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一.產品介紹

萬(wan)泉(quan)大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)分布在(zai)萬(wan)榮縣(xian)萬(wan)泉(quan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、南張鄉(xiang)(xiang)所屬的28個行(xing)政(zheng)村，地(di)域保護(hu)范圍(wei)東經(jing)35°21′37″～35°26′27″，北緯110°39′11″～110°49′49″，種植面積 894.6公頃，年產大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)6.5萬(wan)噸。萬(wan)泉(quan)大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)頗負盛(sheng)名，距今(jin)已有(you)一(yi)千多年的生產歷(li)史，在(zai)唐朝(chao)時(shi)曾作為貢(gong)品(pin)(pin)進獻(xian)。《萬(wan)榮縣(xian)志》上(shang)記載：本(ben)縣(xian)所產大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)，層多、肉厚，蔥(cong)(cong)桿(gan)(gan)長(chang)(chang)達(da)1市尺，形如鞭桿(gan)(gan)，故名鞭桿(gan)(gan)蔥(cong)(cong)。萬(wan)泉(quan)大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)產量(liang)高(gao)、品(pin)(pin)質好、桿(gan)(gan)粗(cu)(cu)桿(gan)(gan)長(chang)(chang)、潔白(bai)鮮(xian)嫩，辣甜(tian)適度，營(ying)養(yang)(yang)豐富、健(jian)脾(pi)養(yang)(yang)胃(wei)、耐貯宜存、上(shang)市期長(chang)(chang)，是人們吃(chi)飯不可缺少的調味品(pin)(pin)。萬(wan)泉(quan)大(da)(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)中的糖、粗(cu)(cu)纖(xian)維(wei)、粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)、鈣(gai)、鋅、鐵、蘋(pin)果(guo)酸等(deng)多種礦(kuang)物(wu)質及(ji)微量(liang)元(yuan)素含(han)量(liang)均居國(guo)家(jia)同類產品(pin)(pin)之首，具有(you)極大(da)(da)(da)的藥(yao)用價值，有(you)健(jian)康、養(yang)(yang)胃(wei)、解熱(re)發汗，補虛助陽等(deng)特殊功效(xiao)。

二.自然生態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素(su)

土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)情(qing)況(kuang)：萬泉鄉地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處晉、豫、陜三(san)角(jiao)州，黃金地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)段，運城市西北，孤峰山背陰，黃土(tu)(tu)高(gao)原，峨眉(mei)丘陵臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，位于萬榮縣城正南(nan)山基(ji)(ji)巖中(zhong)山區，分布(bu)在孤山北坡(po)一帶，海拔600-800多米，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)東南(nan)高(gao)西北低(di)，呈百分5公(gong)里(li)，屬(shu)于孤之五(wu)的(de)(de)坡(po)度漸趨次降(jiang)低(di)的(de)(de)三(san)級(ji)臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)性(xing)，PH值(zhi)在8左右(you)，土(tu)(tu)層深厚、肥沃，通透(tou)(tou)性(xing)好(hao)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)養(yang)分狀況(kuang)：有(you)(you)機(ji)質含量平(ping)均(jun)(jun)12.42g/kg，全氮約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)0.74 g/kg，有(you)(you)效(xiao)磷(lin)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)14.54mg/kg，速效(xiao)鉀約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)160.50mg/kg，緩(huan)效(xiao)鉀約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)838.3mg/kg，有(you)(you)效(xiao)銅(tong)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)26.87mg/kg，有(you)(you)效(xiao)鋅(xin)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1.27mg/kg，有(you)(you)效(xiao)鐵約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)4.9g/kg。有(you)(you)效(xiao)硼約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)0.27 g/kg，有(you)(you)效(xiao)鉬(mu)約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)0.14g/kg.土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)質地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)較粗，土(tu)(tu)層較薄(bo)，約(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)180-200m，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)透(tou)(tou)水透(tou)(tou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)良(liang)好(hao)，排澇能力強(qiang)。水土(tu)(tu)中(zhong)度流失，周圍無(wu)化工企業，基(ji)(ji)本無(wu)污染，以上條件基(ji)(ji)本適宜大蔥(cong)(cong)栽培。水文情(qing)況(kuang)：地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水資源豐富，灌(guan)溉水均(jun)(jun)符合無(wu)公(gong)害食品相(xiang)應標準的(de)(de)要(yao)求，水質質量合格，全鄉有(you)(you)機(ji)井11眼，單(dan)井出水量為25-50方/小時(shi)，機(ji)井基(ji)(ji)本配套。當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)灌(guan)溉主(zhu)要(yao)是(shi)管(guan)灌(guan)，基(ji)(ji)本上能滿足大蔥(cong)(cong)生育關(guan)鍵期用水，極(ji)有(you)(you)利于優(you)質大蔥(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)生產。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況(kuang)：氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)屬(shu)暖溫(wen)帶大陸性(xing)季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)，暖劇烈，四季(ji)分明(ming)，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)11.8℃，日照時(shi)數(shu)2364小時(shi)，年(nian)降(jiang)雨量550mm，無(wu)霜189天(tian)，農作物平(ping)均(jun)(jun)生長期257天(tian)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)凍結期105天(tian)，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)蒸發量1862.8mm，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)光照2364.3小時(shi)。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)11.8度，最高(gao)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)25.6度，最低(di)-3.9度，0-20cm年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)土(tu)(tu)溫(wen)13度。

三.地域范圍

根據《農(nong)產品(pin)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)登記(ji)管理(li)辦法(fa)》的(de)規定(ding)以及大蔥(cong)特(te)有的(de)自然生態(tai)環境條件，經(jing)縣(xian)政府和(he)縣(xian)農(nong)委研究決定(ding)，劃定(ding)萬榮(rong)(rong)縣(xian)大蔥(cong)地(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)地(di)域保護范圍(wei)：萬泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南(nan)(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)所屬的(de)28個行政村(cun)(cun)(cun)，具(ju)體包括(kuo)萬泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)橋頭、橋上、柳家(jia)(jia)(jia)院(yuan)、屬里(li)、東丁、西(xi)丁、萬泉、北(bei)澗(jian)、北(bei)里(li)、廟后、楊家(jia)(jia)(jia)垛、林(lin)山(shan)、荊村(cun)(cun)(cun)、荊淮、澗(jian)薛；南(nan)(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)太趙、薛李、百帝、李家(jia)(jia)(jia)、王家(jia)(jia)(jia)、尚家(jia)(jia)(jia)、姚家(jia)(jia)(jia)、南(nan)(nan)張、閆村(cun)(cun)(cun)、東蘇(su)馮、西(xi)蘇(su)馮、萬榮(rong)(rong)莊(zhuang)、范村(cun)(cun)(cun)。東到(dao)(dao)萬泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)荊淮村(cun)(cun)(cun)、西(xi)到(dao)(dao)南(nan)(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)萬榮(rong)(rong)莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、南(nan)(nan)到(dao)(dao)萬泉鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)柳家(jia)(jia)(jia)院(yuan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、北(bei)到(dao)(dao)南(nan)(nan)張鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)太趙村(cun)(cun)(cun)，經(jing)度(du)35°21′36.6″--35°26′27.0″，緯度(du)110°39′11.0″--110°49′49.3″產地(di)面(mian)積 894.6公頃(qing)，年產大蔥(cong)65000噸(dun)。

四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征

1.產品品質特色萬(wan)(wan)泉鄉(xiang)以獨特的(de)(de)地理優(you)勢和(he)氣候環境，養育著大(da)蔥(cong)栽(zai)植有600年的(de)(de)歷史，萬(wan)(wan)泉大(da)蔥(cong)產量(liang)高、品質好(hao)、桿(gan)粗桿(gan)長(chang)、潔白(bai)鮮嫩，辣甜適度，營養豐富、健(jian)脾(pi)養胃、耐貯宜存、上市期長(chang)，也是(shi)人(ren)們吃飯不可缺少的(de)(de)調(diao)味品。萬(wan)(wan)泉大(da)蔥(cong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)糖、粗纖維、粗蛋白(bai)、鈣、鋅、鐵、蘋果酸等多種礦(kuang)物(wu)質及微(wei)量(liang)元素含量(liang)均居(ju)國家(jia)同類產品之首，具有極大(da)的(de)(de)藥用價值(zhi)，有健(jian)康(kang)、養胃、解熱發汗，補(bu)虛助陽等特殊功(gong)效。其中(zhong)鉀(jia)144-167mg/100g，維生素C17-21mg/100g，鈣29-33mg/100g，磷(lin)30-37mg/100g，鎂8-11mg/100g。

2. 產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量安全規(gui)定：嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)按(an)照農委統一印制的農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)記錄建立地(di)理標(biao)志農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)“萬泉(quan)”牌萬泉(quan)大蔥的生產(chan)(chan)檔案，詳細記錄投入品(pin)的采購(gou)地(di)、名稱、用量方法、注意事(shi)項等(deng)，并(bing)對(dui)各個生產(chan)(chan)環節所采取的技術(shu)措(cuo)施嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)按(an)照標(biao)準化生產(chan)(chan)技術(shu)規(gui)程進行并(bing)做好記錄。對(dui)每批商品(pin)要嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)執行巡檢和抽(chou)樣檢查，并(bing)按(an)農戶編號做好登(deng)記，嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)執行嚴(yan)(yan)格(ge)準出和市場準入制度。

五.特定生產方(fang)式

萬泉大蔥在生(sheng)(sheng)產地塊選(xuan)擇(ze)、品種選(xuan)擇(ze)、栽植、土肥水管理、病蟲害防(fang)治 收獲等生(sheng)(sheng)產過程中嚴格執行無(wu)公害大蔥標準化生(sheng)(sheng)產技(ji)術(shu)操作(zuo)規程

1.產地(di)選(xuan)擇產地(di)條(tiao)件符(fu)合《無公(gong)害食品蔬菜產地(di)環(huan)境條(tiao)件》（NY5010-2002）的(de)要求。產地(di)遠(yuan)離“工業三廢”污(wu)染源2km以上，且離醫院、學校、居民(min)區、公(gong)路主(zhu)干線500m以上，空(kong)氣(qi)良(liang)好的(de)地(di)塊作為產地(di)。

2.品種選擇及生產過程管理：育苗育苗方式：露地育苗。品種選擇：選用優質、抗病、高產的品種，如：章丘大蔥、萬泉牌1號、家祿1號等。種子質量：應選用當年新種子，符合GB8079種子標準。用種量：每667m2用種3kg-4kg。種子處理：用55℃溫水攪拌浸種20分鐘-30分鐘，或用0.2%高錳酸鉀溶液浸種20分鐘-30分鐘，撈出洗凈晾干后播種。育苗床準備：選地勢平坦，排灌方便，土質肥沃，近三年未種過蔥蒜類蔬菜的地塊。結合整地每667m2施腐熟有機肥3000公斤左右，適量施入氮磷肥，淺耕細耙，整平作畦。播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：在9月(yue)上中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬進行播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，先澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)足底水，水滲后(hou)(hou)將種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子均勻播(bo)撒(sa)與(yu)床(chuang)面(mian)，覆細土0.8cm-1.0cm。苗(miao)期(qi)管理：苗(miao)出齊后(hou)(hou)，保持(chi)土壤(rang)見(jian)(jian)干見(jian)(jian)濕，適當控制水肥(fei)(fei)，上凍前(qian)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)一次(ci)凍水。翌年春季土壤(rang)解(jie)凍后(hou)(hou)及時(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)返青水，幼苗(miao)返青后(hou)(hou)結合澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水每667m2追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)（N）4kg（折尿素8.7kg）。間(jian)苗(miao)1-2次(ci)，苗(miao)距(ju)3cm-4cm見(jian)(jian)方(fang)(fang)，定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)7天-10天停止(zhi)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)準(zhun)備前(qian)茬：為(wei)(wei)非(fei)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)蒜類蔬菜(cai)。整地(di)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)：地(di)面(mian)撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)地(di)下殺(sha)蟲劑，噴打(da)氟樂(le)靈(ling)除草(cao)劑，施(shi)(shi)足基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)，每667m2撒(sa)施(shi)(shi)優質有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)3000公斤左右（缺少(shao)農家肥(fei)(fei)，可(ke)用腐(fu)植(zhi)(zhi)酸肥(fei)(fei)100-200kg），氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)（N）3kg（折尿素6.5kg），過磷酸鈣(gai)50kg，然后(hou)(hou)用鏇耕(geng)器鏇好地(di)待栽。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)期(qi)：4月(yue)下旬、5月(yue)上中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬密度(du)：每667m212000株(zhu)(zhu)-22000株(zhu)(zhu)，行株(zhu)(zhu)距(ju)60cm-80cm×5cm-7cm。方(fang)(fang)法：蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)苗(miao)要分(fen)級，按(an)大(da)(da)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、小苗(miao)分(fen)開(kai)(kai)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)。用犁(li)開(kai)(kai)溝，人工插，在開(kai)(kai)好的蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)溝內，將蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)苗(miao)插入溝底，深度(du)以(yi)下埋(mai)住五(wu)(wu)杈(cha)股(gu)為(wei)(wei)宜，兩(liang)邊壓(ya)實(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)再澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)管理中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕(geng)除草(cao)：定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)緩苗(miao)后(hou)(hou)，天氣(qi)逐(zhu)漸進入炎(yan)熱夏季，植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)處于半(ban)休眠狀態(tai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)耕(geng)保墑，清除雜草(cao)，雨(yu)后(hou)(hou)及時(shi)排出田間(jian)積水。水肥(fei)(fei)管理：進入8月(yue)份，大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)開(kai)(kai)始旺盛生長(chang)，要保持(chi)土壤(rang)濕潤，逐(zhu)漸增加(jia)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水次(ci)數和(he)加(jia)大(da)(da)水量，收獲前(qian)7天-10天停止(zhi)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水；追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)尿素、硫酸銨為(wei)(wei)主，結合澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水，分(fen)別于立(li)秋、白(bai)露兩(liang)個節氣(qi)，每667m2追(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)尿素10-15kg。生長(chang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)期(qi)還可(ke)用0.5%磷酸二氫鉀溶(rong)液、氨基(ji)酸葉面(mian)肥(fei)(fei)等葉面(mian)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)2-3次(ci)。培(pei)土：為(wei)(wei)軟化蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)，防止(zhi)倒伏，要結合追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)澆(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)水、雨(yu)后(hou)(hou)進行4次(ci)培(pei)土。將行間(jian)的潮濕土盡量培(pei)到(dao)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)稈兩(liang)側(ce)并拍實(shi)(shi)，以(yi)不埋(mai)住五(wu)(wu)杈(cha)股(gu)為(wei)(wei)宜。

3.產(chan)(chan)品收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)(huo)及產(chan)(chan)后處理規定收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)(huo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)：據(ju)市場需要，隨時(shi)(shi)(shi)收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)(huo)上市。收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)(huo)方式：收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)(huo)大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可用(yong)鐵鍬將(jiang)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)壟一側挖(wa)活，露(lu)出蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)后再用(yong)手輕拔(ba)，切忌(ji)猛拔(ba)，猛拔(ba)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)、拉(la)斷莖盤(pan)或(huo)斷根(gen)而(er)降低商(shang)品質量(liang)。收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)(huo)后的(de)大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)應抖凈泥土(tu)，攤(tan)放在地(di)里，鋪成一排，在地(di)里晾曬2-3天。待(dai)葉(xie)片柔軟，須根(gen)和蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)表層半干時(shi)(shi)(shi)，除(chu)去枯葉(xie)，分級(ji)捆(kun)綁(bang)，每捆(kun)5kg-10kg。在大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程中，嚴(yan)把各個關口(kou)，確保(bao)(bao)產(chan)(chan)品質量(liang)合(he)格。在大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)(huo)前，要組織檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)人(ren)員對(dui)產(chan)(chan)品進行(xing)農藥殘留速測(ce)。注(zhu)重檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)人(ren)員業(ye)務素質的(de)提高(gao)，思(si)想(xiang)覺悟的(de)提高(gao)，要求檢(jian)測(ce)人(ren)員抱著對(dui)人(ren)民健(jian)康高(gao)度負責(ze)的(de)精神，對(dui)每個檢(jian)測(ce)數(shu)據(ju)負責(ze)，減少人(ren)為誤差。不斷地(di)對(dui)檢(jian)測(ce)人(ren)員加強(qiang)培訓，外(wai)出參(can)觀，提高(gao)掌握先進的(de)檢(jian)測(ce)技(ji)術，確保(bao)(bao)人(ren)民群眾(zhong)的(de)身(shen)體健(jian)康。 

4. 生產(chan)記(ji)錄要求：化(hua)肥(fei)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使用情況化(hua)肥(fei)、農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)具(ju)體使用辦法(fa)：三氟氯氰，6月份和(he)8月份各噴一次(ci)，2.5%的三氟氯氫(qing)菊酯2000-3000倍液，防治大蔥薊馬(ma)、大蔥斑潛蠅。阿(a)維菌(jun)素，9月(yue)份(fen)用1.8%阿(a)維菌(jun)素乳油3-4.5PPM噴(pen)霧(wu)，防(fang)治大蔥斑潛蠅。代森錳鋅，9月(yue)中旬(xun)開始每隔(ge)15天噴(pen)一次1000-1500倍(bei)液連噴(pen)2-3次，防(fang)治霜霉病、灰霉病。氟樂靈(ling)，用48%的氟樂靈(ling)除草劑在4月(yue)底到5月(yue)初兌水進行噴灑地面。過磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)鈣，作(zuo)為(wei)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，畝(mu)施50公斤(jin)。尿素(su)，作(zuo)為(wei)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，7月中(zhong)旬、8月下旬畝(mu)追15公斤(jin)左右(you)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)嚴(yan)格按照國家頒布的(de)《農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)合理使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則(ze)》和《農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)安(an)全使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)標準(zhun)執(zhi)行》，在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產上不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)國家明令禁止的(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。如：甲胺磷(lin)(lin)、久效磷(lin)(lin)、對(dui)硫磷(lin)(lin)、甲基(ji)對(dui)硫磷(lin)(lin)和磷(lin)(lin)胺等。農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)要有(you)專人負責登記(ji)(ji)保(bao)(bao)管，保(bao)(bao)管人員核對(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)數量(liang)(liang)、品種和“三(san)(san)證”后，方可(ke)(ke)(ke)入(ru)庫。農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)在技術人員的(de)指導下適時用(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)，對(dui)癥施藥(yao)(yao)(yao)，交替施藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。嚴(yan)格掌握(wo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)安(an)全間(jian)隔(ge)(ge)期，及時做好農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)田(tian)間(jian)檔案記(ji)(ji)錄。嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)合理使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則(ze)。根據土(tu)壤化驗成(cheng)果配方施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原則(ze)：以有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)，以施基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)，追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)輔，盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)限制化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)。對(dui)化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)的(de)種類、來源使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)情(qing)況(kuang)要做詳細記(ji)(ji)錄。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)“三(san)(san)證”俱全的(de)產品，不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)城(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃(la)圾，施用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)必須經過腐熟(shu)無害化處(chu)理方可(ke)(ke)(ke)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。不用(yong)(yong)(yong)污(wu)水灌溉(gai)大蔥，杜絕一切有(you)害物(wu)質進(jin)入(ru)農(nong)(nong)(nong)田(tian)。病(bing)蟲(chong)害防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)理防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)糖、醋、酒、水、敵(di)百(bai)蟲(chong)晶體按3:3:1：10:0.5的(de)比例配成(cheng)溶液(ye)(ye)，裝入(ru)小(xiao)瓶中(zhong)，支撐于(yu)田(tian)間(jian)，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)不干，誘殺(sha)蔥蠅等害蟲(chong)。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)：霜霉病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)初期噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)(sa)70%代(dai)森錳鋅(xin)可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)75%百(bai)菌(jun)清可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，隔(ge)(ge)7-10天(tian)1次(ci)(ci)(ci)，連續防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2-3次(ci)(ci)(ci)。銹病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)初期噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)(sa)15%三(san)(san)唑(zuo)酮可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑2000-2500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，隔(ge)(ge)10天(tian)左右(you)1次(ci)(ci)(ci)，連續防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2-3次(ci)(ci)(ci)。紫(zi)斑病(bing)發(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)初期噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)(sa)75%百(bai)菌(jun)清可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑500-600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)70%代(dai)森錳鋅(xin)1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)50%撲海(hai)(hai)因(yin)可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，隔(ge)(ge)7-10天(tian)噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)(sa)1次(ci)(ci)(ci)，連續防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)3-4次(ci)(ci)(ci)，均有(you)較(jiao)好的(de)效果。黑斑病(bing)噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)(sa)75%百(bai)菌(jun)清可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑600倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)50%撲海(hai)(hai)因(yin)可(ke)(ke)(ke)濕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉(fen)劑1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，隔(ge)(ge)7-10天(tian)噴(pen)(pen)灑(sa)(sa)1次(ci)(ci)(ci)，連續防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)3-4次(ci)(ci)(ci)。灰霉病(bing)用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%撲海(hai)(hai)因(yin)1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)70%代(dai)森錳鋅(xin)1000-1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，噴(pen)(pen)霧防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。蔥地種蠅在成(cheng)蟲(chong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)期，用(yong)(yong)(yong)2.5%三(san)(san)氟氯氰乳(ru)油(you)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)打，也可(ke)(ke)(ke)對(dui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地蛆蔥田(tian)毒死蜱乳(ru)油(you)800倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)灌根。蔥斑潛蠅用(yong)(yong)(yong)1.8%阿維菌(jun)素(su)乳(ru)油(you)3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。蔥薊馬可(ke)(ke)(ke)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)3%的(de)啶蟲(chong)脒乳(ru)油(you)2000-3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)0.26%苦參堿(jian)1500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)，進(jin)行噴(pen)(pen)打防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。