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形態特征

由于平(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)四面(mian)環(huan)海，獨特(te)的(de)(de)氣(qi)候、地理條件造就了(le)平(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)水仙(xian)的(de)(de)三大特(te)色：首先是(shi)花(hua)期(qi)相對其他地區的(de)(de)水仙(xian)花(hua)長，據了(le)解，平(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)水仙(xian)花(hua)平(ping)(ping)均花(hua)期(qi)長達18天(tian)之(zhi)久(jiu)；其次是(shi)花(hua)蕾數量(liang)多(duo)，香(xiang)味濃(nong)郁持久(jiu)；第三是(shi)平(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)水仙(xian)花(hua)株型矮壯、健美，這也(ye)是(shi)它與漳(zhang)州(zhou)水仙(xian)的(de)(de)最大區別，由于抗倒(dao)伏能力極強，這一優(you)勢便(bian)成了(le)平(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)水仙(xian)的(de)(de)最大賣點。據專家考證，平(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)水仙(xian)花(hua)歷經200多(duo)年的(de)(de)野(ye)化生存，在惡劣的(de)(de)自(zi)然環(huan)境中，遵(zun)循著生物界優(you)勝(sheng)劣汰的(de)(de)自(zi)然規則，其優(you)良(liang)種性表現得尤(you)為突出，且人工(gong)馴化時(shi)間(jian)不長，其生態特(te)征更(geng)具野(ye)性。在觀(guan)賞培(pei)育方面(mian)可(ke)塑性更(geng)強，觀(guan)賞價(jia)值更(geng)高，素(su)以花(hua)箭多(duo)、花(hua)期(qi)長、花(hua)味香(xiang)、花(hua)姿美而(er)聞名遐邇。更(geng)是(shi)因抗逆(ni)性強、病害(hai)少、抗倒(dao)伏和不啞花(hua)等(deng)特(te)點而(er)獲得廣大栽培(pei)者的(de)(de)賞識。

生長環境

特殊的(de)土壤結構，暖溫的(de)氣候，多風的(de)氣象條件是形成平(ping)潭水仙特殊品(pin)種的(de)主要因素，是其它地區品(pin)種所無法替代的(de)。

分布范圍

平(ping)潭(tan)縣(xian)簡稱“嵐”，形似神獸麒麟，位于北緯25°15′—25°45′，東經(jing)119°32′—120°10′。東臨臺灣海(hai)(hai)峽(xia)，距(ju)臺灣新竹(zhu)港僅68海(hai)(hai)里(li)，是(shi)福(fu)建省以及大陸與臺灣距(ju)離最近的島(dao)(dao)(dao)縣(xian)，西隔海(hai)(hai)壇海(hai)(hai)峽(xia)，與長樂、福(fu)清市、莆田(tian)縣(xian)為鄰，南(nan)近莆田(tian)縣(xian)的南(nan)島(dao)(dao)(dao)，北望白犬列(lie)島(dao)(dao)(dao)。全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)由126個島(dao)(dao)(dao)嶼組成(cheng)，陸地面(mian)積371.91平(ping)方(fang)公里(li)，灘涂64.65平(ping)方(fang)公里(li)，海(hai)(hai)域(yu)面(mian)積6000多平(ping)方(fang)公里(li)，海(hai)(hai)岸(an)線長399.82公里(li)。海(hai)(hai)壇島(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)福(fu)建省第一大島(dao)(dao)(dao)，中國第五大島(dao)(dao)(dao)，陸地面(mian)積267.13平(ping)方(fang)公里(li)。全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)島(dao)(dao)(dao)嶼多，海(hai)(hai)岸(an)線蜿蜒(yan)曲(qu)折，其(qi)類型有基(ji)巖侵蝕(shi)海(hai)(hai)岸(an)、紅土(tu)侵蝕(shi)海(hai)(hai)岸(an)、沙(sha)質(zhi)塘積海(hai)(hai)岸(an)、沙(sha)泥質(zhi)和混沙(sha)質(zhi)塘積海(hai)(hai)岸(an)。

平(ping)(ping)潭屬南(nan)亞熱帶海洋性季(ji)風(feng)氣候。夏(xia)長冬短，溫(wen)熱濕潤，夏(xia)涼冬暖、霜雪罕見。春(chun)溫(wen)低于秋溫(wen)。多年平(ping)(ping)均氣溫(wen)19.6℃，最冷(leng)日(ri)平(ping)(ping)均氣溫(wen)10.2℃；最熱日(ri)平(ping)(ping)均氣溫(wen)27.9℃，全(quan)年≥10℃的活動積溫(wen)有6563度日(ri)，多年平(ping)(ping)均日(ri)照1919.7小時。雨熱同季(ji)，旱雨季(ji)節分(fen)明(ming)(ming)，多年平(ping)(ping)均降(jiang)水(shui)量1172毫(hao)米(mi)，蒸發量1300毫(hao)米(mi)，為(wei)(wei)福建省少(shao)雨區(qu)之(zhi)一。季(ji)風(feng)明(ming)(ming)顯，夏(xia)季(ji)以偏南(nan)風(feng)為(wei)(wei)主，其余(yu)季(ji)節多為(wei)(wei)東北風(feng)。風(feng)力年平(ping)(ping)均風(feng)速6.9米(mi)/秒，灣(wan)海地區(qu)全(quan)年大風(feng)（7級以上(shang)）日(ri)數為(wei)(wei)125天，是福建省強風(feng)區(qu)之(zhi)一。

生產情況

1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，時任(ren)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)企業局局長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)馮立朝先生，把家鄉的(de)(de)(de)野生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)球(qiu)莖(jing)送往廈(sha)門市(shi)園(yuan)林部門，經鑒(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)確認為(wei)中國水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之一，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)從此(ci)得(de)到人們的(de)(de)(de)高度(du)重視并(bing)加以繼(ji)續培(pei)育。1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)，君(jun)山(shan)村(cun)野生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)經福建省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)亞熱帶(dai)作物研究所(suo)檢(jian)驗(yan)鑒(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)為(wei)“單瓣玉(yu)玲瓏”，與漳州水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)同種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)科委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)企業局、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)外(wai)貿公(gong)(gong)(gong)司聯合(he)撥款，在(zai)(zai)君(jun)山(shan)村(cun)進(jin)行人工(gong)馴化試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)初(chu)獲成(cheng)功。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)擴種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)3.8畝(mu)(mu)，并(bing)列(lie)入福建省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)科委和(he)莆(pu)田(tian)地(di)區(qu)科委“人工(gong)馴化”科研計劃項目(mu)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)，經福建省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)科委核心組(zu)(zu)驗(yan)收，商(shang)品(pin)率達(da)90%以上，出口合(he)格率達(da)65%以上，命(ming)名為(wei)“平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”。當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，在(zai)(zai)君(jun)山(shan)村(cun)繼(ji)續擴種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，同時在(zai)(zai)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)城水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)培(pei)育場(chang)，對大練(lian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)社月(yue)(yue)舉村(cun)的(de)(de)(de)野生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)球(qiu)進(jin)行異地(di)試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，獲得(de)成(cheng)功。1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)福建省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)農業廳(ting)把平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)列(lie)為(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)繁殖基(ji)地(di)，進(jin)行高產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)質試驗(yan)。1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)科委組(zu)(zu)織實施“野化水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人工(gong)復壯培(pei)育研究”。1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)25～26日，經市(shi)科委組(zu)(zu)織專家鑒(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)具有抗逆性強、花(hua)(hua)箭多(duo)、花(hua)(hua)期長(chang)、氣味清香(xiang)等特(te)點。1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)被國家計委、農業部列(lie)為(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)商(shang)品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)，在(zai)(zai)香(xiang)港舉行的(de)(de)(de)國際花(hua)(hua)展上，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)獲“最(zui)佳展品(pin)獎”。1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)達(da)75畝(mu)(mu)。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)有1000多(duo)畝(mu)(mu)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)達(da)30多(duo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)球(qiu)量達(da)150萬(wan)粒，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值達(da)1000萬(wan)元。但是產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業總(zong)體發展還(huan)是比較慢，主(zhu)要是投(tou)資主(zhu)體單一、投(tou)資能力(li)較弱。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業規模(mo)不(bu)夠(gou)強大，也(ye)導致對水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)科技投(tou)入不(bu)足(zu)，宣傳力(li)度(du)不(bu)夠(gou)大，企業未能形(xing)成(cheng)自己的(de)(de)(de)優(you)質品(pin)牌產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。到2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)為(wei)300多(duo)畝(mu)(mu)，主(zhu)要分布在(zai)(zai)敖(ao)東、中樓和(he)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)城的(de)(de)(de)海灘地(di)。為(wei)了(le)重振平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)，該縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)除(chu)了(le)推動注(zhu)冊“平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)”地(di)理(li)標(biao)志證明商(shang)標(biao)工(gong)作，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)工(gong)商(shang)局和(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)開發總(zong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司還(huan)通過(guo)“商(shang)標(biao)+公(gong)(gong)(gong)司+農戶”模(mo)式，帶(dai)動平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業，提升平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)知(zhi)名度(du)、競爭力(li)和(he)價格水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。

產品榮譽

1992年(nian)在(zai)“香港國(guo)(guo)際(ji)花(hua)(hua)(hua)展(zhan)”盛會上(shang)(shang)，十多(duo)個國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)和地區，以數(shu)千種(zhong)的(de)名花(hua)(hua)(hua)異草參展(zhan)競秀，“平(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)”作(zuo)為(wei)中國(guo)(guo)獨(du)一無二的(de)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)代表參展(zhan)，榮(rong)獲(huo)“最佳(jia)展(zhan)品獎(jiang)”；接(jie)著(zhu)參加中國(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)展(zhan)協會舉(ju)辦的(de)千種(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)評獎(jiang)大(da)會，又獲(huo)得(de)一等(deng)獎(jiang)。而在(zai)中南(nan)海、人(ren)民大(da)會堂等(deng)重要(yao)場(chang)所(suo)，平(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)也爭奇斗艷，成為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)大(da)型慶典(dian)活動、國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)領導人(ren)接(jie)見外賓的(de)迎春(chun)花(hua)(hua)(hua)、迎賓花(hua)(hua)(hua)。2003年(nian)在(zai)美國(guo)(guo)春(chun)季花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉展(zhan)銷會上(shang)(shang)，平(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)開發總(zong)公司帶去的(de)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)得(de)到很(hen)高評價，平(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)自此走出(chu)國(guo)(guo)門，在(zai)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉市(shi)場(chang)上(shang)(shang)凸顯(xian)其獨(du)特魅力。2007年(nian)底，平(ping)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)被納入地理(li)標(biao)志保護產品目錄，也是中國(guo)(guo)唯一獲(huo)得(de)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)地理(li)標(biao)志保護的(de)水(shui)(shui)仙(xian)(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)。