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松(song)陽茶葉(xie)(xie)在中(zhong)國(guo)古代(dai)茶林(lin)中(zhong)獨樹一幟。早在三國(guo)時期，松(song)陽就(jiu)開始(shi)出(chu)產茶葉(xie)(xie)，到了(le)唐代(dai)已很興(xing)盛。唐朝大詩人戴叔倫任東陽縣令(ling)期間(jian)，曾(ceng)訪松(song)陽橫(heng)山寺，老(lao)僧人奉上一碗當地產的橫(heng)山茶。

歷史

戴叔(shu)倫(lun)沉(chen)醉于(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)香(xiang)，不(bu)(bu)覺日(ri)落西山(shan)，不(bu)(bu)勝感慨(kai)，乃(nai)(nai)賦詩(shi)《橫山(shan)》：“偶入橫山(shan)寺，溪深路(lu)更(geng)(geng)幽。露涵松(song)(song)翠滴，風涌浪花浮。老(lao)衲(na)供茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)碗，斜陽(yang)(yang)(yang)送客舟。自緣歸(gui)思促，不(bu)(bu)得更(geng)(geng)遲留。”至宋代，松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)飲(yin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之風日(ri)甚，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道盛行，僧侶、文(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)樂于(yu)“斗(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”(即表演茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道)而不(bu)(bu)疲。松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)祖(zu)謙禪師曾居西屏(ping)山(shan)白(bai)鶴(he)(he)殿修行，他是(shi)當時(shi)有(you)名的(de)(de)“斗(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”高手(shou)，其與大詩(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)蘇(su)軾友(you)善。一日(ri)，與蘇(su)東(dong)坡(po)相(xiang)會(hui)(hui)敘(xu)話，并為(wei)(wei)(wei)蘇(su)東(dong)坡(po)“斗(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”。東(dong)坡(po)先生(sheng)欽佩(pei)祖(zu)謙茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道精深，乃(nai)(nai)贈詩(shi)《西屏(ping)山(shan)》：“道人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)曉出西屏(ping)山(shan)，來(lai)施(shi)點(dian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)三昧手(shou)。忽驚午盞兔毫斑，打作春甕鵝(e)兒酒。天(tian)臺乳花世不(bu)(bu)見(jian)，玉(yu)川鳳液(ye)今(jin)何有(you)？東(dong)坡(po)有(you)意續(xu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經，要使祖(zu)謙名不(bu)(bu)朽。”據說(shuo)，后人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)整理(li)西屏(ping)山(shan)白(bai)鶴(he)(he)殿地基(ji)時(shi)，發(fa)現一石(shi)碑上(shang)刻(ke)有(you)蘇(su)軾的(de)(de)這首詩(shi)。邑人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)明(ming)代貢生(sheng)詹嘉卿在(zai)(zai)《萬壽山(shan)》一詩(shi)中云：“空(kong)廚(chu)竹(zhu)畔無煙火，細和(he)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)聲(sheng)有(you)竹(zhu)雞。”描寫(xie)了(le)煮(zhu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)聲(sheng)和(he)雞鳴聲(sheng)相(xiang)和(he)的(de)(de)悠閑田園(yuan)生(sheng)活，可見(jian)當時(shi)飲(yin)用茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)在(zai)(zai)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)尋常百姓家已是(shi)普遍現象。清代鄉賢周圣教在(zai)(zai)《西屏(ping)山(shan)懷古》詩(shi)中寫(xie)到(dao)：“汲水煮(zhu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)氣(qi)味清，一飲(yin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)疑有(you)仙骨(gu)”。品飲(yin)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，能令人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)神清氣(qi)爽，足見(jian)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)極(ji)佳品質。松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)化源遠流長，用茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)民俗別具(ju)一格，歷代相(xiang)沿成習，形成了(le)獨特的(de)(de)地域文(wen)化。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉影(ying)響了(le)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民1800多年的(de)(de)社會(hui)(hui)生(sheng)活，也影(ying)響了(le)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)1800多年的(de)(de)傳統(tong)文(wen)化。時(shi)至今(jin)日(ri)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉與人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)關(guan)系更(geng)(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)緊密，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)日(ri)常生(sheng)活離不(bu)(bu)開(kai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉。松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)對當地老(lao)百姓生(sheng)產(chan)、生(sheng)活的(de)(de)影(ying)響尤(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)深刻(ke)。到(dao)2010年，全縣已有(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉面積11.02萬畝，逾8萬多農民從事(shi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)業(ye)，產(chan)值近2億元，發(fa)展茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)業(ye)已成為(wei)(wei)(wei)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)農民增收的(de)(de)主要渠道。松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之所以(yi)在(zai)(zai)今(jin)日(ri)能廣(guang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)知(zhi)，行銷全國，不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)源于(yu)現實社會(hui)(hui)對茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉的(de)(de)大量需求，更(geng)(geng)源于(yu)松(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)傳統(tong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)化的(de)(de)厚(hou)積薄發(fa)。

傳說

相傳，唐景龍年間(jian)(jian)，浙(zhe)西(xi)一(yi)帶遭受(shou)(shou)瘟(wen)疫(yi)之(zhi)災，松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)染疫(yi)者(zhe)甚多(duo)，許多(duo)百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)家(jia)庭(ting)因此(ci)人(ren)(ren)亡(wang)家(jia)破。眾多(duo)患(huan)者(zhe)求治于民(min)間(jian)(jian)郎(lang)中，郎(lang)中們無術可施(shi)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)心(xin)惶惶，只見(jian)患(huan)者(zhe)日(ri)漸(jian)增(zeng)多(duo)，疫(yi)情日(ri)益嚴重。在武當山游訪的(de)葉法(fa)善聞知故土松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)遭受(shou)(shou)瘟(wen)疫(yi)，立(li)即趕回(hui)松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)卯(mao)(mao)山，召集(ji)眾多(duo)道士采(cai)制卯(mao)(mao)山仙茶(cha)，煮卯(mao)(mao)山仙泉泡茶(cha)，并開觀施(shi)茶(cha)七(qi)七(qi)四十九天。當地百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)聞迅紛(fen)紛(fen)前往(wang)討取卯(mao)(mao)山仙茶(cha)水，許多(duo)患(huan)者(zhe)飲用數(shu)次后，漸(jian)有好轉終(zhong)至痊愈。一(yi)度(du)肆虐(nve)蔓延的(de)瘟(wen)疫(yi)終(zhong)被(bei)降服。葉法(fa)善因此(ci)被(bei)松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)百(bai)(bai)姓(xing)(xing)(xing)奉(feng)為濟(ji)世(shi)救俗(su)的(de)“葉天師(shi)”，后來各地紛(fen)紛(fen)建(jian)立(li)“天師(shi)殿”，供人(ren)(ren)們敬奉(feng)。截至2010年松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)縣境(jing)內仍有多(duo)處“天師(shi)殿”及其遺跡(ji)，在當地依然流傳著(zhu)葉天師(shi)施(shi)茶(cha)消災的(de)傳說。這些(xie)“天師(shi)殿”弘揚了葉法(fa)善助人(ren)(ren)救世(shi)的(de)松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)茶(cha)道精(jing)神。

發展

據(ju)當今《松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)志》記載，1929年松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)在(zai)西湖國際博覽會上(shang)(shang)獲一等(deng)獎，從此，松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)在(zai)國際上(shang)(shang)名(ming)聲遠揚(yang)。抗(kang)日戰爭(zheng)時期(qi)，為避(bi)戰亂(luan)，浙江(jiang)省農業改(gai)進所曾遷松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，并在(zai)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)建(jian)立過(guo)橫(heng)(heng)山試驗茶(cha)(cha)場和橫(heng)(heng)山制(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)廠，以作(zuo)(zuo)改(gai)良(liang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)品種(zhong)、提高(gao)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)品質之示范(fan)，提高(gao)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)農的栽培、采摘、制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)等(deng)技術水(shui)平，推動松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)品質的改(gai)良(liang)。20世紀60年代(dai)，赤壽公社紅連大(da)隊開墾出(chu)百(bai)余畝“紅連示范(fan)茶(cha)(cha)園”，在(zai)其(qi)帶動下，幾年間全縣(xian)規范(fan)茶(cha)(cha)園面(mian)積(ji)達到近萬畝。在(zai)松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)傳統制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)藝(yi)的基(ji)礎上(shang)(shang)，松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)農業局于(yu)20世紀80年代(dai)初組織研(yan)制(zhi)生產出(chu)了“松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)銀猴”新品。從2002年以來，“松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)銀猴”的知名(ming)度、美譽度不(bu)斷(duan)提高(gao)，2003年被評為省名(ming)牌產品，2004年被評為浙江(jiang)十大(da)名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)人對松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)的不(bu)斷(duan)研(yan)究(jiu)開發，傳承了傳統松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)的制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)工(gong)藝(yi)，弘揚(yang)了松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的茶(cha)(cha)道精神(shen)，促進了松(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)產業的不(bu)斷(duan)發展壯大(da)。