一.產品介紹
筠(yun)(yun)連紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)種(zhong)植歷史悠久,據《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉通(tong)史》記載:“筠(yun)(yun)連產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)悠久歷史可上(shang)(shang)溯(su)至(zhi)兩千多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)秦漢,早在(zai)唐代就(jiu)是四川(chuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重點產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區之一(yi)”;另據《筠(yun)(yun)連縣(xian)志(zhi)》記載:“清道光30年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1850年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))派引征收(shou)(shou)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)稅。民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1912年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))至(zhi)25年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)最(zui)高年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)350噸,以色(se)(se)(se)味(wei)(wei)俱佳,冠于四川(chuan)省南路各(ge)縣(xian),銷售陜滇黔(qian)諸(zhu)省。36年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全縣(xian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值9.79億元(法幣),為農(nong)村經濟(ji)最(zui)大(da)收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)之一(yi)”。 筠(yun)(yun)連紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)品(pin)(pin)質上(shang)(shang)乘,上(shang)(shang)世(shi)紀50年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代即在(zai)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)享有(you)(you)盛名,在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際市場享有(you)(you)“賽祁紅(hong)(hong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美(mei)譽。1955年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),上(shang)(shang)海(hai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉公(gong)司(si)對筠(yun)(yun)連紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評價是“外(wai)形秀麗(li),條索緊細,毫(hao)鋒顯露,色(se)(se)(se)澤烏(wu)潤(run),湯色(se)(se)(se)紅(hong)(hong)艷,葉底紅(hong)(hong)勻(yun),香(xiang)高味(wei)(wei)醇(chun)”。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)投資20萬元在(zai)筠(yun)(yun)連建(jian)電動(dong)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)初制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)廠,加工(gong)精制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)春,蘇(su)聯駐(zhu)華(hua)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉專家(jia)專程(cheng)來筠(yun)(yun)連參觀紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作過程(cheng),對紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)質相當滿意。1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月,筠(yun)(yun)連茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉工(gong)作者采(cai)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)白露芽茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)1.5公(gong)斤獻給毛主席(xi)品(pin)(pin)嘗,以此向國(guo)(guo)(guo)慶十周年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)獻禮(li),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央辦公(gong)廳復函(han)致謝。至(zhi)1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全縣(xian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)種(zhong)植規模(mo)11000畝,比(bi)建(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)初期增加八(ba)倍有(you)(you)余,共出口(kou)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)2000噸,暢銷蘇(su)聯、波(bo)蘭、聯邦德國(guo)(guo)(guo)、英國(guo)(guo)(guo)等國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)。1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),筠(yun)(yun)連縣(xian)被全國(guo)(guo)(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉大(da)會列(lie)為百強茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉基地縣(xian)。 近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來,縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政府面對國(guo)(guo)(guo)際國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)市場新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化,審時度勢,著力恢復發(fa)展紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。筠(yun)(yun)連紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)在(zai)保持原有(you)(you)色(se)(se)(se)、香(xiang)、味(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)(shang),不(bu)斷創新制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作方法,使產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)外(wai)形緊細秀麗(li),滋味(wei)(wei)鮮醇(chun),回味(wei)(wei)悠長。2009-2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),筠(yun)(yun)連紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)連續(xu)5次榮(rong)獲國(guo)(guo)(guo)際茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)博(bo)會金(jin)獎(jiang);2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以來,筠(yun)(yun)連紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)先后榮(rong)獲第(di)1-3屆(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(四川(chuan))國(guo)(guo)(guo)際茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)博(bo)會金(jin)獎(jiang)。2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全縣(xian)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園總面積17.69萬畝(其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)9萬畝),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量5413噸(其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)2017噸),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉總產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值2億元(其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)0.97億元)。全縣(xian)18個(ge)(ge)鄉鎮中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),面積1萬畝以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)5個(ge)(ge),茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量100噸以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)4個(ge)(ge),200噸以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)9個(ge)(ge)。共有(you)(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉初精制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)加工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)68個(ge)(ge),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)省級(ji)龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)2個(ge)(ge)、市級(ji)龍頭企業(ye)(ye)(ye)3個(ge)(ge)、省級(ji)示范合作社(she)2個(ge)(ge)(1個(ge)(ge)正(zheng)在(zai)申(shen)報國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)示范合作社(she))、市級(ji)示范合作社(she)3個(ge)(ge),擁有(you)(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉加工(gong)機(ji)械1250余臺(tai)套。浙江(jiang)大(da)學農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)研(yan)究中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心對筠(yun)(yun)連紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)區域品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)價值評估為3.81億元。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)農(nong)人均收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)1058元,茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉對農(nong)民(min)純收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)貢獻率(lv)達13.5%,筠(yun)(yun)連紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)已成為全縣(xian)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)增效、農(nong)民(min)增收(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)之一(yi)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
筠連(lian)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)位于四(si)川盆地(di)(di)南緣烏蒙山區(qu),地(di)(di)勢(shi)南高(gao)北低(di),屬(shu)低(di)中(zhong)山峽谷帶壩地(di)(di)貌,地(di)(di)形以低(di)山槽(cao)壩為(wei)主(zhu),海拔368-1777m。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)土壤以黃(huang)壤、紫色(se)土為(wei)主(zhu),pH值5.5-6.5,土地(di)(di)多偏弱(ruo)酸,屬(shu)富(fu)硒(xi)茶(cha)(cha)區(qu)域,土壤肥沃,土質疏松(song),非常適合茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)生(sheng)長(chang)。 筠連(lian)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)屬(shu)亞熱帶濕潤季風氣候區(qu),熱量(liang)豐(feng)富(fu),雨量(liang)充沛(pei),無(wu)霜期長(chang),四(si)季分明(ming),具有春早(zao)、夏熱、秋短、冬暖、無(wu)持續性冰凍天(tian)(tian)氣等特點(dian)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)年(nian)均氣溫(wen)17.6℃,最(zui)(zui)高(gao)年(nian)均溫(wen)度18.1℃,絕對最(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)40℃,極端最(zui)(zui)低(di)溫(wen)-8.8℃,年(nian)均積溫(wen)5839.9℃,≥10℃的年(nian)平均積溫(wen)5580.2℃,年(nian)均日照1064.4小時,年(nian)均降水量(liang)1200.9mm,平均降水日數204天(tian)(tian),無(wu)霜期344天(tian)(tian),平均相對濕度81%,是(shi)茶(cha)(cha)樹(shu)的最(zui)(zui)佳生(sheng)態區(qu)。筠連(lian)縣是(shi)四(si)川省優勢(shi)茶(cha)(cha)葉生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基地(di)(di)建(jian)設(she)縣和宜(yi)賓市早(zao)茶(cha)(cha)重點(dian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)縣,得天(tian)(tian)獨(du)厚的自(zi)然生(sheng)態環境造(zao)就了筠連(lian)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)色(se)澤烏潤、香高(gao)味醇的獨(du)特品質。
三.地域范圍
筠(yun)連(lian)(lian)紅茶農(nong)產品地理標志(zhi)地域(yu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍包(bao)括筠(yun)連(lian)(lian)縣境內的筠(yun)連(lian)(lian)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、騰達鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、巡司鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、蒿(hao)壩(ba)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、雙騰鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、沐愛鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、維新鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)舟鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大雪山(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、武德鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、塘壩(ba)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、龍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、孔雀鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、樂義鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、高(gao)坎鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、團林鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、聯合鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、高(gao)坪(ping)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)18個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen))、243個村。東(dong)經104°17′45〞-104°47′20〞,北(bei)緯(wei)27°50′37〞-28°14′8〞。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)面積9200公(gong)頃,年(nian)產量(liang)5000噸。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)感官品(pin)質特(te)征:筠連紅(hong)茶(cha)外形緊結(jie)烏潤、勻整,香(xiang)(xiang)氣(qi)甜香(xiang)(xiang)濃郁、持久,湯(tang)色紅(hong)亮(liang)清澈帶(dai)金邊,滋味鮮醇回甘,葉底(di)紅(hong)勻亮(liang)。
(2)內在品質(zhi)指標(biao):筠(yun)連紅茶茶多(duo)酚≥9%,水浸出物≥35%。
(3)安(an)全要求(qiu):筠連紅茶執(zhi)行符合國家法律法規的有關標準要求(qiu)。