一.產品介紹
咸(xian)(xian)安磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶以“生川”磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶為(wei)代表,始(shi)于明,盛于清(qing),承于今,至今已有400余年歷史。咸(xian)(xian)安磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶其以天然(ran)優質(zhi)老青茶為(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)料,經傳統工藝原(yuan)(yuan)汁發酵、手工精選(xuan)、高(gao)溫(wen)蒸制、檀(tan)木液壓成型、木炭烘干(gan)而(er)成。具(ju)有生津解渴,明目清(qing)心,提神益思、補充膳食營養、助消化(hua)、解油膩、順腸胃、利尿解毒、殺(sha)菌消炎(yan)之(zhi)功效。咸(xian)(xian)安磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶原(yuan)(yuan)料產(chan)(chan)地主要分布于咸(xian)(xian)安區(qu)內(nei)桂花鎮、馬橋(qiao)鎮、大幕鄉等七個(ge)(ge)鄉鎮63個(ge)(ge)村,總(zong)生產(chan)(chan)區(qu)域面積(ji)(ji)(ji)約20000畝,產(chan)(chan)量2000多噸。通(tong)過“三品”認證茶園面積(ji)(ji)(ji)達到80%以上,原(yuan)(yuan)料質(zhi)量安全(quan)(quan)有保證。咸(xian)(xian)安將茶產(chan)(chan)業發展作(zuo)為(wei)實現(xian)“轉(zhuan)型升級、綠色崛起”的突破口來抓,咸(xian)(xian)安區(qu)委區(qu)政(zheng)府傾力打造“咸(xian)(xian)安磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶”公共品牌,爭取到2020年,全(quan)(quan)區(qu)茶葉種植面積(ji)(ji)(ji)發展到10萬(wan)畝,磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量達2萬(wan)噸。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史(shi)因(yin)素
1、地(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)貌情況:咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)區(qu)地(di)(di)處幕(mu)(mu)阜(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)系和(he)江漢平(ping)原的(de)過渡(du)地(di)(di)帶,地(di)(di)勢東(dong)(dong)南(nan)高(gao)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)低,呈階梯狀分(fen)布,狀如撮箕,按形(xing)態成因分(fen)為低山(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵、崗地(di)(di)、平(ping)原四大(da)(da)類型,相對(dui)(dui)高(gao)差(cha)(cha)936.1米(mi)(mi)(mi)。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)區(qu)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)南(nan)部(bu)和(he)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)部(bu)為低山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu),系幕(mu)(mu)阜(fu)(fu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)系北(bei)(bei)翼余(yu)脈,山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈之間(jian)峰(feng)巒起伏,溝壑縱橫,共(gong)形(xing)成大(da)(da)小山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)22877座,其中山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)218座,最(zui)高(gao)峰(feng)為大(da)(da)幕(mu)(mu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)灶(zao)背巖(yan)(yan),海(hai)拔(ba)954.1米(mi)(mi)(mi)。相對(dui)(dui)高(gao)差(cha)(cha)50-200米(mi)(mi)(mi),谷深(shen)坡(po)陡,坡(po)度(du)(du)為60°左(zuo)右。中部(bu)和(he)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)為丘(qiu)陵區(qu),海(hai)拔(ba)50-300米(mi)(mi)(mi),相對(dui)(dui)高(gao)差(cha)(cha)50-100米(mi)(mi)(mi),丘(qiu)體(ti)零亂、圓渾(hun),坡(po)度(du)(du)50-300米(mi)(mi)(mi),壟(long)崗、殘丘(qiu)相間(jian),脈絡(luo)明顯,坡(po)度(du)(du)小于5°左(zuo)右。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)區(qu)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)和(he)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)、西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)、西(xi)(xi)部(bu)部(bu)分(fen)為平(ping)原區(qu),海(hai)拔(ba)30米(mi)(mi)(mi)以下,最(zui)低處斧(fu)頭(tou)湖海(hai)拔(ba)18米(mi)(mi)(mi),地(di)(di)勢平(ping)坦(tan),湖泊港汊多,河網密(mi)度(du)(du)大(da)(da),坡(po)度(du)(du)小于3°。咸(xian)(xian)安(an)(an)(an)區(qu)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)部(bu)、南(nan)部(bu)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)部(bu)地(di)(di)表(biao)廣泛分(fen)布石灰巖(yan)(yan),屬喀斯特地(di)(di)貌,溶洞(dong)特多,較大(da)(da)的(de)有20余(yu)處,其中太乙洞(dong)、飛仙洞(dong)、鳴泉(quan)洞(dong)等(deng)最(zui)為有名。
2、河(he)流(liu)情況:咸安區境內(nei)以淦河(he)、高橋(qiao)河(he)、汀泗河(he)三(san)大河(he)流(liu)為主(zhu)流(liu),匯集大小支流(liu)70條,總長567.8公里。三(san)大河(he)流(liu)上游多是(shi)山(shan)地(di)、坡度大、集流(liu)快,河(he)水(shui)暴漲暴落,易(yi)(yi)旱易(yi)(yi)澇(lao);下游河(he)道迂回曲折,加(jia)之(zhi)受湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)頂托,容易(yi)(yi)泛(fan)濫成災(zai)。境內(nei)湖(hu)(hu)泊有斧(fu)頭、西涼兩(liang)湖(hu)(hu),均為天然淡水(shui)湖(hu)(hu),水(shui)面面積4.4萬(wan)畝(mu)。
3、氣候情(qing)況:咸安區屬亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)(ji)(ji)風性(xing)濕潤氣候,四季(ji)(ji)(ji)分明,氣候溫(wen)和,日(ri)照(zhao)充足,雨(yu)量豐(feng)沛,無(wu)霜期長,嚴寒酷暑時(shi)間短(duan)。境(jing)內日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)年(nian)平均值為(wei)1879.65小(xiao)時(shi),日(ri)照(zhao)率為(wei)42%,最多的1979年(nian)為(wei)2075.4小(xiao)時(shi),最少的1975年(nian)為(wei)1596.6小(xiao)時(shi),年(nian)較(jiao)差(cha)478.8小(xiao)時(shi)。。全區年(nian)均降雨(yu)天數(shu)150天,降雨(yu)量年(nian)均1531.4毫米。境(jing)內受亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)(ji)(ji)風氣候影響,春季(ji)(ji)(ji)多東風,夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)多東南風,秋冬(dong)多偏(pian)北風。
4、土(tu)壤情況:境(jing)內主要有紅壤、黃棕壤、石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(巖(yan))土(tu)、紫(zi)色土(tu)、潮土(tu)、水(shui)稻土(tu)6類。土(tu)壤大部(bu)分呈中性偏酸,少數偏堿,PH值一(yi)般在5.5-7.5之間(jian)。紅壤面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)65254公(gong)頃(qing),占域土(tu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)46.04%,分布區域為海拔50-800米的(de)(de)低(di)(di)山丘陵及低(di)(di)山平崗地(di)帶;黃棕壤面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)47公(gong)頃(qing),占域土(tu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)0.03%;石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(巖(yan))土(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)9354公(gong)頃(qing),占域土(tu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)6.6%;紫(zi)色土(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)377公(gong)頃(qing),占域土(tu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)0.26%;潮土(tu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)396公(gong)頃(qing),占域土(tu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)0.28%;水(shui)稻土(tu)是境(jing)內主要耕地(di)土(tu)壤,面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)21234公(gong)頃(qing),占域土(tu)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)14.98%,占耕地(di)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)74.90%。 咸安地(di)理環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和自然條件得(de)天獨厚,工(gong)業“三廢(fei)”低(di)(di)于國(guo)家標準,大氣(qi)清新無污染,符(fu)合《環(huan)(huan)境(jing)空氣(qi)質量標準》(GB3095—2012);徑流水(shui)質優良,符(fu)合《地(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)水(shui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量標準》(GB3838-2002)。咸安特有的(de)(de)光照、溫(wen)濕度(du)、降水(shui)、水(shui)質、土(tu)質、地(di)形地(di)貌等(deng)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和生(sheng)態條件,確保(bao)了(le)茶葉種(zhong)植的(de)(de)良好生(sheng)長和優良特性的(de)(de)形成(cheng)。
三.地域范圍
“咸(xian)安磚(zhuan)茶”產地(di)范(fan)圍為湖北省咸(xian)寧市(shi)咸(xian)安區(qu)所轄(xia)的桂花鎮(zhen)(zhen)、馬橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大幕鄉(xiang)、雙溪(xi)橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、賀勝橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、汀泗(si)橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、橫(heng)溝橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)等7個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)63個(ge)(ge)村,1個(ge)(ge)國有林(lin)場(chang),總生產區(qu)域(yu)面積(ji) 2000公頃。其地(di)理(li)位(wei)置位(wei)于東經114°06′-114°43′,北緯(wei)29°39′-30°02′之間。區(qu)域(yu)范(fan)圍內咸(xian)安磚(zhuan)茶茶葉核心種植(zhi)面積(ji)10000畝(mu),總產量5000噸(dun)。