周禮(li)(li)粉條(tiao),四川(chuan)省資陽市安岳縣周禮(li)(li)鎮(zhen)特產。周禮(li)(li)粉條(tiao)生(sheng)產歷史悠久,所生(sheng)產的紅苕(tiao)粉條(tiao)銀白(bai)透明、絲條(tiao)勻(yun)稱(cheng)、味(wei)道鮮美(mei)、便貯耐煮、回鍋不爛(lan),十分暢(chang)銷。主要生(sheng)產區域為安岳縣周禮(li)(li)鎮(zhen)、寶(bao)華鄉、千(qian)佛鄉、龍橋鄉、拱橋鄉、南勛鄉6個鄉鎮(zhen)。為中國(guo)國(guo)家(jia)地(di)理標志保(bao)護產品。
淵源傳說
傳說,安岳縣仙(xian)人(ren)(ren)山有(you)(you)個(ge)(ge)白(bai)(bai)仕(shi)(shi)仲(zhong)(zhong),他在明朝末年考(kao)取了翰(han)林。看(kan)到同科進士向皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)和吏部官員送了奇珍異寶,都當官了,自己還沒(mei)有(you)(you)著(zhu)落,心里特(te)別著(zhu)急。他左思(si)右想,終于有(you)(you)了主意。于是(shi)(shi)請假回家,找來粉(fen)條(tiao)手(shou)藝(yi)好(hao)的(de)人(ren)(ren),選了上(shang)等(deng)紅苕(tiao)磨的(de)粉(fen),做(zuo)成(cheng)紅苕(tiao)粉(fen)條(tiao),帶進京去,獻給皇(huang)(huang)帝(di),謊稱此寶叫“仙(xian)人(ren)(ren)吊”,說是(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)一天夜晚自己到青城山游玩的(de)時候,遇到一個(ge)(ge)白(bai)(bai)胡子仙(xian)人(ren)(ren)送的(de),自己不敢私用,獻給皇(huang)(huang)上(shang)品(pin)嘗。皇(huang)(huang)上(shang)一聽是(shi)(shi)青城山仙(xian)人(ren)(ren)所(suo)贈,十分高興,立即(ji)吩咐御廚(chu)烹調(diao)。一吃,還真(zhen)不錯,味道(dao)特(te)鮮美,簡直就是(shi)(shi)稀(xi)世珍肴(yao),皇(huang)(huang)上(shang)認為(wei)白(bai)(bai)仕(shi)(shi)仲(zhong)(zhong)忠心可嘉,于是(shi)(shi)立即(ji)頒(ban)布圣旨,委任白(bai)(bai)仕(shi)(shi)仲(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)蒙陽知府。事后(hou),白(bai)(bai)仕(shi)(shi)仲(zhong)(zhong)怕此事泄(xie)(xie)漏出去,自己被(bei)治個(ge)(ge)欺君之罪(zui),便(bian)賞給做(zuo)紅苕(tiao)粉(fen)條(tiao)的(de)手(shou)藝(yi)人(ren)(ren)很多銀子,并威脅他們(men)不得泄(xie)(xie)漏這個(ge)(ge)秘密。那些手(shou)藝(yi)人(ren)(ren)得了好(hao)處,果真(zhen)守(shou)口(kou)如瓶(ping),沒(mei)有(you)(you)泄(xie)(xie)漏半句,直到新(xin)中(zhong)國成(cheng)立后(hou),他們(men)的(de)后(hou)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)開始用紅苕(tiao)做(zuo)成(cheng)粉(fen)條(tiao)讓人(ren)(ren)一飽口(kou)福。
生產條件
紅薯(shu)(shu)(又名紅苕(tiao)、甘薯(shu)(shu)、白(bai)薯(shu)(shu))是一(yi)種(zhong)古老的薯(shu)(shu)類作物,種(zhong)植過程(cheng)中(zhong)幾乎未施農藥(yao),化肥也用(yong)得少;因(yin)含(han)粗(cu)纖維,對防止便秘、抗(kang)癌,防止心(xin)血管等(deng)疾(ji)病有獨特(te)作用(yong),被譽為“天然綠色食品”和“最佳(jia)營養保(bao)健品”。民間(jian)素有用(yong)紅苕(tiao)加(jia)工(gong)淀粉(fen)(fen),再把淀粉(fen)(fen)加(jia)工(gong)成粉(fen)(fen)條的習慣和經驗。安岳縣屬淺丘(qiu)地區、農業大(da)縣、人口大(da)縣,紅苕(tiao)常年種(zhong)植面積60萬畝,常年產(chan)量(liang)16億斤以上。從1821年-1850年(清朝(chao)道光(guang))時期,周禮鎮就有了(le)加(jia)工(gong)粉(fen)(fen)條的歷史,其產(chan)品細嫩柔和、耐煮(zhu)、口感好(hao),享譽海(hai)內外。聯合國(guo)世界(jie)糧農組織馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)考察(cha)中(zhong)心(xin)多次(ci)來周禮考察(cha),并(bing)給(gei)予(yu)了(le)高(gao)度(du)評(ping)價。
生產情況
安(an)岳縣周禮鎮(zhen)素有薯(shu)鄉之稱,紅(hong)薯(shu)加工(gong)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)已有上百年(nian)(nian)歷(li)史,所生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)各類(lei)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)、粉(fen)(fen)絲、淀粉(fen)(fen)暢銷中(zhong)國(guo)各地。從20世紀70年(nian)(nian)代(dai)開始(shi),周禮就將自產(chan)的(de)(de)鮮紅(hong)苕(tiao)40%加工(gong)成粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao),年(nian)(nian)產(chan)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)100余(yu)萬公斤。隨著產(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)提高(gao),周禮粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)日(ri)漸(jian)揚(yang)名,銷售量(liang)猛(meng)增(zeng),加工(gong)業也迅猛(meng)發展(zhan)。在80年(nian)(nian)代(dai)末建起了跨省粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)專業市場。
周(zhou)禮粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)效益,深(shen)深(shen)吸(xi)引著人們。周(zhou)禮鎮(zhen)于1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)集資20萬(wan)(wan)元興建(jian)了(le)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)70萬(wan)(wan)斤紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)苕粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)的(de)周(zhou)禮銀絲粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)廠,實現了(le)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)機械化和(he)半(ban)機械化。生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)銀白透明、絲條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)勻稱、味道鮮美、便貯耐煮(zhu)、回(hui)鍋不(bu)爛的(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)苕粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)十分暢銷。到2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),周(zhou)禮全(quan)鎮(zhen)有(you)8千余戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)農民從事紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)加工(gong)(gong),全(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)加工(gong)(gong)1.8萬(wan)(wan)噸,機械化加工(gong)(gong)面達到100%,其中有(you)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)加工(gong)(gong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)100-250噸的(de)大(da)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)達35戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu);年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)加工(gong)(gong)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)300-1000噸的(de)大(da)8戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),營銷500-1000噸粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)的(de)大(da)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)19戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),全(quan)鎮(zhen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)25000噸,實現產(chan)(chan)(chan)值11500萬(wan)(wan)元,建(jian)立了(le)橫壩(ba)(ba)村(cun)、田壩(ba)(ba)村(cun)、龍興村(cun)三個(ge)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)加工(gong)(gong)基(ji)地村(cun);組建(jian)了(le)安(an)岳縣紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業協(xie)會和(he)安(an)岳縣旺佳薯(shu)類專業合(he)作社(she),擁有(you)會員1266人,并(bing)制訂有(you)《紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術標準》和(he)《紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)(ji)術標準》,并(bing)在田壩(ba)(ba)村(cun)建(jian)起“優質紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)品(pin)比試驗園”和(he)在荷(he)花村(cun)實施紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)優良(liang)品(pin)種改良(liang)工(gong)(gong)程500畝,為(wei)全(quan)鎮(zhen)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業的(de)發展(zhan)打下堅實的(de)基(ji)礎。為(wei)此,粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)市場也由原來的(de)數(shu)百平(ping)方(fang)米,擴(kuo)大(da)到3000多平(ping)方(fang)米,增加近(jin)千個(ge)固定攤位。20世紀(ji)90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代,周(zhou)禮粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)市場已茂為(wei)西南最大(da)的(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)專業市場,吸(xi)引了(le)5000多個(ge)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)專業戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)在這里安(an)營扎(zha)寨,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)成交(jiao)量在1000萬(wan)(wan)公斤以上,遠銷中國(guo)18個(ge)省、市、自治區,總額(e)逾2000萬(wan)(wan)元,每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向國(guo)家交(jiao)納(na)集貿稅近(jin)40萬(wan)(wan)元。
周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)市場(chang)匯集(ji)了周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)鎮(zhen)70%的(de)(de)農(nong)戶年(nian)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)500多萬公斤(jin)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao),150多萬公斤(jin)苕淀粉(fen)(fen),500多萬公斤(jin)鮮紅苕。去集(ji)著新疆、西藏、吉林、遼寧、陜西、湖南(nan)、青(qing)海、云南(nan)、貴州等省區的(de)(de)300多戶個體運銷戶和部分(fen)國(guo)營、集(ji)體單位的(de)(de)常(chang)年(nian)性(xing)商品采購客及大量的(de)(de)季節性(xing)、臨時性(xing)經(jing)營者。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)能(neng)成(cheng)為市場(chang)上的(de)(de)“搶手(shou)貨”,有個秘訣(jue)就(jiu)是不停地進行(xing)技改(gai)。過去用柴(chai)火、煤炭(tan)作為能(neng)源(yuan),但這種能(neng)源(yuan)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)灰渣常(chang)常(chang)沾(zhan)附(fu)在剛出鍋的(de)(de)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)上,變成(cheng)“砣子(zi)粉(fen)(fen)”、“黑桿子(zi)粉(fen)(fen)”。后來(lai)改(gai)用柴(chai)油,但稍(shao)不注意還是會對粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)產生(sheng)污染。通(tong)過幾(ji)次技改(gai)后,周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)終于開始利用電(dian)這種清(qing)潔衛(wei)生(sheng)的(de)(de)能(neng)源(yuan)來(lai)生(sheng)產粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)。