鮮切(qie)花(hua)又(you)稱切(qie)花(hua),是指從活體(ti)植株上切(qie)取的,具有(you)觀(guan)賞價值,用(yong)于制(zhi)作花(hua)籃、花(hua)束、花(hua)環、瓶插(cha)花(hua)、壁花(hua),以及(ji)胸飾花(hua)等花(hua)卉(hui)裝飾的莖、葉、花(hua)、果等植物材料(liao)。鮮切(qie)花(hua)分為切(qie)花(hua)、切(qie)葉和(he)切(qie)枝,具有(you)觀(guan)賞價值,最常(chang)用(yong)的鮮切(qie)花(hua)有(you)唐菖蒲(即劍蘭)、月季、菊(ju)花(hua)、康(kang)乃馨、非洲菊(ju)、紅掌等。
清(qing)流(liu)縣(xian)地處福建省西(xi)部,生(sheng)態環境優越,耕地面積15.3萬(wan)畝,全縣(xian)花(hua)(hua)卉種植面積12937畝。由于清(qing)流(liu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)具有花(hua)(hua)苞大而飽滿、花(hua)(hua)色艷有光(guang)澤和切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)率高的特點,享有福建省“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)之鄉”的美譽,成為全國最大鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)基地之一。清(qing)流(liu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)切(qie)(qie)花(hua)(hua)也因而成為國家(jia)地理標志保護產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。清(qing)流(liu)花(hua)(hua)卉產(chan)(chan)業(ye)帶動了(le)3450多戶農戶參與生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營,直(zhi)接從業(ye)人員(yuan)達15580多人,從業(ye)人員(yuan)年人均純收入達2.6萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)上,去(qu)年實現(xian)年產(chan)(chan)值3.2億元(yuan)(yuan)。
清流與昆(kun)明處同一緯(wei)度,溫和濕潤(run),日照充足,且(qie)地勢平(ping)坦(tan),土壤肥(fei)沃,適宜花(hua)(hua)(hua)卉連片規(gui)模(mo)化種植(zhi)。“清流不僅具有氣候優勢,且(qie)森林覆(fu)蓋率高,生態環境有保(bao)障(zhang),便(bian)于規(gui)模(mo)化發展(zhan)鮮(xian)切花(hua)(hua)(hua)種植(zhi)。目前已(yi)形成非洲(zhou)菊、月季、百合、菊花(hua)(hua)(hua)、鶴望蘭等(deng)多(duo)元化切花(hua)(hua)(hua)產品品類種植(zhi),鮮(xian)切花(hua)(hua)(hua)種植(zhi)面積現(xian)已(yi)達(da)8000多(duo)畝。
清流縣(xian)鮮切花種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)中,非(fei)(fei)(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積最大,清流縣(xian)自2004年(nian)(nian)起陸續引進長(chang)(chang)盛花卉(hui)、綠景生態、花仙(xian)子、閩暉農(nong)(nong)業(ye)等(deng)龍頭企業(ye)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)(fei)(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju),并帶動農(nong)(nong)戶種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi),目(mu)前已形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)以嵩溪(xi)、林(lin)畬、嵩口(kou)、長(chang)(chang)校等(deng)鄉鎮為核心的4000多(duo)(duo)畝(mu)(mu)非(fei)(fei)(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)基地。“非(fei)(fei)(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)耐粗放管理,投入(ru)成(cheng)(cheng)本低,適應性強(qiang),種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)應高于烤煙、水稻(dao),為短、平(ping)、快項目(mu),因(yin)而清流許多(duo)(duo)農(nong)(nong)戶選擇改種(zhong)非(fei)(fei)(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)。”黃學發說,“種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)(fei)(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)每(mei)扎花只要(yao)賣到2元,就可回(hui)收成(cheng)(cheng)本,而清流非(fei)(fei)(fei)洲(zhou)(zhou)菊(ju)(ju)每(mei)扎全年(nian)(nian)均(jun)價在4元左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)右,2012年(nian)(nian)甚(shen)至達到6元,去年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)均(jun)畝(mu)(mu)產值(zhi)2萬元左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)右,純利潤1.3萬元左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)右,種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)益不(bu)錯,農(nong)(nong)戶確確實(shi)實(shi)賺(zhuan)到了(le)錢(qian),因(yin)此種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)積極性很(hen)高。”
清(qing)流非(fei)洲菊品種多(duo)樣,有‘紅韻(yun)’、‘大(da)雪菊’、‘太陽風暴’、‘玲(ling)瓏’等(deng)(deng),其中‘紅韻(yun)’種植面(mian)積最大(da)。憑借(jie)價(jia)格優勢,陸續打開了華(hua)南、華(hua)中等(deng)(deng)地(di)市場,并且在(zai)鞏(gong)固現有廈門、福州、廣州、南昌、武漢等(deng)(deng)地(di)。