米脂小米營(ying)養豐(feng)富。據(ju)測定,蛋白(bai)質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)達11.2%~13.4%,脂肪(fang)含(han)量(liang)4.5%,比(bi)普通(tong)小米高1%~3%。所含(han)蛋白(bai)質(zhi)、脂肪(fang)均高于(yu)大米、面粉(fen)。人(ren)體必需的(de)(de)(de)8種氨(an)基酸含(han)量(liang)豐(feng)富而比(bi)例協調。如賴氨(an)酸0.22%~5.24%,蛋氨(an)酸0.4%,色氨(an)酸0.25%,亮氨(an)酸1.87%,蘇氨(an)酸、異亮氨(an)酸及纈氨(an)酸等含(han)量(liang)在0.42%~2.88%之間。維生素的(de)(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)亦較豐(feng)富,而粗纖維的(de)(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)又是幾種主(zhu)要糧食(shi)作物中最低的(de)(de)(de)。為產婦、幼兒及老人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)滋補佳(jia)品。
介紹
米(mi)(mi)脂小(xiao)米(mi)(mi),是陜北黃土高原(yuan)(yuan)米(mi)(mi)脂縣(xian)的(de)一種特(te)產。因延安(an)革命(ming)圣(sheng)地的(de)歷(li)史影響,又稱延安(an)小(xiao)米(mi)(mi)。它色澤金(jin)黃,顆粒渾圓,晶瑩透亮,質優味香。該原(yuan)(yuan)糧谷(gu)子(zi),儲(chu)存數年,害(hai)蟲難蝕,米(mi)(mi)質不變(bian),最(zui)適合國家長(chang)期戰略儲(chu)備(bei)。該成(cheng)品(pin)糧小(xiao)米(mi)(mi),燜成(cheng)干飯,香甜爽(shuang)口,越嚼越香。
煮成稀飯(fan),粘糊(hu)適口(kou),回味余香(xiang)。米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)湯表面,可以揭起三(san)層油(you)皮,故(gu)名米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)小(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),明清之(zhi)際,即(ji)享譽全國(guo),敕封為朝廷四(si)大貢品(pin)小(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)之(zhi)一(yi)。四(si)大貢米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)為:山西沁縣(xian)(xian)檀山村“沁州黃”、陜西米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)“米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”、山東金鄉(xiang)縣(xian)(xian)馬廟鎮(zhen)“金谷米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”、河北蔚縣(xian)(xian)桃(tao)花鎮(zhen)“桃(tao)花米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)”。該貢米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),因(yin)李(li)自(zi)成造反,被移(yi)位(wei)山東龍山。后毛主(zhu)席帶領紅軍(jun)北上抗日,才成為世界亮點(dian)——“小(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)加(jia)步槍”的八路軍(jun)軍(jun)需小(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。
產地環境
米(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)位于(yu)(yu)陜(shan)西省北(bei)部(bu),陜(shan)北(bei)黃(huang)土(tu)(tu)高原中(zhong)部(bu),無定河中(zhong)游丘陵溝壑(he)區。全縣(xian)總土(tu)(tu)地面(mian)積1212平方(fang)千(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi),總耕地53萬畝,總人口22萬,其(qi)中(zhong)農業人口18萬,是一個純(chun)農業縣(xian)。土(tu)(tu)壤類型主要為黃(huang)綿土(tu)(tu),占土(tu)(tu)壤總面(mian)積的96%,土(tu)(tu)壤缺(que)氮、少磷、鉀豐富,有利于(yu)(yu)小(xiao)雜糧(liang)等作物生長,加(jia)之(zhi)光熱充足(zu)、晝(zhou)夜溫差(cha)大(da)、雨量適中(zhong),發(fa)展無公害、綠色食品具有得天(tian)獨(du)厚的自然條件和(he)產業基(ji)礎。米(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)(zhi)種植谷子已有五千(qian)年歷史,其(qi)小(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)質優味美營養(yang)高,“米(mi)(mi)(mi)汁如脂(zhi)(zhi)”譽(yu)滿(man)全國(guo)(guo),成為我(wo)國(guo)(guo)“四大(da)著名小(xiao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)”之(zhi)一。根據米(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)志記載:“米(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)(zhi)城以(yi)地有米(mi)(mi)(mi)脂(zhi)(zhi)水(shui),沃壤宜粟,米(mi)(mi)(mi)汁淅之(zhi)如脂(zhi)(zhi),故以(yi)名城。”
2014年(nian),該縣全縣農作(zuo)物(wu)種(zhong)植面積47.9萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu),其(qi)中(zhong)馬(ma)鈴薯(shu)15萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)、小(xiao)雜糧(liang)15萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)、玉米7.6萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu),年(nian)糧(liang)食產量預計為9.84萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)噸,谷類(lei)作(zuo)物(wu)4.6萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)噸,其(qi)中(zhong)谷子1.27萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)噸。