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一.產品介紹

長(chang)樂栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)歷史悠(you)久，百年(nian)以(yi)上(shang)的(de)古(gu)樹(shu)達2000多株(zhu)，青山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)具(ju)有晚熟、核小、肉厚、質脆(cui)、味香的(de)特性，據文獻(xian)記(ji)載，應始(shi)于唐(tang)宋時(shi)期(qi)。《福建通(tong)志》載：“長(chang)樂青山(shan)(shan)下村為(wei)(wei)宋大儒黃(huang)勉(mian)(mian)(mian)（朱熹的(de)學生(sheng)）的(de)故居，舊傳黃(huang)勉(mian)(mian)(mian)齋(zhai)有手(shou)植(zhi)一株(zhu)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)品(pin)質絕佳。”宋朝時(shi)，青山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)就(jiu)開始(shi)作為(wei)(wei)貢(gong)(gong)品(pin)進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)朝廷，宋光宗皇帝(di)曾賜匾青山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)“黃(huang)龍(long)(long)”（因青山(shan)(shan)黃(huang)勉(mian)(mian)(mian)齋(zhai)進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)的(de)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)）。明弘治《劉志》物(wu)產篇有龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)的(de)記(ji)載，賦貢(gong)(gong)篇也記(ji)述長(chang)樂生(sheng)產的(de)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)和寶(bao)圓(yuan)（龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)干）曾定額進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)朝延，可見(jian)(jian)當時(shi)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)之(zhi)盛，據清同治用(yong)彭老藻(zao)、楊希潤所修的(de)《長(chang)樂縣志》記(ji)載：“龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)大寸許者為(wei)(wei)寶(bao)圓(yuan)，樹(shu)徑三接者為(wei)(wei)頂(ding)圓(yuan)，樹(shu)未接者曰(yue)野老，核初種經(jing)十年(nian)始(shi)實(shi)，實(shi)甚(shen)小者俗呼“椒眼(yan)(yan)”。可見(jian)(jian)在明、清時(shi)期(qi)，長(chang)樂龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)已盛行高空壓條方(fang)法，推廣繁殖大量的(de)優(you)質良(liang)種。90年(nian)以(yi)后，我市大面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)發展(zhan)龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)種植(zhi)，現在龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)已經(jing)成為(wei)(wei)我市最主要的(de)果類，長(chang)樂市龍(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)3000公(gong)頃(qing)，其中采摘面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)2900公(gong)頃(qing)，年(nian)產量28300噸，年(nian)收入16980萬元(yuan)。占全(quan)市果樹(shu)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)55％以(yi)上(shang)。成熟期(qi)主要集中在9月中旬(xun)－10月中旬(xun)。產品(pin)主要銷往長(chang)樂當地(di)及福州市場(chang)。

二(er).自然生(sheng)態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素(su)

1、土壤地貌情況：長樂市(shi)地貌屬福建省(sheng)東(dong)(dong)部沿海花崗巖低山丘陵及沖積海積平原區，北(bei)部臨江、東(dong)(dong)部和(he)南(nan)部瀕海，西面靠(kao)山，地勢由南(nan)部與中部向北(bei)部及東(dong)(dong)部漸次下(xia)降。長樂主(zhu)要有6種(zhong)地貌類型：丘陵山地、平原、砂丘、河(he)谷盆地、島嶼與灘(tan)涂、河(he)心洲。土壤的pH值(zhi)在5.5-6.5之(zhi)(zhi)間，有機(ji)質含量在1.5-2.5%之(zhi)(zhi)間，富含硼等(deng)多種(zhong)微量元素。 

2、水(shui)文情況(kuang)：長樂(le)市屬于亞熱(re)帶(dai)海洋性(xing)季風氣候，全年(nian)(nian)溫濕多(duo)雨。年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)均在1200-1500毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)之間，多(duo)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)1358.7毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)，多(duo)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)9.052億立方米(mi)(mi)，全市多(duo)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均年(nian)(nian)徑流(liu)深647毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)，徑流(liu)分布由西(xi)南向東北遞減，沿海地區(qu)和海島(dao)比較(jiao)缺水(shui)，在北部的大埔尾年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)近1800毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)，沿海島(dao)嶼平(ping)均年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)為1100毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)。境(jing)內地區(qu)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)具有雨量(liang)多(duo)、強(qiang)度(du)大、年(nian)(nian)際變化(hua)大、年(nian)(nian)內分配不均勻、地域降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨量(liang)變化(hua)懸殊等特點。 

3、氣(qi)候情(qing)況：長樂市屬(shu)于亞熱帶海洋(yang)性(xing)季風氣(qi)候，年平(ping)均氣(qi)溫19.5℃，降水(shui)量1358.7毫米，日照時(shi)數1665.1小(xiao)時(shi)。主(zhu)要自(zi)然災(zai)(zai)害為風災(zai)(zai)（臺(tai)風）、水(shui)災(zai)(zai)、旱災(zai)(zai)。 

4、人(ren)文歷史(shi)情況：長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)栽培龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)歷史(shi)悠(you)久，據(ju)文獻記(ji)(ji)載(zai)，應始(shi)于(yu)唐宋(song)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)。《福建通志》載(zai)：“長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)青(qing)(qing)山(shan)下村為(wei)宋(song)大(da)儒黃(huang)勉(mian)（朱(zhu)熹的(de)(de)學(xue)生）的(de)(de)故居，舊傳(chuan)黃(huang)勉(mian)齋有(you)(you)手植一株龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)品質絕佳(jia)。”宋(song)朝(chao)(chao)時(shi)，青(qing)(qing)山(shan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)就開始(shi)作(zuo)為(wei)貢(gong)(gong)品進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)朝(chao)(chao)延，宋(song)光宗皇(huang)帝曾賜匾青(qing)(qing)山(shan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)為(wei)“黃(huang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)”（因青(qing)(qing)山(shan)黃(huang)勉(mian)齋進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)）。明弘治(zhi)(zhi)《劉志》物產篇(pian)有(you)(you)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)載(zai)，賦貢(gong)(gong)篇(pian)也記(ji)(ji)述長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)生產的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)和寶(bao)圓（龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)干）曾定額進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)朝(chao)(chao)延，可見當時(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽培之盛，據(ju)清同治(zhi)(zhi)用彭老藻、楊希潤所修的(de)(de)《長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)縣志》記(ji)(ji)載(zai)：“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)大(da)寸許者為(wei)寶(bao)圓，樹(shu)(shu)徑三(san)接(jie)者為(wei)頂(ding)圓，樹(shu)(shu)未接(jie)者曰野老，核初種經(jing)十年(nian)始(shi)實，實甚小(xiao)者俗呼“椒眼(yan)(yan)”。可見在明、清時(shi)期(qi)(qi)，長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽培已(yi)盛行高空壓條(tiao)方法，推廣繁殖大(da)量的(de)(de)優質良種。90年(nian)以后，我(wo)市(shi)(shi)大(da)面(mian)積發展(zhan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)種植，現在龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)已(yi)經(jing)成為(wei)我(wo)市(shi)(shi)最主要(yao)的(de)(de)果類，長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)市(shi)(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)栽培面(mian)積3000公頃，其中(zhong)(zhong)采摘面(mian)積2900公頃，年(nian)產量28300噸，年(nian)收(shou)入(ru)16980萬(wan)元。占全(quan)市(shi)(shi)果樹(shu)(shu)栽培總面(mian)積的(de)(de)55％以上。成熟期(qi)(qi)主要(yao)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在9月中(zhong)(zhong)旬-10月中(zhong)(zhong)旬。產品主要(yao)銷往長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)當地及(ji)福州市(shi)(shi)場。

三.地域范圍

青山(shan)龍眼(yan)地理(li)標志地域(yu)保(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍包括長樂市(shi)古槐鎮、鶴上鎮、潭頭鎮、江田鎮等18個(ge)鎮鄉。長樂市(shi)位于福建省(sheng)東南部，南接福清市(shi)、西界(jie)閩侯縣(xian)，與臺灣(wan)一(yi)衣帶水(shui)，與馬尾區(qu)隔江相望。地理(li)坐(zuo)標為：東經119°24′-119°59′，北緯25°40′-26°04′，陸地總面積658平方(fang)公里(li)。

四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征

1、外在感官(guan)特征：果(guo)實(shi)發育(yu)正(zheng)常、完整，無任何外傷，新鮮潔凈；具該品種成熟果(guo)的固(gu)有色澤，無裂果(guo)，無變質果(guo)，果(guo)實(shi)飽滿、扁圓形、果(guo)皮(pi)黃褐色、果(guo)大核(he)小。 

2、內在品(pin)質指(zhi)標：青山(shan)龍眼品(pin)質好，營養價值高，肉厚質脆(cui)、味甜、不流汁、易離核。單(dan)果重14g以上，可溶性固形物(wu) 17%以上，可食率66%以上，總(zong)酸0.06克/100克以上。

3、安全要求：青山龍(long)眼(yan)必須達(da)到“無公害食(shi)品龍(long)眼(yan)”（NY 5173-2005）的衛生(sheng)指標。