慕(mu)容姓《三(san)(san)國(guo)志·鮮卑(bei)傳(chuan)》中(zhong)提(ti)到,漢(han)桓帝時,鮮卑(bei)分為中(zhong)、東、西三(san)(san)部(bu),中(zhong)部(bu)大夫(fu)柯最闕,居慕(mu)容寺。歷史上的(de)鮮卑(bei)族在(zai)今內蒙(meng)西拉木倫河與(yu)洮(tao)兒河之間。慕(mu)容氏的(de)發源地和老家便在(zai)這里。
源(yuan)于鮮(xian)卑(bei)族(zu),出自漢朝時期(qi)鮮(xian)卑(bei)中(zhong)部(bu)大人慕(mu)容,屬于以官職(zhi)稱(cheng)謂漢化(hua)為(wei)氏。傳說(shuo),在(zai)東(dong)漢桓帝執(zhi)政時期(qi),鮮(xian)卑(bei)民(min)族(zu)分為(wei)中(zhong)、東(dong)、西(xi)三(san)部(bu),其中(zhong)部(bu)首領(ling)大人叫柯最(zui)闕(que),居慕(mu)容寺(si),后因以為(wei)姓氏,稱(cheng)慕(mu)容氏。
出(chu)自(zi)秦漢(han)時期(qi)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族慕(mu)容(rong),屬于(yu)以部(bu)落(luo)首領名(ming)號(hao)稱謂(wei)為(wei)氏(shi)。據史籍《通志·氏(shi)族略》記載,慕(mu)容(rong)氏(shi)出(chu)自(zi)中古時期(qi),世代居于(yu)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)地區,秦、漢(han)之(zhi)際(ji)被(bei)(bei)稱作“東(dong)(dong)北(bei)夷(yi)”。這個“東(dong)(dong)北(bei)夷(yi)”是(shi)古代東(dong)(dong)胡(hu)(hu)民族中的一個分支(zhi),在(zai)(zai)漢(han)高祖劉邦(bang)元(yuan)年(nian)(公元(yuan)前206年(nian))秦、漢(han)之(zhi)際(ji),東(dong)(dong)胡(hu)(hu)被(bei)(bei)匈奴擊散,之(zhi)后該支(zhi)族人遷徙棲息于(yu)以鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)山為(wei)核心的一帶(dai)地區,即今內蒙自(zi)治區的西拉木倫河(he)與吉林省的洮兒河(he)之(zhi)間,該部(bu)族首領在(zai)(zai)東(dong)(dong)漢(han)時期(qi)建立了一個“鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)國(guo)”,因此(ci)號(hao)稱鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族。傳(chuan)說,這位鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)國(guo)主自(zi)稱是(shi)“慕(mu)二儀(yi)之(zhi)道,繼三光之(zhi)容(rong)”,因此(ci)以“慕(mu)容(rong)”為(wei)稱號(hao),稱慕(mu)容(rong)單于(yu),其鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)國(guo)在(zai)(zai)后來(lai)被(bei)(bei)稱作鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu),部(bu)族人等因稱慕(mu)容(rong)氏(shi),此(ci)后世代相(xiang)傳(chuan)。
慕容氏的(de)發源地就在斯地,故(gu)慕容氏族人皆尊奉慕容單于(yu)為(wei)得姓始祖。
源于鮮(xian)卑族,出(chu)自三國時(shi)(shi)期鮮(xian)卑慕(mu)(mu)容,屬于以(yi)部(bu)落(luo)(luo)名稱為氏(shi)。在三國時(shi)(shi)期,鮮(xian)卑慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首領莫(mo)(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)率領族人(ren)(ren)遷居遼西(xi)地區,后(hou)來曾追(zhui)隨司馬懿征討在遼東(dong)地區割(ge)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)公孫淵,立下(xia)戰功,被(bei)封(feng)為率義王(wang)。后(hou)莫(mo)(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)在荊城(cheng)北部(bu)(今河(he)北昌(chang)黎)建立起一(yi)個部(bu)落(luo)(luo)聯盟。據說,當時(shi)(shi)北方的(de)(de)(de)(de)漢族人(ren)(ren)流行戴步搖冠(一(yi)種帶(dai)有(you)懸垂裝飾(shi)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)帽子),莫(mo)(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)見了很是喜歡,也做了一(yi)頂,整天(tian)戴在頭上。部(bu)落(luo)(luo)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮(xian)卑族人(ren)(ren)見了他這種打扮,都稱他為“步搖”。因當地語言(yan)“步搖”同“慕(mu)(mu)容”讀音相近,所以(yi)傳(chuan)到(dao)后(hou)來就成了“慕(mu)(mu)容”,之后(hou)莫(mo)(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)的(de)(de)(de)(de)族人(ren)(ren)們便干脆(cui)以(yi)此(ci)稱謂作為部(bu)落(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱,并(bing)以(yi)此(ci)為部(bu)落(luo)(luo)王(wang)族世家的(de)(de)(de)(de)姓氏(shi)。到(dao)了西(xi)晉時(shi)(shi)期,莫(mo)(mo)護(hu)跋(ba)的(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)代慕(mu)(mu)容廆(hui)占領了燕(yan)北、遼東(dong)一(yi)帶(dai)廣大地區,自稱鮮(xian)卑大單于。慕(mu)(mu)容廆(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兒子叫慕(mu)(mu)容皝,是一(yi)個具有(you)雄才大略的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)物,他創建了前燕(yan)國,從此(ci)正式(shi)以(yi)慕(mu)(mu)容為姓氏(shi),隋(sui)唐(tang)以(yi)后(hou),慕(mu)(mu)容氏(shi)族人(ren)(ren)多有(you)省文簡(jian)改為單性慕(mu)(mu)氏(shi)、容氏(shi)者,皆(jie)世代相傳(chuan)。
在東晉十(shi)六國(guo)時期(qi),慕容氏(shi)家族在北方地區先后建立了(le)四大(da)燕(yan)國(guo),即前燕(yan)國(guo)、后燕(yan)國(guo)、西(xi)燕(yan)國(guo)、南燕(yan)國(guo),持續輝煌了(le)七十(shi)余年的歷史(shi)。
慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)單(dan)于(yu)、莫護跋(ba)、慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆。據《三國志·鮮卑(bei)傳》中(zhong)記載(zai),漢桓帝時,鮮卑(bei)分(fen)為中(zhong)、東、西三部,中(zhong)部大(da)夫柯最闕,居(ju)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)寺。歷史上(shang)的(de)鮮卑(bei)族發(fa)源(yuan)于(yu)今內蒙(meng)自治(zhi)區(qu)西拉木倫河(he)與洮(tao)兒(er)河(he)之(zhi)間,慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏的(de)發(fa)源(yuan)地(di)也在那里(li),故慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏后人(ren)奉單(dan)于(yu)為慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)姓的(de)得姓始祖。
慕容(rong)復(fu)姓(xing)在中國(guo)的大陸和臺灣省均未列入百(bai)(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)前一百(bai)(bai)(bai)位,不過,在宋版《百(bai)(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)》中排序為第四百(bai)(bai)(bai)三十(shi)六位,在復(fu)姓(xing)中排序為第二十(shi)八位。
慕容本是鮮卑(bei)族(zu)的一個(ge)部(bu)落名稱,三國時首領莫護(hu)跋率族(zu)人遷至(zhi)遼西建國,號鮮卑(bei),在涉歸(gui)做單(dan)于(yu)時自(zi)云(yun):“慕二儀(古指天(tian)地)之(zhi)德(de),繼(ji)三光(日月(yue)星)之(zhi)容”,因此以慕容為姓。
在(zai)漢桓(huan)帝時,鮮卑(bei)分而(er)治之(zhi),分地中,東,西三區,中部(bu)由柯最(zui)闕統治,他居住在(zai)慕容(rong)寺,故更姓為慕容(rong)。相傳莫護跋在(zai)棘城北建(jian)國(guo)時,很(hen)喜歡北方漢人(ren)當時很(hen)流行的步搖冠(帶(dai)有墜飾的帽(mao)子),也叫人(ren)做了一頂(ding),整(zheng)天戴在(zai)頭上。鮮卑(bei)人(ren)因(yin)此戲稱之(zhi)“步搖”。而(er)由于(yu)語音與慕容(rong)相似,后(hou)即訛(e)傳為慕容(rong)。他的后(hou)人(ren)就將錯就錯,將部(bu)落改稱慕容(rong)。
西晉(jin)時期,慕容(rong)(rong)氏(shi)族人建立了燕(yan)國(guo),正式以慕容(rong)(rong)為姓氏(shi)。在東晉(jin)到(dao)十六國(guo)時期,燕(yan)國(guo)曾鼎(ding)盛一時,在北方建有前燕(yan),后燕(yan),南燕(yan),西燕(yan)等國(guo),慕容(rong)(rong)姓氏(shi)得到(dao)了很廣泛(fan)地流(liu)傳。
今江蘇省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)蘇州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),河南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)焦作市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)溫縣(xian)、開(kai)封市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、葉縣(xian)、許昌市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鎮平縣(xian)、平頂(ding)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、中牟縣(xian),廣(guang)(guang)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)(guang)州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高要市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、新(xin)會區、臺(tai)山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、中山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、珠(zhu)海(hai)(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、東(dong)莞市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、高州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吳川市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、信宜市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、化州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、電(dian)白市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、陽(yang)江市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)海(hai)(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、番禺市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、順德(de)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),遼寧省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)沈陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、朝陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、營口(kou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、丹(dan)東(dong)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鳳城(cheng)區,山(shan)東(dong)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)龍(long)口(kou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、煙臺(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)棲霞縣(xian)、榮成市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、蓬萊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、莒縣(xian),廣(guang)(guang)西壯族(zu)(zu)自治(zhi)區南(nan)(nan)(nan)寧市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、龍(long)川縣(xian),甘肅省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)慶陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),陜西省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)西安(an)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、吳堡縣(xian)、綏德(de)縣(xian),湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)邵陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)綏寧縣(xian)、瀏陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),黑龍(long)江省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)哈爾濱市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鶴崗(gang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),河北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)涿州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、邯鄲市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安(an)徽省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)蒙城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、利辛縣(xian),云南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)大理白族(zu)(zu)自治(zhi)州(zhou),貴(gui)州(zhou)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)六枝市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),內蒙古自治(zhi)區的(de)(de)(de)赤峰市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、烏海(hai)(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四川省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)成都(dou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)西省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)太原市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),湖(hu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)邵陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),吉林省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)吉林市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重慶市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)江津縣(xian),北(bei)京(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海(hai)(hai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),臺(tai)灣省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),香港特別行政區,新(xin)加坡等地,均有(you)慕(mu)容氏族(zu)(zu)人分布。
2022年1月24日,公安部戶政(zheng)管(guan)理(li)研究中(zhong)心(xin)發布2021年全國(guo)姓(xing)名報(bao)告。根據(ju)報(bao)告,慕(mu)容(rong)姓(xing)分布最(zui)多的(de)省份是廣(guang)東(dong)(70.94%)。
敦煌(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)郡(jun):西(xi)(xi)漢(han)朝元鼎六年(庚午,公元前111年),漢(han)武帝劉徹將敦煌(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)郡(jun)從酒泉(quan)(quan)郡(jun)分出(chu)來置郡(jun),治(zhi)所在今(jin)甘肅(su)省敦煌(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang),其時(shi)下(xia)轄敦煌(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)縣(xian)、龍勒縣(xian)、效谷縣(xian)、廣(guang)至(zhi)縣(xian)、淵泉(quan)(quan)縣(xian)、冥(ming)安縣(xian)等六個縣(xian),是(shi)為敦煌(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)設治(zhi)之始。敦煌(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)郡(jun)據有陽關(guan)、玉門關(guan),與酒泉(quan)(quan)郡(jun)、武威郡(jun)、張(zhang)掖郡(jun)并稱河西(xi)(xi)四郡(jun)。張(zhang)騫兩次出(chu)使(shi)西(xi)(xi)域(yu),開通(tong)了連結(jie)東西(xi)(xi)方的“絲(si)綢(chou)之路(lu)”,敦煌(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)成為商旅必經的絲(si)路(lu)重鎮和通(tong)往西(xi)(xi)方的三(san)條線路(lu)的交匯(hui)點(dian),并以此奠(dian)定了敦煌(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)在中國歷史上的特(te)殊地(di)位。
雁(yan)門(men)郡:戰國時(shi)期趙國趙武靈王置郡,秦朝(chao)、漢朝(chao)沿用,治所在善無(今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)右玉),其時(shi)轄地在今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)河曲、五(wu)寨、寧武、代縣(xian)一帶。東(dong)漢時(shi)期移治到陰館(今(jin)山(shan)西(xi)代縣(xian)),此后(hou)多以(yi)雁(yan)門(men)為郡、道、縣(xian)建制戍守(shou)。雁(yan)門(men)關之稱,始自(zi)唐朝(chao)初期,因北方(fang)突厥(jue)崛起,屢有(you)內犯,唐朝(chao)駐軍于雁(yan)門(men)山(shan),于制高點鐵裹門(men)設關城,戍卒防守(shou)。
遼(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)郡(jun)(jun)(jun):在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)歷史(shi)上,“遼(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)”這(zhe)個稱謂有四重意思:①郡(jun)(jun)(jun)、國(guo)(guo)名,戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)燕國(guo)(guo)置(zhi)郡(jun)(jun)(jun),洽所在(zai)(zai)襄平(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧遼(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)),其時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄(xia)地(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧省(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)凌河(he)(he)以東(dong)(dong)一(yi)帶(dai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu);西(xi)晉時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)改(gai)為國(guo)(guo);十(shi)六(liu)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的后(hou)燕末地(di)(di)(di)(di)入東(dong)(dong)海郡(jun)(jun)(jun);北(bei)燕時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)又復置(zhi)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)郡(jun)(jun)(jun)于今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧省(sheng)(sheng)西(xi)部一(yi)帶(dai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu);北(bei)齊時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)廢黜;到東(dong)(dong)漢安帝時(shi)(shi)(shi)分遼(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)、遼(liao)(liao)(liao)西(xi)兩郡(jun)(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)置(zhi)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)屬(shu)國(guo)(guo)都(dou)尉,治(zhi)所在(zai)(zai)昌(chang)(chang)黎(今(jin)(jin)(jin)義縣),其時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄(xia)地(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧省(sheng)(sheng)西(xi)部大(da)(da)凌河(he)(he)中(zhong)下(xia)游一(yi)帶(dai);三國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的曹魏(wei)改(gai)為昌(chang)(chang)黎郡(jun)(jun)(jun)。②都(dou)司(si)(si)(si)名,明(ming)(ming)朝洪武(wu)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(辛亥,公(gong)元(yuan)1371年(nian)(nian)(nian))置(zhi)定遼(liao)(liao)(liao)都(dou)衛(wei),明(ming)(ming)朝洪武(wu)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(乙卯,公(gong)元(yuan)1375年(nian)(nian)(nian))改(gai)為遼(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)都(dou)司(si)(si)(si),治(zhi)所在(zai)(zai)定遼(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)衛(wei)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧遼(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)),其時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄(xia)地(di)(di)(di)(di)為今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧省(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)部地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu);自明(ming)(ming)正統后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)因兀良哈(ha)諸族南移,漸失遼(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)套(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)中(zhong)游兩岸地(di)(di)(di)(di));從明(ming)(ming)朝天啟(qi)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)~崇禎十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(辛酉~壬(ren)午(wu),公(gong)元(yuan)1621~1642年(nian)(nian)(nian))期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)間,全境(jing)為后(hou)金(清)所并。③軍鎮(zhen)名,明(ming)(ming)朝“九邊(bian)”之一(yi),相當于遼(liao)(liao)(liao)東(dong)(dong)都(dou)司(si)(si)(si)的轄(xia)境(jing),主要是鎮(zhen)守(shou)總兵官駐廣(guang)寧(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧北(bei)鎮(zhen)),明(ming)(ming)朝隆慶元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(丁卯,公(gong)元(yuan)1567年(nian)(nian)(nian))后(hou)冬季則移駐遼(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)遼(liao)(liao)(liao)寧遼(liao)(liao)(liao)陽(yang));明(ming)(ming)朝末期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)廢黜。④地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)名,泛(fan)指遼(liao)(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)以東(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。
敦煌堂:以望立堂。
雁門堂:以(yi)望立(li)堂。
遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)堂:以望立堂。慕容廆占(zhan)領燕北、遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)一帶,自稱鮮卑大單于(yu),歸屬于(yu)晉(jin)(jin)朝。晉(jin)(jin)朝太(tai)興初年(nian)封他為“遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)公”,慕容氏因(yin)以“遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)”為堂號。
山東(dong)榮成慕容氏宗譜,著者(zhe)待考,民國(guo)年間木(mu)刻(ke)活字印本。現被(bei)收(shou)藏(zang)在(zai)山東(dong)省威海市人大(da)主任馬世(shi)和處(chu)。
廣(guang)東高(gao)(gao)要(yao)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏大(da)宗族譜(pu),(現(xian)代)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)遇(yu)益始修,慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)瑞湖續修,白(bai)粗布(bu)手寫版。現(xian)被收藏在廣(guang)東省高(gao)(gao)要(yao)市(shi)白(bai)土(tu)鎮慕(mu)村村委會、三燕文化研究會的孟昭凱處。注:據說(shuo)該支(zhi)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏為慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)紹奕(yi)嫡系后(hou)裔。
甘肅(su)慶陽、西(xi)峰、鎮原慕(mu)容氏合譜,(現代)闔族編修,2005年(nian)計算機(ji)排(pai)印本。現被收藏在(zai)甘肅(su)省圖書館。
山東(dong)榮成(cheng)慕(mu)容氏字輩(bei):“德善光(guang)家國恩(en)榮慶世(shi)昌(chang)”。
山(shan)東莒(ju)縣慕容(rong)氏字輩:“成宏(hong)光振德(de)慶禮(li)堯春希”。
陜西吳堡慕容(rong)氏字輩:“天希(xi)文中錫汝生(sheng)明建浩學(xue)海(hai)春云問(wen)吉成(cheng)”。
吉(ji)林(lin)梅(mei)河口慕容氏(shi)字輩:“明宏東有成本士常(chang)全宗(zong)德繼文嘉(jia)俊學海詠苑功。
雙楠(nan)居(ju)士(shi);三品(pin)中書(shu):上聯典(dian)(dian)指北(bei)宋朝時(shi)期的慕容(rong)暉,曾(ceng)與蘇軾有(you)過交往,嗜酒而喜歡吟詩,他家(jia)有(you)兩(liang)株楠(nan)木,被人(ren)稱為雙楠(nan)居(ju)士(shi)。下(xia)(xia)聯典(dian)(dian)指北(bei)宋朝時(shi)期的太原人(ren)慕容(rong)延釗,字化龍,后周時(shi),官(guan)北(bei)面行營馬(ma)步軍都(dou)虞(yu),與趙(zhao)匡(kuang)胤關(guan)系很好。趙(zhao)建北(bei)宋,命他以重兵(bing)鎮(zhen)守(shou)北(bei)方,后任殿前都(dou)檢(jian)點、同中書(shu)門(men)下(xia)(xia)三品(pin)(宰相)。建隆年間(jian)出任湖(hu)南道(dao)行營前軍都(dou)部署,平定湖(hu)南周保權(quan)、荊南高繼(ji)沖等人(ren)的叛(pan)亂,加檢(jian)討太尉。
推命(ming)(ming)世器(qi);授冠將軍(jun):上(shang)聯典(dian)指(zhi)前燕朝(chao)時期(qi)(qi)的(de)慕容廆謁張華(hua),華(hua)異之曰:“命(ming)(ming)世器(qi)也(ye)。”下聯典(dian)指(zhi)后燕朝(chao)時期(qi)(qi)的(de)慕容垂投奔(ben)苻堅(jian),堅(jian)待以國(guo)土,授冠將軍(jun),封賓都侯。
器堪名世;志在凌霄:上聯典(dian)指(zhi)前燕朝時期的慕(mu)(mu)容廆。下聯典(dian)指(zhi)后(hou)燕朝時期的慕(mu)(mu)容垂被(bei)苻(fu)堅(jian)重用(yong),后(hou)苻(fu)堅(jian)敗于晉,慕(mu)(mu)容垂遂叛秦稱(cheng)帝于中(zhong)山,國號(hao)后(hou)燕。
慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)恪(ke)(公元?~366年),鮮卑族,字玄(xuan)恭,前燕(yan)主慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)皝之子;昌黎棘城(今(jin)遼寧義(yi)縣)。著名(ming)東晉十六國(guo)時期前燕(yan)政治家、軍事家。慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)恪(ke)是前燕(yan)王慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)皝的第(di)四子,慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)恪(ke)“幼而謹厚,沈深有(you)大度”。因(yin)其母高氏不被寵(chong)愛(ai),所以一直不為(wei)慕(mu)(mu)(mu)容(rong)皝所注意。
慕容隆(公元?~397年),鮮卑族;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。著名十六國時期后燕將領。
慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)三(san)(san)(san)藏(zang)(公(gong)元544~611年待考),燕人。著名隋朝大臣。慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)三(san)(san)(san)藏(zang)的(de)(de)父(fu)(fu)(fu)親是慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)紹(shao)宗(zong),《北(bei)史(shi)(shi)》第(di)五十三(san)(san)(san)卷中有傳。慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)紹(shao)宗(zong)承襲祖(zu)、父(fu)(fu)(fu)而任(ren)(ren)(ren)職(zhi)于北(bei)魏,封索盧侯(hou)(hou),任(ren)(ren)(ren)北(bei)魏后期權(quan)臣爾朱(zhu)(zhu)兆(zhao)的(de)(de)長(chang)史(shi)(shi),朱(zhu)(zhu)兆(zhao)失敗后轉投(tou)北(bei)齊高氏(shi)。先(xian)后掌(zhang)管府(fu)庫、圖(tu)籍諸(zhu)事,任(ren)(ren)(ren)青州刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)、御(yu)史(shi)(shi)中丞(cheng)、徐(xu)州刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)、尚書左仆射、東(dong)南道行(xing)臺(為(wei)擊討侯(hou)(hou)景而設)、南道行(xing)臺(為(wei)抗擊西魏王思政設)等(deng)職(zhi)。慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)三(san)(san)(san)藏(zang)的(de)(de)后人,史(shi)(shi)籍中只提(ti)到其孫慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)知廉(lian),任(ren)(ren)(ren)唐雍州涇陽縣尉。慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)知廉(lian)之父(fu)(fu)(fu)是否(fou)就是上文中的(de)(de)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)遐,不好斷言,因為(wei)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)遐只是慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)三(san)(san)(san)藏(zang)的(de)(de)兒子(zi)之一,慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)知廉(lian)與慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)遐的(de)(de)關系是父(fu)(fu)(fu)子(zi)還是叔侄,現有的(de)(de)材料還不能確(que)定。
慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)延(yan)釗(公元(yuan)908~964年),字化龍;山西太原(yuan)人。著名五代、宋(song)初將領。慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)延(yan)釗出身將門,他(ta)的(de)(de)父(fu)親慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)章官至襄州(zhou)馬(ma)步軍都校(xiao),領開州(zhou)刺史。慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)延(yan)釗在少年時代就以勇敢干練聞(wen)聲,后(hou)(hou)漢時他(ta)為(wei)樞密使郭(guo)威的(de)(de)部(bu)下。郭(guo)威代漢建周后(hou)(hou),他(ta)被補為(wei)西頭供奉官,歷尚食副使、鐵騎都虞候,后(hou)(hou)周世宗(zong)繼位后(hou)(hou),改(gai)任殿前散指揮使都校(xiao)、領溪州(zhou)刺史。慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)延(yan)釗戎馬(ma)一(yi)生,他(ta)善(shan)于(yu)攻(gong)伐,南征北戰,以軍事統帥的(de)(de)身份參加了(le)后(hou)(hou)周和(he)北宋(song)幾次(ci)主要的(de)(de)統一(yi)戰爭,并立下顯(xian)赫(he)戰功。
慕容彥(yan)超(生(sheng)卒年待考),五(wu)代時后周(zhou)將(jiang)軍,曾任(ren)兗(yan)州(今山東滋陽)節度(du)使,后叛(pan)周(zhou)兵敗自殺。
慕容農(nong)(公(gong)元(yuan)?~398年(nian)),鮮卑族(zu);昌黎棘城人(ren)(今遼寧(ning)義縣)。著名十(shi)六國時(shi)期后燕(yan)將領。慕容農(nong)是(shi)后燕(yan)開國皇帝(di)慕容垂(chui)之(zhi)子,他與慕容隆一樣,是(shi)慕容垂(chui)的愛(ai)姬所生。
慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)翰(han)(公元?~344年),鮮卑族,字元邕(yong);昌黎棘城人(今遼寧義縣)。著名十六國(guo)時期前燕將(jiang)領。慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)翰(han)為鮮卑族領袖慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)廆的長子(zi),慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)翰(han)“性(xing)雄豪,多權略,猿(yuan)臂工射(she),膂力過人。”慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)廆甚是驚奇,遂委以重任。
慕容(rong)楚強:生(sheng)于一八九四年十月二十七(qi)日,家中五(wu)兄弟排行老(lao)大,從(cong)小聰(cong)穎好(hao)學,能文(wen)善武,剛正不(bu)(bu)阿,常(chang)為人打抱(bao)不(bu)(bu)平,伸張正義(yi),被(bei)譽為“翻天(tian)印”。
慕容浩然:出(chu)生于一個貧苦的(de)農(nong)民家(jia)庭。初(chu)小畢(bi)業后(hou)(hou)在家(jia)務農(nong)。1930年(nian)在家(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)參加(jia)農(nong)民赤衛軍(jun)(jun)。后(hou)(hou)因斗(dou)爭環(huan)境極其險(xian)惡,被(bei)組(zu)織(zhi)送到(dao)湘鄉(xiang)(xiang)縣(xian)城一家(jia)織(zhi)布廠(chang)學(xue)織(zhi)布,并改姓羅。1938年(nian),辭職回到(dao)家(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)瀏陽高(gao)(gao)田慕家(jia)沖(chong)參加(jia)抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)救(jiu)(jiu)亡運動。不久,加(jia)入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)共產黨(dang),并任(ren)高(gao)(gao)田鄉(xiang)(xiang)黨(dang)支部(bu)(bu)(bu)書記(ji)。常利(li)(li)用自己(ji)的(de)織(zhi)布手(shou)藝,走(zou)鄉(xiang)(xiang)串(chuan)村,秘密(mi)從(cong)事(shi)恢(hui)復和(he)發展(zhan)(zhan)黨(dang)的(de)組(zu)織(zhi)工作。1945年(nian)在平(ping)江參加(jia)王震領導的(de)南(nan)下(xia)支隊(dui)(dui)(后(hou)(hou)改名國(guo)民革(ge)命軍(jun)(jun)湖(hu)(hu)南(nan)抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)救(jiu)(jiu)國(guo)軍(jun)(jun))。為擴大(da)抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)力量(liang),自告奮勇返回瀏陽動員(yuan)青年(nian)參軍(jun)(jun)。途中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),曾一度被(bei)國(guo)民黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)隊(dui)(dui)扣留(liu),遭受毒打(da),始終(zhong)嚴(yan)守機密(mi)。被(bei)保釋回家(jia)后(hou)(hou),仍積極設法完(wan)成任(ren)務,并順利(li)(li)返回部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)。不久,被(bei)安排到(dao)湖(hu)(hu)北夏陵(ling)軍(jun)(jun)政學(xue)校學(xue)習。后(hou)(hou)回原(yuan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)隊(dui)(dui)任(ren)偵(zhen)察員(yuan)。曾多次深入(ru)敵(di)占區偵(zhen)察情(qing)況(kuang),參加(jia)搗(dao)毀偽(wei)軍(jun)(jun)駐點,襲擊日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)輜(zi)重車輛等戰斗(dou)。同年(nian)9月,隨(sui)部(bu)(bu)(bu)北上(shang)途中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在河南(nan)光(guang)山縣(xian)分別與(yu)兩股拒降的(de)日(ri)(ri)軍(jun)(jun)展(zhan)(zhan)開(kai)激戰時,左手(shou)和(he)右腿先后(hou)(hou)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)彈負傷,遂被(bei)留(liu)在當(dang)地農(nong)民家(jia)養(yang)傷。不久,被(bei)國(guo)民黨(dang)軍(jun)(jun)隊(dui)(dui)搜查出(chu)逮捕,殺害(hai)于光(guang)山縣(xian)郊。
慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆(公元269年~333年),燕(yan)國實際締(di)造者,西晉時(shi),慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆被(bei)封為鮮卑(bei)(bei)都督,是晉國的一個軍官,他率(lv)本部(bu)人馬(ma)居遼東(dong)境,與(yu)段鮮卑(bei)(bei)和宇文(wen)鮮卑(bei)(bei)為鄰。慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆與(yu)段鮮卑(bei)(bei)結為婚姻,同(tong)時(shi)大(da)(da)破宇文(wen)鮮卑(bei)(bei),聲(sheng)勢(shi)曰益壯大(da)(da)。八王之亂時(shi),自稱(cheng)大(da)(da)單(dan)于(yu)(yu),由于(yu)(yu)中(zhong)原大(da)(da)亂,許多晉朝官民前去(qu)遼東(dong),慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆設(she)立郡(jun)縣(xian),開辦學(xue)校,教(jiao)以農桑,使世(shi)子(zi)慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)皝等入學(xue)讀書(shu)。孫慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)俊稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)后,追(zhui)尊慕(mu)容(rong)(rong)廆為武宣(xuan)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)。
慕(mu)容(rong)皝(公(gong)元(yuan)297~348年),鮮(xian)卑族(zu),字(zi)元(yuan)真(zhen),小字(zi)萬(wan)年,鮮(xian)卑族(zu)領袖慕(mu)容(rong)炅第三子;昌(chang)黎(li)棘城人(ren)(今遼寧義縣)。著(zhu)名十六國時(shi)期前燕(yan)(yan)開國皇(huang)帝(di)(di),軍事統帥,前燕(yan)(yan)太祖(zu)文明皇(huang)帝(di)(di)。在(zai)位時(shi)間從公(gong)元(yuan)337~348年為期十二年,終年五十二歲。
慕(mu)容俊(jun)(公(gong)元317~360年(nian)),鮮卑族,字宣英,慕(mu)容皝第(di)二(er)子;昌黎棘城人(今(jin)遼寧(ning)義縣)。著(zhu)名十(shi)六國時期前燕(yan)(yan)第(di)二(er)位(wei)皇帝(di),前燕(yan)(yan)烈祖(zu)景昭皇帝(di)。在(zai)位(wei)時間從(cong)公(gong)元348~360年(nian)為(wei)期十(shi)三年(nian),終(zhong)年(nian)四十(shi)三歲。
慕(mu)容(rong)暐(wei)(公(gong)元350年—384年),鮮卑族,慕(mu)容(rong)俊第三(san)子;昌黎(li)棘城人(今遼寧(ning)義縣(xian))。著名十(shi)六國(guo)時期前燕(yan)第二(er)位(wei)皇帝(di),前燕(yan)烈幽(you)皇帝(di)。在位(wei)時間從公(gong)元360~370年為期十(shi)一(yi)年,終年三(san)十(shi)四歲。慕(mu)容(rong)俊立以為皇太子,后嗣位(wei),公(gong)元370年11月苻(fu)堅攻入鄴城,慕(mu)容(rong)暐(wei)外逃被(bei)俘,前燕(yan)國(guo)滅亡。
慕(mu)容(rong)垂(chui)(公元326~396年),鮮(xian)卑族,昌黎(li)棘城人(今(jin)遼(liao)寧(ning)義縣)。十六(liu)國時期(qi)后燕(yan)創建者(zhe),后燕(yan)世祖成武皇帝。在位時間從公元384~396年為(wei)期(qi)十三年,終(zhong)年七十一(yi)歲。慕(mu)容(rong)垂(chui)原為(wei)前秦大(da)將,苻(fu)堅慘(can)敗于淝(fei)水之戰后,慕(mu)容(rong)垂(chui)即圖恢復燕(yan)國,于公
元(yuan)384年(nian)稱(cheng)燕王,兩(liang)年(nian)后稱(cheng)帝,定(ding)都于中(zhong)山。
慕容熙(xi)(公(gong)元385~408年(nian)),鮮卑族,字道文(wen),一字長生,慕容垂少子;昌黎棘城人(今遼寧義(yi)縣)。十六國時期(qi)后燕創建者,后燕昭(zhao)文(wen)皇(huang)帝。在位時間從公(gong)元401~408年(nian)為期(qi)七年(nian),終年(nian)二(er)十三歲(sui)。
慕容德(公(gong)元(yuan)335~405年),鮮卑族,字名(ming)備德,字玄明(ming),前燕(yan)皇帝(di)(di)慕容皝之少子,后(hou)燕(yan)皇帝(di)(di)慕容垂之弟;昌黎棘城人(ren)(今遼寧義縣)。十六(liu)國時(shi)期(qi)南燕(yan)創建者,南燕(yan)世(shi)宗獻武皇帝(di)(di)。在(zai)位時(shi)間(jian)從公(gong)元(yuan)398~405年為期(qi)八年,終年七十歲。
慕(mu)容(rong)超(公元385~410年),鮮卑族,慕(mu)容(rong)德之(zhi)(zhi)兄,北海王慕(mu)容(rong)納(na)之(zhi)(zhi)子;昌黎棘城人(今遼(liao)寧義縣)。十(shi)六(liu)國(guo)時期(qi)(qi)南燕末位(wei)皇帝,南燕末帝。在(zai)位(wei)時間從公元405~410年為期(qi)(qi)六(liu)年,終年二十(shi)六(liu)歲。慕(mu)容(rong)德立以為太子,慕(mu)容(rong)德逝世(shi)后嗣(si)位(wei),公元410年為東晉劉裕所敗,俘送于建康而殺之(zhi)(zhi),南燕國(guo)滅亡。
慕容(rong)(rong)沖(chong)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)359~386年),鮮卑族,小字(zi)鳳皇(huang),前(qian)燕帝(di)慕容(rong)(rong)俊之子,慕容(rong)(rong)暐之弟。著名十(shi)六國時期西(xi)(xi)燕國皇(huang)帝(di),西(xi)(xi)燕威皇(huang)帝(di),在位時間從公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)385~386年為(wei)期一年,終年二十(shi)七歲。
慕(mu)(mu)容永(公元(yuan)?~394年(nian)(nian)待考),鮮(xian)卑(bei)族,字(zi)叔明,慕(mu)(mu)容部首領(ling)慕(mu)(mu)容廆其弟慕(mu)(mu)容運之孫(一說為其子),前(qian)燕(yan)建立者慕(mu)(mu)容皝之堂侄(zhi)。著(zhu)名十六國時(shi)期西(xi)燕(yan)國末位皇(huang)帝(di),在位時(shi)間從公元(yuan)385~394年(nian)(nian),終年(nian)(nian)歲數待考。