一.產品介紹
萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)分布在萬(wan)(wan)(wan)榮縣萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉鄉(xiang)、南張鄉(xiang)所屬(shu)的(de)28個行政村(cun),地域保護范(fan)圍東經(jing)35°21′37″~35°26′27″,北緯110°39′11″~110°49′49″,種植面積 894.6公頃,年產(chan)大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)6.5萬(wan)(wan)(wan)噸。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)頗負盛名,距(ju)今(jin)已有一千多(duo)年的(de)生產(chan)歷史,在唐(tang)朝時曾作為(wei)貢(gong)品(pin)進獻。《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)榮縣志》上記載:本縣所產(chan)大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong),層多(duo)、肉厚(hou),蔥(cong)(cong)桿(gan)(gan)長(chang)達(da)1市(shi)尺(chi),形如鞭桿(gan)(gan),故名鞭桿(gan)(gan)蔥(cong)(cong)。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)產(chan)量(liang)高(gao)、品(pin)質(zhi)好、桿(gan)(gan)粗桿(gan)(gan)長(chang)、潔白鮮嫩,辣(la)甜(tian)適度,營養(yang)豐富(fu)、健(jian)脾養(yang)胃、耐貯宜存(cun)、上市(shi)期長(chang),是人們吃飯不可缺少的(de)調(diao)味品(pin)。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)泉大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)中(zhong)的(de)糖、粗纖維(wei)、粗蛋白、鈣、鋅、鐵、蘋果酸等(deng)多(duo)種礦物質(zhi)及微量(liang)元素含(han)量(liang)均居(ju)國家同類產(chan)品(pin)之首,具有極大(da)(da)(da)的(de)藥用價(jia)值,有健(jian)康、養(yang)胃、解(jie)熱發(fa)汗,補虛助陽等(deng)特殊功效。
二(er).自(zi)然生態(tai)環境和人文歷(li)史因(yin)素(su)
土壤(rang)(rang)地(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang):萬泉鄉地(di)處晉、豫(yu)、陜三角州(zhou),黃(huang)金地(di)段,運城市西北,孤峰山(shan)背(bei)陰,黃(huang)土高(gao)原,峨眉丘陵(ling)臺地(di),位于萬榮縣城正南(nan)山(shan)基(ji)(ji)巖(yan)中山(shan)區,分布(bu)在(zai)孤山(shan)北坡一(yi)帶,海拔600-800多(duo)米(mi),地(di)勢(shi)東南(nan)高(gao)西北低,呈百分5公(gong)里,屬于孤之五的(de)坡度漸(jian)趨次(ci)降低的(de)三級(ji)臺地(di)地(di)勢(shi),土壤(rang)(rang)中性(xing),PH值在(zai)8左右,土層深厚、肥沃,通(tong)透性(xing)好,土壤(rang)(rang)養分狀況(kuang):有(you)(you)機(ji)質含量(liang)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)12.42g/kg,全氮(dan)約0.74 g/kg,有(you)(you)效磷約14.54mg/kg,速(su)效鉀約160.50mg/kg,緩效鉀約838.3mg/kg,有(you)(you)效銅約26.87mg/kg,有(you)(you)效鋅約1.27mg/kg,有(you)(you)效鐵約4.9g/kg。有(you)(you)效硼約0.27 g/kg,有(you)(you)效鉬約0.14g/kg.土壤(rang)(rang)質地(di)較粗,土層較薄,約180-200m,土壤(rang)(rang)透水(shui)(shui)透氣(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)良好,排澇能(neng)(neng)力強。水(shui)(shui)土中度流(liu)失(shi),周圍無(wu)化(hua)工企業,基(ji)(ji)本無(wu)污染,以上(shang)條件基(ji)(ji)本適宜大(da)蔥(cong)栽培(pei)。水(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang):地(di)下水(shui)(shui)資源豐富,灌溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)符合無(wu)公(gong)害食(shi)品(pin)相應標準(zhun)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu),水(shui)(shui)質質量(liang)合格,全鄉有(you)(you)機(ji)井(jing)11眼,單(dan)井(jing)出水(shui)(shui)量(liang)為25-50方(fang)/小(xiao)時,機(ji)井(jing)基(ji)(ji)本配套。當地(di)灌溉(gai)主要(yao)(yao)是管(guan)灌,基(ji)(ji)本上(shang)能(neng)(neng)滿足大(da)蔥(cong)生育關(guan)鍵期(qi)用水(shui)(shui),極有(you)(you)利于優(you)質大(da)蔥(cong)的(de)生產。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況(kuang):氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候屬暖溫帶大(da)陸性(xing)季風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候,暖劇烈,四季分明,年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫11.8℃,日(ri)照(zhao)時數2364小(xiao)時,年(nian)降雨(yu)量(liang)550mm,無(wu)霜189天,農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)生長期(qi)257天,土壤(rang)(rang)凍結期(qi)105天,年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蒸發量(liang)1862.8mm,年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)光照(zhao)2364.3小(xiao)時。年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫11.8度,最(zui)高(gao)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)25.6度,最(zui)低-3.9度,0-20cm年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)土溫13度。
三.地域范圍
根據《農產品地(di)理標志(zhi)登(deng)記(ji)管理辦法》的(de)規定以及(ji)大(da)(da)(da)蔥特有的(de)自(zi)然生態環(huan)境條件,經(jing)縣(xian)政(zheng)府和縣(xian)農委(wei)研(yan)究(jiu)決定,劃定萬榮縣(xian)大(da)(da)(da)蔥地(di)理標志(zhi)地(di)域保(bao)護范(fan)圍(wei):萬泉(quan)(quan)鄉、南張鄉所屬(shu)的(de)28個行(xing)政(zheng)村(cun),具體包括萬泉(quan)(quan)鄉的(de)橋頭、橋上、柳家院、屬(shu)里、東(dong)丁(ding)、西(xi)丁(ding)、萬泉(quan)(quan)、北澗、北里、廟后(hou)、楊家垛、林山、荊村(cun)、荊淮、澗薛;南張鄉的(de)太趙、薛李、百帝、李家、王家、尚家、姚家、南張、閆(yan)村(cun)、東(dong)蘇(su)馮、西(xi)蘇(su)馮、萬榮莊、范(fan)村(cun)。東(dong)到萬泉(quan)(quan)鄉荊淮村(cun)、西(xi)到南張鄉萬榮莊村(cun)、南到萬泉(quan)(quan)鄉柳家院村(cun)、北到南張鄉太趙村(cun),經(jing)度35°21′36.6″--35°26′27.0″,緯度110°39′11.0″--110°49′49.3″產地(di)面積 894.6公頃,年產大(da)(da)(da)蔥65000噸。
四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征
1.產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)色萬泉(quan)鄉以獨特(te)的(de)地理優勢和氣候環境,養育著大(da)蔥栽(zai)植有(you)600年的(de)歷史,萬泉(quan)大(da)蔥產量(liang)(liang)高、品(pin)質(zhi)好、桿(gan)(gan)粗(cu)(cu)桿(gan)(gan)長、潔白鮮嫩,辣甜適度,營養豐富、健脾養胃(wei)、耐貯(zhu)宜存、上(shang)市期長,也(ye)是人(ren)們吃飯不可(ke)缺少的(de)調味(wei)品(pin)。萬泉(quan)大(da)蔥中的(de)糖、粗(cu)(cu)纖(xian)維(wei)、粗(cu)(cu)蛋白、鈣(gai)、鋅、鐵、蘋果酸等多種礦物質(zhi)及微量(liang)(liang)元素含(han)量(liang)(liang)均居國家同類產品(pin)之首,具有(you)極大(da)的(de)藥用價值(zhi),有(you)健康、養胃(wei)、解熱(re)發(fa)汗,補(bu)虛助陽等特(te)殊功效。其(qi)中鉀(jia)144-167mg/100g,維(wei)生素C17-21mg/100g,鈣(gai)29-33mg/100g,磷(lin)30-37mg/100g,鎂8-11mg/100g。
2. 產(chan)(chan)品質量安全規定:嚴(yan)格按(an)(an)照(zhao)農(nong)委統一印制的(de)(de)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記錄(lu)(lu)建立地理標(biao)志農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品“萬泉”牌(pai)萬泉大蔥的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)檔案,詳細記錄(lu)(lu)投入(ru)品的(de)(de)采購地、名稱、用量方(fang)法、注意事(shi)項等(deng),并對各(ge)個(ge)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)環節所采取的(de)(de)技術措施嚴(yan)格按(an)(an)照(zhao)標(biao)準化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術規程進行(xing)并做好(hao)記錄(lu)(lu)。對每批商(shang)品要嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)巡(xun)檢和抽樣檢查,并按(an)(an)農(nong)戶編號做好(hao)登記,嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)嚴(yan)格準出和市場準入(ru)制度。
五(wu).特定生(sheng)產方式
萬泉大(da)蔥在生產地塊選(xuan)擇、品(pin)種選(xuan)擇、栽(zai)植、土(tu)肥水管理、病蟲害防治 收獲等(deng)生產過(guo)程中嚴格執行無公害大(da)蔥標準化生產技術(shu)操作規程
1.產(chan)地(di)選擇產(chan)地(di)條件(jian)(jian)符合(he)《無公(gong)害食(shi)品蔬菜(cai)產(chan)地(di)環境(jing)條件(jian)(jian)》(NY5010-2002)的(de)要求。產(chan)地(di)遠離“工(gong)業三廢”污染源2km以上,且離醫院、學校、居民區、公(gong)路(lu)主干線500m以上,空(kong)氣良(liang)好的(de)地(di)塊作為產(chan)地(di)。
2.品種選擇及生產過程管理:育苗育苗方式:露地育苗。品種選擇:選用優質、抗病、高產的品種,如:章丘大蔥、萬泉牌1號、家祿1號等。種子質量:應選用當年新種子,符合GB8079種子標準。用種量:每667m2用種3kg-4kg。種子處理:用55℃溫水攪拌浸種20分鐘-30分鐘,或用0.2%高錳酸鉀溶液浸種20分鐘-30分鐘,撈出洗凈晾干后播種。育苗床準備:選地勢平坦,排灌方便,土質肥沃,近三年未種過蔥蒜類蔬菜的地塊。結合整地每667m2施腐熟有機肥3000公斤左右,適量施入氮磷肥,淺耕細耙,整平作畦。播(bo)種(zhong):在(zai)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)上中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬進(jin)行播(bo)種(zhong),先澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)足(zu)(zu)底(di)水,水滲(shen)后(hou)將種(zhong)子(zi)均勻播(bo)撒(sa)與床面,覆(fu)細土(tu)0.8cm-1.0cm。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)期管(guan)理:苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)出齊后(hou),保持土(tu)壤見干見濕,適當(dang)控制水肥(fei)(fei)(fei),上凍前(qian)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)一次(ci)(ci)凍水。翌年春(chun)季土(tu)壤解凍后(hou)及時(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)返(fan)青(qing)水,幼(you)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)返(fan)青(qing)后(hou)結(jie)合澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水每667m2追(zhui)施(shi)氮(dan)(dan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(N)4kg(折尿(niao)素(su)(su)8.7kg)。間苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)1-2次(ci)(ci),苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)距(ju)3cm-4cm見方,定植前(qian)7天(tian)-10天(tian)停(ting)止(zhi)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水。定植前(qian)準(zhun)備前(qian)茬(cha):為(wei)(wei)非蔥(cong)蒜類蔬菜(cai)。整(zheng)地施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei):地面撒(sa)施(shi)地下殺蟲劑,噴打氟樂靈除(chu)草(cao)劑,施(shi)足(zu)(zu)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),每667m2撒(sa)施(shi)優質有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)3000公(gong)斤(jin)左右(缺少農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei),可(ke)用(yong)腐植酸(suan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)100-200kg),氮(dan)(dan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(N)3kg(折尿(niao)素(su)(su)6.5kg),過磷酸(suan)鈣50kg,然后(hou)用(yong)鏇(xuan)耕(geng)器鏇(xuan)好地待栽。定植定植期:4月(yue)(yue)(yue)下旬、5月(yue)(yue)(yue)上中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬密度:每667m212000株(zhu)-22000株(zhu),行株(zhu)距(ju)60cm-80cm×5cm-7cm。方法:蔥(cong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)要分(fen)級,按大、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、小苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)分(fen)開(kai)定植。用(yong)犁開(kai)溝,人工插,在(zai)開(kai)好的(de)(de)蔥(cong)溝內,將蔥(cong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)插入(ru)溝底(di),深(shen)度以下埋住五(wu)杈股為(wei)(wei)宜(yi),兩邊壓實(shi)后(hou)再澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水。定植后(hou)管(guan)理中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕(geng)除(chu)草(cao):定植緩苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou),天(tian)氣(qi)逐(zhu)漸(jian)進(jin)入(ru)炎熱夏季,植株(zhu)處于(yu)半休眠狀(zhuang)態,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕(geng)保墑,清除(chu)雜草(cao),雨后(hou)及時(shi)排出田間積水。水肥(fei)(fei)(fei)管(guan)理:進(jin)入(ru)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)份,大蔥(cong)開(kai)始旺(wang)盛(sheng)生(sheng)長,要保持土(tu)壤濕潤(run),逐(zhu)漸(jian)增加澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水次(ci)(ci)數和(he)加大水量,收獲前(qian)7天(tian)-10天(tian)停(ting)止(zhi)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水;追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)品種(zhong)以尿(niao)素(su)(su)、硫酸(suan)銨(an)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),結(jie)合澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水,分(fen)別于(yu)立秋(qiu)、白(bai)露兩個節(jie)氣(qi),每667m2追(zhui)施(shi)尿(niao)素(su)(su)10-15kg。生(sheng)長中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)期還可(ke)用(yong)0.5%磷酸(suan)二氫鉀溶液(ye)、氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)葉面肥(fei)(fei)(fei)等葉面追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)2-3次(ci)(ci)。培土(tu):為(wei)(wei)軟化蔥(cong)白(bai),防止(zhi)倒伏,要結(jie)合追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水、雨后(hou)進(jin)行4次(ci)(ci)培土(tu)。將行間的(de)(de)潮濕土(tu)盡量培到蔥(cong)稈兩側并拍實(shi),以不埋住五(wu)杈股為(wei)(wei)宜(yi)。
3.產品收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)及(ji)產后處(chu)理規定收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)時(shi)(shi)期:據(ju)市(shi)場(chang)需要,隨時(shi)(shi)收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)上市(shi)。收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)方(fang)式:收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)時(shi)(shi),可用鐵鍬將蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)壟一側挖活,露出蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)后再用手輕拔(ba),切忌猛拔(ba),猛拔(ba)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)、拉斷莖盤或斷根而降低商(shang)品質量。收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)后的(de)(de)(de)大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)應抖凈泥土(tu),攤(tan)放在(zai)(zai)地里(li),鋪成一排(pai),在(zai)(zai)地里(li)晾曬(shai)2-3天。待葉(xie)片柔軟,須(xu)根和蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)表層(ceng)半干(gan)時(shi)(shi),除去枯葉(xie),分級捆(kun)綁,每捆(kun)5kg-10kg。在(zai)(zai)大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產過程中(zhong),嚴把各個(ge)關口,確(que)保產品質量合格。在(zai)(zai)大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)前,要組織(zhi)檢(jian)驗人員(yuan)對(dui)產品進行農藥(yao)殘留(liu)速測(ce)。注(zhu)重檢(jian)驗人員(yuan)業務素質的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高,思想覺(jue)悟的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高,要求檢(jian)測(ce)人員(yuan)抱著對(dui)人民健康高度負(fu)責的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)神,對(dui)每個(ge)檢(jian)測(ce)數據(ju)負(fu)責,減(jian)少人為誤差(cha)。不斷地對(dui)檢(jian)測(ce)人員(yuan)加強(qiang)培(pei)訓,外出參觀,提(ti)高掌(zhang)握先進的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)技術,確(que)保人民群眾的(de)(de)(de)身(shen)體健康。
4. 生產記錄(lu)要求(qiu):化(hua)(hua)肥農藥使用(yong)情況化(hua)(hua)肥、農藥具體使用(yong)辦法:三氟氯氰,6月份(fen)和(he)8月份(fen)各噴一次,2.5%的三氟氯氫菊酯2000-3000倍液,防治大(da)蔥薊馬、大(da)蔥斑(ban)潛(qian)蠅(ying)。阿維菌素(su),9月份用1.8%阿維菌素(su)乳油3-4.5PPM噴霧,防治大(da)蔥(cong)斑潛蠅。代森錳(meng)鋅,9月中旬開(kai)始每隔15天噴一次(ci)1000-1500倍液連噴2-3次(ci),防治霜(shuang)霉病(bing)、灰霉病(bing)。氟樂(le)靈(ling),用48%的氟樂(le)靈(ling)除草劑在4月底(di)到5月初兌(dui)水進行噴灑地面。過磷(lin)(lin)酸鈣,作為(wei)基肥(fei)(fei),畝(mu)施50公斤。尿素,作為(wei)追肥(fei)(fei),7月中旬(xun)、8月下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)畝(mu)追15公斤左右(you)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)嚴(yan)格按照國家(jia)頒布(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)合理(li)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)》和(he)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)安(an)全使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)標準執行(xing)》,在(zai)生產(chan)(chan)上(shang)不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)國家(jia)明令禁止的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)。如:甲(jia)胺磷(lin)(lin)、久效磷(lin)(lin)、對(dui)硫磷(lin)(lin)、甲(jia)基對(dui)硫磷(lin)(lin)和(he)磷(lin)(lin)胺等。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)要(yao)有(you)(you)專人(ren)負責登(deng)記保(bao)管(guan),保(bao)管(guan)人(ren)員核對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數量、品(pin)種和(he)“三證”后(hou),方可(ke)入(ru)(ru)庫(ku)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)技術人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指導下(xia)(xia)適(shi)時用(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao),對(dui)癥施藥(yao)(yao),交替(ti)施藥(yao)(yao)。嚴(yan)格掌(zhang)握農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全間隔(ge)期(qi),及時做(zuo)好(hao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)間檔案記錄。嚴(yan)格執行(xing)肥(fei)(fei)料合理(li)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)。根據土壤(rang)化驗成果配(pei)(pei)方施肥(fei)(fei)。施肥(fei)(fei)原則(ze):以(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)主,以(yi)(yi)施基肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)主,追肥(fei)(fei)為(wei)輔,盡(jin)量限制化肥(fei)(fei)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)。對(dui)化肥(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種類(lei)、來源使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)情況(kuang)要(yao)做(zuo)詳(xiang)細記錄。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)“三證”俱全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin),不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)城(cheng)市生活垃圾(ji),施用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)必須經過腐熟無害(hai)(hai)(hai)化處理(li)方可(ke)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。不用(yong)(yong)(yong)污水(shui)灌溉(gai)大蔥(cong)(cong),杜絕一切(qie)有(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)物質(zhi)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)。病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)防治物理(li)防治:用(yong)(yong)(yong)糖、醋、酒、水(shui)、敵百蟲(chong)(chong)晶體按3:3:1:10:0.5的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比例(li)配(pei)(pei)成溶液(ye),裝入(ru)(ru)小瓶(ping)中,支撐于田(tian)間,保(bao)持不干,誘(you)殺蔥(cong)(cong)蠅等害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)。藥(yao)(yao)劑(ji)防治:霜霉病(bing)(bing)(bing)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)初(chu)期(qi)噴(pen)灑(sa)70%代(dai)森(sen)錳鋅可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)75%百菌清(qing)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),隔(ge)7-10天1次(ci)(ci),連(lian)續(xu)防治2-3次(ci)(ci)。銹病(bing)(bing)(bing)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)初(chu)期(qi)噴(pen)灑(sa)15%三唑(zuo)酮可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)2000-2500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),隔(ge)10天左右(you)1次(ci)(ci),連(lian)續(xu)防治2-3次(ci)(ci)。紫斑(ban)病(bing)(bing)(bing)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)初(chu)期(qi)噴(pen)灑(sa)75%百菌清(qing)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)500-600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)70%代(dai)森(sen)錳鋅1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)50%撲(pu)海(hai)因可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),隔(ge)7-10天噴(pen)灑(sa)1次(ci)(ci),連(lian)續(xu)防治3-4次(ci)(ci),均有(you)(you)較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果。黑斑(ban)病(bing)(bing)(bing)噴(pen)灑(sa)75%百菌清(qing)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)50%撲(pu)海(hai)因可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)(fen)劑(ji)1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),隔(ge)7-10天噴(pen)灑(sa)1次(ci)(ci),連(lian)續(xu)防治3-4次(ci)(ci)。灰霉病(bing)(bing)(bing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%撲(pu)海(hai)因1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)70%代(dai)森(sen)錳鋅1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),噴(pen)霧防治。蔥(cong)(cong)地種蠅在(zai)成蟲(chong)(chong)發(fa)生期(qi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)2.5%三氟氯氰乳油3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)打(da),也可(ke)對(dui)發(fa)生地蛆蔥(cong)(cong)田(tian)毒死(si)蜱乳油800倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)灌根。蔥(cong)(cong)斑(ban)潛蠅用(yong)(yong)(yong)1.8%阿維菌素乳油3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴(pen)霧防治。蔥(cong)(cong)薊(ji)馬可(ke)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)3%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)啶蟲(chong)(chong)脒乳油2000-3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)0.26%苦參堿1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),進(jin)行(xing)噴(pen)打(da)防治。