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一.產品介紹

長(chang)(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)栽培(pei)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)歷史悠久，百年(nian)(nian)以(yi)上的(de)(de)古樹(shu)達2000多株，青(qing)(qing)山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)具有(you)晚熟、核小(xiao)、肉(rou)厚(hou)、質(zhi)脆、味香的(de)(de)特性，據(ju)文獻記(ji)載，應始(shi)于唐宋(song)(song)時期。《福(fu)建通志》載：“長(chang)(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)青(qing)(qing)山(shan)(shan)下村為宋(song)(song)大(da)(da)儒黃(huang)勉（朱熹的(de)(de)學生）的(de)(de)故居，舊傳黃(huang)勉齋有(you)手植(zhi)一株龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)質(zhi)絕佳。”宋(song)(song)朝(chao)時，青(qing)(qing)山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)就開始(shi)作(zuo)為貢品(pin)進貢朝(chao)廷，宋(song)(song)光宗皇帝曾賜(si)匾(bian)青(qing)(qing)山(shan)(shan)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)為“黃(huang)龍(long)(long)(long)”（因青(qing)(qing)山(shan)(shan)黃(huang)勉齋進貢的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)）。明弘治《劉志》物(wu)產(chan)(chan)篇有(you)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)記(ji)載，賦貢篇也(ye)記(ji)述長(chang)(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)和寶(bao)圓（龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)干）曾定(ding)額(e)進貢朝(chao)延，可(ke)見當(dang)時龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)栽培(pei)之盛，據(ju)清同治用彭老藻(zao)、楊希潤所修的(de)(de)《長(chang)(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)縣志》記(ji)載：“龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)寸許者(zhe)(zhe)為寶(bao)圓，樹(shu)徑(jing)三接者(zhe)(zhe)為頂圓，樹(shu)未接者(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)野老，核初種經十(shi)年(nian)(nian)始(shi)實，實甚小(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)俗(su)呼(hu)“椒(jiao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)”。可(ke)見在(zai)明、清時期，長(chang)(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)栽培(pei)已盛行高空(kong)壓條方法，推廣繁殖大(da)(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)優質(zhi)良種。90年(nian)(nian)以(yi)后，我市(shi)大(da)(da)面積(ji)發(fa)展龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)種植(zhi)，現在(zai)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)已經成(cheng)為我市(shi)最主要(yao)的(de)(de)果類，長(chang)(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)市(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)栽培(pei)面積(ji)3000公(gong)頃(qing)，其中采摘面積(ji)2900公(gong)頃(qing)，年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)28300噸，年(nian)(nian)收入(ru)16980萬元(yuan)。占全市(shi)果樹(shu)栽培(pei)總面積(ji)的(de)(de)55％以(yi)上。成(cheng)熟期主要(yao)集中在(zai)9月(yue)(yue)中旬－10月(yue)(yue)中旬。產(chan)(chan)品(pin)主要(yao)銷(xiao)往長(chang)(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)當(dang)地及(ji)福(fu)州市(shi)場。

二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷史(shi)因素

1、土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌情況(kuang)：長樂市(shi)地(di)(di)貌屬福建省東部(bu)(bu)沿海(hai)花(hua)崗巖低(di)山丘陵及沖積(ji)海(hai)積(ji)平(ping)原區(qu)，北(bei)部(bu)(bu)臨江、東部(bu)(bu)和南部(bu)(bu)瀕海(hai)，西(xi)面靠山，地(di)(di)勢由南部(bu)(bu)與中部(bu)(bu)向(xiang)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)及東部(bu)(bu)漸次下(xia)降。長樂主要(yao)有(you)(you)6種(zhong)地(di)(di)貌類型：丘陵山地(di)(di)、平(ping)原、砂(sha)丘、河谷盆地(di)(di)、島嶼與灘涂、河心洲。土(tu)(tu)壤的(de)pH值在(zai)5.5-6.5之間，有(you)(you)機質含量在(zai)1.5-2.5%之間，富含硼等多種(zhong)微(wei)量元素。 

2、水文情況：長樂(le)市(shi)屬于(yu)亞熱帶(dai)海洋性季(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou)，全年(nian)(nian)溫濕多雨(yu)(yu)。年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量均(jun)(jun)在(zai)1200-1500毫米(mi)之間，多年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量1358.7毫米(mi)，多年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水9.052億立方(fang)米(mi)，全市(shi)多年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)年(nian)(nian)徑(jing)流深647毫米(mi)，徑(jing)流分(fen)布由西南向(xiang)東(dong)北遞減，沿海地(di)區和海島比較缺水，在(zai)北部的大(da)埔(pu)尾年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量近(jin)1800毫米(mi)，沿海島嶼(yu)平均(jun)(jun)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量為1100毫米(mi)。境內地(di)區降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量具有雨(yu)(yu)量多、強度大(da)、年(nian)(nian)際(ji)變化大(da)、年(nian)(nian)內分(fen)配不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)、地(di)域降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量變化懸殊(shu)等特(te)點。 

3、氣候情況(kuang)：長樂(le)市(shi)屬于亞熱帶海洋性季風(feng)氣候，年(nian)平均氣溫19.5℃，降水量1358.7毫米，日照時數(shu)1665.1小(xiao)時。主要自(zi)然災(zai)(zai)害(hai)為風(feng)災(zai)(zai)（臺(tai)風(feng)）、水災(zai)(zai)、旱災(zai)(zai)。 

4、人文歷史(shi)情況：長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)歷史(shi)悠(you)久(jiu)，據文獻記(ji)載(zai)，應始(shi)于唐(tang)宋(song)(song)時期。《福建通(tong)志》載(zai)：“長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)青(qing)山下(xia)村為(wei)(wei)(wei)宋(song)(song)大儒黃(huang)勉（朱熹的(de)學生(sheng)）的(de)故居，舊傳黃(huang)勉齋(zhai)有手植(zhi)一株龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)質絕佳。”宋(song)(song)朝(chao)時，青(qing)山龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)就開始(shi)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)貢(gong)(gong)品(pin)進貢(gong)(gong)朝(chao)延，宋(song)(song)光宗皇帝曾(ceng)賜匾(bian)青(qing)山龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“黃(huang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)”（因青(qing)山黃(huang)勉齋(zhai)進貢(gong)(gong)的(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）。明(ming)弘(hong)治《劉志》物產篇(pian)有龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)記(ji)載(zai)，賦(fu)貢(gong)(gong)篇(pian)也記(ji)述長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)生(sheng)產的(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和寶(bao)圓（龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)干）曾(ceng)定額進貢(gong)(gong)朝(chao)延，可(ke)見(jian)當時龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)之盛，據清同治用彭老藻、楊希(xi)潤所修(xiu)的(de)《長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)縣志》記(ji)載(zai)：“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)大寸許者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)寶(bao)圓，樹徑三接者(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)頂(ding)圓，樹未接者(zhe)曰野(ye)老，核初種經十年始(shi)實，實甚(shen)小者(zhe)俗呼“椒眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”。可(ke)見(jian)在(zai)明(ming)、清時期，長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)已(yi)盛行高(gao)空壓條方(fang)法，推廣繁殖(zhi)大量(liang)的(de)優質良種。90年以(yi)后，我市(shi)大面積(ji)(ji)發展龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種植(zhi)，現在(zai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)已(yi)經成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)我市(shi)最(zui)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)果類(lei)，長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)市(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)面積(ji)(ji)3000公頃，其中采摘面積(ji)(ji)2900公頃，年產量(liang)28300噸，年收入16980萬元(yuan)。占(zhan)全市(shi)果樹栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)總面積(ji)(ji)的(de)55％以(yi)上(shang)。成(cheng)熟期主要(yao)(yao)(yao)集中在(zai)9月中旬(xun)-10月中旬(xun)。產品(pin)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)銷往長(chang)(chang)樂(le)(le)(le)當地(di)及(ji)福州市(shi)場。

三.地域范圍

青山龍眼地(di)理標志地(di)域保護(hu)范圍包括長樂市(shi)古槐鎮、鶴上鎮、潭頭鎮、江田鎮等18個鎮鄉(xiang)。長樂市(shi)位于福(fu)建省東南部，南接福(fu)清(qing)市(shi)、西界閩侯縣，與臺灣一衣帶水，與馬尾區隔江相望。地(di)理坐(zuo)標為：東經119°24′-119°59′，北(bei)緯(wei)25°40′-26°04′，陸地(di)總面積658平方(fang)公(gong)里。

四.產品品質(zhi)特性(xing)特征

1、外(wai)在感官(guan)特(te)征：果實發(fa)育正常、完(wan)整，無(wu)任何(he)外(wai)傷，新(xin)鮮(xian)潔凈；具(ju)該品種(zhong)成熟果的固(gu)有色澤，無(wu)裂果，無(wu)變質果，果實飽滿、扁圓形、果皮黃褐色、果大核小。 

2、內在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)指標：青山(shan)龍眼品(pin)質(zhi)好(hao)，營養(yang)價值高，肉(rou)厚質(zhi)脆、味甜(tian)、不流汁、易離核。單(dan)果(guo)重14g以上(shang)，可溶性固形物 17%以上(shang)，可食率66%以上(shang)，總酸0.06克(ke)/100克(ke)以上(shang)。

3、安(an)全要求：青(qing)山(shan)龍(long)眼(yan)必須達到(dao)“無公害食品(pin)龍(long)眼(yan)”（NY 5173-2005）的衛(wei)生指(zhi)標。