一.產品介紹
萬(wan)(wan)泉(quan)大(da)蔥(cong)分布在萬(wan)(wan)榮(rong)縣(xian)萬(wan)(wan)泉(quan)鄉、南張鄉所(suo)屬(shu)的(de)(de)28個行政村,地域保(bao)護范圍東經35°21′37″~35°26′27″,北(bei)緯110°39′11″~110°49′49″,種植面積 894.6公頃,年產(chan)(chan)(chan)大(da)蔥(cong)6.5萬(wan)(wan)噸。萬(wan)(wan)泉(quan)大(da)蔥(cong)頗負(fu)盛名,距今已(yi)有(you)一千(qian)多(duo)年的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)歷史,在唐朝時曾作為貢品(pin)(pin)(pin)進獻。《萬(wan)(wan)榮(rong)縣(xian)志(zhi)》上記載:本縣(xian)所(suo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)大(da)蔥(cong),層(ceng)多(duo)、肉厚,蔥(cong)桿(gan)長達1市尺,形如(ru)鞭桿(gan),故名鞭桿(gan)蔥(cong)。萬(wan)(wan)泉(quan)大(da)蔥(cong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量高、品(pin)(pin)(pin)質好(hao)、桿(gan)粗桿(gan)長、潔白(bai)鮮嫩,辣(la)甜適度,營養豐富、健(jian)脾養胃、耐貯宜存、上市期長,是人們吃飯不可缺少的(de)(de)調味品(pin)(pin)(pin)。萬(wan)(wan)泉(quan)大(da)蔥(cong)中的(de)(de)糖、粗纖維、粗蛋白(bai)、鈣、鋅、鐵(tie)、蘋果(guo)酸等(deng)多(duo)種礦物質及微量元素含量均(jun)居國家同類(lei)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)之首,具有(you)極大(da)的(de)(de)藥(yao)用價(jia)值(zhi),有(you)健(jian)康、養胃、解(jie)熱(re)發汗,補虛助陽等(deng)特(te)殊功效(xiao)。
二(er).自然生態環境(jing)和人文歷史因素(su)
土(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)貌情況:萬泉鄉地(di)(di)(di)處晉、豫、陜三(san)(san)角州,黃金(jin)地(di)(di)(di)段,運城(cheng)市西(xi)北(bei),孤峰山(shan)(shan)背(bei)陰,黃土(tu)高(gao)原,峨眉(mei)丘陵臺地(di)(di)(di),位于萬榮縣城(cheng)正南(nan)山(shan)(shan)基(ji)巖中山(shan)(shan)區(qu),分布在孤山(shan)(shan)北(bei)坡(po)(po)一帶,海拔600-800多米,地(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)東南(nan)高(gao)西(xi)北(bei)低,呈(cheng)百分5公里,屬于孤之五的(de)(de)坡(po)(po)度(du)漸趨次降(jiang)低的(de)(de)三(san)(san)級臺地(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)勢(shi),土(tu)壤中性(xing),PH值(zhi)在8左右,土(tu)層深(shen)厚、肥(fei)沃,通透性(xing)好(hao),土(tu)壤養分狀況:有(you)機(ji)質含量平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)12.42g/kg,全氮(dan)約(yue)0.74 g/kg,有(you)效(xiao)磷約(yue)14.54mg/kg,速效(xiao)鉀約(yue)160.50mg/kg,緩效(xiao)鉀約(yue)838.3mg/kg,有(you)效(xiao)銅(tong)約(yue)26.87mg/kg,有(you)效(xiao)鋅約(yue)1.27mg/kg,有(you)效(xiao)鐵約(yue)4.9g/kg。有(you)效(xiao)硼約(yue)0.27 g/kg,有(you)效(xiao)鉬(mu)約(yue)0.14g/kg.土(tu)壤質地(di)(di)(di)較粗,土(tu)層較薄(bo),約(yue)180-200m,土(tu)壤透水(shui)(shui)透氣(qi)性(xing)良好(hao),排澇能力強(qiang)。水(shui)(shui)土(tu)中度(du)流(liu)失,周(zhou)圍(wei)無(wu)化工(gong)企(qi)業,基(ji)本無(wu)污(wu)染,以上條(tiao)件基(ji)本適(shi)宜大蔥栽(zai)培。水(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況:地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)資源豐富,灌(guan)溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)均(jun)(jun)符合無(wu)公害食品(pin)相應標(biao)準的(de)(de)要(yao)求,水(shui)(shui)質質量合格,全鄉有(you)機(ji)井11眼,單(dan)井出水(shui)(shui)量為25-50方(fang)/小時(shi)(shi),機(ji)井基(ji)本配套。當地(di)(di)(di)灌(guan)溉(gai)主(zhu)要(yao)是管(guan)灌(guan),基(ji)本上能滿足大蔥生育(yu)關(guan)鍵期用(yong)水(shui)(shui),極有(you)利于優質大蔥的(de)(de)生產(chan)。氣(qi)候情況:氣(qi)候屬暖溫帶大陸性(xing)季風(feng)氣(qi)候,暖劇烈,四季分明(ming),年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫11.8℃,日照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數2364小時(shi)(shi),年降(jiang)雨(yu)量550mm,無(wu)霜189天(tian),農作(zuo)物平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)生長期257天(tian),土(tu)壤凍結期105天(tian),年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)蒸發量1862.8mm,年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)光照(zhao)2364.3小時(shi)(shi)。年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫11.8度(du),最(zui)高(gao)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)25.6度(du),最(zui)低-3.9度(du),0-20cm年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)土(tu)溫13度(du)。
三.地域范圍
根據《農產品(pin)地理(li)標志登記(ji)管理(li)辦法》的規(gui)定以及(ji)大蔥(cong)特(te)有的自(zi)然生態環境條件,經縣(xian)(xian)政府和縣(xian)(xian)農委研究決定,劃定萬(wan)榮(rong)(rong)縣(xian)(xian)大蔥(cong)地理(li)標志地域保護范圍:萬(wan)泉(quan)(quan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、南張(zhang)(zhang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)所屬(shu)的28個行政村(cun)(cun),具體(ti)包括萬(wan)泉(quan)(quan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)的橋頭、橋上、柳(liu)家(jia)(jia)院、屬(shu)里、東丁(ding)、西(xi)丁(ding)、萬(wan)泉(quan)(quan)、北(bei)澗、北(bei)里、廟(miao)后、楊家(jia)(jia)垛、林山、荊村(cun)(cun)、荊淮、澗薛;南張(zhang)(zhang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)的太(tai)趙、薛李(li)、百帝(di)、李(li)家(jia)(jia)、王家(jia)(jia)、尚家(jia)(jia)、姚家(jia)(jia)、南張(zhang)(zhang)、閆村(cun)(cun)、東蘇(su)馮(feng)、西(xi)蘇(su)馮(feng)、萬(wan)榮(rong)(rong)莊、范村(cun)(cun)。東到(dao)(dao)(dao)萬(wan)泉(quan)(quan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)荊淮村(cun)(cun)、西(xi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)南張(zhang)(zhang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)萬(wan)榮(rong)(rong)莊村(cun)(cun)、南到(dao)(dao)(dao)萬(wan)泉(quan)(quan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)柳(liu)家(jia)(jia)院村(cun)(cun)、北(bei)到(dao)(dao)(dao)南張(zhang)(zhang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)太(tai)趙村(cun)(cun),經度35°21′36.6″--35°26′27.0″,緯度110°39′11.0″--110°49′49.3″產地面(mian)積 894.6公(gong)頃(qing),年(nian)產大蔥(cong)65000噸。
四.產品品質特性(xing)特征
1.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)色萬(wan)泉鄉以獨特(te)的地(di)理優勢和氣候環境,養(yang)(yang)育著大蔥栽植有600年(nian)的歷史,萬(wan)泉大蔥產量(liang)高、品(pin)質好、桿(gan)粗(cu)桿(gan)長、潔(jie)白鮮嫩,辣甜適度,營(ying)養(yang)(yang)豐富、健(jian)(jian)脾養(yang)(yang)胃、耐貯宜存、上市(shi)期長,也是人們(men)吃飯不(bu)可缺少的調味品(pin)。萬(wan)泉大蔥中(zhong)的糖、粗(cu)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)、粗(cu)蛋白、鈣、鋅、鐵、蘋果酸等多種礦物(wu)質及微量(liang)元素(su)含量(liang)均居(ju)國(guo)家同類產品(pin)之首,具有極大的藥用(yong)價值,有健(jian)(jian)康(kang)、養(yang)(yang)胃、解熱發汗,補虛助陽等特(te)殊功效(xiao)。其中(zhong)鉀144-167mg/100g,維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)素(su)C17-21mg/100g,鈣29-33mg/100g,磷30-37mg/100g,鎂(mei)8-11mg/100g。
2. 產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量安全規定(ding):嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照農(nong)委統一印制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)記(ji)(ji)錄建立地理標(biao)志農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)“萬泉(quan)”牌萬泉(quan)大蔥的(de)生產(chan)檔案,詳細(xi)記(ji)(ji)錄投入(ru)品(pin)的(de)采購(gou)地、名稱、用量方法、注意事項等,并(bing)(bing)對各個生產(chan)環節所采取的(de)技(ji)術措施嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照標(biao)準化生產(chan)技(ji)術規程(cheng)進行并(bing)(bing)做好(hao)(hao)記(ji)(ji)錄。對每批商品(pin)要嚴(yan)格(ge)執(zhi)行巡檢和抽樣檢查,并(bing)(bing)按(an)農(nong)戶(hu)編號做好(hao)(hao)登記(ji)(ji),嚴(yan)格(ge)執(zhi)行嚴(yan)格(ge)準出和市場準入(ru)制(zhi)(zhi)度。
五.特定生產方式
萬泉大蔥在生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)地塊選擇、品(pin)種選擇、栽(zai)植、土肥(fei)水管理、病蟲害防治 收(shou)獲等生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)中嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)無(wu)公害大蔥標準化生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技術操作規程(cheng)
1.產地選擇產地條件(jian)符合(he)《無公害(hai)食品蔬菜產地環境(jing)條件(jian)》(NY5010-2002)的要求。產地遠離(li)(li)“工(gong)業三(san)廢”污染源2km以上(shang)(shang),且離(li)(li)醫院、學校、居民區、公路(lu)主(zhu)干(gan)線500m以上(shang)(shang),空氣(qi)良好的地塊作為產地。
2.品種選擇及生產過程管理:育苗育苗方式:露地育苗。品種選擇:選用優質、抗病、高產的品種,如:章丘大蔥、萬泉牌1號、家祿1號等。種子質量:應選用當年新種子,符合GB8079種子標準。用種量:每667m2用種3kg-4kg。種子處理:用55℃溫水攪拌浸種20分鐘-30分鐘,或用0.2%高錳酸鉀溶液浸種20分鐘-30分鐘,撈出洗凈晾干后播種。育苗床準備:選地勢平坦,排灌方便,土質肥沃,近三年未種過蔥蒜類蔬菜的地塊。結合整地每667m2施腐熟有機肥3000公斤左右,適量施入氮磷肥,淺耕細耙,整平作畦。播(bo)種:在9月(yue)上中(zhong)(zhong)旬進(jin)行播(bo)種,先澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)足(zu)底水(shui)(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)(shui)滲后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)將種子均(jun)勻播(bo)撒與床面(mian),覆細土(tu)0.8cm-1.0cm。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)期(qi)管(guan)理(li)(li):苗(miao)(miao)(miao)出(chu)齊后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),保(bao)持土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)見(jian)干見(jian)濕(shi),適當控制(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),上凍前澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)一(yi)次(ci)凍水(shui)(shui)(shui)。翌年春季(ji)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)解凍后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及時(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)返(fan)青水(shui)(shui)(shui),幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)返(fan)青后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)結(jie)合澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)每(mei)667m2追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(N)4kg(折尿(niao)素(su)8.7kg)。間苗(miao)(miao)(miao)1-2次(ci),苗(miao)(miao)(miao)距(ju)3cm-4cm見(jian)方,定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前7天(tian)-10天(tian)停止澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前準備前茬:為(wei)非蔥(cong)蒜類蔬菜。整地(di)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei):地(di)面(mian)撒施(shi)(shi)地(di)下殺(sha)蟲劑(ji),噴打氟樂靈除草劑(ji),施(shi)(shi)足(zu)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),每(mei)667m2撒施(shi)(shi)優質(zhi)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)3000公斤左右(缺少農家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),可(ke)用腐(fu)植(zhi)(zhi)酸(suan)(suan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)100-200kg),氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(N)3kg(折尿(niao)素(su)6.5kg),過磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)鈣50kg,然后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用鏇耕器(qi)鏇好地(di)待栽。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)期(qi):4月(yue)下旬、5月(yue)上中(zhong)(zhong)旬密(mi)度(du):每(mei)667m212000株-22000株,行株距(ju)60cm-80cm×5cm-7cm。方法:蔥(cong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)要分級(ji),按大、中(zhong)(zhong)、小苗(miao)(miao)(miao)分開定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)。用犁(li)開溝,人工(gong)插,在開好的蔥(cong)溝內(nei),將蔥(cong)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)插入溝底,深度(du)以下埋(mai)(mai)住(zhu)五杈(cha)股為(wei)宜(yi),兩邊壓實后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)再(zai)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)管(guan)理(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)耕除草:定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)緩苗(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),天(tian)氣逐(zhu)漸進(jin)入炎(yan)熱夏(xia)季(ji),植(zhi)(zhi)株處于(yu)半休眠狀態(tai),中(zhong)(zhong)耕保(bao)墑,清除雜草,雨后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及時(shi)排出(chu)田(tian)間積水(shui)(shui)(shui)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)管(guan)理(li)(li):進(jin)入8月(yue)份(fen),大蔥(cong)開始旺盛生長(chang),要保(bao)持土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)濕(shi)潤,逐(zhu)漸增加(jia)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)次(ci)數和加(jia)大水(shui)(shui)(shui)量,收獲前7天(tian)-10天(tian)停止澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui);追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)品種以尿(niao)素(su)、硫酸(suan)(suan)銨為(wei)主,結(jie)合澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui),分別于(yu)立秋(qiu)、白露兩個節(jie)氣,每(mei)667m2追(zhui)施(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素(su)10-15kg。生長(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)還可(ke)用0.5%磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)二氫鉀溶液、氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)葉面(mian)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)葉面(mian)追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)2-3次(ci)。培(pei)土(tu):為(wei)軟化蔥(cong)白,防止倒伏(fu),要結(jie)合追(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、雨后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)行4次(ci)培(pei)土(tu)。將行間的潮濕(shi)土(tu)盡(jin)量培(pei)到蔥(cong)稈兩側(ce)并拍實,以不埋(mai)(mai)住(zhu)五杈(cha)股為(wei)宜(yi)。
3.產品(pin)(pin)(pin)收獲(huo)及(ji)產后(hou)處(chu)理規定收獲(huo)時期:據市場(chang)需要(yao),隨時收獲(huo)上(shang)市。收獲(huo)方(fang)式:收獲(huo)大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)時,可用鐵鍬將蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)壟一側挖活,露出蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)后(hou)再(zai)用手輕拔(ba),切忌猛(meng)拔(ba),猛(meng)拔(ba)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)、拉斷莖盤(pan)或斷根而降低(di)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量。收獲(huo)后(hou)的(de)(de)大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)應(ying)抖凈泥土,攤放在地(di)里,鋪成一排,在地(di)里晾曬2-3天。待葉片柔軟,須根和蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)表(biao)層半干時,除去枯葉,分級捆(kun)綁,每捆(kun)5kg-10kg。在大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)生產過程中,嚴把(ba)各個關口,確保產品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量合格。在大(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)收獲(huo)前,要(yao)組織(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)驗人(ren)員對(dui)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)進行農藥殘留速測(ce)(ce)。注重(zhong)檢(jian)(jian)驗人(ren)員業務素質(zhi)的(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)高,思想覺悟的(de)(de)提(ti)(ti)高,要(yao)求檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)人(ren)員抱著對(dui)人(ren)民健康高度負責的(de)(de)精神(shen),對(dui)每個檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)數據負責,減(jian)少人(ren)為誤差。不斷地(di)對(dui)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)人(ren)員加強培(pei)訓,外出參觀(guan),提(ti)(ti)高掌握先進的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)技術,確保人(ren)民群眾的(de)(de)身體健康。
4. 生(sheng)產記錄要求:化(hua)肥(fei)農藥(yao)使用情況(kuang)化(hua)肥(fei)、農藥(yao)具(ju)體使用辦法(fa):三(san)氟(fu)氯(lv)氰,6月份和8月份各噴(pen)一次,2.5%的三(san)氟(fu)氯(lv)氫菊酯(zhi)2000-3000倍液,防治大蔥(cong)薊馬、大蔥(cong)斑潛蠅(ying)。阿維菌(jun)素,9月(yue)份用1.8%阿維菌(jun)素乳油3-4.5PPM噴(pen)(pen)霧,防治(zhi)大蔥斑潛蠅。代森錳鋅(xin),9月(yue)中旬開始(shi)每隔15天噴(pen)(pen)一次1000-1500倍液連噴(pen)(pen)2-3次,防治(zhi)霜霉病(bing)、灰霉病(bing)。氟樂(le)靈,用48%的(de)氟樂(le)靈除(chu)草(cao)劑在4月(yue)底到(dao)5月(yue)初(chu)兌水(shui)進行噴灑(sa)地面(mian)。過磷(lin)(lin)酸鈣,作為(wei)(wei)(wei)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei),畝(mu)(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)50公斤。尿素,作為(wei)(wei)(wei)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei),7月中(zhong)旬、8月下(xia)旬畝(mu)(mu)追15公斤左右。農(nong)(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)嚴格按照國家(jia)頒布的(de)(de)《農(nong)(nong)藥合(he)理使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)》和(he)《農(nong)(nong)藥安全(quan)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)標(biao)準執行(xing)》,在(zai)生(sheng)產上不使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)國家(jia)明令禁止的(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)藥。如(ru):甲胺磷(lin)(lin)、久效磷(lin)(lin)、對(dui)(dui)硫磷(lin)(lin)、甲基對(dui)(dui)硫磷(lin)(lin)和(he)磷(lin)(lin)胺等(deng)。農(nong)(nong)藥要(yao)有(you)(you)專人負(fu)責登記保管(guan)(guan),保管(guan)(guan)人員核對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)數量、品種(zhong)(zhong)和(he)“三(san)證”后,方(fang)可(ke)入庫(ku)。農(nong)(nong)藥施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)技術人員的(de)(de)指導下(xia)適時用(yong)(yong)(yong)藥,對(dui)(dui)癥施(shi)(shi)(shi)藥,交替施(shi)(shi)(shi)藥。嚴格掌(zhang)握農(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)安全(quan)間隔(ge)期,及時做好(hao)農(nong)(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)田(tian)間檔案記錄(lu)(lu)。嚴格執行(xing)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)合(he)理使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)。根據(ju)土(tu)壤化驗成(cheng)(cheng)果配(pei)方(fang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)原則(ze):以有(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,以施(shi)(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔,盡量限制化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。對(dui)(dui)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)類、來源使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)要(yao)做詳細記錄(lu)(lu)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)“三(san)證”俱全(quan)的(de)(de)產品,不使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)城市生(sheng)活垃圾,施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)必(bi)須(xu)經過腐(fu)熟(shu)無害化處理方(fang)可(ke)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。不用(yong)(yong)(yong)污水灌(guan)溉大(da)蔥(cong),杜絕一(yi)切有(you)(you)害物質進入農(nong)(nong)田(tian)。病(bing)蟲害防(fang)治物理防(fang)治:用(yong)(yong)(yong)糖、醋、酒、水、敵百(bai)蟲晶體按3:3:1:10:0.5的(de)(de)比(bi)例(li)配(pei)成(cheng)(cheng)溶液(ye),裝入小瓶(ping)中(zhong),支撐于田(tian)間,保持(chi)不干,誘殺(sha)蔥(cong)蠅等(deng)害蟲。藥劑(ji)(ji)防(fang)治:霜(shuang)霉病(bing)發病(bing)初(chu)(chu)期噴灑(sa)(sa)70%代(dai)森錳鋅(xin)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)75%百(bai)菌清(qing)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),隔(ge)7-10天1次(ci)(ci),連(lian)續(xu)防(fang)治2-3次(ci)(ci)。銹病(bing)發病(bing)初(chu)(chu)期噴灑(sa)(sa)15%三(san)唑酮可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)2000-2500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),隔(ge)10天左右1次(ci)(ci),連(lian)續(xu)防(fang)治2-3次(ci)(ci)。紫斑(ban)病(bing)發病(bing)初(chu)(chu)期噴灑(sa)(sa)75%百(bai)菌清(qing)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)500-600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)70%代(dai)森錳鋅(xin)1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)50%撲海因(yin)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),隔(ge)7-10天噴灑(sa)(sa)1次(ci)(ci),連(lian)續(xu)防(fang)治3-4次(ci)(ci),均有(you)(you)較好(hao)的(de)(de)效果。黑斑(ban)病(bing)噴灑(sa)(sa)75%百(bai)菌清(qing)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)50%撲海因(yin)可(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),隔(ge)7-10天噴灑(sa)(sa)1次(ci)(ci),連(lian)續(xu)防(fang)治3-4次(ci)(ci)。灰霉病(bing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%撲海因(yin)1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),或(huo)70%代(dai)森錳鋅(xin)1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),噴霧(wu)防(fang)治。蔥(cong)地種(zhong)(zhong)蠅在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)蟲發生(sheng)期,用(yong)(yong)(yong)2.5%三(san)氟氯氰乳(ru)油(you)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴打,也可(ke)對(dui)(dui)發生(sheng)地蛆蔥(cong)田(tian)毒死蜱乳(ru)油(you)800倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)灌(guan)根。蔥(cong)斑(ban)潛蠅用(yong)(yong)(yong)1.8%阿維菌素乳(ru)油(you)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)噴霧(wu)防(fang)治。蔥(cong)薊馬可(ke)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)3%的(de)(de)啶(ding)蟲脒乳(ru)油(you)2000-3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)或(huo)0.26%苦(ku)參堿(jian)1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye),進行(xing)噴打防(fang)治。