芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉(quan)大(da)蔥(cong)分布在(zai)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)榮(rong)縣萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉(quan)鄉、南張鄉所(suo)屬的28個行政村，地域保(bao)護范圍(wei)東經35°21′37″～35°26′27″，北緯110°39′11″～110°49′49″，種植(zhi)面積 894.6公頃，年產大(da)蔥(cong)6.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)噸。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉(quan)大(da)蔥(cong)頗負(fu)盛(sheng)名(ming)，距今(jin)已有(you)一千多(duo)年的生產歷史，在(zai)唐朝時曾作(zuo)為貢品(pin)進獻(xian)。《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)榮(rong)縣志》上(shang)記載：本縣所(suo)產大(da)蔥(cong)，層多(duo)、肉厚，蔥(cong)桿(gan)長(chang)達1市(shi)尺，形(xing)如鞭桿(gan)，故名(ming)鞭桿(gan)蔥(cong)。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉(quan)大(da)蔥(cong)產量高、品(pin)質好、桿(gan)粗桿(gan)長(chang)、潔白鮮嫩，辣甜(tian)適度，營養(yang)豐富、健(jian)脾養(yang)胃(wei)(wei)、耐貯宜(yi)存、上(shang)市(shi)期長(chang)，是人(ren)們(men)吃飯不可缺少(shao)的調味品(pin)。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉(quan)大(da)蔥(cong)中的糖、粗纖維、粗蛋(dan)白、鈣、鋅、鐵、蘋(pin)果酸等(deng)多(duo)種礦物質及微量元(yuan)素含量均(jun)居國家同(tong)類產品(pin)之(zhi)首，具有(you)極大(da)的藥用價(jia)值(zhi)，有(you)健(jian)康、養(yang)胃(wei)(wei)、解熱(re)發汗(han)，補虛助陽等(deng)特殊功(gong)效(xiao)。

二.自然生態(tai)環境和(he)人文(wen)歷史因(yin)素

土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌(mao)情(qing)況(kuang)：萬(wan)泉鄉地(di)(di)處(chu)晉、豫、陜三角(jiao)州，黃金(jin)地(di)(di)段，運城(cheng)市西(xi)北(bei)(bei)，孤(gu)峰(feng)山(shan)背(bei)陰，黃土(tu)(tu)高原，峨眉(mei)丘陵臺地(di)(di)，位(wei)于萬(wan)榮縣城(cheng)正南山(shan)基(ji)巖中(zhong)山(shan)區(qu)，分布在(zai)孤(gu)山(shan)北(bei)(bei)坡(po)一帶，海拔600-800多米，地(di)(di)勢東(dong)南高西(xi)北(bei)(bei)低(di)，呈百(bai)分5公里，屬于孤(gu)之五的(de)(de)坡(po)度(du)漸趨次降低(di)的(de)(de)三級臺地(di)(di)地(di)(di)勢，土(tu)(tu)壤中(zhong)性(xing)，PH值在(zai)8左右，土(tu)(tu)層深厚、肥沃，通透(tou)性(xing)好(hao)，土(tu)(tu)壤養分狀(zhuang)況(kuang)：有(you)(you)(you)機質(zhi)含量(liang)平均(jun)12.42g/kg，全氮(dan)約(yue)(yue)(yue)0.74 g/kg，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)磷約(yue)(yue)(yue)14.54mg/kg，速(su)效(xiao)鉀(jia)約(yue)(yue)(yue)160.50mg/kg，緩效(xiao)鉀(jia)約(yue)(yue)(yue)838.3mg/kg，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)銅(tong)約(yue)(yue)(yue)26.87mg/kg，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)鋅約(yue)(yue)(yue)1.27mg/kg，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)鐵約(yue)(yue)(yue)4.9g/kg。有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)硼(peng)約(yue)(yue)(yue)0.27 g/kg，有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)鉬(mu)約(yue)(yue)(yue)0.14g/kg.土(tu)(tu)壤質(zhi)地(di)(di)較粗，土(tu)(tu)層較薄(bo)，約(yue)(yue)(yue)180-200m，土(tu)(tu)壤透(tou)水透(tou)氣(qi)性(xing)良(liang)好(hao)，排澇能(neng)力強。水土(tu)(tu)中(zhong)度(du)流失，周圍無(wu)(wu)化(hua)工企業，基(ji)本無(wu)(wu)污(wu)染，以上條件基(ji)本適(shi)宜大(da)蔥(cong)栽培(pei)。水文情(qing)況(kuang)：地(di)(di)下水資(zi)源豐富，灌(guan)溉水均(jun)符(fu)合(he)(he)無(wu)(wu)公害食(shi)品相應(ying)標準的(de)(de)要求(qiu)，水質(zhi)質(zhi)量(liang)合(he)(he)格，全鄉有(you)(you)(you)機井(jing)11眼，單井(jing)出水量(liang)為25-50方/小(xiao)時(shi)，機井(jing)基(ji)本配套(tao)。當(dang)地(di)(di)灌(guan)溉主要是(shi)管灌(guan)，基(ji)本上能(neng)滿足大(da)蔥(cong)生(sheng)育(yu)關(guan)鍵(jian)期用水，極有(you)(you)(you)利于優質(zhi)大(da)蔥(cong)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產。氣(qi)候情(qing)況(kuang)：氣(qi)候屬暖溫帶大(da)陸性(xing)季(ji)風氣(qi)候，暖劇烈(lie)，四季(ji)分明，年平均(jun)氣(qi)溫11.8℃，日照(zhao)時(shi)數2364小(xiao)時(shi)，年降雨量(liang)550mm，無(wu)(wu)霜189天，農(nong)作(zuo)物平均(jun)生(sheng)長期257天，土(tu)(tu)壤凍結期105天，年平均(jun)蒸(zheng)發量(liang)1862.8mm，年平均(jun)光照(zhao)2364.3小(xiao)時(shi)。年平均(jun)氣(qi)溫11.8度(du)，最高平均(jun)25.6度(du)，最低(di)-3.9度(du)，0-20cm年平均(jun)土(tu)(tu)溫13度(du)。

三.地域范圍

根(gen)據《農(nong)產品(pin)地(di)理標志(zhi)登記管(guan)理辦(ban)法》的(de)規定(ding)以及大蔥(cong)特(te)有的(de)自然生態環(huan)境(jing)條件，經(jing)縣政(zheng)府和縣農(nong)委研究決定(ding)，劃定(ding)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)榮(rong)縣大蔥(cong)地(di)理標志(zhi)地(di)域保(bao)護范(fan)圍：萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)所屬的(de)28個行政(zheng)村，具體包(bao)括(kuo)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)橋(qiao)頭(tou)、橋(qiao)上、柳家(jia)院、屬里、東(dong)丁、西丁、萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉、北澗、北里、廟后、楊家(jia)垛、林山、荊(jing)村、荊(jing)淮、澗薛(xue)；南(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)太(tai)趙、薛(xue)李、百帝、李家(jia)、王家(jia)、尚家(jia)、姚家(jia)、南(nan)張、閆村、東(dong)蘇(su)馮(feng)、西蘇(su)馮(feng)、萬(wan)(wan)(wan)榮(rong)莊、范(fan)村。東(dong)到(dao)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)荊(jing)淮村、西到(dao)南(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)榮(rong)莊村、南(nan)到(dao)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)柳家(jia)院村、北到(dao)南(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)太(tai)趙村，經(jing)度(du)35°21′36.6″--35°26′27.0″，緯度(du)110°39′11.0″--110°49′49.3″產地(di)面積 894.6公(gong)頃，年產大蔥(cong)65000噸。

四.產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征

1.產品(pin)品(pin)質特色(se)萬泉鄉以獨特的(de)(de)(de)地(di)理優勢和氣候環境(jing)，養(yang)育著大(da)(da)蔥栽植有(you)(you)(you)600年的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)，萬泉大(da)(da)蔥產量(liang)(liang)高(gao)、品(pin)質好、桿粗桿長、潔白(bai)(bai)鮮(xian)嫩，辣甜適(shi)度，營養(yang)豐富、健脾養(yang)胃、耐貯宜存、上市期長，也(ye)是人們吃(chi)飯(fan)不可缺少的(de)(de)(de)調味品(pin)。萬泉大(da)(da)蔥中的(de)(de)(de)糖、粗纖(xian)維、粗蛋白(bai)(bai)、鈣、鋅、鐵、蘋果(guo)酸等多種(zhong)礦物質及微量(liang)(liang)元素含量(liang)(liang)均居(ju)國家同類產品(pin)之首，具有(you)(you)(you)極大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)用價值(zhi)，有(you)(you)(you)健康、養(yang)胃、解熱發汗(han)，補虛助陽等特殊功(gong)效。其中鉀144-167mg/100g，維生素C17-21mg/100g，鈣29-33mg/100g，磷30-37mg/100g，鎂8-11mg/100g。

2. 產品(pin)質量安全規定：嚴(yan)格按(an)照農委統一印制(zhi)的農產品(pin)生(sheng)產記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)建(jian)立地理標志農產品(pin)“萬泉(quan)”牌萬泉(quan)大蔥(cong)的生(sheng)產檔案，詳細記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)投入品(pin)的采購地、名稱、用量方法、注意(yi)事項(xiang)等，并對(dui)各(ge)個生(sheng)產環節所采取的技術(shu)措施嚴(yan)格按(an)照標準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產技術(shu)規程(cheng)進行(xing)(xing)并做(zuo)好記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)。對(dui)每批(pi)商品(pin)要嚴(yan)格執行(xing)(xing)巡檢和(he)抽樣(yang)檢查，并按(an)農戶編號做(zuo)好登記(ji)，嚴(yan)格執行(xing)(xing)嚴(yan)格準(zhun)出和(he)市場準(zhun)入制(zhi)度。

五.特定生產方(fang)式

萬(wan)泉大蔥在生產(chan)地塊選擇、品(pin)種選擇、栽植、土肥(fei)水管(guan)理、病蟲害防治 收獲等生產(chan)過程(cheng)中嚴(yan)格執行無公害大蔥標(biao)準化生產(chan)技術操作規程(cheng)

1.產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)選擇產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)條件符合(he)《無公害食品蔬(shu)菜(cai)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)環境條件》（NY5010-2002）的要求(qiu)。產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)遠離“工業三廢”污染源(yuan)2km以上(shang)，且離醫院(yuan)、學校、居民區、公路主干線500m以上(shang)，空氣良好的地(di)(di)(di)塊作為產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)。

2.品種選擇及生產過程管理：育苗育苗方式：露地育苗。品種選擇：選用優質、抗病、高產的品種，如：章丘大蔥、萬泉牌1號、家祿1號等。種子質量：應選用當年新種子，符合GB8079種子標準。用種量：每667m2用種3kg-4kg。種子處理：用55℃溫水攪拌浸種20分鐘-30分鐘，或用0.2%高錳酸鉀溶液浸種20分鐘-30分鐘，撈出洗凈晾干后播種。育苗床準備：選地勢平坦，排灌方便，土質肥沃，近三年未種過蔥蒜類蔬菜的地塊。結合整地每667m2施腐熟有機肥3000公斤左右，適量施入氮磷肥，淺耕細耙，整平作畦。播(bo)種(zhong)：在9月(yue)上中(zhong)旬進(jin)行播(bo)種(zhong)，先澆(jiao)(jiao)足底水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)滲后(hou)(hou)(hou)將種(zhong)子均勻播(bo)撒與(yu)床面(mian)，覆細土(tu)(tu)(tu)0.8cm-1.0cm。苗(miao)(miao)期管理：苗(miao)(miao)出齊后(hou)(hou)(hou)，保(bao)持(chi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤見(jian)干(gan)見(jian)濕(shi)(shi)，適當控制水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)肥(fei)(fei)，上凍前澆(jiao)(jiao)一次(ci)凍水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。翌(yi)年春季土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤解凍后(hou)(hou)(hou)及時澆(jiao)(jiao)返(fan)青(qing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，幼苗(miao)(miao)返(fan)青(qing)后(hou)(hou)(hou)結(jie)合(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)每667m2追施(shi)氮肥(fei)(fei)（N）4kg（折尿素8.7kg）。間(jian)苗(miao)(miao)1-2次(ci)，苗(miao)(miao)距3cm-4cm見(jian)方，定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前7天(tian)(tian)-10天(tian)(tian)停止澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前準備前茬：為(wei)(wei)(wei)非蔥(cong)(cong)蒜類蔬菜(cai)。整地(di)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)：地(di)面(mian)撒施(shi)地(di)下(xia)殺(sha)蟲劑(ji)，噴打氟(fu)樂靈(ling)除草劑(ji)，施(shi)足基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)，每667m2撒施(shi)優質有機肥(fei)(fei)3000公(gong)斤左(zuo)右（缺少農家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)，可用(yong)腐植(zhi)(zhi)酸肥(fei)(fei)100-200kg），氮肥(fei)(fei)（N）3kg（折尿素6.5kg），過磷酸鈣50kg，然后(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)鏇耕器鏇好地(di)待(dai)栽(zai)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)期：4月(yue)下(xia)旬、5月(yue)上中(zhong)旬密(mi)度(du)：每667m212000株(zhu)-22000株(zhu)，行株(zhu)距60cm-80cm×5cm-7cm。方法(fa)：蔥(cong)(cong)苗(miao)(miao)要(yao)分級，按(an)大、中(zhong)、小苗(miao)(miao)分開(kai)(kai)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)。用(yong)犁(li)開(kai)(kai)溝，人工插，在開(kai)(kai)好的蔥(cong)(cong)溝內，將蔥(cong)(cong)苗(miao)(miao)插入溝底，深度(du)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)埋住五(wu)杈股為(wei)(wei)(wei)宜，兩邊壓實(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)再澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)管理中(zhong)耕除草：定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)緩苗(miao)(miao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，天(tian)(tian)氣(qi)逐漸進(jin)入炎熱(re)夏季，植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)處于半休眠(mian)狀態，中(zhong)耕保(bao)墑，清除雜草，雨后(hou)(hou)(hou)及時排(pai)出田間(jian)積水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)肥(fei)(fei)管理：進(jin)入8月(yue)份(fen)，大蔥(cong)(cong)開(kai)(kai)始旺盛生長(chang)，要(yao)保(bao)持(chi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤濕(shi)(shi)潤，逐漸增加澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)次(ci)數(shu)和加大水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量，收(shou)獲前7天(tian)(tian)-10天(tian)(tian)停止澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)；追肥(fei)(fei)品種(zhong)以(yi)(yi)尿素、硫酸銨為(wei)(wei)(wei)主，結(jie)合(he)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，分別于立秋(qiu)、白露兩個(ge)節氣(qi)，每667m2追施(shi)尿素10-15kg。生長(chang)中(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)期還可用(yong)0.5%磷酸二氫(qing)鉀溶液、氨基(ji)(ji)酸葉(xie)(xie)面(mian)肥(fei)(fei)等(deng)葉(xie)(xie)面(mian)追肥(fei)(fei)2-3次(ci)。培土(tu)(tu)(tu)：為(wei)(wei)(wei)軟化蔥(cong)(cong)白，防止倒伏，要(yao)結(jie)合(he)追肥(fei)(fei)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、雨后(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)行4次(ci)培土(tu)(tu)(tu)。將行間(jian)的潮濕(shi)(shi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)盡(jin)量培到蔥(cong)(cong)稈兩側(ce)并(bing)拍實(shi)，以(yi)(yi)不埋住五(wu)杈股為(wei)(wei)(wei)宜。

3.產(chan)品收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)及產(chan)后處理規定收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)時(shi)期：據市場需要，隨時(shi)收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)上市。收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)方(fang)式：收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)大(da)蔥(cong)時(shi)，可用鐵鍬將蔥(cong)壟(long)一(yi)側挖活，露出(chu)蔥(cong)白(bai)后再用手(shou)輕拔(ba)，切忌猛拔(ba)，猛拔(ba)蔥(cong)白(bai)、拉斷莖盤或斷根(gen)而(er)降低商品質(zhi)量(liang)。收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)后的大(da)蔥(cong)應抖凈泥土，攤放在(zai)(zai)地里，鋪成一(yi)排，在(zai)(zai)地里晾(liang)曬2-3天。待(dai)葉(xie)片柔軟，須根(gen)和蔥(cong)白(bai)表層半(ban)干(gan)時(shi)，除去枯葉(xie)，分級捆(kun)綁，每(mei)捆(kun)5kg-10kg。在(zai)(zai)大(da)蔥(cong)的生產(chan)過程(cheng)中，嚴把各(ge)個關口，確保產(chan)品質(zhi)量(liang)合格(ge)。在(zai)(zai)大(da)蔥(cong)收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)前，要組(zu)織檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)對(dui)產(chan)品進行農藥(yao)殘留速測。注重檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)業務(wu)素質(zhi)的提高，思想覺悟(wu)的提高，要求(qiu)檢(jian)(jian)測人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)抱(bao)著對(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民健康(kang)高度負(fu)責(ze)的精神，對(dui)每(mei)個檢(jian)(jian)測數據負(fu)責(ze)，減(jian)少(shao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)為誤(wu)差。不斷地對(dui)檢(jian)(jian)測人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)加強培(pei)訓，外出(chu)參觀，提高掌握先進的檢(jian)(jian)測技術，確保人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民群眾(zhong)的身體健康(kang)。 

4. 生產記(ji)錄要求(qiu)：化(hua)肥農(nong)藥(yao)使用(yong)情況化(hua)肥、農(nong)藥(yao)具(ju)體使用(yong)辦法：三氟氯氰，6月份(fen)和8月份(fen)各噴一次，2.5%的三氟氯氫菊(ju)酯2000-3000倍液，防治(zhi)大(da)蔥(cong)薊馬、大(da)蔥(cong)斑(ban)潛蠅。阿維(wei)菌素，9月份(fen)用(yong)1.8%阿維(wei)菌素乳油3-4.5PPM噴霧，防治大(da)蔥斑潛蠅。代森錳鋅，9月中旬開始每隔15天噴一次(ci)1000-1500倍液連噴2-3次(ci)，防治霜(shuang)霉病、灰霉病。氟樂(le)(le)靈(ling)，用48%的氟樂(le)(le)靈(ling)除草(cao)劑在4月底到5月初兌水進行噴灑地面。過磷酸(suan)鈣(gai)，作為(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)，畝(mu)施(shi)50公斤(jin)。尿(niao)素，作為(wei)(wei)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)，7月中(zhong)旬(xun)(xun)、8月下(xia)旬(xun)(xun)畝(mu)追(zhui)15公斤(jin)左(zuo)右。農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)嚴(yan)格按(an)照國家(jia)頒布(bu)的(de)(de)《農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)合理(li)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則(ze)》和《農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)安全(quan)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)標(biao)準(zhun)執行》，在生產上不(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)國家(jia)明令禁止(zhi)的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。如：甲胺磷、久效磷、對(dui)(dui)硫(liu)磷、甲基(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)硫(liu)磷和磷胺等。農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)要有專人負(fu)責登記保管(guan)，保管(guan)人員核對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)的(de)(de)數(shu)量(liang)、品種和“三證”后，方(fang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)入庫(ku)。農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在技術人員的(de)(de)指(zhi)導下(xia)適時(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)，對(dui)(dui)癥施(shi)藥(yao)，交替施(shi)藥(yao)。嚴(yan)格掌(zhang)握農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)的(de)(de)安全(quan)間(jian)隔期(qi)，及(ji)時(shi)做(zuo)(zuo)好農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)田(tian)間(jian)檔案記錄。嚴(yan)格執行肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)合理(li)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則(ze)。根據土壤化(hua)驗成果配(pei)(pei)方(fang)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)。施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)原則(ze)：以有機肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)主，以施(shi)基(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)主，追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)輔，盡量(liang)限(xian)制化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。對(dui)(dui)化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)種類、來(lai)源(yuan)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)情(qing)況要做(zuo)(zuo)詳細記錄。使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)“三證”俱(ju)全(quan)的(de)(de)產品，不(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)城(cheng)市(shi)生活垃圾，施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)必須經過腐熟無害化(hua)處理(li)方(fang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。不(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)污(wu)水灌溉大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)，杜絕一切(qie)有害物質進(jin)入農(nong)(nong)田(tian)。病(bing)蟲(chong)害防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)物理(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)糖、醋(cu)、酒、水、敵百(bai)蟲(chong)晶體按(an)3:3:1：10:0.5的(de)(de)比例配(pei)(pei)成溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，裝入小(xiao)瓶中(zhong)，支撐于田(tian)間(jian)，保持不(bu)(bu)干(gan)，誘(you)殺蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)蠅等害蟲(chong)。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)：霜霉病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)初期(qi)噴(pen)灑(sa)(sa)70%代(dai)(dai)森錳鋅可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，或(huo)75%百(bai)菌(jun)清可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)600倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，隔7-10天1次(ci)(ci)，連(lian)續(xu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)2-3次(ci)(ci)。銹病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)初期(qi)噴(pen)灑(sa)(sa)15%三唑酮(tong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)2000-2500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，隔10天左(zuo)右1次(ci)(ci)，連(lian)續(xu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)2-3次(ci)(ci)。紫斑病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)初期(qi)噴(pen)灑(sa)(sa)75%百(bai)菌(jun)清可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)500-600倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，或(huo)70%代(dai)(dai)森錳鋅1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，或(huo)50%撲(pu)(pu)海因可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)1500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，隔7-10天噴(pen)灑(sa)(sa)1次(ci)(ci)，連(lian)續(xu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)3-4次(ci)(ci)，均有較好的(de)(de)效果。黑斑病(bing)噴(pen)灑(sa)(sa)75%百(bai)菌(jun)清可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)600倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，或(huo)50%撲(pu)(pu)海因可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)(ji)1500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，隔7-10天噴(pen)灑(sa)(sa)1次(ci)(ci)，連(lian)續(xu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)3-4次(ci)(ci)。灰(hui)霉病(bing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)50%撲(pu)(pu)海因1500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，或(huo)70%代(dai)(dai)森錳鋅1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，噴(pen)霧防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)地種蠅在成蟲(chong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生期(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)2.5%三氟氯氰乳(ru)油(you)(you)3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)打，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)對(dui)(dui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生地蛆(qu)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)田(tian)毒死蜱乳(ru)油(you)(you)800倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)灌根。蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)斑潛(qian)蠅用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1.8%阿(a)維菌(jun)素乳(ru)油(you)(you)3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)薊馬可(ke)(ke)(ke)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)3%的(de)(de)啶蟲(chong)脒(mi)乳(ru)油(you)(you)2000-3000倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)0.26%苦(ku)參堿1500倍(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，進(jin)行噴(pen)打防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。