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一.產品介紹

長(chang)(chang)樂(le)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)歷(li)史悠(you)久，百年(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)古樹達2000多株，青(qing)山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)具有(you)晚熟、核(he)小(xiao)、肉厚、質(zhi)(zhi)脆(cui)、味香的(de)(de)(de)特性(xing)，據文獻記(ji)載，應(ying)始(shi)于唐宋時期(qi)(qi)。《福建通志》載：“長(chang)(chang)樂(le)青(qing)山(shan)(shan)下村(cun)為宋大儒黃(huang)(huang)勉（朱熹的(de)(de)(de)學生）的(de)(de)(de)故居，舊傳黃(huang)(huang)勉齋(zhai)有(you)手植一(yi)株龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)品質(zhi)(zhi)絕(jue)佳。”宋朝時，青(qing)山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)就開始(shi)作為貢(gong)品進貢(gong)朝廷，宋光(guang)宗(zong)皇帝曾賜(si)匾青(qing)山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)為“黃(huang)(huang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)”（因青(qing)山(shan)(shan)黃(huang)(huang)勉齋(zhai)進貢(gong)的(de)(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)）。明弘治《劉志》物產篇有(you)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載，賦貢(gong)篇也記(ji)述長(chang)(chang)樂(le)生產的(de)(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)和(he)寶圓(yuan)(yuan)（龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)干(gan)）曾定額進貢(gong)朝延(yan)，可(ke)(ke)見當時龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)之盛，據清同治用彭老藻、楊希(xi)潤所修的(de)(de)(de)《長(chang)(chang)樂(le)縣志》記(ji)載：“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)大寸許者為寶圓(yuan)(yuan)，樹徑三(san)接(jie)者為頂圓(yuan)(yuan)，樹未接(jie)者曰野(ye)老，核(he)初種(zhong)經十年(nian)(nian)始(shi)實(shi)，實(shi)甚小(xiao)者俗(su)呼“椒眼(yan)(yan)”。可(ke)(ke)見在(zai)明、清時期(qi)(qi)，長(chang)(chang)樂(le)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)已盛行高空壓條方法(fa)，推廣繁(fan)殖大量的(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)(zhi)良(liang)種(zhong)。90年(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)后，我市(shi)大面(mian)積(ji)發展龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)種(zhong)植，現在(zai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)已經成(cheng)為我市(shi)最主要的(de)(de)(de)果類，長(chang)(chang)樂(le)市(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)面(mian)積(ji)3000公頃，其中(zhong)采摘(zhai)面(mian)積(ji)2900公頃，年(nian)(nian)產量28300噸(dun)，年(nian)(nian)收入16980萬(wan)元。占全市(shi)果樹栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)總面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)55％以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)。成(cheng)熟期(qi)(qi)主要集(ji)中(zhong)在(zai)9月(yue)中(zhong)旬－10月(yue)中(zhong)旬。產品主要銷往長(chang)(chang)樂(le)當地及福州市(shi)場(chang)。

二.自然生態環(huan)境和(he)人文歷史因素

1、土壤地(di)(di)貌(mao)情況：長樂(le)市地(di)(di)貌(mao)屬(shu)福建省東部沿海花崗巖低山丘陵及沖積海積平原區(qu)，北部臨江、東部和南(nan)(nan)部瀕(bin)海，西面靠(kao)山，地(di)(di)勢由南(nan)(nan)部與中部向北部及東部漸次下(xia)降(jiang)。長樂(le)主(zhu)要有6種地(di)(di)貌(mao)類型：丘陵山地(di)(di)、平原、砂丘、河谷(gu)盆地(di)(di)、島嶼與灘涂、河心洲。土壤的pH值在(zai)5.5-6.5之間，有機質含(han)量在(zai)1.5-2.5%之間，富含(han)硼等多種微量元素。 

2、水文情況：長樂市屬于(yu)亞熱帶海(hai)洋性季(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)，全(quan)年(nian)(nian)溫濕多雨(yu)(yu)。年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)均(jun)在(zai)1200-1500毫(hao)(hao)米之間，多年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)1358.7毫(hao)(hao)米，多年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)水9.052億立方米，全(quan)市多年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)(nian)徑流深647毫(hao)(hao)米，徑流分(fen)布由(you)西南向東北(bei)遞減，沿海(hai)地區和海(hai)島(dao)比較(jiao)缺水，在(zai)北(bei)部的大(da)埔尾(wei)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)近(jin)1800毫(hao)(hao)米，沿海(hai)島(dao)嶼平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)為(wei)1100毫(hao)(hao)米。境(jing)內(nei)地區降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)具(ju)有雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)多、強度大(da)、年(nian)(nian)際變化(hua)大(da)、年(nian)(nian)內(nei)分(fen)配(pei)不均(jun)勻、地域(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)變化(hua)懸殊(shu)等特點。 

3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況：長(chang)樂市(shi)屬于亞(ya)熱帶海洋性(xing)季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)，年平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫19.5℃，降(jiang)水(shui)量1358.7毫(hao)米，日照時數1665.1小時。主要自然災害為風(feng)災（臺風(feng)）、水(shui)災、旱(han)災。 

4、人文歷史情況(kuang)：長(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)栽培龍(long)(long)眼(yan)歷史悠久，據文獻記載，應始(shi)于唐(tang)宋(song)時(shi)期。《福建通志(zhi)》載：“長(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)青(qing)(qing)(qing)山(shan)下村(cun)為(wei)(wei)宋(song)大(da)儒黃(huang)勉(mian)（朱熹的(de)學生(sheng)）的(de)故居，舊傳(chuan)黃(huang)勉(mian)齋(zhai)有(you)手植一株(zhu)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)品質絕(jue)佳。”宋(song)朝時(shi)，青(qing)(qing)(qing)山(shan)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)就開始(shi)作為(wei)(wei)貢(gong)品進貢(gong)朝延，宋(song)光宗皇(huang)帝曾賜匾青(qing)(qing)(qing)山(shan)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)為(wei)(wei)“黃(huang)龍(long)(long)”（因青(qing)(qing)(qing)山(shan)黃(huang)勉(mian)齋(zhai)進貢(gong)的(de)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)）。明(ming)弘治(zhi)《劉志(zhi)》物(wu)產篇有(you)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)的(de)記載，賦(fu)貢(gong)篇也記述長(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)生(sheng)產的(de)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)和寶圓（龍(long)(long)眼(yan)干）曾定額進貢(gong)朝延，可(ke)見當時(shi)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)栽培之(zhi)盛(sheng)(sheng)，據清(qing)同治(zhi)用(yong)彭(peng)老藻、楊希潤所修(xiu)的(de)《長(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)縣志(zhi)》記載：“龍(long)(long)眼(yan)大(da)寸許者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)寶圓，樹(shu)徑三(san)接(jie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)為(wei)(wei)頂圓，樹(shu)未接(jie)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰野老，核初種經十年始(shi)實，實甚(shen)小者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)俗(su)呼“椒眼(yan)”。可(ke)見在(zai)明(ming)、清(qing)時(shi)期，長(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)栽培已盛(sheng)(sheng)行高空壓(ya)條方法(fa)，推廣繁殖大(da)量(liang)的(de)優質良(liang)種。90年以后，我市(shi)大(da)面積(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)種植，現在(zai)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)已經成為(wei)(wei)我市(shi)最主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)果(guo)類，長(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)市(shi)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)栽培面積(ji)3000公(gong)頃(qing)，其中(zhong)采摘面積(ji)2900公(gong)頃(qing)，年產量(liang)28300噸，年收入16980萬(wan)元。占全市(shi)果(guo)樹(shu)栽培總面積(ji)的(de)55％以上。成熟期主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)9月中(zhong)旬(xun)-10月中(zhong)旬(xun)。產品主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)銷往(wang)長(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)當地及福州(zhou)市(shi)場(chang)。

三.地域范圍

青山龍眼(yan)地(di)理標志(zhi)地(di)域保護(hu)范圍包括(kuo)長樂市(shi)古槐(huai)鎮(zhen)、鶴上鎮(zhen)、潭頭鎮(zhen)、江(jiang)(jiang)田鎮(zhen)等(deng)18個(ge)鎮(zhen)鄉。長樂市(shi)位(wei)于福建省東(dong)南(nan)部，南(nan)接(jie)福清市(shi)、西界閩侯縣，與臺灣一衣帶水，與馬尾區隔江(jiang)(jiang)相望。地(di)理坐標為：東(dong)經119°24′-119°59′，北緯25°40′-26°04′，陸地(di)總面(mian)積658平(ping)方公里。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征

1、外在(zai)感官特征：果(guo)實(shi)發育正常、完整(zheng)，無(wu)(wu)任何外傷(shang)，新鮮潔(jie)凈；具該品種成熟果(guo)的固有色(se)(se)澤，無(wu)(wu)裂果(guo)，無(wu)(wu)變質果(guo)，果(guo)實(shi)飽滿、扁圓(yuan)形(xing)、果(guo)皮(pi)黃褐色(se)(se)、果(guo)大核(he)小。 

2、內在品質指標：青山龍眼品質好，營養價(jia)值高，肉厚質脆、味甜、不流(liu)汁、易離核(he)。單果重14g以上(shang)，可(ke)溶性(xing)固形(xing)物 17%以上(shang)，可(ke)食(shi)率66%以上(shang)，總酸0.06克/100克以上(shang)。

3、安全(quan)要(yao)求(qiu)：青山龍(long)眼必須達到“無公害食品龍(long)眼”（NY 5173-2005）的衛生指標(biao)。