一.產品介紹
胡陽西(xi)紅(hong)(hong)柿遠銷北京、邯鄲、大連(lian)、哈爾濱、蘇州、上(shang)海(hai)、廣州和俄羅斯等國(guo)內外市場(chang),品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質在國(guo)內市場(chang)有(you)很高(gao)的口碑。目前(qian),胡陽西(xi)紅(hong)(hong)柿擁有(you)8個(ge)綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)商標(biao),2013年(nian)(nian)獲得中(zhong)國(guo)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)認證,被評為2015年(nian)(nian)全(quan)國(guo)互聯網地標(biao)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(蔬菜)50強,在2015年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)區域公用(yong)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌價值(zhi)(zhi)評估(gu)中(zhong)獲得價值(zhi)(zhi)2.47億元(yuan)。
二(er).自然生態環境(jing)
1、土壤(rang)地貌情況:胡陽鎮地處沂蒙山南麓,土壤(rang)主要為潮土類,沙壤(rang)土,土層(ceng)深厚肥(fei)沃,有機質1-1.2%、速(su)效氮85-100mg/kg、速(su)效磷25-51mg/kg、速(su)效鉀(jia)95-128.5mg/kg,有機鉀(jia)含量很高(gao),非常適合(he)種植西紅柿(shi),所產西紅柿(shi)色澤(ze)艷麗、形態端正、甜酸(suan)適口、生食口感好。
2、水(shui)(shui)文資源:境(jing)內河流有祊河、浚(jun)河、胡陽河、沂龍河,大型水(shui)(shui)庫兩座、中(zhong)小型水(shui)(shui)庫塘壩(ba)30余(yu)處(chu),地下水(shui)(shui)源豐富,境(jing)內沂龍天泉水(shui)(shui)被列為臨(lin)沂市政(zheng)府專用(yong)(yong)飲用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui),基地灌(guan)溉用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)全部為地下水(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)質純凈,且經過萬畝中(zhong)低產田改造工程綜合開發后,路(lu)渠配套,灌(guan)溉便利。
3、氣(qi)候情(qing)況(kuang):屬暖溫帶半濕潤(run)大陸性季(ji)風氣(qi)侯區,常年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)851毫米,無霜期202天,夏(xia)季(ji)高溫多雨,冬(dong)季(ji)干旱少雨,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫14.1℃左(zuo)右,最高36℃,最低-12.6℃,年(nian)(nian)均日照2421小時,平(ping)均相對濕度65%,空氣(qi)清(qing)(qing)潔,光(guang)照充足,晝(zhou)夜溫差大,水(shui)質清(qing)(qing)純,土(tu)壤有機質含量(liang)豐富(fu)。具有豐富(fu)的(de)光(guang)、熱(re)、水(shui)資源。
三.地域范圍
費(fei)(fei)縣位(wei)于山東省的東南部,西紅柿種(zhong)植(zhi)歷史悠久(jiu),面積(ji)大,以胡陽(yang)鎮(zhen)為(wei)中心,現已發(fa)展到全縣6個鄉鎮(zhen)。“胡陽(yang)西紅柿”的地(di)(di)域保(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍為(wei)山東省費(fei)(fei)縣境(jing)內,東至薛(xue)莊鎮(zhen)顏林村,西至費(fei)(fei)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)王家(jia)莊村,北至上冶鎮(zhen)大仲口村,南至胡陽(yang)鎮(zhen)北尹村。地(di)(di)理(li)坐標為(wei)北緯35°10ˊ-35°27ˊ,東經117°30ˊ-118°09ˊ,海拔高度為(wei)110米-187.4米之(zhi)間。地(di)(di)域保(bao)護(hu)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積(ji)為(wei)2000公(gong)頃,總(zong)生產面積(ji)3萬畝(mu),年生產總(zong)量為(wei)30萬噸。
四.產品品質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征
1、外在(zai)感官(guan)特征:胡陽西紅(hong)柿(shi)果(guo)型圓(yuan)整、大小均勻(yun)、單(dan)果(guo)重(zhong)250左右,差異不超過果(guo)重(zhong)平(ping)均值的(de)(de)5%。顏色粉紅(hong)透亮,甜酸適(shi)口、生(sheng)食口感清香(xiang)沙口,硬度好。 4.2 內(nei)在(zai)品質(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao):胡陽西紅(hong)柿(shi)內(nei)含維生(sheng)素C14mg/100g ~15mg/100g,可溶性固形物≥6.0%,總(zong)酸≤1.0%,番茄(qie)紅(hong)素8.0mg/100g ~9.0mg/100g。 4.3 安(an)全要求(qiu):“胡陽西紅(hong)柿(shi)”必須達到農業部“綠(lv)色食品西紅(hong)柿(shi)”的(de)(de)衛生(sheng)指(zhi)標(biao)。有《農產品質(zhi)量安(an)全法》第三(san)十(shi)三(san)條規定情(qing)形的(de)(de)不得上市銷售。
五.特定生產方(fang)式
1、產(chan)地(di):“胡陽西紅(hong)柿(shi)”的產(chan)地(di)選擇旱能(neng)澆(jiao)、澇能(neng)排,土壤(rang)條(tiao)件良好、灌溉水無(wu)污染,遠離廠礦企業,大氣、土壤(rang)、水質等(deng)環境(jing)條(tiao)件均符(fu)合國家綠色食(shi)品原料生產(chan)基地(di)環境(jing)質量標準的地(di)域。
2、品種:選擇(ze)耐低溫、抗(kang)病(bing)、連續坐果(guo)能力強,顏(yan)色好,產量高,后期不歇秧的品種:如(ru)金棚一號、魯番茄七(qi)號等。
3、育苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)與(yu)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi):3.1、育苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao):用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)50-55℃溫開水(shui)燙(tang)種(zhong)消毒10分(fen)(fen)鐘,不(bu)斷攪拌以防燙(tang)傷(shang)。然(ran)后(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)約30℃溫水(shui)浸4 -6小(xiao)時(shi),搓洗干凈,澇(lao)起瀝干,在28-30℃的(de)(de)恒溫箱或溫暖(nuan)處保(bao)濕催(cui)芽(ya),20小(xiao)時(shi)開始發(fa)芽(ya)。 3.2、定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi): 苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)子三(san)葉(xie)一(yi)心,苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)齡30天左右就要定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)齡太大易形成老化(hua)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),影(ying)響產量(liang)(liang)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)一(yi)要稀植(zhi)(zhi),株距30-35公分(fen)(fen);二要淺栽,土坨(tuo)與(yu)地(di)(di)(di)面持平(ping);溝內施(shi)(shi)生(sheng)物菌肥(fei)(fei)(fei),能(neng)促(cu)根(gen)(gen)、壯苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)、抗重茬、防線(xian)蟲(chong)(chong)、防死(si)棵。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)要一(yi)次澆(jiao)足澆(jiao)透(tou),要放大水(shui),確(que)保(bao)坐果前不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)再澆(jiao)水(shui);定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)多劃鋤(chu),促(cu)進(jin)根(gen)(gen)系(xi)生(sheng)長(chang),10-15天后(hou)蓋地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo),地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)蓋早了,表層地(di)(di)(di)溫高(gao),根(gen)(gen)扎的(de)(de)淺,冬季易受凍。3.3、施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei):底肥(fei)(fei)(fei)要用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、生(sheng)物菌肥(fei)(fei)(fei)三(san)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)結合。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)植(zhi)(zhi)物秸桿反應(ying)堆技(ji)術,有(you)(you)機圈肥(fei)(fei)(fei)發(fa)酵后(hou)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),畝用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)8-10方(fang),化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遵循“控(kong)氮(肥(fei)(fei)(fei))、減磷(肥(fei)(fei)(fei))、增鉀(肥(fei)(fei)(fei))、補微(wei)量(liang)(liang)元素(鈣、鋅、硼、鎂)”的(de)(de)原則,均勻撒施(shi)(shi)后(hou)深翻(fan)地(di)(di)(di)。3.4、田間管(guan)理(li): 防病(bing)、治蟲(chong)(chong)、防徒長(chang),防澇(lao)、澆(jiao)水(shui)、防早衰。適(shi)時(shi)灌水(shui)及時(shi)排(pai)澇(lao):根(gen)(gen)據季節和土壤含水(shui)量(liang)(liang)確(que)定(ding)(ding)灌水(shui)時(shi)間。病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)綜合防治:采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人工、物理(li)、生(sheng)物措施(shi)(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong),減少化(hua)學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)次數,充分(fen)(fen)保(bao)護利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)天敵。嚴禁使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)毒、高(gao)殘留(liu)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao),推廣使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)低(di)毒、低(di)殘留(liu)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)和生(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。縣農(nong)(nong)業(ye)局設(she)立了農(nong)(nong)產品檢測中心和農(nong)(nong)資配送(song)站,編(bian)發(fa)了《優(you)質(zhi)西(xi)紅柿標準化(hua)管(guan)理(li)規程》等(deng)技(ji)術資料,對基地(di)(di)(di)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)投入品定(ding)(ding)點供應(ying),實行建檔登記。3.5、適(shi)時(shi)采收、分(fen)(fen)級(ji)包裝、保(bao)鮮運輸:據品種(zhong)特(te)性適(shi)時(shi)采收,分(fen)(fen)級(ji)包裝后(hou)上市(shi)或冷庫(ku)預冷后(hou)上市(shi)。