松貝(bei)(bei)是川貝(bei)(bei)母的一種。在(zai)我國,貝(bei)(bei)母品種有十多種,其(qi)中最有名(ming)的有川貝(bei)(bei)、青貝(bei)(bei)和浙貝(bei)(bei),川貝(bei)(bei)中又以松貝(bei)(bei)為最優。
產地
松(song)(song)貝主產于(yu)“松(song)(song)潘草(cao)地(di)”,即阿壩州(zhou)松(song)(song)潘、紅原、若爾蓋的大片草(cao)地(di)上。因過去(qu)松(song)(song)潘為川、甘、青土特(te)產品集散地(di),這一(yi)帶的貝母都運到(dao)松(song)(song)州(zhou)城里來做交易,故得名松(song)(song)貝。
特征
松(song)(song)貝(bei)(bei)的特(te)征(zheng)之一是“懷中抱月”,即一片較大的弧形貝(bei)(bei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)瓣抱著一片較瘦小(xiao)(xiao)的貝(bei)(bei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)瓣。松(song)(song)貝(bei)(bei)的另一特(te)征(zheng)是“嘴(zui)巴尖,0圓(yuan)(yuan)”。因其(qi)“嘴(zui)”小(xiao)(xiao),所以也有人叫(jiao)它為尖貝(bei)(bei);因其(qi)“0”圓(yuan)(yuan),有人驗(yan)證松(song)(song)貝(bei)(bei)真(zhen)偽時,抓(zhua)一把(ba)貝(bei)(bei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)撒在(zai)桌面(mian)上(shang),如果(guo)十有八(ba)九(jiu)能穩坐不(bu)動(dong),準(zhun)是松(song)(song)貝(bei)(bei)無疑。
習性
松貝為(wei)百合科植物暗(an)紫貝母(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)鱗莖。種子入土后,第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年冒出一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)匹葉,老(lao)(lao)百姓(xing)稱這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年的(de)(de)貝母(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)匹葉”;第二年抽出主桿,老(lao)(lao)百姓(xing)稱這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年的(de)(de)貝母(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)“樹兒子”;第三年開出燈籠狀的(de)(de)花(hua),老(lao)(lao)百姓(xing)稱這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年的(de)(de)貝母(mu)(mu)(mu)為(wei)“燈籠花(hua)”(暗(an)紫貝母(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)花(hua),其花(hua)瓣為(wei)暗(an)紫色,上(shang)面(mian)有(you)黃色斑點,花(hua)蕊為(wei)桔黃色,非(fei)常好看(kan))。
藥用價值
松(song)貝(bei)是潤肺消(xiao)炎、鎮咳化(hua)痰的(de)(de)名(ming)貴藥材,因(yin)此是饋贈友人的(de)(de)高級禮品(pin)。由于松(song)貝(bei)的(de)(de)采挖季節在(zai)每年(nian)的(de)(de)6至(zhi)9月(yue)間,因(yin)而(er)松(song)貝(bei)商品(pin)也在(zai)這時(shi)候上市。 購買松(song)貝(bei)時(shi),以(yi)顆粒小而(er)飽滿,色白(bai),嘴尖(jian),0圓者為(wei)上品(pin),尤以(yi)豌豆大小的(de)(de)為(wei)最佳,俗稱“珍(zhen)珠(zhu)貝(bei)”。
產品特色
“松(song)(song)(song)貝(bei)(bei)(松(song)(song)(song)潘(pan)產(chan)(chan)區)”是(shi)松(song)(song)(song)潘(pan)地道(dao)(dao)中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)之一(yi),也是(shi)最具代表性的(de)(de)名貴地道(dao)(dao)瀕危珍稀藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)品種之一(yi),具有(you)很高(gao)的(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)用價值和藥(yao)(yao)(yao)膳保健食(shi)用價值。呈類(lei)圓錐形或近球(qiu)形,表面類(lei)白色(se),質硬而脆,斷面白色(se),富(fu)粉性,氣味(wei)微苦。每50g干鱗莖有(you)240粒至960粒,經資質單位測試,無論是(shi)野生松(song)(song)(song)貝(bei)(bei)(松(song)(song)(song)潘(pan)產(chan)(chan)區)還是(shi)人(ren)工生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)松(song)(song)(song)貝(bei)(bei)(松(song)(song)(song)潘(pan)產(chan)(chan)區),品質指標(biao)均高(gao)于其他區域生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)貝(bei)(bei)母藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材(cai)。
松(song)(song)貝(bei)(松(song)(song)潘(pan)(pan)產區)地理標志產品(pin)保(bao)護(hu)范圍為四川省(sheng)松(song)(song)潘(pan)(pan)縣現轄(xia)行(xing)政區域。