一.產品介紹
咸(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)茶(cha)(cha)以(yi)“生川”磚(zhuan)茶(cha)(cha)為代表,始于(yu)明(ming)(ming),盛于(yu)清(qing),承于(yu)今,至今已(yi)有400余(yu)年(nian)歷史(shi)。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)茶(cha)(cha)其(qi)以(yi)天然優質老青茶(cha)(cha)為原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao),經傳(chuan)統工藝原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)汁發酵、手工精選、高(gao)溫蒸制、檀木(mu)液壓成(cheng)(cheng)型、木(mu)炭烘(hong)干而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)。具有生津解(jie)渴(ke),明(ming)(ming)目清(qing)心,提(ti)神益思、補充膳食營養、助消化、解(jie)油膩、順腸胃(wei)、利(li)尿解(jie)毒(du)、殺菌(jun)消炎之功效(xiao)。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)茶(cha)(cha)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)產地主(zhu)要(yao)分布于(yu)咸(xian)(xian)安(an)區內桂花鎮、馬橋鎮、大幕鄉等(deng)七個鄉鎮63個村,總生產區域(yu)面積約20000畝,產量2000多噸。通過(guo)“三品(pin)”認證(zheng)(zheng)茶(cha)(cha)園面積達到80%以(yi)上,原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)質量安(an)全有保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)將茶(cha)(cha)產業(ye)發展作為實現“轉型升級、綠(lv)色崛起(qi)”的突(tu)破(po)口來抓,咸(xian)(xian)安(an)區委(wei)區政府(fu)傾(qing)力(li)打造“咸(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)茶(cha)(cha)”公(gong)共品(pin)牌,爭取(qu)到2020年(nian),全區茶(cha)(cha)葉種植面積發展到10萬畝,磚(zhuan)茶(cha)(cha)總產量達2萬噸。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素(su)
1、地形(xing)地貌(mao)情況:咸安區(qu)(qu)(qu)地處(chu)幕阜山系和(he)江(jiang)漢(han)平(ping)原的過(guo)渡(du)地帶(dai),地勢東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)高(gao)(gao)西(xi)北低(di),呈階梯狀(zhuang)分(fen)布(bu),狀(zhuang)如撮(cuo)箕,按形(xing)態(tai)成因分(fen)為低(di)山、丘陵、崗(gang)地、平(ping)原四大(da)類型,相對(dui)高(gao)(gao)差936.1米(mi)(mi)(mi)。咸安區(qu)(qu)(qu)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)和(he)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)為低(di)山區(qu)(qu)(qu),系幕阜山系北翼余(yu)脈,山脈之間(jian)峰巒起(qi)伏,溝壑縱(zong)橫,共形(xing)成大(da)小(xiao)山丘22877座(zuo),其(qi)中(zhong)山峰218座(zuo),最(zui)高(gao)(gao)峰為大(da)幕山灶背巖(yan),海(hai)拔954.1米(mi)(mi)(mi)。相對(dui)高(gao)(gao)差50-200米(mi)(mi)(mi),谷深坡(po)陡,坡(po)度(du)為60°左右(you)(you)。中(zhong)部(bu)和(he)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)為丘陵區(qu)(qu)(qu),海(hai)拔50-300米(mi)(mi)(mi),相對(dui)高(gao)(gao)差50-100米(mi)(mi)(mi),丘體零亂(luan)、圓(yuan)渾,坡(po)度(du)50-300米(mi)(mi)(mi),壟(long)崗(gang)、殘丘相間(jian),脈絡(luo)明顯,坡(po)度(du)小(xiao)于5°左右(you)(you)。咸安區(qu)(qu)(qu)北部(bu)和(he)東(dong)(dong)北、西(xi)北、西(xi)部(bu)部(bu)分(fen)為平(ping)原區(qu)(qu)(qu),海(hai)拔30米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)下,最(zui)低(di)處(chu)斧頭(tou)湖海(hai)拔18米(mi)(mi)(mi),地勢平(ping)坦(tan),湖泊港(gang)汊多,河網密(mi)度(du)大(da),坡(po)度(du)小(xiao)于3°。咸安區(qu)(qu)(qu)西(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)地表廣(guang)泛分(fen)布(bu)石(shi)灰巖(yan),屬喀斯(si)特(te)地貌(mao),溶(rong)洞特(te)多,較大(da)的有(you)20余(yu)處(chu),其(qi)中(zhong)太乙(yi)洞、飛(fei)仙洞、鳴泉洞等最(zui)為有(you)名。
2、河(he)流情況(kuang):咸安區(qu)境內以淦河(he)、高橋河(he)、汀泗(si)河(he)三大(da)河(he)流為主流,匯集(ji)大(da)小支流70條,總長567.8公里。三大(da)河(he)流上游多是山地、坡度大(da)、集(ji)流快,河(he)水暴漲暴落,易(yi)旱易(yi)澇;下游河(he)道迂回(hui)曲折(zhe),加(jia)之(zhi)受湖(hu)(hu)水頂托,容易(yi)泛(fan)濫成災。境內湖(hu)(hu)泊有斧頭(tou)、西涼兩湖(hu)(hu),均為天然(ran)淡水湖(hu)(hu),水面面積4.4萬畝。
3、氣候(hou)情況:咸安區屬亞熱(re)帶(dai)季(ji)風(feng)性濕潤(run)氣候(hou),四季(ji)分明(ming),氣候(hou)溫(wen)和(he),日(ri)照(zhao)充足,雨量豐沛(pei),無(wu)霜期長,嚴寒(han)酷暑時(shi)間短。境(jing)內(nei)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)年(nian)平(ping)均值(zhi)為(wei)1879.65小(xiao)時(shi),日(ri)照(zhao)率為(wei)42%,最(zui)多(duo)的1979年(nian)為(wei)2075.4小(xiao)時(shi),最(zui)少的1975年(nian)為(wei)1596.6小(xiao)時(shi),年(nian)較差478.8小(xiao)時(shi)。。全區年(nian)均降雨天數(shu)150天,降雨量年(nian)均1531.4毫米(mi)。境(jing)內(nei)受亞熱(re)帶(dai)季(ji)風(feng)氣候(hou)影響,春季(ji)多(duo)東風(feng),夏季(ji)多(duo)東南風(feng),秋冬多(duo)偏北風(feng)。
4、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤情況(kuang):境(jing)(jing)內(nei)主要有紅(hong)壤、黃棕(zong)壤、石(shi)灰(hui)(巖)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)6類(lei)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤大部分呈中性偏(pian)酸,少數偏(pian)堿,PH值(zhi)一般在5.5-7.5之(zhi)間(jian)。紅(hong)壤面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)65254公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占域(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)46.04%,分布區域(yu)為海拔50-800米的(de)(de)(de)低山丘(qiu)陵及低山平崗地(di)(di)帶(dai);黃棕(zong)壤面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)47公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占域(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)0.03%;石(shi)灰(hui)(巖)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)9354公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占域(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)6.6%;紫(zi)色土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)377公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占域(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)0.26%;潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)396公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占域(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)0.28%;水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)是境(jing)(jing)內(nei)主要耕(geng)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤,面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)21234公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占域(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)14.98%,占耕(geng)地(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)74.90%。 咸(xian)安地(di)(di)理(li)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)和自(zi)然條件(jian)得天獨厚,工業(ye)“三(san)廢(fei)”低于國家標(biao)準,大氣清新無(wu)污(wu)染(ran),符合《環(huan)境(jing)(jing)空氣質(zhi)(zhi)量標(biao)準》(GB3095—2012);徑流水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)優良,符合《地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量標(biao)準》(GB3838-2002)。咸(xian)安特(te)有的(de)(de)(de)光照(zhao)、溫濕(shi)度、降水(shui)(shui)(shui)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)、地(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)貌等(deng)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)和生態條件(jian),確保了茶葉種植的(de)(de)(de)良好(hao)生長和優良特(te)性的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)成。
三.地域范圍
“咸(xian)安磚茶(cha)(cha)(cha)”產(chan)地范(fan)圍為湖北(bei)省咸(xian)寧(ning)市咸(xian)安區(qu)所轄的桂(gui)花鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、馬橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大幕鄉、雙溪橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、賀勝橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、汀泗(si)橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橫(heng)溝橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等7個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)63個(ge)村(cun),1個(ge)國有林場,總生產(chan)區(qu)域面(mian)積(ji) 2000公頃。其(qi)地理位置(zhi)位于(yu)東經114°06′-114°43′,北(bei)緯29°39′-30°02′之間。區(qu)域范(fan)圍內(nei)咸(xian)安磚茶(cha)(cha)(cha)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉核心種植面(mian)積(ji)10000畝,總產(chan)量5000噸。