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松(song)陽(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)在中國(guo)古代茶(cha)(cha)林中獨(du)樹一幟(zhi)。早在三國(guo)時期(qi)(qi)，松(song)陽(yang)(yang)就(jiu)開始出產(chan)茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)，到了唐代已很興盛(sheng)。唐朝大(da)詩人戴叔倫(lun)任(ren)東陽(yang)(yang)縣令期(qi)(qi)間，曾訪松(song)陽(yang)(yang)橫(heng)山(shan)寺，老僧人奉(feng)上一碗當(dang)地產(chan)的橫(heng)山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)。

歷史

戴叔倫沉(chen)醉于(yu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)香，不(bu)覺日落西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，不(bu)勝感(gan)慨，乃(nai)賦詩《橫山(shan)(shan)(shan)》：“偶入橫山(shan)(shan)(shan)寺，溪(xi)深(shen)路更幽。露涵松(song)(song)翠滴，風涌浪花(hua)浮。老衲供(gong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)碗，斜陽送客舟。自(zi)緣歸(gui)思促，不(bu)得更遲留。”至(zhi)宋(song)代(dai)，松(song)(song)陽飲茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之風日甚(shen)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道盛行(xing)，僧侶、文(wen)(wen)人(ren)樂于(yu)“斗(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”(即表演(yan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道)而(er)不(bu)疲。松(song)(song)陽人(ren)祖謙禪師曾居西(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)白鶴殿(dian)(dian)修行(xing)，他是(shi)當時(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“斗(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”高手(shou)，其與大(da)詩人(ren)蘇軾友(you)善。一(yi)(yi)日，與蘇東(dong)坡(po)相會(hui)敘(xu)話，并為(wei)(wei)蘇東(dong)坡(po)“斗(dou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”。東(dong)坡(po)先生(sheng)欽佩祖謙茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)道精深(shen)，乃(nai)贈詩《西(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)》：“道人(ren)曉出西(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，來施點(dian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)三昧手(shou)。忽驚午盞兔毫斑，打作春甕鵝兒酒。天(tian)臺乳(ru)花(hua)世不(bu)見，玉川鳳液(ye)今(jin)何有(you)(you)？東(dong)坡(po)有(you)(you)意續茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)經，要使祖謙名(ming)不(bu)朽。”據說，后人(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)整理西(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)白鶴殿(dian)(dian)地基時(shi)(shi)，發現(xian)(xian)一(yi)(yi)石碑上刻有(you)(you)蘇軾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)這首詩。邑人(ren)明代(dai)貢生(sheng)詹嘉卿(qing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)《萬(wan)壽山(shan)(shan)(shan)》一(yi)(yi)詩中(zhong)云：“空廚竹畔無煙火，細和(he)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)聲有(you)(you)竹雞(ji)。”描寫了煮茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)聲和(he)雞(ji)鳴(ming)聲相和(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)悠(you)閑田園(yuan)生(sheng)活，可見當時(shi)(shi)飲用(yong)(yong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)在(zai)(zai)(zai)松(song)(song)陽尋常百姓家已(yi)是(shi)普遍現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)。清代(dai)鄉賢周圣教在(zai)(zai)(zai)《西(xi)屏(ping)(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)懷(huai)古》詩中(zhong)寫到(dao)(dao)：“汲水煮茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)氣味(wei)清，一(yi)(yi)飲人(ren)疑有(you)(you)仙骨(gu)”。品飲松(song)(song)陽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，能令人(ren)神清氣爽，足見松(song)(song)陽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)極佳品質。松(song)(song)陽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)(wen)化源遠流長，用(yong)(yong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)民俗別具一(yi)(yi)格，歷代(dai)相沿成習(xi)，形成了獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地域文(wen)(wen)化。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)影(ying)響(xiang)了松(song)(song)陽人(ren)民1800多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)生(sheng)活，也影(ying)響(xiang)了松(song)(song)陽1800多年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統文(wen)(wen)化。時(shi)(shi)至(zhi)今(jin)日，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)與人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系更為(wei)(wei)緊(jin)密，人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日常生(sheng)活離不(bu)開茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)。松(song)(song)陽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)對當地老百姓生(sheng)產(chan)、生(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)尤為(wei)(wei)深(shen)刻。到(dao)(dao)2010年，全縣已(yi)有(you)(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)面(mian)積(ji)11.02萬(wan)畝(mu)，逾8萬(wan)多農民從事茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)業(ye)，產(chan)值近2億(yi)元，發展茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)業(ye)已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)松(song)(song)陽農民增(zeng)收的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要渠道。松(song)(song)陽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)之所以在(zai)(zai)(zai)今(jin)日能廣為(wei)(wei)人(ren)知，行(xing)銷全國(guo)，不(bu)僅(jin)源于(yu)現(xian)(xian)實社(she)會(hui)對茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)量需(xu)求，更源于(yu)松(song)(song)陽傳統茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)文(wen)(wen)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚積(ji)薄發。

傳說

相傳(chuan)(chuan)，唐(tang)景龍年(nian)間(jian)，浙西一帶遭受(shou)瘟疫之災，松(song)陽百姓(xing)染(ran)疫者(zhe)甚多(duo)，許多(duo)百姓(xing)家(jia)庭因(yin)(yin)此人亡家(jia)破。眾多(duo)患者(zhe)求治于民間(jian)郎(lang)中，郎(lang)中們無(wu)術可(ke)施(shi)。松(song)陽百姓(xing)人心惶惶，只見患者(zhe)日漸增多(duo)，疫情日益嚴重。在武(wu)當(dang)山(shan)游訪的(de)葉法(fa)善(shan)(shan)聞知故土松(song)陽遭受(shou)瘟疫，立即(ji)趕回松(song)陽卯山(shan)，召集眾多(duo)道士采制(zhi)卯山(shan)仙(xian)茶，煮卯山(shan)仙(xian)泉泡茶，并開觀施(shi)茶七(qi)七(qi)四(si)十九天(tian)。當(dang)地(di)百姓(xing)聞迅紛紛前(qian)往討取卯山(shan)仙(xian)茶水，許多(duo)患者(zhe)飲用數(shu)次后，漸有好轉終至痊愈(yu)。一度肆虐蔓延的(de)瘟疫終被(bei)降服(fu)。葉法(fa)善(shan)(shan)因(yin)(yin)此被(bei)松(song)陽百姓(xing)奉為(wei)濟(ji)世救(jiu)俗的(de)“葉天(tian)師(shi)(shi)(shi)”，后來(lai)各地(di)紛紛建立“天(tian)師(shi)(shi)(shi)殿(dian)(dian)”，供人們敬奉。截至2010年(nian)松(song)陽縣境(jing)內仍有多(duo)處“天(tian)師(shi)(shi)(shi)殿(dian)(dian)”及其(qi)遺跡，在當(dang)地(di)依然流傳(chuan)(chuan)著葉天(tian)師(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)茶消災的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)說。這(zhe)些“天(tian)師(shi)(shi)(shi)殿(dian)(dian)”弘揚了葉法(fa)善(shan)(shan)助人救(jiu)世的(de)松(song)陽茶道精神(shen)。

發展

據(ju)當今《松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)志》記載，1929年松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)在(zai)西湖國(guo)際博覽會上獲一等獎，從此，松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)在(zai)國(guo)際上名(ming)(ming)聲(sheng)遠揚。抗日戰爭時期(qi)，為避戰亂，浙(zhe)江省農(nong)業改(gai)進(jin)所曾遷松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，并(bing)在(zai)松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)建立過橫(heng)山(shan)試(shi)驗(yan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)場和橫(heng)山(shan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)廠，以作(zuo)改(gai)良(liang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)品(pin)(pin)種、提(ti)高(gao)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)品(pin)(pin)質之(zhi)示范(fan)，提(ti)高(gao)松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)農(nong)的栽培、采摘、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)等技(ji)術水平，推動(dong)松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)品(pin)(pin)質的改(gai)良(liang)。20世紀60年代，赤(chi)壽公(gong)社(she)紅連(lian)大(da)(da)隊開墾出(chu)百余畝“紅連(lian)示范(fan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園”，在(zai)其帶(dai)動(dong)下，幾年間全縣(xian)規范(fan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園面積(ji)達到近萬(wan)畝。在(zai)松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)傳統制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)工(gong)藝(yi)的基(ji)礎上，松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)農(nong)業局(ju)于20世紀80年代初組織(zhi)研制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)出(chu)了“松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)銀(yin)猴(hou)”新品(pin)(pin)。從2002年以來，“松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)銀(yin)猴(hou)”的知名(ming)(ming)度(du)、美譽(yu)度(du)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提(ti)高(gao)，2003年被(bei)評(ping)為省名(ming)(ming)牌產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，2004年被(bei)評(ping)為浙(zhe)江十大(da)(da)名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)。松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)人(ren)對松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)的不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)研究開發，傳承(cheng)了傳統松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)的制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)工(gong)藝(yi)，弘揚了松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的茶(cha)(cha)(cha)道(dao)精神，促進(jin)了松(song)(song)(song)(song)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業的不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)發展壯(zhuang)大(da)(da)。