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一.產品介紹

西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處寧夏(xia)回(hui)族自治區(qu)南部山(shan)區(qu)，六盤(pan)山(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)麓，位于(yu)寧夏(xia)中部干旱帶南緣，處于(yu)東(dong)經(jing)(jing)105°20′-06°04′、北緯35°35′-36°14′之(zhi)(zhi)間。全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)轄19個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)（鎮），296個(ge)行(xing)政(zheng)村(cun)，總(zong)(zong)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)51.8萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)，農(nong)業(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)46.8萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)，回(hui)族人(ren)(ren)口(kou)占總(zong)(zong)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)的(de)(de)52.7%。總(zong)(zong)土地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)(ji)3144平(ping)方公(gong)里(li)，耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)(ji)270萬(wan)畝(mu)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢南低，北、東(dong)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)漸次增高，海拔1688-2633米。農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理標志(zhi)界定(ding)為(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)范圍內(nei)的(de)(de)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)強鎮、火石(shi)寨鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新營鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、震湖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、偏城鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)5鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮的(de)(de)96個(ge)行(xing)政(zheng)村(cun)，總(zong)(zong)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)面積(ji)(ji)2萬(wan)公(gong)頃。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)主產(chan)(chan)區(qu)，也是(shi)寧夏(xia)最大(da)的(de)(de)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)大(da)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。馬(ma)(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)是(shi)主導產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，在全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)總(zong)(zong)值中占有(you)(you)主要(yao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位，被當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)譽為(wei)“金豆(dou)豆(dou)”，并(bing)且西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)有(you)(you)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)資源保存中心，使優質馬(ma)(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)達到了(le)(le)110萬(wan)畝(mu)左右。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)是(shi)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)農(nong)民(min)精心選(xuan)留與自然選(xuan)擇的(de)(de)結果。據(ju)《西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》記載，明(ming)代成(cheng)(cheng)化年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間“安民(min)墾(ken)殖”，種(zhong)植(zhi)以(yi)“洋芋(yu)”為(wei)主的(de)(de)秋糧作物，發展種(zhong)植(zhi)業(ye)(ye)；清咸豐十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1861年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），“鼓勵開荒(huang)”，“洋芋(yu)種(zhong)植(zhi)有(you)(you)十(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)二三”。在長期的(de)(de)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)種(zhong)植(zhi)實踐中，勞動(dong)人(ren)(ren)民(min)積(ji)(ji)累了(le)(le)豐富的(de)(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)和繁育(yu)經(jing)(jing)驗，馬(ma)(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)栽(zai)種(zhong)的(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)麻芋(yu)、大(da)紅(hong)苕(tiao)、深(shen)眼窩，經(jing)(jing)過近300多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)逐步形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)具有(you)(you)代表性(xing)的(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)馬(ma)(ma)(ma)鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)品(pin)種(zhong)“紅(hong)洋芋(yu)”，并(bing)在當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)廣(guang)泛(fan)種(zhong)植(zhi)，深(shen)受(shou)市場歡迎，產(chan)(chan)品(pin)銷往兩廣(guang)、福建等(deng)全國各地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)銷售量達到了(le)(le)75萬(wan)噸以(yi)上，部分(fen)商品(pin)銷往東(dong)南亞(ya)等(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。

二.自然(ran)生態(tai)環境和人文歷(li)史因素

1、土(tu)(tu)壤地貌(mao)(mao)情況：全縣(xian)地貌(mao)(mao)類型主要有(you)土(tu)(tu)石山(shan)地、黃土(tu)(tu)丘陵、河(he)谷川道三(san)大類型，各(ge)地貌(mao)(mao)類型所占(zhan)比重(zhong)分別為(wei)黃土(tu)(tu)丘陵占(zhan)全縣(xian)總(zong)面(mian)積的(de)83.5％，河(he)谷川道區占(zhan)全縣(xian)總(zong)面(mian)積的(de)6.1％，土(tu)(tu)石山(shan)區占(zhan)全縣(xian)總(zong)面(mian)積的(de)10.4％；西(xi)吉縣(xian)土(tu)(tu)壤類型以(yi)黃綿土(tu)(tu)、黑(hei)壚(lu)土(tu)(tu)為(wei)主，其(qi)中黑(hei)壚(lu)土(tu)(tu)占(zhan)土(tu)(tu)壤總(zong)面(mian)積的(de)87.75％，土(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚，土(tu)(tu)壤結構好(hao)，土(tu)(tu)質疏松(song)，透(tou)氣(qi)性好(hao)， pH值6.1-7.0之間，有(you)機質含(han)量1.5%，水解氮40-60ppm，速效(xiao)磷(lin)14-30ppm，速效(xiao)鉀在150ppm以(yi)上(shang)，即水解氮和速效(xiao)磷(lin)含(han)量中等(deng)，速效(xiao)鉀豐富，土(tu)(tu)壤質地疏松(song)，通透(tou)性好(hao)，耕作(zuo)層深(shen)厚，養分含(han)量高。

2、水(shui)文(wen)情況：河(he)(he)流有葫(hu)蘆河(he)(he)、清水(shui)河(he)(he)、祖歷河(he)(he)三(san)條水(shui)系，但年流經量 很小，冬春季多枯竭。東(dong)北部(bu)屬清水(shui)河(he)(he)水(shui)系，其余大部(bu)分地(di)區屬葫(hu)蘆河(he)(he)水(shui)系。

3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)情(qing)況(kuang)：境內(nei)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫和，雨量較(jiao)少，光照充足，無霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)期短，降水和溫度變(bian)率(lv)大。春(chun)季(ji)氣(qi)(qi)溫回升快，干旱(han)多(duo)(duo)(duo)風，冷(leng)暖變(bian)化(hua)大，多(duo)(duo)(duo)有(you)倒春(chun)寒(han)；夏(xia)季(ji)短暫，氣(qi)(qi)溫適中；秋季(ji)雨量較(jiao)多(duo)(duo)(duo)，降溫快，霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)早；冬季(ji)長，嚴寒(han)干燥。年(nian)平均氣(qi)(qi)溫5.3℃，極端(duan)最高氣(qi)(qi)溫33.9℃，極端(duan)最高氣(qi)(qi)溫-27.1℃；平均無霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)期144天。年(nian)日(ri)照時數2034.3小時；年(nian)蒸發量1297.7毫米，年(nian)平均降水量350-500毫米。干旱(han)、冰雹、霜(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)凍(dong)等自然災(zai)害頻繁。全縣氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)屬溫帶半濕潤 向(xiang)半干旱(han)過渡，大陸性特征明(ming)顯，加之境內(nei)地勢高差懸殊，具有(you)復雜(za)多(duo)(duo)(duo)樣的特點。平均風速(su)1.8m/s，冬季(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)西北(bei)風，夏(xia)季(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)東南風。

4、人文歷史情況：西(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)是馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯的主產(chan)區，也(ye)是寧夏最大(da)的農業大(da)縣(xian)。馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯是主導(dao)產(chan)業，在全(quan)縣(xian)地(di)區生產(chan)總值中占有主要地(di)位(wei)，被當(dang)地(di)譽為“金豆(dou)(dou)豆(dou)(dou)”，并(bing)且(qie)西(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)成立有馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)資源保存(cun)中心(xin)，使優質馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)達到(dao)了(le)120萬畝以上。西(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯是當(dang)地(di)農民精心(xin)選留與自然選擇的結果(guo)。據《西(xi)吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)志》記載，明代成化(hua)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間“安民墾(ken)殖”，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)以“洋芋”為主的秋糧(liang)作物，發(fa)展種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業；清咸豐十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1861年(nian)(nian)(nian)），“鼓(gu)勵開荒(huang)”，“洋芋種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)有十之二(er)三”。在長期(qi)的馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)實踐中，勞動(dong)人民積(ji)(ji)累(lei)了(le)豐富的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)和繁育經驗，馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)栽(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有麻芋、大(da)紅(hong)苕、深眼窩，經過近300多年(nian)(nian)(nian)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)逐步(bu)形成了(le)具有代表性的西(xi)吉(ji)(ji)馬鈴(ling)(ling)(ling)薯品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“紅(hong)洋芋”，并(bing)在當(dang)地(di)廣泛種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)，深受市場(chang)歡(huan)迎，產(chan)品銷往兩廣、福建等全(quan)國各地(di)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)銷售量達到(dao)了(le)30萬噸以上，部分商品銷往東(dong)南亞等地(di)。

三.地域范圍

西(xi)吉縣(xian)地(di)(di)處(chu)寧(ning)夏(xia)回族(zu)自治(zhi)區(qu)南(nan)部(bu)山區(qu)，六盤(pan)山西(xi)麓，位于寧(ning)夏(xia)中部(bu)干旱帶南(nan)緣，處(chu)于東經105°20′-06°04′、北緯35°35′-36°14′之(zhi)間。全縣(xian)轄19個鄉(xiang)（鎮(zhen)），306個行政村，總人口(kou)46.9萬人，農業人口(kou)43.6萬人，回族(zu)人口(kou)占總人口(kou)的52.7%。總土地(di)(di)面(mian)積3144平(ping)方公里，耕地(di)(di)面(mian)積320萬畝。地(di)(di)勢(shi)南(nan)低，北、東、西(xi)漸次增高，海拔(ba)1688-2633米。農產品地(di)(di)理標志界定為西(xi)吉縣(xian)范圍內(nei)的吉強(qiang)鎮(zhen)、火石(shi)寨鄉(xiang)、新(xin)營鄉(xiang)、蘇堡鄉(xiang)、偏城鄉(xiang)5鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)的96個行政村，總生產面(mian)積20000公頃，總產量45萬噸。

四(si).產品品質特性特征(zheng)

1、外在感(gan)官(guan)特征：淀粉含量(liang)17.3%，干物質21.5%，芽眼較淺(qian)，薯(shu)(shu)型規則，表皮光滑(hua)，紅皮黃肉，適(shi)宜(yi)鮮(xian)食(shi)菜用。煮食(shi)時(shi)，香(xiang)味四溢(yi)，口感(gan)香(xiang)而滑(hua)潤，風(feng)味獨特，烹菜時(shi)香(xiang)味散于屋內(nei)，口感(gan)較好，不宜(yi)斷(duan)裂，西吉縣(xian)馬(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)營養齊全(quan)，它是寧(ning)夏馬(ma)鈴薯(shu)(shu)的代表，享譽(yu)國內(nei)。

2、內在品(pin)質(zhi)指標：以(yi)(yi)2500g鮮馬鈴薯為(wei)例：蛋白(bai)質(zhi)含(han)量42g、脂肪15.5g、糖類615g、熱量2770cal、粗纖維(wei)(wei)31g、礦物質(zhi)1586.5g、維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)素(su)(su)452.05mg。西吉(ji)馬鈴薯尤以(yi)(yi)淀粉、蛋白(bai)質(zhi)、鐵、維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)素(su)(su)C、B1 和B2的含(han)量為(wei)豐富(fu)。維(wei)(wei) 生(sheng)素(su)(su)含(han)量豐富(fu)，以(yi)(yi)2500g鮮馬鈴薯為(wei)例，維(wei)(wei)生(sheng)素(su)(su)要多50g以(yi)(yi)上。

五.特定生產方式(shi)

1、產地(di)選擇(ze)(ze)：選擇(ze)(ze)土(tu)質(zhi)較輕、土(tu)層深厚、疏松肥沃、通(tong)透性好(hao)的地(di)塊，水(shui)(shui)澆(jiao)地(di)要求(qiu)灌排(pai)方便。實行(xing)三(san)茬(cha)(cha)以(yi)上輪作(zuo)，以(yi)豆(dou)類(lei)、麥(mai)類(lei)、玉米(mi)、水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)、胡麻、糜(mi)谷等(deng)為前(qian)茬(cha)(cha)，中部干(gan)旱(han)帶(dai)最好(hao)在輪歇地(di)上種植，禁忌與茄科(ke)作(zuo)物連作(zuo)、對茬(cha)(cha)。旱(han)地(di)采用前(qian)茬(cha)(cha)作(zuo)物收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)后(hou)(hou)盡早(zao)深耕，耕深20cm以(yi)上，遇雨淺耕收(shou)(shou)耱(mo)(mo)， 冬春鎮壓保墑，播前(qian)半月(yue)翻耕帶(dai)耱(mo)(mo)。前(qian)茬(cha)(cha)地(di)膜(mo)玉米(mi)地(di)可實行(xing)保護(hu)性耕作(zuo)，即 玉米(mi)收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)后(hou)(hou)留(liu)膜(mo)留(liu)茬(cha)(cha)越冬，后(hou)(hou)茬(cha)(cha)馬鈴薯臨近(jin)播期(qi)清(qing)理(li)殘膜(mo)、揀拾(shi)根(gen)茬(cha)(cha)、耙耱(mo)(mo) 整地(di)；水(shui)(shui)澆(jiao)地(di)采用前(qian)茬(cha)(cha)作(zuo)物收(shou)(shou)獲(huo)后(hou)(hou)機深翻，耕深25cm，適時灌足冬水(shui)(shui)，臨近(jin)播期(qi)整地(di)起壟。

2、品種選擇(ze)：選擇(ze)具(ju)有代表性的當地品種“紅洋(yang)芋”，選用(yong)質量符合國標要求的脫毒一、二級種薯。

3、生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)管理(li)：為(wei)加(jia)強(qiang)西吉縣(xian)馬(ma)鈴薯農產(chan)品地(di)理(li)標志各項工作，使馬(ma)鈴薯產(chan)品質(zhi)(zhi)量達(da)到綠色(se)食品標準要求，生(sheng)產(chan)高標準高質(zhi)(zhi)量的馬(ma)鈴薯，完善質(zhi)(zhi)量控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)體系(xi)，特制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定以下各項管理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)，進(jin)行生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)管理(li)。一是基地(di)生(sheng)產(chan)管理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。二是農業投(tou)入品管理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。三(san)是技術(shu)指導(dao)和(he)推(tui)廣制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。四是培訓制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。

4、產品收獲(huo)：待地(di)上(shang)(shang)部莖葉全部由(you)綠(lv)變(bian)黃、塊莖停止膨大(da)后(hou)，根據鮮薯(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)市或交售、貯(zhu)藏時間適期收獲(huo)。收獲(huo)前一周殺秧(yang)，收獲(huo)的鮮薯(shu)(shu)先要(yao)充(chong)分攤(tan)晾，待薯(shu)(shu)皮(pi)木(mu)栓化后(hou)方可運輸、貯(zhu)藏。

5、生(sheng)產(chan)記錄要求：對(dui)產(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)地點(dian)，土壤(rang)耕作茬口，所使用農機具，所施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用肥料名稱、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥方式、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥時(shi)間(jian)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥量，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用農藥名稱、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥方式、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥時(shi)間(jian)及施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥對(dui)象，產(chan)品(pin)收獲(huo)、倉儲、銷(xiao)售等(deng)(deng)項目的日期(qi)、方式、數(shu)量等(deng)(deng)進行詳(xiang)細的記錄。

六(liu).包裝(zhuang)標識相關(guan)規定(ding)

1、包裝(zhuang)：在包裝(zhuang)方式(shi)上采用箱式(shi)包裝(zhuang)和袋式(shi)包裝(zhuang)兩種(zhong)。

2、標(biao)識(shi)：標(biao)志(zhi)使用人應在其(qi)(qi)產品(pin)或其(qi)(qi)包裝上統一(yi)使用農(nong)產品(pin)地理標(biao)志(zhi)（西(xi)吉馬鈴薯名(ming)稱和(he)公共標(biao)識(shi)圖案組合標(biao)注型式）。