芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)是一(yi)種珍貴的食(shi)用(yong)菌，明、清時皆以“山(shan)珍”被列(lie)為(wei)貢品。1979年，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)縣(xian)利用(yong)金剛刺釀(niang)酒殘渣培育出猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)，而后經紫外線(xian)誘變選(xuan)育出“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)99號”菌株，至此常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)正式面世。1984年，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)在北(bei)京人民大(da)會(hui)堂舉行品嘗(chang)會(hui)，全國(guo)人大(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)委會(hui)副委員長嚴濟慈，全國(guo)政協副主席(xi)費(fei)孝通等大(da)批領導(dao)及知名人士參加，會(hui)上嚴濟慈題(ti)(ti)詞：“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、浙江(jiang)(jiang)一(yi)寶”。1985年，清宣(xuan)統帝溥儀之弟溥杰為(wei)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)題(ti)(ti)字：“山(shan)珍猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、海味燕(yan)窩”。 2006年，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)被浙江(jiang)(jiang)省農(nong)業廳評(ping)(ping)定為(wei)“浙江(jiang)(jiang)名菇(gu)”。2014年，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)縣(xian)政府(fu)將常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)提升到“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)三寶”高度(du)，進一(yi)步打造金名片。1987年，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)縣(xian)微生物總廠(chang)生產的“常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)江(jiang)(jiang)牌(pai)”猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)罐(guan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)、猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)干品榮獲“商業部(bu)優質產品”；2006年，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)被評(ping)(ping)為(wei)“浙江(jiang)(jiang)名菇(gu)”；2015年，常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)山(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)獲得國(guo)家農(nong)產品地理標(biao)志登記，“森力牌(pai)”猴(hou)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)菇(gu)榮獲第(di)十三屆中國(guo)國(guo)際農(nong)產品交易會(hui)金獎。

二(er).自(zi)然生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)和(he)人文歷(li)史因素

1、地(di)形地(di)貌：常(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣位(wei)于浙江西部(bu)，錢塘江上游(you)，自古有“四(si)省(sheng)通衢，兩浙首站”之稱。常(chang)山(shan)(shan)地(di)貌屬(shu)低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘陵(ling)型(xing)，地(di)勢南北(bei)高(gao)，中(zhong)間低(di)，由(you)西北(bei)向(xiang)東南傾斜，境(jing)(jing)域面(mian)積(ji)1099.07平方(fang)公里。境(jing)(jing)內多(duo)山(shan)(shan)，中(zhong)部(bu)為山(shan)(shan)間盆地(di)，最(zui)高(gao)海(hai)拔1395米(mi)，最(zui)低(di)海(hai)拔72米(mi)，山(shan)(shan)地(di)面(mian)積(ji)占全縣總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)74.57%，素(su)有“八山(shan)(shan)半水(shui)(shui)分半田(tian)”之說。 2、生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)(jing)：常(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣位(wei)于中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)北(bei)緣地(di)帶(dai)(dai)，生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)(jing)優(you)越(yue)，是國家級生(sheng)態(tai)示(shi)范區和浙江省(sheng)重要的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)屏(ping)障，全縣森(sen)林面(mian)積(ji)120.64萬畝，森(sen)林覆蓋率(lv)達(da)73.2%，出境(jing)(jing)水(shui)(shui)質達(da)到(dao)三(san)類水(shui)(shui)標準，常(chang)年空氣(qi)(qi)質量(liang)保持(chi)在二級以上，享有“綠色常(chang)山(shan)(shan)、天然氧吧”的(de)美譽。 3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)特征：常(chang)山(shan)(shan)縣屬(shu)亞(ya)熱帶(dai)(dai)季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，四(si)季(ji)(ji)分明，氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)適(shi)中(zhong)，熱資源較豐富；雨量(liang)充(chong)沛，雨熱同季(ji)(ji)，空氣(qi)(qi)濕潤。年平均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)17.4℃，極端最(zui)低(di)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-7.8℃，極端最(zui)高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)41.8℃；年降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)在1500～1900毫米(mi)左右，年平均濕度在73%～78%之間，年平均無(wu)霜期238天。

三.地域范圍

常山猴頭菇地理標志地域(yu)保護范圍為(wei)：地理坐標為(wei)東經118°15′～118°45′，北緯28°46′～29°13′之間。包括球川(chuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、白石鎮(zhen)(zhen)、青石鎮(zhen)(zhen)、招賢鎮(zhen)(zhen)、芳村鎮(zhen)(zhen)、輝(hui)埠(bu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、何家鄉(xiang)、同弓鄉(xiang)、新昌鄉(xiang)、大橋(qiao)頭鄉(xiang)、東案鄉(xiang)、金(jin)川(chuan)街(jie)(jie)道(dao)、紫(zi)港街(jie)(jie)道(dao)、天馬街(jie)(jie)道(dao)等14個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)（街(jie)(jie)道(dao)）180個(ge)行政(zheng)村。現有生產(chan)規(gui)模(mo)100公頃(qing)，栽培量750萬袋(dai)，年產(chan)鮮菇4500噸。保護規(gui)模(mo)面(mian)積20000公頃(qing)。

四.產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征(zheng)

1、形態特征 常山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇(gu)的鮮菇(gu)色(se)(se)澤(ze)潔白或(huo)淡黃色(se)(se)，外形頭(tou)狀、球(qiu)形至扁半球(qiu)形，無柄，直徑3～15cm，肉質(zhi)(zhi)細(xi)嫩，表(biao)面(mian)密布針形菌(jun)(jun)刺，菌(jun)(jun)刺長0.2～1.5cm。鮮品(pin)有(you)猴(hou)頭(tou)菇(gu)特有(you)清香，口感嫩滑(hua)，成熟后(hou)味微苦；干品(pin)呈淡黃色(se)(se)至黃褐(he)色(se)(se)，香味濃(nong)郁，味微苦。 2、品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)特色(se)(se) 常山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇(gu)營養(yang)豐富，富含(han)蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)、氨(an)基酸、維生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素以(yi)及(ji)鉀(jia)、鈣、鐵、鋅等微量元素，并(bing)含(han)有(you)猴(hou)頭(tou)菇(gu)多糖等活(huo)性成份。每100g干品(pin)含(han)蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)≥12.0克，脂(zhi)肪≥3.0克，粗(cu)多糖≥3.0克。 3、質(zhi)(zhi)量安全規定 常山猴(hou)頭(tou)菇(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產通過嚴格控(kong)制(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產過程，嚴禁(jin)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產、加工過程中(zhong)添(tian)加或(huo)使用有(you)害有(you)毒投入品(pin)，產品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量安全采(cai)取嚴格對猴(hou)頭(tou)菇(gu)產品(pin)蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)、粗(cu)多糖等理化指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)以(yi)及(ji)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)檢測、監控(kong)，衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)按(an)照GB 7096《食用菌(jun)(jun)衛(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)(biao)準》執行(xing)。

五.特定(ding)生產方式

（一(yi)(yi)(yi)）產(chan)(chan)地(di)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu): 常山(shan)猴頭菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)場地(di)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)(jing)良好、三(san)(san)級(ji)以上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)300米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)無(wu)各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)污水(shui)(shui)及(ji)其它污染源。生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區域環(huan)境(jing)(jing)應(ying)符合(he)NY 5010《無(wu)公害食(shi)(shi)品 蔬(shu)菜(cai)產(chan)(chan)地(di)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)條(tiao)件》的(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 （二(er)）栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：宜(yi)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong) “常山(shan)猴頭99號”等(deng)優良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 （三(san)(san)）生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)： 1、栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)季節。9月下旬(xun)至(zhi)10月中(zhong)旬(xun)制(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)，當年(nian)10月下旬(xun)至(zhi)翌年(nian)4月出(chu)(chu)(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。 2、栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)基質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)基質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)符合(he)NY 5099《無(wu)公害食(shi)(shi)品 食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)基質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安全技(ji)(ji)術(shu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)》規定(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。基質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配(pei)方(fang)：﹙1﹚棉籽(zi)殼70%、雜(za)(za)木屑15%、麩皮(pi)14%、石(shi)膏(gao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)輕(qing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)碳酸鈣1%。﹙2﹚甘蔗渣(zha)或(huo)(huo)(huo)玉米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)芯65%、雜(za)(za)木屑15%、麩皮(pi)14%、玉米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)粉5%、石(shi)膏(gao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)輕(qing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)碳酸鈣1%。 3、制(zhi)(zhi)袋(dai)(dai)(dai) （1）拌料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。根據配(pei)方(fang)將(jiang)(jiang)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)混(hun)合(he)，邊攪拌邊加(jia)適量水(shui)(shui)，使(shi)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)含水(shui)(shui)量為(wei)61%～63%（用(yong)(yong)(yong)手緊(jin)握料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，指縫間(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)珠(zhu)但不下滴），pH值為(wei)6.0～7.0。 （2）裝袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)規格為(wei)12.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)×55厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)×0.0045厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)聚乙烯塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)裝袋(dai)(dai)(dai)機將(jiang)(jiang)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)基質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)裝入塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)，松緊(jin)以培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)緊(jin)貼袋(dai)(dai)(dai)壁為(wei)度(du)(du)(du)。裝袋(dai)(dai)(dai)后(hou)(hou)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)濕(shi)重(zhong)(zhong)1400～1500克(ke)（折干料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)650～750克(ke)），料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)長(chang)(chang)42～44厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)；袋(dai)(dai)(dai)外壁培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)擦凈(jing)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)繩或(huo)(huo)(huo)鋁卡扎口(kou)。裝料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應(ying)在4小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)完(wan)成。 4、滅菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)和接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) （1）滅菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。裝料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)后(hou)(hou)應(ying)立即(ji)滅菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。每(mei)灶裝6000～7000袋(dai)(dai)(dai)，6小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)之(zhi)內(nei)(nei)升溫(wen)(wen)(wen)至(zhi)100℃，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)16～18小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)。停(ting)火后(hou)(hou)，當灶內(nei)(nei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)自然降至(zhi)80℃出(chu)(chu)(chu)灶，把(ba)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)搬到已清(qing)洗(xi)干凈(jing)并經(jing)消毒(du)的(de)冷(leng)卻(que)室內(nei)(nei)，“#”形(xing)堆疊冷(leng)卻(que)。 （2）接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)棒(bang)(bang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)冷(leng)卻(que)到28℃以下時(shi)(shi)，在接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)室、接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱按無(wu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)規程接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)側面(mian)(mian)均勻接(jie)三(san)(san)個穴點，穴直(zhi)徑1.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，深2厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左右，塊狀菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)填(tian)滿接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴，每(mei)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宜(yi)接(jie)12～14棒(bang)(bang)，接(jie)后(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)外套(tao)薄(bo)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。 5、培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang) （1）培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)室要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)室應(ying)清(qing)潔、干燥、遮(zhe)光(guang)、通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)，保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)好。 （2）培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)方(fang)法(fa)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)式發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，將(jiang)(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)逐(zhu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)橫(heng)放(fang)在栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)；采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)“#”形(xing)疊放(fang)發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，將(jiang)(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)從地(di)面(mian)(mian)起逐(zhu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)交錯堆放(fang)，高(gao)(gao)8～10層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。 （3）培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)管(guan)理。培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)宜(yi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在23～25℃，空氣(qi)(qi)相對濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)在65%～70%。整(zheng)個發菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)期(qi)應(ying)避光(guang)培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)，每(mei)天(tian)(tian)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)2次(ci)(ci)，每(mei)次(ci)(ci)10分(fen)鐘。接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)約(yue)10天(tian)(tian)，菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)落直(zhi)徑5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)左右時(shi)(shi)，脫去外袋(dai)(dai)(dai)，增(zeng)加(jia)穴口(kou)供氧量，同時(shi)(shi)，疏(shu)棒(bang)(bang)散熱、降低(di)堆高(gao)(gao)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)將(jiang)(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)疏(shu)散到架(jia)(jia)(jia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。在23～25℃的(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)下培(pei)(pei)(pei)養(yang)25～30天(tian)(tian)，菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)絲長(chang)(chang)滿菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)，即(ji)可(ke)轉(zhuan)入出(chu)(chu)(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)理。 6、出(chu)(chu)(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu) （1）菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房（棚(peng)(peng)）要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房（棚(peng)(peng)）應(ying)清(qing)潔、通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)、有(you)(you)適量散射光(guang)，并能控(kong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)、保(bao)(bao)濕(shi)。宜(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)平棚(peng)(peng)內(nei)(nei)搭建中(zhong)型塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)拱(gong)棚(peng)(peng)的(de)雙棚(peng)(peng)設(she)施栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)，外層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)平棚(peng)(peng)高(gao)(gao)2.5～3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，以立柱(zhu)支撐棚(peng)(peng)頂，立柱(zhu)行(xing)(xing)距(ju)(ju)4.6米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，柱(zhu)距(ju)(ju)2～3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，棚(peng)(peng)頂鋪遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網，棚(peng)(peng)四周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)(wei)遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網或(huo)(huo)(huo)草(cao)簾(lian)(lian)。2～6架(jia)(jia)(jia)內(nei)(nei)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)共用(yong)(yong)(yong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)架(jia)(jia)(jia)外蔭棚(peng)(peng)，較(jiao)利(li)于(yu)(yu)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)換(huan)氣(qi)(qi)。 （2）層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)個棚(peng)(peng)設(she)兩(liang)排層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)寬1米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，兩(liang)排層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)設(she)邊道兩(liang)條(tiao)各寬0.7米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)寬1.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)道，層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)間(jian)(jian)(jian)距(ju)(ju)28～30厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，共5～6層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，底(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)距(ju)(ju)地(di)面(mian)(mian)25厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，頂層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)離(li)(li)棚(peng)(peng)頂60厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。每(mei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)沿菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)縱向固定(ding)4根竹木或(huo)(huo)(huo)鋼(gang)管(guan)等(deng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)材(cai)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)擺放(fang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)。架(jia)(jia)(jia)柱(zhu)頂上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)綁扎竹片、木料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，呈拱(gong)形(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)脊形(xing)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)覆蓋薄(bo)膜(mo)。棚(peng)(peng)膜(mo)幅寬7.5～8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)長(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)(du)以20～30米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為(wei)宜(yi)。可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)毛竹、木料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等(deng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)架(jia)(jia)(jia)柱(zhu)，也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)管(guan)焊制(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)鋼(gang)筋混(hun)凝土預制(zhi)(zhi)。 （3）出(chu)(chu)(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)。適宜(yi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)16～20℃。 （4）出(chu)(chu)(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)理。將(jiang)(jiang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)單層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、臥(wo)排于(yu)(yu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)架(jia)(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，挖除表(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)老(lao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)塊，接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴口(kou)朝下。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)地(di)面(mian)(mian)灑水(shui)(shui)，微噴(pen)(pen)加(jia)濕(shi)，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房（棚(peng)(peng)）空氣(qi)(qi)濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)90%；保(bao)(bao)證有(you)(you)散射光(guang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)200～400勒(le)克(ke)斯光(guang)照度(du)(du)(du)，誘導原基形(xing)成。經(jing)4～5天(tian)(tian)，幼(you)蕾即(ji)從接(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴口(kou)長(chang)(chang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)。保(bao)(bao)持(chi)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)房（棚(peng)(peng)）空氣(qi)(qi)新(xin)鮮，無(wu)悶氣(qi)(qi)感，門窗掛(gua)遮(zhe)陽(yang)(yang)網、草(cao)簾(lian)(lian)，防止子(zi)實體(ti)被風(feng)(feng)直(zhi)吹。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)24℃時(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)掀(xian)開四周(zhou)(zhou)塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)薄(bo)膜(mo)，增(zeng)加(jia)對菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)(peng)及(ji)四周(zhou)(zhou)的(de)噴(pen)(pen)水(shui)(shui)次(ci)(ci)數和噴(pen)(pen)水(shui)(shui)量；溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)低(di)于(yu)(yu)10℃時(shi)(shi)，應(ying)加(jia)強保(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，適當密閉塑(su)(su)(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)薄(bo)膜(mo)，中(zhong)午溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)時(shi)(shi)掀(xian)開通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)。子(zi)實體(ti)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)階段(duan)，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)空間(jian)(jian)(jian)濕(shi)度(du)(du)(du)85%～90%。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蕾形(xing)成后(hou)(hou)，約(yue)經(jing)10天(tian)(tian)子(zi)實體(ti)發育(yu)成熟即(ji)可(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)。 7、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou) （1）采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。當菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)刺在0.2～1.5厘(li)(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，未彈射孢(bao)子(zi)前及(ji)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)。 （2）采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)方(fang)法(fa)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)手抓住(zhu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)輕(qing)輕(qing)扭(niu)轉(zhuan)拔下，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)大留小(xiao)(xiao)，除去菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)體(ti)基部雜(za)(za)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，按規格分(fen)級(ji)。 8、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)管(guan)理。前一(yi)(yi)(yi)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)清(qing)理出(chu)(chu)(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)口(kou)殘留物(wu)，停(ting)止噴(pen)(pen)水(shui)(shui)2～3天(tian)(tian)，并揭膜(mo)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)12小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，使(shi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)點及(ji)時(shi)(shi)風(feng)(feng)干，防止發霉(mei)(mei)，促(cu)進菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)絲積(ji)累養(yang)分(fen)。經(jing)2～3天(tian)(tian)養(yang)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)后(hou)(hou)，再重(zhong)(zhong)復第一(yi)(yi)(yi)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)法(fa)管(guan)理。經(jing)7～10天(tian)(tian)，第二(er)、三(san)(san)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蕾即(ji)可(ke)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)，按第一(yi)(yi)(yi)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)方(fang)法(fa)管(guan)理。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般可(ke)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)3～4潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)學(xue)效(xiao)率可(ke)達100%以上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。 9、分(fen)級(ji)。按感官指標分(fen)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)級(ji)、二(er)級(ji)和三(san)(san)級(ji) 10、衛生(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。應(ying)符合(he)GB 7096《食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衛生(sheng)(sheng)標準》規定(ding)。 11、檢驗方(fang)法(fa)、檢驗規則(ze)、標志、標簽、包裝、運輸、貯(zhu)存。按GB 7096《食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衛生(sheng)(sheng)標準》和NY 5095《無(wu)公害食(shi)(shi)品 食(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)》規定(ding)進行(xing)(xing)。 12、病(bing)蟲害防治 （1）主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)蟲害。病(bing)害以霉(mei)(mei)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(毛霉(mei)(mei)、脈孢(bao)霉(mei)(mei)、木霉(mei)(mei)、黃曲霉(mei)(mei))、細菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)性(xing)基腐病(bing)為(wei)主(zhu)，蟲害主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蠅、菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)蚊。 （2）預防方(fang)法(fa)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)是嚴格檢查(cha)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)源。二(er)是凈(jing)化栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)。每(mei)潮(chao)(chao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)清(qing)理菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)棒(bang)(bang)殘留的(de)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)根，減少污染源。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)廢(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)運離(li)(li)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)場地(di)。三(san)(san)是出(chu)(chu)(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)禁(jin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農藥，轉(zhuan)潮(chao)(chao)期(qi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)如需用(yong)(yong)(yong)藥，按GB/T 8321《農藥合(he)理使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)》規定(ding)執行(xing)(xing)。

六.包裝(zhuang)標識(shi)相關規定

按照(zhao)農(nong)(nong)業部(bu)(bu)關于(yu)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)關規定(ding)，對(dui)常(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)菇地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)做如下規定(ding)：凡在(zai)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)圍內生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)菇，并按照(zhao)常(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)菇生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)質(zhi)量(liang)控制規范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種植戶，在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品和(he)包裝上(shang)使用(yong)已獲得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)菇地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，須向登記證書持有(you)人(ren)(ren)(ren)提出申請，并簽(qian)訂相(xiang)關合同，按照(zhao)相(xiang)關要(yao)求規范(fan)(fan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)使用(yong)標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，統一采(cai)用(yong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品名稱和(he)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公共標(biao)識相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)識標(biao)注(zhu)。縣級以(yi)上(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民政府(fu)農(nong)(nong)業行(xing)(xing)政主管部(bu)(bu)門(men)對(dui)常(chang)山(shan)(shan)猴(hou)頭(tou)菇地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)負有(you)監(jian)督管理職能，定(ding)期對(dui)登記的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)域范(fan)(fan)圍、標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使用(yong)等進行(xing)(xing)監(jian)督檢查。鼓勵(li)單位(wei)和(he)個人(ren)(ren)(ren)對(dui)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進行(xing)(xing)社會監(jian)督。使用(yong)本地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營者，對(dui)地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)信譽負責，違反本規定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，由縣級以(yi)上(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民政府(fu)農(nong)(nong)業行(xing)(xing)政主管部(bu)(bu)門(men)依照(zhao)《中華(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民共和(he)國(guo)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang)安全法》有(you)關規定(ding)處罰。