芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)處(chu)寧夏(xia)(xia)回族自治(zhi)區南(nan)部山(shan)區，六盤山(shan)西(xi)(xi)麓，位于(yu)寧夏(xia)(xia)中(zhong)(zhong)部干旱(han)帶南(nan)緣，處(chu)于(yu)東經(jing)(jing)105°20′-06°04′、北緯35°35′-36°14′之間。全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)轄19個鄉(xiang)(xiang)（鎮(zhen)(zhen)），296個行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)村，總人(ren)口51.8萬人(ren)，農(nong)業人(ren)口46.8萬人(ren)，回族人(ren)口占總人(ren)口的(de)52.7%。總土地(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)3144平方公里，耕地(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)270萬畝。地(di)(di)勢(shi)南(nan)低，北、東、西(xi)(xi)漸次(ci)增高，海拔1688-2633米。農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志界定為西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)范圍內的(de)吉(ji)強鎮(zhen)(zhen)、火石寨(zhai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、新營鄉(xiang)(xiang)、震湖鄉(xiang)(xiang)、偏(pian)城鄉(xiang)(xiang)5鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)96個行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)村，總生產(chan)(chan)(chan)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)2萬公頃。西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)(shi)馬(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯的(de)主產(chan)(chan)(chan)區，也是(shi)(shi)寧夏(xia)(xia)最(zui)大的(de)農(nong)業大縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。馬(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯產(chan)(chan)(chan)業是(shi)(shi)主導產(chan)(chan)(chan)業，在(zai)全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)區生產(chan)(chan)(chan)總值中(zhong)(zhong)占有(you)(you)主要地(di)(di)位，被當(dang)地(di)(di)譽為“金豆豆”，并且(qie)西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)成立有(you)(you)馬(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)資源保存中(zhong)(zhong)心，使優(you)質(zhi)馬(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)達到(dao)了110萬畝左右。西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)馬(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯是(shi)(shi)當(dang)地(di)(di)農(nong)民(min)精(jing)心選留與自然選擇的(de)結果。據《西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志》記載，明代(dai)成化年(nian)間“安(an)民(min)墾殖”，種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)以“洋(yang)芋(yu)(yu)”為主的(de)秋糧作物，發展種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)業；清咸豐十(shi)一年(nian)（1861年(nian)），“鼓勵開荒(huang)”，“洋(yang)芋(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)十(shi)之二三”。在(zai)長期的(de)馬(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)，勞動人(ren)民(min)積(ji)(ji)累了豐富的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)和繁育經(jing)(jing)驗，馬(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯歷年(nian)栽種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)麻(ma)芋(yu)(yu)、大紅苕、深(shen)眼窩，經(jing)(jing)過近(jin)300多年(nian)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)逐步形成了具有(you)(you)代(dai)表性的(de)西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)馬(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)(ling)薯品種(zhong)(zhong)“紅洋(yang)芋(yu)(yu)”，并在(zai)當(dang)地(di)(di)廣泛種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)，深(shen)受市(shi)場歡迎，產(chan)(chan)(chan)品銷往兩廣、福建(jian)等全國各地(di)(di)，年(nian)銷售量達到(dao)了75萬噸以上，部分商品銷往東南(nan)亞等地(di)(di)。

二.自然生態(tai)環(huan)境和(he)人文歷(li)史因(yin)素

1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)貌情(qing)況：全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)地(di)貌類(lei)型主(zhu)要有土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)石山地(di)、黃土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)丘(qiu)陵、河谷川道三大類(lei)型，各地(di)貌類(lei)型所占比重(zhong)分別為黃土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)丘(qiu)陵占全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)83.5％，河谷川道區占全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)6.1％，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)石山區占全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)10.4％；西吉縣(xian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類(lei)型以黃綿土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黑(hei)壚(lu)(lu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為主(zhu)，其中(zhong)(zhong)黑(hei)壚(lu)(lu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)占土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)87.75％，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)結構好(hao)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)疏(shu)松(song)，透氣(qi)性好(hao)， pH值6.1-7.0之間，有機質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)1.5%，水(shui)解(jie)氮40-60ppm，速(su)效磷14-30ppm，速(su)效鉀在(zai)150ppm以上，即(ji)水(shui)解(jie)氮和速(su)效磷含(han)量(liang)(liang)中(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)，速(su)效鉀豐富，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)質(zhi)(zhi)地(di)疏(shu)松(song)，通透性好(hao)，耕(geng)作層深(shen)厚，養分含(han)量(liang)(liang)高。

2、水文情況：河(he)流(liu)有葫(hu)(hu)蘆河(he)、清水河(he)、祖歷河(he)三條水系(xi)，但年流(liu)經量 很小(xiao)，冬春季多(duo)枯竭。東北部(bu)屬(shu)清水河(he)水系(xi)，其余大(da)部(bu)分地區屬(shu)葫(hu)(hu)蘆河(he)水系(xi)。

3、氣候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況：境(jing)內氣候(hou)(hou)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和，雨量(liang)較少，光(guang)照(zhao)充足，無霜(shuang)(shuang)期(qi)短，降水(shui)和溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度變率大。春(chun)季氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)回(hui)升快，干(gan)旱多(duo)風，冷暖變化大，多(duo)有倒春(chun)寒；夏季短暫(zan)，氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)適中(zhong)；秋季雨量(liang)較多(duo)，降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)快，霜(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)早；冬(dong)(dong)季長(chang)，嚴(yan)寒干(gan)燥。年平(ping)均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)5.3℃，極端最(zui)高(gao)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)33.9℃，極端最(zui)高(gao)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)-27.1℃；平(ping)均無霜(shuang)(shuang)期(qi)144天。年日照(zhao)時(shi)數2034.3小時(shi)；年蒸發量(liang)1297.7毫(hao)米，年平(ping)均降水(shui)量(liang)350-500毫(hao)米。干(gan)旱、冰雹、霜(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)等自(zi)然災(zai)害(hai)頻繁。全縣氣候(hou)(hou)屬溫(wen)(wen)(wen)帶半(ban)濕潤 向半(ban)干(gan)旱過渡，大陸(lu)性特(te)征明顯，加之境(jing)內地勢高(gao)差懸(xuan)殊，具有復(fu)雜多(duo)樣的特(te)點。平(ping)均風速1.8m/s，冬(dong)(dong)季多(duo)西北風，夏季多(duo)東南(nan)風。

4、人文歷史情況：西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)是馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)主產區，也是寧夏最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)大(da)縣(xian)(xian)。馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)是主導(dao)產業(ye)(ye)，在全縣(xian)(xian)地(di)區生產總(zong)值中(zhong)占有主要地(di)位，被當(dang)地(di)譽為“金豆豆”，并(bing)(bing)且西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)成(cheng)立有馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)資源(yuan)保存中(zhong)心，使(shi)優質馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積(ji)達(da)(da)到(dao)了(le)120萬畝以上。西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)是當(dang)地(di)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)精心選留與(yu)自然(ran)選擇(ze)的(de)(de)結(jie)果。據《西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)志》記載，明代成(cheng)化年(nian)(nian)間“安(an)民(min)(min)(min)墾殖”，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)以“洋芋(yu)”為主的(de)(de)秋糧(liang)作物，發展種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業(ye)(ye)；清咸(xian)豐十一年(nian)(nian)（1861年(nian)(nian)），“鼓勵開荒”，“洋芋(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)有十之(zhi)二三”。在長期的(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)實踐中(zhong)，勞動人民(min)(min)(min)積(ji)累了(le)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)和繁育經驗，馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)歷年(nian)(nian)栽種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有麻(ma)芋(yu)、大(da)紅(hong)苕、深眼窩，經過(guo)近300多年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)逐步(bu)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)具有代表性(xing)的(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)馬(ma)(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“紅(hong)洋芋(yu)”，并(bing)(bing)在當(dang)地(di)廣泛種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)，深受市場歡迎，產品銷(xiao)往兩廣、福建等全國各地(di)，年(nian)(nian)銷(xiao)售量達(da)(da)到(dao)了(le)30萬噸(dun)以上，部分商品銷(xiao)往東南(nan)亞等地(di)。

三.地域范圍

西(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣地(di)處寧夏回族自治區南部(bu)(bu)山(shan)區，六盤山(shan)西(xi)麓，位(wei)于寧夏中部(bu)(bu)干(gan)旱(han)帶(dai)南緣，處于東經105°20′-06°04′、北緯35°35′-36°14′之(zhi)間。全縣轄19個(ge)鄉(xiang)（鎮），306個(ge)行政村(cun)，總人(ren)口46.9萬人(ren)，農業人(ren)口43.6萬人(ren)，回族人(ren)口占總人(ren)口的(de)52.7%。總土地(di)面積(ji)3144平方公里，耕地(di)面積(ji)320萬畝。地(di)勢南低，北、東、西(xi)漸次增(zeng)高，海拔1688-2633米。農產品地(di)理標志界定為西(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣范圍內的(de)吉(ji)(ji)強鎮、火(huo)石寨(zhai)鄉(xiang)、新(xin)營鄉(xiang)、蘇(su)堡鄉(xiang)、偏(pian)城(cheng)鄉(xiang)5鄉(xiang)鎮的(de)96個(ge)行政村(cun)，總生(sheng)產面積(ji)20000公頃，總產量45萬噸。

四.產(chan)品品質(zhi)特性特征(zheng)

1、外在感(gan)(gan)官特征：淀(dian)粉含(han)量17.3%，干物質(zhi)21.5%，芽眼較(jiao)(jiao)淺，薯型規則(ze)，表皮光滑，紅皮黃肉(rou)，適(shi)宜(yi)鮮食菜(cai)用。煮食時(shi)，香味(wei)四溢，口感(gan)(gan)香而滑潤，風味(wei)獨特，烹菜(cai)時(shi)香味(wei)散于屋(wu)內(nei)，口感(gan)(gan)較(jiao)(jiao)好，不宜(yi)斷裂，西(xi)吉縣馬鈴薯營養(yang)齊(qi)全，它是寧夏馬鈴薯的代(dai)表，享(xiang)譽國內(nei)。

2、內在品質指標：以(yi)2500g鮮馬(ma)鈴薯(shu)為例：蛋白(bai)質含量(liang)42g、脂肪15.5g、糖類615g、熱量(liang)2770cal、粗纖維31g、礦物(wu)質1586.5g、維生素452.05mg。西(xi)吉馬(ma)鈴薯(shu)尤以(yi)淀粉、蛋白(bai)質、鐵、維生素C、B1 和B2的含量(liang)為豐富(fu)。維 生素含量(liang)豐富(fu)，以(yi)2500g鮮馬(ma)鈴薯(shu)為例，維生素要(yao)多50g以(yi)上。

五.特(te)定生產方式

1、產地(di)選擇：選擇土(tu)質較輕、土(tu)層深(shen)厚(hou)、疏(shu)松(song)肥沃、通(tong)透(tou)性好的地(di)塊(kuai)，水(shui)澆地(di)要(yao)求灌排方(fang)便。實(shi)行(xing)三茬以上輪(lun)作(zuo)(zuo)，以豆類、麥類、玉(yu)米、水(shui)稻、胡(hu)麻、糜谷等為前茬，中部干旱帶(dai)最好在輪(lun)歇地(di)上種(zhong)植(zhi)，禁忌與(yu)茄科(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)物連作(zuo)(zuo)、對茬。旱地(di)采用前茬作(zuo)(zuo)物收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲后盡(jin)早深(shen)耕(geng)(geng)，耕(geng)(geng)深(shen)20cm以上，遇雨(yu)淺耕(geng)(geng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)耱， 冬(dong)春(chun)鎮壓保墑(di)，播前半(ban)月翻(fan)耕(geng)(geng)帶(dai)耱。前茬地(di)膜玉(yu)米地(di)可實(shi)行(xing)保護(hu)性耕(geng)(geng)作(zuo)(zuo)，即 玉(yu)米收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲后留(liu)膜留(liu)茬越(yue)冬(dong)，后茬馬鈴薯(shu)臨近播期清理殘膜、揀拾根茬、耙耱 整地(di)；水(shui)澆地(di)采用前茬作(zuo)(zuo)物收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲后機深(shen)翻(fan)，耕(geng)(geng)深(shen)25cm，適時灌足冬(dong)水(shui)，臨近播期整地(di)起壟。

2、品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)選擇：選擇具(ju)有代表性的當地品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)“紅(hong)洋芋”，選用(yong)質量符(fu)合國標要求的脫(tuo)毒一(yi)、二級種(zhong)薯。

3、生(sheng)產(chan)過程管理(li)(li)：為加強西吉縣馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)理(li)(li)標志(zhi)各項工作，使馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)達到綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)標準(zhun)要求，生(sheng)產(chan)高標準(zhun)高質(zhi)量(liang)的馬(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)，完善質(zhi)量(liang)控制(zhi)體系，特制(zhi)定以下(xia)各項管理(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，進行生(sheng)產(chan)過程管理(li)(li)。一是基(ji)地(di)生(sheng)產(chan)管理(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。二(er)是農(nong)業投(tou)入品(pin)(pin)管理(li)(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)。三是技術指(zhi)導和推廣制(zhi)度(du)(du)。四是培(pei)訓制(zhi)度(du)(du)。

4、產品收獲(huo)：待地上部莖(jing)葉全(quan)部由(you)綠變(bian)黃、塊莖(jing)停止膨大后，根據(ju)鮮薯(shu)(shu)上市或交售、貯藏(zang)時間適期收獲(huo)。收獲(huo)前(qian)一周殺秧(yang)，收獲(huo)的鮮薯(shu)(shu)先要充分攤(tan)晾，待薯(shu)(shu)皮(pi)木栓(shuan)化后方可運(yun)輸、貯藏(zang)。

5、生產記(ji)錄(lu)要(yao)求：對(dui)產品(pin)生產地點，土壤耕作茬(cha)口，所使用農機(ji)具，所施(shi)用肥(fei)料名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)、施(shi)肥(fei)方(fang)式(shi)、施(shi)肥(fei)時間、施(shi)肥(fei)量，施(shi)用農藥(yao)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)、施(shi)藥(yao)方(fang)式(shi)、施(shi)藥(yao)時間及施(shi)藥(yao)對(dui)象，產品(pin)收獲、倉(cang)儲、銷售等(deng)(deng)項目的日(ri)期、方(fang)式(shi)、數量等(deng)(deng)進行詳細的記(ji)錄(lu)。

六.包裝標識相(xiang)關規定(ding)

1、包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)：在包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)方式上(shang)采用箱式包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)和袋式包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)兩種。

2、標識：標志使(shi)用人(ren)應在其產品或其包(bao)裝上統(tong)一使(shi)用農(nong)產品地理標志（西(xi)吉馬鈴薯名稱(cheng)和公共標識圖(tu)案組(zu)合(he)標注(zhu)型式）。