)陜鄂(e)和桐(tong)柑的廣大(da)(da)(da)地區(qu)。因此,解(jie)放(fang)軍(jun)的困難(nan)增(zeng)加。對此,中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)軍(jun)委認為(wei):要改變這種局面,必須集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)兵力(li)(li)打較大(da)(da)(da)規模(mo)的殲(jian)滅戰,大(da)(da)(da)量(liang)殲(jian)滅敵(di)人(ren)的有生力(li)(li)量(liang)。于是(shi)命令劉(liu)鄧率主(zhu)力(li)(li)跳出大(da)(da)(da)別山,與陳謝、陳(士榘(ju))唐(亮)兩兵團密切配合,尋機(ji)殲(jian)敵(di)。4月(yue)初,劉(liu)鄧根據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)軍(jun)委指示,率主(zhu)力(li)(li)轉移至豫(yu)西的方城、葉縣、寶(bao)豐一(yi)帶,運籌中(zhong)(zhong)原決戰。
4月16日,中(zhong)央(yang)軍委指(zhi)示劉鄧“新行動方向是豫西(xi)(xi)(xi)南、鄂西(xi)(xi)(xi)、鄂西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)及整個(ge)漢水流(liu)域”,并特(te)別指(zhi)出“早日向西(xi)(xi)(xi)南”,“首先奪取(qu)宛(wan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)四縣,然后出漢水”。
據此,解放宛西四(si)縣(鄧縣、鎮平、內鄉、淅川)的宛西戰(zhan)(zhan)役很快(kuai)由劉鄧作出部署,決(jue)定(ding)由陳賡統一指揮(hui)四(si)縱(zong)5個旅(lv)、二縱(zong)、十縱(zong)和桐柏軍區主力,實施(shi)作戰(zhan)(zhan)。4月(yue)21日,陳賡移駐南召,指揮(hui)作戰(zhan)(zhan)。
各參(can)戰(zhan)部(bu)隊,迅(xun)速進(jin)入指定位置。5月(yue)(yue)4日,四(si)縱(zong)(zong)十(shi)一旅(lv)根據中共(gong)鎮(zhen)平(ping)縣(xian)委(wei)提供的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)防情報(bao)(bao),向(xiang)鎮(zhen)平(ping)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)發起攻擊(ji),打得守(shou)敵毫(hao)無招架之力,敵500余(yu)人(ren)被(bei)(bei)殲(jian),殘(can)部(bu)倉皇逃竄。5日,鎮(zhen)平(ping)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)獲(huo)(huo)得解(jie)(jie)放。解(jie)(jie)放內鄉縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)任務是由四(si)縱(zong)(zong)十(shi)旅(lv)和(he)二(er)十(shi)二(er)旅(lv)執行的(de)。5月(yue)(yue)3日夜,向(xiang)內鄉縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)發起總(zong)(zong)攻,深(shen)受中共(gong)內鄉地下組織統戰(zhan)影響(xiang)的(de)民團團長(chang)崔功甫(fu)火(huo)線起義,余(yu)敵慌(huang)不(bu)擇路(lu),被(bei)(bei)俘500余(yu)人(ren)。4日內鄉縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)宣告解(jie)(jie)放。西峽口(kou)重鎮(zhen)是內鄉民團司令部(bu)所在(zai)地,擔負攻擊(ji)任務的(de)四(si)縱(zong)(zong)十(shi)三旅(lv)和(he)三十(shi)八軍十(shi)七師于5月(yue)(yue)3日對(dui)守(shou)敵形成合圍后,進(jin)行坑(keng)道(dao)作業。當十(shi)七師副政委(wei)秋(qiu)宏(hong)進(jin)入城(cheng)(cheng)東北(bei)角高(gao)地勘察時(shi),不(bu)幸觸雷(lei),壯烈犧牲。血沃西峽口(kou)的(de)秋(qiu)宏(hong),是整個解(jie)(jie)放戰(zhan)爭(zheng)時(shi)期在(zai)南(nan)陽(yang)地區這塊(kuai)熱土上失去的(de)一位職務最高(gao)的(de)將(jiang)領。攻城(cheng)(cheng)指戰(zhan)員義憤填膺,紛紛要求(qiu)擔任突擊(ji)隊員,為秋(qiu)宏(hong)報(bao)(bao)仇(chou)!6日,守(shou)敵見總(zong)(zong)攻在(zai)即,早已嚇破了膽,紛紛潰(kui)逃。我(wo)軍跟蹤(zong)追擊(ji),殲(jian)敵1100余(yu)人(ren),西峽縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)獲(huo)(huo)得解(jie)(jie)放。同(tong)日,四(si)縱(zong)(zong)十(shi)二(er)旅(lv)和(he)上關獨立團攻入浙川(chuan)(chuan)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),殲(jian)敵3000余(yu)人(ren),解(jie)(jie)放了漸川(chuan)(chuan)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)。
鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)第一次被(bei)解放(fang)后,為避免國(guo)民(min)黨飛機的(de)狂轟濫炸,給老百姓帶來沉(chen)重災(zai)難(nan),我(wo)軍(jun)主(zhu)動撤(che)離縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),而鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)、內鄉(xiang)、新野(ye)三(san)縣(xian)(xian)民(min)團殘部和王(wang)凌云之(zhi)整編(bian)第九(jiu)師七十(shi)(shi)六旅二(er)(er)(er)二(er)(er)(er)六團又卷土重來,盤踞該(gai)城(cheng)(cheng),守(shou)敵(di)兵力(li)(li)達5個(ge)團6000余人。擔負攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)擊(ji)(ji)鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)任務的(de)桐(tong)柏(bo)軍(jun)區二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)旅和三(san)軍(jun)分(fen)區之(zhi)八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)五、八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)六團,在(zai)二(er)(er)(er)縱、十(shi)(shi)縱強大兵力(li)(li)的(de)保障下,于5月2日(ri)(ri)包圍了鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)。3日(ri)(ri)晨發(fa)起(qi)總攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),經(jing)過兩(liang)小(xiao)時激(ji)戰(zhan)(zhan),攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)克外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)。但在(zai)攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)擊(ji)(ji)內城(cheng)(cheng)時,攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)部隊沖鋒受挫。9日(ri)(ri),在(zai)華野(ye)十(shi)(shi)縱二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)師炮兵部隊的(de)援(yuan)助下,英(ying)勇無(wu)畏(wei)的(de)廣大指戰(zhan)(zhan)員,躍(yue)上城(cheng)(cheng)頭,沖入(ru)城(cheng)(cheng)內,同守(shou)敵(di)展開(kai)殊死搏斗(dou),終(zhong)于全(quan)殲內城(cheng)(cheng)守(shou)敵(di),鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)再(zai)次獲得解放(fang)。為第二(er)(er)(er)次解放(fang)鄧(deng)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng),攻(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)城(cheng)(cheng)部隊700多名(ming)指戰(zhan)(zhan)員英(ying)勇犧牲,終(zhong)于取得了殲敵(di)4000余人的(de)輝煌(huang)勝(sheng)利(li)。
至此,國民黨宛西(xi)地方(fang)民團(tuan)武裝基本被殲滅,“別廷(ting)芳、薛炳靈經營十余年的(de)團(tuan)隊垮臺(tai)”,豫陜鄂(e)和桐柏解(jie)放區連成一(yi)片,宛西(xi)人民進(jin)入(ru)翻(fan)身得解(jie)放的(de)新時代。
宜將(jiang)剩勇追(zhui)窮寇。宛西戰(zhan)役剛剛結束(shu)的(de)第7天,劉伯(bo)承、鄧小平、陳(chen)毅又下達了(le)宛東(dong)戰(zhan)役的(de)命令(ling)。6月1日,中野(ye)二縱(zong)、華野(ye)十縱(zong)和(he)桐柏軍區(qu)部隊將(jiang)張軫兵(bing)團的(de)五十八師(shi)師(shi)部及一八三旅包(bao)圍于(yu)宛東(dong)馬劉營一帶(dai)。參(can)戰(zhan)部隊在杜高莊(zhuang)、劉高莊(zhuang)、連莊(zhuang)一線與敵(di)血戰(zhan)數日,殲敵(di)5000余人(ren)。
同時,華野(ye)二(er)縱(zong)、八縱(zong)和中野(ye)九(jiu)縱(zong)在(zai)漯(luo)河(he)地區重創(chuang)敵十八軍。整個(ge)戰(zhan)役,以殲敵1.2萬余人的(de)戰(zhan)果宣告結束。
宛西、宛東戰役的(de)勝(sheng)利,加快了解放(fang)區的(de)迅速擴(kuo)大和(he)后方根(gen)據(ju)地的(de)進一步鞏固(gu),并為南陽(yang)城的(de)最后解放(fang)奠定了堅定基礎。
解(jie)(jie)放(fang)南(nan)(nan)陽進行曲的昂揚尾(wei)聲,是中(zhong)原(yuan)我軍解(jie)(jie)放(fang)南(nan)(nan)陽宛(wan)西(xi)、宛(wan)東戰役后,整個南(nan)(nan)陽地區除(chu)南(nan)(nan)陽城外(wai),已全部被中(zhong)原(yuan)解(jie)(jie)放(fang)軍解(jie)(jie)放(fang)。
南陽城,是(shi)(shi)豫(yu)西南政(zheng)治、經濟、文化的中心,戰略(lve)地(di)位十(shi)分重(zhong)要。因此,解放(fang)(fang)(fang)南陽城,無論從政(zheng)治上還是(shi)(shi)從軍事上看都有極(ji)為重(zhong)要的意義。攻克(ke)這一堡壘,不僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)實現南陽全境解放(fang)(fang)(fang)的標(biao)志,也是(shi)(shi)把桐(tong)柏、豫(yu)西、陜南解放(fang)(fang)(fang)區(qu)(1948年6月(yue),豫(yu)陜鄂解放(fang)(fang)(fang)區(qu)分為豫(yu)西、陜南兩個解放(fang)(fang)(fang)區(qu))連成(cheng)整體(ti)、實現中原決戰的標(biao)志。
盤踞宛城,處于四面楚歌的(de)王(wang)(wang)(wang)凌(ling)云(yun)部(bu),雖然由(you)一個師(shi)擴(kuo)充為(wei)兩個軍,但一連串的(de)失(shi)敗使其(qi)惶(huang)惶(huang)不(bu)可終日(ri)。1948年(nian)11月2日(ri),執行誘敵(di)西進任務的(de)六(liu)(liu)縱在(zai)豫(yu)西第(di)六(liu)(liu)軍分區(qu)(qu)三十(shi)九(jiu)團(tuan)(tuan)的(de)配合下,向(xiang)南陽(yang)城外圍(wei)之(zhi)敵(di)發起(qi)攻擊,給王(wang)(wang)(wang)凌(ling)云(yun)部(bu)以重大(da)殺傷。3日(ri)中午,正值戰(zhan)斗(dou)激烈之(zhi)際,六(liu)(liu)縱接到(dao)中原軍區(qu)(qu)命令:“不(bu)管王(wang)(wang)(wang)凌(ling)云(yun),即追黃(huang)維兵(bing)團(tuan)(tuan)。”于是(shi),六(liu)(liu)縱為(wei)了整體利益,支援即將進行的(de)淮海戰(zhan)役(yi),遂放棄攻擊南陽(yang)城,繼續東進。六(liu)(liu)軍分區(qu)(qu)三十(shi)九(jiu)團(tuan)(tuan)在(zai)掩(yan)護(hu)六(liu)(liu)縱安全(quan)撤離后,有計劃地(di)撤至磨山(shan)一帶,監視南陽(yang)之(zhi)敵(di)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)凌(ling)云(yun)部(bu),由(you)此僥幸逃過旬日(ri)即被殲滅的(de)命運,3日(ri)下午,白崇禧電令王(wang)(wang)(wang)凌(ling)云(yun)部(bu)突圍(wei)。
4日下(xia)午(wu),王凌(ling)云(yun)部在對(dui)南(nan)陽(yang)(yang)城(cheng)進行大(da)肆洗(xi)劫、瘋狂破(po)壞(huai)之(zhi)后(hou),將南(nan)陽(yang)(yang)城(cheng)內13所學校的(de)3000多名師生及l萬(wan)多名工人、店(dian)員、市民擄掠出城(cheng),沿白河南(nan)岸南(nan)下(xia),以三(san)四十華(hua)里寬的(de)行軍路(lu)線,向新野(ye)、襄陽(yang)(yang)方向狼狽逃竄。國民黨(dang)第十三(san)綏靖區,從此結(jie)束了它盤踞南(nan)陽(yang)(yang)城(cheng)達(da)10個月之(zhi)久的(de)血腥歷(li)史。
王凌(ling)云(yun)率部南逃之后,六(liu)軍分區(qu)三十九團迅速占領南陽城,并上報(bao)軍分區(qu)司(si)令部,軍分區(qu)司(si)令部又迅速電告(gao)中共中央(yang)、毛主席。
4日(ri)晚,一向重視、矚目南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)重要戰(zhan)略地(di)(di)位的毛(mao)澤東(dong)聞知這一消息后(hou),欣然命筆,揮毫(hao)撰寫《中原我(wo)軍占領南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)》這一罕見杰作(zuo),報(bao)道中原戰(zhan)局的最新進展。文章話古論今,指點江山,顯露(lu)出(chu)一代偉(wei)人的宏大氣魄(po)和博學(xue)才(cai)識。“我(wo)們在所有江淮河漢區域,不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)是樹木(mu),而且(qie)是森林了。不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)生了根,而且(qie)枝葉茂盛了。”毛(mao)澤東(dong)那激揚文字,形象地(di)(di)闡述了解放(fang)(fang)南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)的重大意義(yi)。的確,南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)城的解放(fang)(fang),不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)標志著南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)全境的解放(fang)(fang),而且(qie)使南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)由中原的主要戰(zhan)場變(bian)為人民解放(fang)(fang)軍渡江南(nan)(nan)(nan)下、解放(fang)(fang)全中國的重要后(hou)方和戰(zhan)略基地(di)(di)。
為解放南陽(yang)(yang)(yang),近萬名英烈拋灑熱血(xue),長眠于宛(wan)屬大地(di)。同(tong)時,南陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)民(min)(min)為支(zhi)援人(ren)民(min)(min)解放軍(jun)解放南陽(yang)(yang)(yang)勒緊褲帶,鼎力相援。他(ta)們出(chu)動地(di)方人(ren)民(min)(min)武裝,配合正規(gui)軍(jun)作(zuo)戰;作(zuo)們出(chu)動民(min)(min)工(gong)和(he)牛車(che)、馬車(che),組成運輸(shu)隊(dui)、擔(dan)架隊(dui),運送軍(jun)需物(wu)資和(he)傷員;他(ta)們以“就是夜里不喝(he)湯,也(ye)要支(zhi)援子弟兵”的(de)(de)摯情(qing),把自(zi)己不多的(de)(de)糧(liang)食、油料、柴草、肉類、雞蛋送給(gei)前(qian)(qian)方戰士(shi)。總之,南陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)民(min)(min)傾其所有的(de)(de)人(ren)力、物(wu)力、財力,支(zhi)援前(qian)(qian)線,為南陽(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)全(quan)境解放做出(chu)了功不可沒的(de)(de)貢獻。
1998年(nian)11月4日,是南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)解放50周年(nian)紀念日,,中共南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)委和市(shi)人民政府為緬懷(huai)先(xian)烈的不朽精神,弘揚革命傳統,紀念南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)解放50周年(nian),報請(qing)中共中央辦公廳、國(guo)務院(yuan)辦公廳批準,建(jian)立南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)解放廣場(chang)和南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)解放紀念碑。經過建(jian)設者們(men)的辛勤努力,工(gong)程(cheng)如期完(wan)成,并于11月4日舉(ju)行了隆重的紀念碑揭(jie)碑儀式。