芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)是一種珍貴的食(shi)用菌，明、清(qing)(qing)時皆以“山(shan)(shan)(shan)珍”被(bei)(bei)列為貢品。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)利用金剛刺釀酒殘渣培育出猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)，而后經紫外線(xian)誘變選(xuan)育出“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)99號”菌株，至此常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)正式面世(shi)。1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)在(zai)北京人(ren)民大(da)會(hui)堂舉(ju)行品嘗會(hui)，全國人(ren)大(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)委(wei)會(hui)副(fu)委(wei)員(yuan)長嚴濟慈，全國政協副(fu)主席費孝通(tong)等大(da)批領導及知(zhi)名(ming)人(ren)士參加(jia)，會(hui)上嚴濟慈題詞：“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)、浙江(jiang)一寶(bao)”。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)，清(qing)(qing)宣統(tong)帝溥儀之弟溥杰為常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)題字：“山(shan)(shan)(shan)珍猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)、海味(wei)燕窩(wo)”。 2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)被(bei)(bei)浙江(jiang)省農業(ye)廳評定(ding)為“浙江(jiang)名(ming)菇(gu)(gu)”。2014年(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)政府將常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)提(ti)升到“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)三寶(bao)”高度，進一步打(da)造(zao)金名(ming)片。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)微生(sheng)物(wu)總廠生(sheng)產的“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)江(jiang)牌”猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)罐頭(tou)(tou)、猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)干(gan)品榮獲“商業(ye)部優質產品”；2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)被(bei)(bei)評為“浙江(jiang)名(ming)菇(gu)(gu)”；2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)獲得國家農產品地理標志登記(ji)，“森力牌”猴(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)(gu)榮獲第十三屆(jie)中國國際(ji)農產品交易(yi)會(hui)金獎。

二.自然生態(tai)環境和人文(wen)歷史因素

1、地(di)形地(di)貌：常山(shan)(shan)縣位于(yu)浙(zhe)江西部，錢塘江上(shang)(shang)游，自古有(you)“四省(sheng)通衢，兩(liang)浙(zhe)首(shou)站”之稱。常山(shan)(shan)地(di)貌屬(shu)低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘陵型，地(di)勢南(nan)(nan)北高，中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)低(di)，由西北向東(dong)南(nan)(nan)傾斜，境域面積1099.07平(ping)方公里。境內(nei)多(duo)山(shan)(shan)，中(zhong)(zhong)部為山(shan)(shan)間(jian)(jian)盆地(di)，最(zui)高海拔(ba)1395米(mi)，最(zui)低(di)海拔(ba)72米(mi)，山(shan)(shan)地(di)面積占全縣總(zong)面積的74.57%，素(su)有(you)“八(ba)山(shan)(shan)半水分半田”之說(shuo)。 2、生態(tai)環(huan)境：常山(shan)(shan)縣位于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)亞熱(re)帶北緣地(di)帶，生態(tai)環(huan)境優越，是國家級生態(tai)示范區(qu)和浙(zhe)江省(sheng)重要(yao)的生態(tai)屏障，全縣森林面積120.64萬畝，森林覆(fu)蓋率(lv)達73.2%，出境水質(zhi)達到三類水標準，常年空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量保持在(zai)二級以上(shang)(shang)，享有(you)“綠色常山(shan)(shan)、天然氧吧”的美譽。 3、氣(qi)(qi)候特征(zheng)：常山(shan)(shan)縣屬(shu)亞熱(re)帶季風氣(qi)(qi)候，四季分明(ming)，氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)適中(zhong)(zhong)，熱(re)資源(yuan)較豐(feng)富；雨(yu)量充沛，雨(yu)熱(re)同季，空氣(qi)(qi)濕潤。年平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)17.4℃，極端(duan)最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-7.8℃，極端(duan)最(zui)高氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)41.8℃；年降水量在(zai)1500～1900毫米(mi)左右(you)，年平(ping)均濕度在(zai)73%～78%之間(jian)(jian)，年平(ping)均無霜期238天。

三.地域范圍

常山猴頭菇地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域保護范圍(wei)為：地(di)理坐(zuo)標(biao)為東(dong)(dong)經118°15′～118°45′，北緯28°46′～29°13′之間。包括球川(chuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、白石鎮(zhen)(zhen)、青石鎮(zhen)(zhen)、招賢(xian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、芳村鎮(zhen)(zhen)、輝埠(bu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、何家鄉、同弓鄉、新昌(chang)鄉、大(da)橋頭鄉、東(dong)(dong)案鄉、金川(chuan)街道、紫(zi)港(gang)街道、天馬街道等14個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)（街道）180個(ge)行政(zheng)村。現有生產規模100公頃(qing)，栽培(pei)量750萬袋，年產鮮菇4500噸。保護規模面積20000公頃(qing)。

四.產(chan)品品質特(te)性特(te)征

1、形(xing)態特征 常(chang)山(shan)猴頭(tou)菇(gu)的鮮(xian)菇(gu)色澤潔白(bai)(bai)或淡(dan)(dan)黃色，外形(xing)頭(tou)狀、球(qiu)形(xing)至扁(bian)半(ban)球(qiu)形(xing)，無(wu)柄，直徑3～15cm，肉質(zhi)細(xi)嫩，表面密布針形(xing)菌(jun)刺(ci)，菌(jun)刺(ci)長0.2～1.5cm。鮮(xian)品(pin)(pin)有(you)猴頭(tou)菇(gu)特有(you)清(qing)香(xiang)，口感嫩滑，成(cheng)熟(shu)后味(wei)微苦；干品(pin)(pin)呈淡(dan)(dan)黃色至黃褐色，香(xiang)味(wei)濃(nong)郁，味(wei)微苦。 2、品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)特色 常(chang)山(shan)猴頭(tou)菇(gu)營養(yang)豐富(fu)，富(fu)含(han)蛋白(bai)(bai)質(zhi)、氨基酸(suan)、維生(sheng)素以及鉀、鈣、鐵、鋅等(deng)(deng)微量(liang)元素，并含(han)有(you)猴頭(tou)菇(gu)多糖(tang)等(deng)(deng)活性成(cheng)份。每100g干品(pin)(pin)含(han)蛋白(bai)(bai)質(zhi)≥12.0克，脂肪≥3.0克，粗(cu)多糖(tang)≥3.0克。 3、質(zhi)量(liang)安全規定 常(chang)山(shan)猴頭(tou)菇(gu)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)通過(guo)嚴(yan)(yan)格控(kong)制生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)，嚴(yan)(yan)禁在生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、加(jia)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中添(tian)加(jia)或使(shi)用有(you)害有(you)毒投入品(pin)(pin)，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全采取(qu)嚴(yan)(yan)格對猴頭(tou)菇(gu)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)蛋白(bai)(bai)質(zhi)、粗(cu)多糖(tang)等(deng)(deng)理化指標(biao)(biao)以及衛(wei)生(sheng)指標(biao)(biao)檢(jian)測、監控(kong)，衛(wei)生(sheng)指標(biao)(biao)按照GB 7096《食(shi)用菌(jun)衛(wei)生(sheng)標(biao)(biao)準》執(zhi)行。

五.特定生產方式(shi)

（一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)）產(chan)地(di)(di)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu): 常(chang)山(shan)猴頭菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)場(chang)地(di)(di)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)良(liang)(liang)好(hao)、三級以上(shang)(shang)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)，周(zhou)圍300米(mi)(mi)無(wu)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)它污(wu)染(ran)源。生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)區域(yu)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合NY 5010《無(wu)公(gong)害食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin) 蔬菜(cai)產(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)條件》的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。 （二）栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：宜(yi)(yi)(yi)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong) “常(chang)山(shan)猴頭99號”等(deng)優良(liang)(liang)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 （三）生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)(ji)術： 1、栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)季節。9月(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬至(zhi)10月(yue)中旬制(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)，當(dang)年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬至(zhi)翌年(nian)(nian)4月(yue)出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。 2、栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)。栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合NY 5099《無(wu)公(gong)害食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin) 食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)技(ji)(ji)術要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)》規定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)配(pei)方(fang)(fang)：﹙1﹚棉籽殼(ke)70%、雜木(mu)(mu)屑15%、麩皮14%、石(shi)膏(gao)或(huo)(huo)輕(qing)質(zhi)碳(tan)酸(suan)鈣(gai)1%。﹙2﹚甘蔗渣或(huo)(huo)玉米(mi)(mi)芯65%、雜木(mu)(mu)屑15%、麩皮14%、玉米(mi)(mi)粉(fen)5%、石(shi)膏(gao)或(huo)(huo)輕(qing)質(zhi)碳(tan)酸(suan)鈣(gai)1%。 3、制(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai) （1）拌料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。根(gen)(gen)據配(pei)方(fang)(fang)將(jiang)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)混(hun)合，邊攪拌邊加適量水(shui)(shui)，使(shi)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)含水(shui)(shui)量為(wei)(wei)61%～63%（用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手緊握料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，指(zhi)縫(feng)間(jian)有(you)水(shui)(shui)珠但(dan)不下(xia)(xia)滴(di)），pH值為(wei)(wei)6.0～7.0。 （2）裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袋(dai)。選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規格(ge)為(wei)(wei)12.5厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)×55厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)×0.0045厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)聚乙(yi)烯(xi)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)袋(dai)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袋(dai)機將(jiang)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)袋(dai)，松(song)緊以培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)緊貼袋(dai)壁為(wei)(wei)度(du)(du)。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)袋(dai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)濕重1400～1500克(ke)（折干料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)650～750克(ke)），料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)長(chang)42～44厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)；袋(dai)外(wai)(wai)壁培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)擦凈，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)繩或(huo)(huo)鋁卡扎(zha)口(kou)。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)4小(xiao)時(shi)內(nei)完成(cheng)(cheng)。 4、滅(mie)(mie)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和(he)接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) （1）滅(mie)(mie)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)應(ying)(ying)(ying)立(li)即滅(mie)(mie)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。每(mei)(mei)灶(zao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)6000～7000袋(dai)，6小(xiao)時(shi)之內(nei)升溫至(zhi)100℃，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)16～18小(xiao)時(shi)。停火后(hou)(hou)(hou)，當(dang)灶(zao)內(nei)溫度(du)(du)自然(ran)降至(zhi)80℃出(chu)灶(zao)，把料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)搬到(dao)已(yi)清(qing)洗干凈并(bing)經消毒的(de)(de)冷卻室(shi)(shi)內(nei)，“#”形(xing)堆(dui)(dui)疊冷卻。 （2）接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)溫度(du)(du)冷卻到(dao)28℃以下(xia)(xia)時(shi)，在(zai)接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)室(shi)(shi)、接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱按(an)無(wu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)操作規程接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)側面(mian)(mian)均勻(yun)接三個(ge)穴(xue)點，穴(xue)直徑1.5厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，深2厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)左右，塊狀菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)填(tian)滿接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)，每(mei)(mei)袋(dai)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)接12～14棒(bang)(bang)(bang)，接后(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)外(wai)(wai)套薄袋(dai)。 5、培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang) （1）培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)室(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)室(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)清(qing)潔(jie)、干燥、遮(zhe)光(guang)、通(tong)風(feng)(feng)，保(bao)(bao)溫性好(hao)。 （2）培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)式(shi)發(fa)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，將(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)逐層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)橫放(fang)在(zai)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)上(shang)(shang)；采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)“#”形(xing)疊放(fang)發(fa)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，將(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)從(cong)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)起逐層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)交錯(cuo)堆(dui)(dui)放(fang)，高(gao)8～10層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。 （3）培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)管(guan)理(li)。培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)室(shi)(shi)溫度(du)(du)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)23～25℃，空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)相(xiang)對濕度(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)65%～70%。整(zheng)個(ge)發(fa)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)期應(ying)(ying)(ying)避光(guang)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)，每(mei)(mei)天(tian)通(tong)風(feng)(feng)2次(ci)，每(mei)(mei)次(ci)10分(fen)鐘。接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)約(yue)10天(tian)，菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)落直徑5厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)左右時(shi)，脫去(qu)外(wai)(wai)袋(dai)，增加穴(xue)口(kou)供氧量，同時(shi)，疏棒(bang)(bang)(bang)散熱、降低(di)(di)堆(dui)(dui)高(gao)，或(huo)(huo)將(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)疏散到(dao)架(jia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)(shang)。在(zai)23～25℃的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)下(xia)(xia)培(pei)(pei)養(yang)(yang)25～30天(tian)，菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)絲(si)長(chang)滿菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)，即可(ke)(ke)轉入出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)理(li)。 6、出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu) （1）菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)（棚(peng)(peng)）要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)（棚(peng)(peng)）應(ying)(ying)(ying)清(qing)潔(jie)、通(tong)風(feng)(feng)、有(you)適量散射光(guang)，并(bing)能控(kong)溫、保(bao)(bao)濕。宜(yi)(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)平棚(peng)(peng)內(nei)搭建中型塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)拱(gong)棚(peng)(peng)的(de)(de)雙棚(peng)(peng)設施栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)，外(wai)(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)平棚(peng)(peng)高(gao)2.5～3米(mi)(mi)，以立(li)柱(zhu)支撐棚(peng)(peng)頂(ding)，立(li)柱(zhu)行(xing)距(ju)(ju)4.6米(mi)(mi)，柱(zhu)距(ju)(ju)2～3米(mi)(mi)，棚(peng)(peng)頂(ding)鋪遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網，棚(peng)(peng)四(si)周(zhou)圍遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網或(huo)(huo)草簾(lian)。2～6架(jia)內(nei)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)共(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)架(jia)外(wai)(wai)蔭棚(peng)(peng)，較利于通(tong)風(feng)(feng)換氣(qi)(qi)。 （2）層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)棚(peng)(peng)設兩排(pai)(pai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)寬(kuan)1米(mi)(mi)，兩排(pai)(pai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)設邊道(dao)兩條各(ge)寬(kuan)0.7米(mi)(mi)、中間(jian)寬(kuan)1.2米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)操作道(dao)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)間(jian)距(ju)(ju)28～30厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，共(gong)5～6層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，底(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)距(ju)(ju)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)25厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，頂(ding)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)離(li)棚(peng)(peng)頂(ding)60厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)。每(mei)(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)沿菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)縱向固定(ding)4根(gen)(gen)竹(zhu)(zhu)木(mu)(mu)或(huo)(huo)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)等(deng)架(jia)材，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于擺(bai)放(fang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)。架(jia)柱(zhu)頂(ding)上(shang)(shang)綁扎(zha)竹(zhu)(zhu)片、木(mu)(mu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，呈拱(gong)形(xing)或(huo)(huo)脊形(xing)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于覆蓋薄膜(mo)。棚(peng)(peng)膜(mo)幅寬(kuan)7.5～8米(mi)(mi)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)長(chang)度(du)(du)以20～30米(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)宜(yi)(yi)(yi)。可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)毛竹(zhu)(zhu)、木(mu)(mu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等(deng)作架(jia)柱(zhu)，也可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)焊(han)制(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)鋼(gang)(gang)筋混(hun)凝土預(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)。 （3）出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)溫度(du)(du)。適宜(yi)(yi)(yi)溫度(du)(du)16～20℃。 （4）出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)理(li)。將(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)單層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、臥排(pai)(pai)于層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)上(shang)(shang)，挖(wa)除表層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)老種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)塊，接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)口(kou)朝下(xia)(xia)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)灑水(shui)(shui)，微噴加濕，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)（棚(peng)(peng)）空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)濕度(du)(du)90%；保(bao)(bao)證有(you)散射光(guang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)200～400勒克(ke)斯光(guang)照度(du)(du)，誘導原基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)。經4～5天(tian)，幼蕾即從(cong)接種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)口(kou)長(chang)出(chu)。保(bao)(bao)持(chi)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房(fang)（棚(peng)(peng)）空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)新鮮，無(wu)悶(men)氣(qi)(qi)感(gan)，門(men)窗掛遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網、草簾(lian)，防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)實體被風(feng)(feng)直吹。溫度(du)(du)高(gao)于24℃時(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)掀開四(si)周(zhou)塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)薄膜(mo)，增加對菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)及(ji)(ji)四(si)周(zhou)的(de)(de)噴水(shui)(shui)次(ci)數和(he)噴水(shui)(shui)量；溫度(du)(du)低(di)(di)于10℃時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)加強保(bao)(bao)溫，適當(dang)密閉塑(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)薄膜(mo)，中午(wu)溫度(du)(du)較高(gao)時(shi)掀開通(tong)風(feng)(feng)。子(zi)實體生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)階段(duan)，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)空(kong)間(jian)濕度(du)(du)85%～90%。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蕾形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，約(yue)經10天(tian)子(zi)實體發(fa)育成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)即可(ke)(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)。 7、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou) （1）采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)間(jian)。當(dang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)刺(ci)在(zai)0.2～1.5厘(li)(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)，未彈射孢子(zi)前(qian)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)。 （2）采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手抓住菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體輕(qing)輕(qing)扭轉拔下(xia)(xia)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)大留小(xiao)，除去(qu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)部雜質(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，按(an)規格(ge)分(fen)級。 8、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)管(guan)理(li)。前(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)清(qing)理(li)出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)口(kou)殘留物，停止(zhi)(zhi)噴水(shui)(shui)2～3天(tian)，并(bing)揭膜(mo)通(tong)風(feng)(feng)12小(xiao)時(shi)，使(shi)出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)點及(ji)(ji)時(shi)風(feng)(feng)干，防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)發(fa)霉(mei)(mei)，促進(jin)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)絲(si)積累(lei)養(yang)(yang)分(fen)。經2～3天(tian)養(yang)(yang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，再重復(fu)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)管(guan)理(li)。經7～10天(tian)，第二、三潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蕾即可(ke)(ke)出(chu)現，按(an)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)管(guan)理(li)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)可(ke)(ke)收(shou)(shou)(shou)3～4潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，生(sheng)(sheng)物學效(xiao)率可(ke)(ke)達100%以上(shang)(shang)。 9、分(fen)級。按(an)感(gan)官指(zhi)標分(fen)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)級、二級和(he)三級 10、衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。應(ying)(ying)(ying)符合GB 7096《食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)標準》規定(ding)。 11、檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)、檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)規則、標志、標簽(qian)、包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)、運輸、貯存。按(an)GB 7096《食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)標準》和(he)NY 5095《無(wu)公(gong)害食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin) 食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》規定(ding)進(jin)行(xing)。 12、病蟲(chong)(chong)害防(fang)治 （1）主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病蟲(chong)(chong)害。病害以霉(mei)(mei)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(毛霉(mei)(mei)、脈孢霉(mei)(mei)、木(mu)(mu)霉(mei)(mei)、黃曲霉(mei)(mei))、細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)性基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)腐病為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，蟲(chong)(chong)害主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蠅、菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蚊。 （2）預(yu)防(fang)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是嚴格(ge)檢(jian)(jian)查(cha)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源。二是凈化栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)。每(mei)(mei)潮(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)清(qing)理(li)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)殘留的(de)(de)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)根(gen)(gen)，減少污(wu)染(ran)源。栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)廢料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)運離(li)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)場(chang)地(di)(di)。三是出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)期間(jian)禁用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農藥(yao)(yao)，轉潮(chao)期間(jian)如需用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)，按(an)GB/T 8321《農藥(yao)(yao)合理(li)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準則》規定(ding)執行(xing)。

六.包裝標識(shi)相關規定

按照(zhao)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)(bu)關于農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)有(you)關規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)，對(dui)(dui)常(chang)山(shan)猴頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)做如下(xia)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)：凡在(zai)(zai)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)圍內(nei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)營的(de)(de)常(chang)山(shan)猴頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)，并(bing)按照(zhao)常(chang)山(shan)猴頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)質量控制(zhi)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)的(de)(de)種(zhong)植戶，在(zai)(zai)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)和(he)(he)(he)包裝(zhuang)上使(shi)(shi)用(yong)已獲(huo)得的(de)(de)常(chang)山(shan)猴頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，須(xu)向登記證書持有(you)人提出申請(qing)，并(bing)簽(qian)訂相(xiang)關合(he)同，按照(zhao)相(xiang)關要(yao)求(qiu)規(gui)(gui)范(fan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)和(he)(he)(he)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，統(tong)一采用(yong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)名稱和(he)(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公共(gong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)注。縣(xian)(xian)級以上人民(min)政(zheng)府(fu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)行(xing)政(zheng)主管部(bu)(bu)門對(dui)(dui)常(chang)山(shan)猴頭(tou)(tou)菇(gu)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)負有(you)監督(du)管理(li)(li)職能，定(ding)(ding)期對(dui)(dui)登記的(de)(de)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)地(di)域(yu)范(fan)圍、標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)等(deng)進行(xing)監督(du)檢(jian)查。鼓勵單位和(he)(he)(he)個人對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進行(xing)社(she)會監督(du)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)本地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經(jing)營者，對(dui)(dui)地(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)質量和(he)(he)(he)信譽負責，違反本規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)，由縣(xian)(xian)級以上人民(min)政(zheng)府(fu)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)行(xing)政(zheng)主管部(bu)(bu)門依照(zhao)《中華人民(min)共(gong)和(he)(he)(he)國農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)質量安全法》有(you)關規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)處罰。