馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯是(shi)陜(shan)西省(sheng)定邊縣傳統的糧菜兼用(yong)作(zuo)物,也(ye)是(shi)全縣第一大宗農作(zuo)物,種植(zhi)歷史(shi)悠久。馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯地下塊(kuai)莖呈(cheng)圓(yuan)、卵(luan)、橢圓(yuan)等形(xing),有(you)芽眼,皮紅、黃、白或紫(zi)(zi)色(se)。地上(shang)莖呈(cheng)棱形(xing),有(you)毛,奇數羽狀復葉(xie)。聚傘花序頂生,花白、紅或紫(zi)(zi)色(se);漿果球形(xing),綠或紫(zi)(zi)褐色(se);種子腎形(xing),黃色(se)。多用(yong)塊(kuai)莖繁(fan)殖,可入藥。
簡介
馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)陜西省定(ding)邊縣(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)統的糧菜兼用作物,也是(shi)全縣(xian)(xian)第(di)一大宗(zong)農作物,種植歷史悠久。定(ding)邊縣(xian)(xian)委(wei)、縣(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府按照“特色農業(ye)(ye)(ye)富民(min)、馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)經濟引領(ling)”的戰(zhan)略(lve)思路,抓(zhua)住馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)不放松,不斷(duan)優(you)化(hua)種植布局,積極(ji)調(diao)整品種結構,加強(qiang)優(you)質薯(shu)(shu)(shu)推廣(guang),穩步推進產業(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)開(kai)發,使馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)成(cheng)為帶動全縣(xian)(xian)近28萬農民(min)實現致富奔小康最具(ju)優(you)勢潛力(li)的主(zhu)導產業(ye)(ye)(ye),2007年定(ding)邊縣(xian)(xian)被農業(ye)(ye)(ye)部(bu)命(ming)名為“中國(guo)(guo)馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)特產之鄉”、獲陜西省無公害農產品生產基地及產品認證(zheng),“定(ding)邊洋芋”被國(guo)(guo)家工商總局注冊受地理標志保護.
種植規模
種植基(ji)地(di)規(gui)模(mo)大,產量高。馬鈴薯(shu)是(shi)定邊縣栽培面(mian)積(ji)最(zui)(zui)大、分(fen)布范圍最(zui)(zui)廣(guang)的(de)(de)農作(zuo)物。截至2006年種植面(mian)積(ji)達100萬畝(mu)(mu),總(zong)產鮮薯(shu)105萬噸,規(gui)模(mo)連片種植基(ji)地(di)在萬畝(mu)(mu)以上(shang)的(de)(de)鄉鎮(zhen)有18個(ge)(ge),4萬畝(mu)(mu)以上(shang)的(de)(de)鄉鎮(zhen)有8個(ge)(ge),100畝(mu)(mu)以上(shang)的(de)(de)專業種植大戶有3000戶,全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣農民人(ren)均達3.5畝(mu)(mu),占到全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣農作(zuo)物種植面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)56%。定邊縣馬鈴薯(shu)種植面(mian)積(ji)是(shi)榆林市的(de)(de)三(san)分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)、陜西省的(de)(de)五(wu)分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi)和全(quan)(quan)(quan)國的(de)(de)七十分(fen)之(zhi)一(yi),成為陜西省馬鈴薯(shu)生產第一(yi)大縣,在全(quan)(quan)(quan)國位(wei)居前列。
地理優勢
自然(ran)地理資源優勢(shi)強,產(chan)(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)優。定邊(bian)(bian)(bian)縣(xian)海拔高(gao)、氣候冷涼(liang)、光照充足、雨熱(re)同季(ji)、晝夜溫(wen)差大(da)、加之(zhi)土(tu)地廣闊、土(tu)層深厚(hou)、土(tu)質(zhi)疏(shu)松宜耕(geng),為馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)生(sheng)長發(fa)育創造了(le)得天(tian)獨厚(hou)的自然(ran)地理氣候環境,是(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)最佳(jia)優生(sheng)區之(zhi)一(yi)。全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)已(yi)建(jian)成脫毒微型薯(shu)(shu)原種(zhong)擴繁基地2000畝,一(yi)級種(zhong)薯(shu)(shu)擴繁基地3萬(wan)畝,主推品(pin)種(zhong)有(you)紫花白、費烏瑞(rui)它、隴薯(shu)(shu)3號、大(da)西洋、夏(xia)坡蒂、新大(da)坪、早大(da)白等,優質(zhi)薯(shu)(shu)年推廣面積達60萬(wan)畝。定邊(bian)(bian)(bian)種(zhong)薯(shu)(shu)退化慢、病蟲害(hai)少、產(chan)(chan)量高(gao)、質(zhi)量好(hao),旱地一(yi)般畝產(chan)(chan)1500公(gong)斤(jin)左右(you),水(shui)地畝產(chan)(chan)可(ke)達3000-公(gong)斤(jin)左右(you)。定邊(bian)(bian)(bian)商品(pin)薯(shu)(shu)個大(da)、形圓、光澤度好(hao)、無(wu)污染、無(wu)畸形、耐儲運、淀粉(fen)含量高(gao)(16-23%)、鮮(xian)食口感極佳(jia)、加工產(chan)(chan)品(pin)色(se)澤鮮(xian)亮、鮮(xian)食加工兼用,是(shi)(shi)天(tian)然(ran)的無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)綠色(se)食品(pin)。
馬鈴薯文化節
定(ding)(ding)邊(bian)(bian)縣種(zhong)植(zhi)馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯(shu)有近400多年的(de)(de)歷史,在當地(di)形成了獨特(te)的(de)(de)馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯(shu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)。這(zhe)種(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)是(shi)黃土(tu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)、草原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)、三邊(bian)(bian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)交相(xiang)輝映,歷史悠久(jiu),積淀深邃。2007年“首屆中國定(ding)(ding)邊(bian)(bian)馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯(shu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)節(jie)”的(de)(de)隆重舉(ju)行,吸引來國內(nei)外1000多位客商和(he)數萬(wan)群眾一起品(pin)嘗定(ding)(ding)邊(bian)(bian)豐富的(de)(de)馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯(shu)特(te)色食品(pin),享受(shou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)大宴,開展多層次經濟技術(shu)交流(liu)。通過“文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)搭臺(tai)、馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯(shu)唱戲”這(zhe)種(zhong)有效形式(shi),向世界叫響“定(ding)(ding)邊(bian)(bian)馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯(shu)”品(pin)牌。