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一.產品介紹

德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)為閩中(zhong)地勢最(zui)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。氣(qi)候為南(nan)(nan)亞熱帶與中(zhong)亞熱帶氣(qi)候過渡區，氣(qi)候溫暖，四(si)季分明。這樣特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)環境造就了德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)秀品(pin)質(zhi)，德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)干(gan)品(pin)色澤淺黃(huang)色，條身(shen)緊(jin)長均勻飽(bao)滿，質(zhi)地柔(rou)軟且有彈性，具有淡(dan)淡(dan)的(de)(de)(de)清香(xiang)(xiang)氣(qi)味(wei)，味(wei)鮮(xian)質(zhi)嫩。富含(han)蛋(dan)白質(zhi)、膳食纖維、碳水化(hua)(hua)(hua)合(he)物、氨基酸(suan)、胡蘿卜素等多種(zhong)營(ying)養物質(zhi)。據傳德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)在(zai)唐(tang)代就開始種(zhong)植，清朝乾隆十(shi)二年修編(bian)的(de)(de)(de)德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志記(ji)載（第133頁(ye)）：“萱(xuan)(xuan)一(yi)名(ming)鹿蔥。草(cao)(cao)之(zhi)可以忘憂(you)者。《本(ben)草(cao)(cao)》謂(wei)‘花(hua)名(ming)宜男’”。在(zai)德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，古時(shi)候游子要遠行(xing)時(shi)，會在(zai)種(zhong)植萱(xuan)(xuan)草(cao)(cao)，希(xi)望母(mu)親減輕對孩(hai)子的(de)(de)(de)思念，忘卻煩憂(you)；而母(mu)親也(ye)會即將遠行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)子女準備蒸好(hao)曬干(gan)的(de)(de)(de)萱(xuan)(xuan)草(cao)(cao)，既寄思念又可做路(lu)途上的(de)(de)(de)干(gan)糧。孟(meng)郊(jiao)在(zai)溧(li)陽任(ren)江南(nan)(nan)溧(li)陽慰時(shi)，與德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)詩(shi)友高(gao)談闊論得知這風俗(su)習(xi)慣，又食得這萱(xuan)(xuan)草(cao)(cao)，聯想到(dao)自己，有感于母(mu)子情，作下(xia)《游子吟》：“萱(xuan)(xuan)草(cao)(cao)生堂階，游子行(xing)天(tian)涯(ya)；慈母(mu)倚堂門，不見萱(xuan)(xuan)草(cao)(cao)花(hua)”。這就是如今(jin)德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)被(bei)譽為“母(mu)親花(hua)”的(de)(de)(de)來(lai)源。 近幾年，德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)植及加工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)得到(dao)不斷的(de)(de)(de)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和改(gai)良，德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)成為德(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)幾大經濟來(lai)源之(zhi)一(yi)。2010年被(bei)農業部列入(ru)國(guo)家農產品(pin)地理標志保護登記(ji)，全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)共(gong)有黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)基地1.5萬畝，年產鮮(xian)花(hua)6100多噸，干(gan)花(hua)產量680多噸，產品(pin)主要銷往泉(quan)州市(shi)、廈(sha)門市(shi)以及臺灣、香(xiang)(xiang)港(gang)等市(shi)場，其產品(pin)以脆而不酸(suan)的(de)(de)(de)獨特品(pin)質(zhi)享譽閩南(nan)(nan)傳統銷區。

二(er).自(zi)然生態環境(jing)和人文歷史因素

1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)(di)貌情況：德化縣地(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)較高，地(di)(di)(di)形復雜，屬中(zhong)低山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)貌。福建(jian)省第二高峰戴云山(shan)主(zhu)峰橫亙本縣中(zhong)部，故我縣有(you)閩中(zhong)屋脊之稱，地(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)大(da)致由中(zhong)部向四周傾斜，呈層狀(zhuang)逐級下降。具(ju)有(you)鮮明的山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)特(te)色，散布在(zai)山(shan)中(zhong)的山(shan)間小盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)，地(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)比(bi)較平坦。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)成土(tu)(tu)母質以酸性巖(yan)為主(zhu)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)的PH值在(zai)5.0—6.5之間，有(you)機質含量(liang)在(zai)1.5—2.5%之間，富含硼等多種微(wei)量(liang)元素(su)。?

2、水文情況：德化縣屬(shu)于中(zhong)亞熱帶氣候(hou)區(qu)，具(ju)有(you)氣候(hou)溫(wen)涼適中(zhong)，四季分明，雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)充沛等特(te)點。年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)均(jun)(jun)在1600-2000毫(hao)米(mi)之間(jian)，每(mei)年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水達25.059億立方(fang)米(mi)，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)年(nian)(nian)徑流深1000-1300毫(hao)米(mi)，徑流分布(bu)由(you)南向(xiang)東逐步遞減，區(qu)域分布(bu)大(da)致南部多(duo)于北部，戴云山(shan)、石牛山(shan)南麓(lu)的赤水、雷峰、潯中(zhong)等一帶為(wei)多(duo)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)區(qu)，年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)1900-2100毫(hao)米(mi)，而(er)其北麓(lu)的大(da)銘、水口、葛坑一帶為(wei)少雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)區(qu)，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)1500-1600毫(hao)米(mi)。境(jing)內地區(qu)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)具(ju)有(you)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)多(duo)、強度大(da)、年(nian)(nian)際變(bian)化大(da)、年(nian)(nian)內分配不均(jun)(jun)勻、地域降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)變(bian)化懸殊等特(te)點。主要河流有(you)大(da)樟溪(xi)上游的產溪(xi)（潯水）、涌溪(xi)，晉江水系(xi)的大(da)溪(xi)、畬寮溪(xi)。?

3、氣候情(qing)況(kuang)：德化縣(xian)屬于中亞熱帶海洋性季風氣候，年平均氣溫15.6-19.5℃，年平均降(jiang)水(shui)量1600毫米(mi)左右(you)，日照時數1875.4小時。主要自然災(zai)害為(wei)霜凍(dong)、暴(bao)雨(yu)、臺風等。?

4、人(ren)文歷史情況：德(de)化縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)福建(jian)省(sheng)第(di)二大山脈戴云山脈主(zhu)體部(bu)分(fen)(fen)，海拔(ba)1886米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)戴云山主(zhu)峰橫亙中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)，全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)低山地(di)(di)(di)為主(zhu)，大部(bu)耕作(zuo)區(qu)(qu)海拔(ba)在(zai)(zai)(zai)500-1200米(mi)之間，為閩(min)中(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)勢最高的(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)份。氣候為南(nan)亞熱帶與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)亞熱帶氣候過(guo)渡(du)區(qu)(qu)，氣候溫暖，四(si)季分(fen)(fen)明，十分(fen)(fen)適宜黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)(sheng)長。據傳德(de)化黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)唐代就開始種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)，清朝乾隆十二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)修(xiu)編的(de)(de)(de)德(de)化縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志記載（第(di)133頁(ye)）：“萱一名鹿蔥。草之可以(yi)(yi)忘憂者。《本(ben)草》謂(wei)‘花(hua)(hua)(hua)名宜男’”。長期(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)來本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)廣大勞動(dong)人(ren)民不(bu)但將黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)作(zuo)為蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)食用，而且還(huan)用來治療痛風、關(guan)節炎(yan)等疾病。德(de)化黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)于山清水秀、生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)戴云山下，有(you)著悠久的(de)(de)(de)栽培(pei)歷史，是本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)名、優、特農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品之一。2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)通過(guo)農(nong)業部(bu)無公害農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品認證，2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)注(zhu)冊了“十八格”黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)商(shang)標，2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)獲(huo)福建(jian)省(sheng)著名商(shang)標。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，臺商(shang)張世澤先生(sheng)(sheng)投資創辦(ban)“鑫(xin)春美（泉(quan)州）農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品開發有(you)限(xian)公司”，總投資500萬元(yuan)(yuan)，主(zhu)要(yao)是對黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)進行深加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，提高產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品附(fu)加(jia)值。臺商(shang)張世澤先生(sheng)(sheng)是長期(qi)(qi)從事黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)銷(xiao)(xiao)售的(de)(de)(de)行家，他說：“他走遍了我國黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)主(zhu)要(yao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)，品嘗(chang)了各地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品，感到只有(you)德(de)化黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)脆(cui)而不(bu)酸(suan)，品質最好(hao)。所(suo)以(yi)(yi)才選擇(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)德(de)化建(jian)立黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)企業”。2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)德(de)化黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)專(zhuan)業合作(zuo)社(she)被(bei)福建(jian)省(sheng)科技廳(ting)列為“省(sheng)級科技特派員示范基地(di)(di)(di)”。近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來，我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)開始大面積種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，政(zheng)府并(bing)出(chu)臺政(zheng)策鼓勵農(nong)戶規模(mo)化種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)，2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)德(de)化縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民政(zheng)府制定了《德(de)化縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民政(zheng)府關(guan)于加(jia)快農(nong)村(cun)土地(di)(di)(di)流(liu)轉促(cu)(cu)進農(nong)業產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業化經(jing)營(ying)的(de)(de)(de)意見(jian)》（德(de)政(zheng)[2009]106號），文中(zhong)(zhong)規定每戶種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)30-50畝(mu)的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)府補(bu)貼1000元(yuan)(yuan)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)50-80畝(mu)的(de)(de)(de)補(bu)貼2000元(yuan)(yuan)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)80畝(mu)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)補(bu)貼3000元(yuan)(yuan)，一個村(cun)相(xiang)對連片種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)1000畝(mu)且干品產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)達到100噸以(yi)(yi)上(shang)列入“一村(cun)一品”重點村(cun)進行扶持(chi)。有(you)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)促(cu)(cu)進了我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)規模(mo)化生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。現在(zai)(zai)(zai)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)已經(jing)成(cheng)為我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)最主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)蔬(shu)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)，栽培(pei)面積2000公頃，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)160萬公斤，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值達800萬元(yuan)(yuan)。收獲(huo)期(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要(yao)集中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)7月(yue)下旬－9月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬。產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品主(zhu)要(yao)銷(xiao)(xiao)往泉(quan)州市、廈門市以(yi)(yi)及臺灣、香港等市場，其(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品以(yi)(yi)脆(cui)而不(bu)酸(suan)的(de)(de)(de)獨特品質享(xiang)譽閩(min)南(nan)傳統銷(xiao)(xiao)區(qu)(qu)。

三.地域范圍

德化黃花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)（又(you)稱金針菜(cai)(cai)(cai)、萱草、忘(wang)憂草、鹿蔥(cong)花(hua)、宜男花(hua)等(deng)）地理標志地域保(bao)護范(fan)圍包括(kuo)德化縣(xian)春美鄉、大銘鄉、湯頭鄉、上涌鎮、龍潯鎮等(deng)18個鎮鄉。德化縣(xian)位于福(fu)建中部(bu)，大樟溪上游，泉州市北面。介于東經117゜56ˊ～118゜33ˊ，北緯25゜23ˊ～25゜57ˊ之(zhi)間。東與福(fu)州市永泰(tai)縣(xian)、莆田市仙游縣(xian)界(jie)連，南(nan)與永春縣(xian)毗鄰，西與三(san)明市大田縣(xian)接壤，北與三(san)明市尤溪縣(xian)相(xiang)鄰。全縣(xian)總面積2219.72平方公(gong)(gong)里。黃花(hua)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)總生(sheng)產面積2000公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，總產量(liang)160萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤，干品產量(liang)20萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤，總產值800萬(wan)元。

四.產(chan)品品質(zhi)特性特征

1、外在感官特征：德(de)化黃花菜生長(chang)(chang)在戴云山麓(lu)，生產歷史悠久(jiu)。干(gan)品(pin)色(se)澤淺黃色(se)，條(tiao)身(shen)緊長(chang)(chang)均勻飽滿，質地柔軟(ruan)且有(you)彈性，具(ju)有(you)淡(dan)淡(dan)的清(qing)香氣(qi)味，味鮮質嫩(nen)。?

2、內在品質指標：德化黃花菜(cai)干品含水(shui)分(fen)≤15%、蛋白質13.0-15.0%、碳水(shui)化合物39.6-45.0%、膳(shan)食(shi)纖(xian)維20.0-22.5%、胡蘿(luo)卜素(su)18.6-21.0kg／mg。?

3、安全要求：德化黃花菜必須(xu)達到 “無公害食品 干制金針(zhen)菜”（ NY5186—2002）的衛(wei)生(sheng)指(zhi)標。

五.特(te)定生產方(fang)式

1、產地選擇(ze)：選擇(ze)海(hai)拔500-1200米(mi)，土(tu)壤微酸性、質(zhi)地疏松不粘重、排水方便的旱(han)地或山坡地種植。產地要遠離工業“三廢(fei)”等污染源，土(tu)壤環境(jing)(jing)、灌(guan)溉水質(zhi)和空氣環境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量應符合農業部制定的無(wu)公(gong)害蔬菜產地環境(jing)(jing)標準(zhun)。?

2、品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選擇與特定要求：選擇具德化黃花菜特征特性，對種(zhong)(zhong)植時間較長(chang)、優(you)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)性出現退化的(de)黃花菜要進行提純復壯(zhuang)，保持(chi)本縣品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)抗 性強、品(pin)質(zhi)優(you)、產(chan)量高(gao)、適應性好的(de)優(you)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)性。黃花菜干品(pin)要求色(se)澤淺黃或(huo)金黃，質(zhi)地(di)新鮮(xian)無(wu)雜物，條身緊長(chang)均勻粗壯(zhuang)。?

3、生產過程管理：德化黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)生產過程符合《DB36/T467—2005無公(gong)害(hai)食品 黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)生產技術規程》。黃(huang)花(hua)菜(cai)要求施(shi)足基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，早施(shi)苗(miao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)，重施(shi)薹(tai)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。采收(shou)前15天停止施(shi)用(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料。病蟲害(hai)防治上禁用(yong)使用(yong)劇毒、高毒、高殘(can)留農(nong)藥：嚴格執行(xing)(xing)“中(zhong)華(hua)人民共和(he)國農(nong)業部(bu)公(gong)告第199號”，按安全(quan)休(xiu)藥期規定進行(xing)(xing)采收(shou)。?

4、產品收獲：德化黃花菜一般在7月中(zhong)(zhong)旬至9月中(zhong)(zhong)旬采(cai)收。干制(zhi)黃花菜應在花蕾(lei)發育飽(bao)滿、含苞(bao)未放、花蕾(lei)中(zhong)(zhong)部色澤(ze)金黃、兩端(duan)呈綠(lv)色、頂端(duan)紫點褪去(qu)時采(cai)摘(zhai)最好。采(cai)摘(zhai)前對藥肥殘留(liu)及糖度進(jin)行抽樣(yang)檢驗。采(cai)摘(zhai)需暫存時宜選(xuan)擇陰涼、干燥、通風的地方，運回后進(jin)行蒸煮(zhu)曬干或烘(hong)干。?

5、生(sheng)產(chan)記錄要求：如實記錄生(sheng)產(chan)投(tou)入品，特別是(shi)化(hua)肥、農藥的名稱、來(lai)源、用法、用量和使(shi)用、停(ting)用的日期(qi)；收獲日期(qi)；質(zhi)量檢測情況；銷售情況。生(sheng)產(chan)記錄應當(dang)保存兩年以(yi)上。