元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)曾避(bi)難入猗(yi)玗洞,因號猗(yi)玗子(zi)(zi)。洛(luo)陽(今河南洛(luo)陽)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。天寶(bao)(bao)十二載中(zhong)進士。安(an)史之(zhi)亂時(shi)(shi)(shi)避(bi)難江南。曾參與(yu)(yu)抗(kang)擊史思明(ming)叛軍,立(li)有(you)戰功(gong)。后任(ren)道州(zhou)刺(ci)史等(deng)地方軍政(zheng)職務(wu)。他(ta)為官(guan)清廉開(kai)明(ming),愛護(hu)百姓,元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)對(dui)社(she)會(hui)進行(xing)(xing)了無情的(de)(de)批判(pan),為詩(shi)注重反映政(zheng)治(zhi)現實和(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民疾苦,所作《舂陵行(xing)(xing)》、《賊退示(shi)官(guan)吏》等(deng),曾受杜甫推崇。散文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亦(yi)多(duo)涉及時(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng),風格古(gu)(gu)樸。時(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)曾批評(ping)(ping)其(qi)作品“不(bu)師(shi)孔氏“,加(jia)以非(fei)難。原(yuan)有(you)集(ji),已(yi)散佚,明(ming)人(ren)(ren)(ren)輯有(you)《元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)次(ci)山文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)集(ji)》。又曾編選《篋中(zhong)集(ji)》行(xing)(xing)世。元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)主張詩(shi)歌為政(zheng)治(zhi)教化(hua)服務(wu),要“極帝王理亂之(zhi)道,系(xi)古(gu)(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)規(gui)(gui)(gui)諷(feng)之(zhi)流”;能濟世勸俗(su),補闕(que)拾遺,“上(shang)(shang)(shang)感(gan)于(yu)(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang),下化(hua)于(yu)(yu)下”;反對(dui)當時(shi)(shi)(shi)詩(shi)壇“拘限聲病,喜尚形(xing)似”(《篋中(zhong)集(ji)序(xu)》)的(de)(de)不(bu)良風氣(qi),開(kai)新樂府運動(dong)之(zhi)先聲。他(ta)的(de)(de)詩(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)具有(you)強烈(lie)的(de)(de)批判(pan)現實性,觸及天寶(bao)(bao)中(zhong)期日(ri)益尖(jian)銳的(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)矛盾(dun)。如(ru)《舂陵行(xing)(xing)》、《賊退示(shi)官(guan)吏》,揭示(shi)了人(ren)(ren)(ren)民的(de)(de)饑寒交迫和(he)皇家的(de)(de)征斂無度(du),變本加(jia)厲。《閔(min)荒詩(shi)》、《系(xi)樂府十二首》等(deng)也(ye)是或規(gui)(gui)(gui)諷(feng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng),或揭露時(shi)(shi)(shi)弊。結(jie)幾乎不(bu)寫(xie)近體(ti)。除(chu)少數四(si)言、騷體(ti)與(yu)(yu)七(qi)古(gu)(gu)、七(qi)絕外(wai),主要是五言古(gu)(gu)風,質樸淳厚,筆力遒勁,頗具特(te)(te)色。但因過分(fen)否定聲律詞采,詩(shi)作有(you)時(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)免過于(yu)(yu)質直,也(ye)導(dao)致他(ta)創作上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)局限性。元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)的(de)(de)散文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),不(bu)同流俗(su),特(te)(te)別是其(qi)雜文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)體(ti)散文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),值得重視(shi)。如(ru)《寱論》、《丐(gai)論》、《處(chu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)》、《出(chu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)》、《惡圓(yuan)》、《惡曲》、《時(shi)(shi)(shi)化(hua)》、《世化(hua)》、《自述》、《訂古(gu)(gu)》、《七(qi)不(bu)如(ru)》等(deng)篇(pian),都出(chu)于(yu)(yu)憤世嫉(ji)俗(su)、憂道憫(min)人(ren)(ren)(ren),具有(you)揭露人(ren)(ren)(ren)間偽(wei)詐,鞭撻黑(hei)暗現實的(de)(de)功(gong)能。其(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章大抵短小精(jing)悍,筆鋒犀利,繪形(xing)圖像,逼真生(sheng)動(dong),發人(ren)(ren)(ren)深(shen)省。其(qi)他(ta)散文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)如(ru)書、論、序(xu)、表(biao)、狀之(zhi)類(lei),均刻(ke)(ke)意求(qiu)古(gu)(gu),意氣(qi)超拔,和(he)當時(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)風不(bu)同。《大唐(tang)中(zhong)興頌》文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)體(ti)上(shang)(shang)(shang)采用三句一韻的(de)(de)手(shou)法,類(lei)似秦石刻(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)體(ti)制,風格雄偉剛峻。后人(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)結(jie)評(ping)(ping)價很高,唐(tang)代裴敬把(ba)他(ta)與(yu)(yu)陳子(zi)(zi)昂、蘇(su)源明(ming)、蕭(xiao)穎士、韓(han)愈并(bing)提。又有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)把(ba)他(ta)看(kan)作韓(han)柳古(gu)(gu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)運動(dong)的(de)(de)先驅(qu)。
約(yue)生(sheng)于唐玄宗開(kai)元八年(719)年,約(yue)卒(zu)于代(dai)宗大歷七年,壽約(yue)五十余歲。少不羈。年十七,乃折節向學,事元德(de)秀。舉進士,蘇源明(ming)稱(cheng)與肅宗。時史思明(ming)攻河陽(yang),結上時議三篇。帝悅,擢右金吾兵曹參軍,攝監察御史。以(yi)討賊(zei)功,遷監察御史。又進水部員外郎,佐荊(jing)南節度使呂諲拒賊(zei)。代(dai)宗時,以(yi)親老歸樊上,著書自娛。始(shi)號(hao)琦圩子(zi),繼(ji)稱(cheng)浪(lang)士,亦稱(cheng)漫郎。既(ji)客(ke)樊上,更稱(cheng)贅叟。晚拜道州刺史,免徭役,收流(liu)亡。進授容管經略使,身諭蠻豪(hao),綏(sui)定諸州,民樂(le)其教(jiao),立碑頌德(de)。罷(ba)還京師,卒(zu)。
結著有元子十(shi)卷,文(wen)編十(shi)卷,《新(xin)唐書(shu)藝文(wen)志》琦圩子一卷,《文(wen)獻(xian)通考》并傳(chuan)于世(shi)。
原有(you)著(zhu)作多部,均佚。現存(cun)的集(ji)子常(chang)見者(zhe)有(you)明郭勛(xun)刻本《唐元(yuan)次(ci)(ci)山(shan)文(wen)集(ji)》、明陳繼(ji)儒鑒定本《唐元(yuan)次(ci)(ci)山(shan)文(wen)集(ji)》、淮南(nan)黃氏刊本《元(yuan)次(ci)(ci)山(shan)集(ji)》。今(jin)人孫望校點有(you)《元(yuan)次(ci)(ci)山(shan)集(ji)》。元(yuan)結(jie)所編詩選《篋中(zhong)集(ji)》尚存(cun)。