一.產品介紹
甘(gan)谷(gu)古(gu)稱(cheng)(cheng)冀,公元前688年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(秦武公十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))建縣(xian)(xian), 迄今(jin)有(you)2680年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),為(wei)全國縣(xian)(xian)制肇始(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)地,有(you)“華(hua)夏第一(yi)縣(xian)(xian)”之(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)。是人(ren)文(wen)始(shi)祖(zu)伏羲氏(shi)、孔子七(qi)十二賢人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)石作蜀、清(qing)(qing)(qing)初翰林院侍讀學(xue)士(shi)鞏建豐等名人(ren)先賢的(de)(de)生息之(zhi)(zhi)地,是三(san)國蜀漢大(da)(da)將軍(jun)姜(jiang)(jiang)維(wei)等名人(ren)先賢誕生之(zhi)(zhi)地,世稱(cheng)(cheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)維(wei)故里。甘(gan)谷(gu)農業的(de)(de)發展歷(li)(li)史悠久,甘(gan)谷(gu)獨特的(de)(de)地理位(wei)置(zhi)是中國北(bei)方大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)的(de)(de)適宜栽培黃(huang)金緯度區之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。甘(gan)谷(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)蔬(shu)菜歷(li)(li)史悠久,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)繁多(duo),品(pin)質優良,甘(gan)谷(gu)大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)在明(ming)未清(qing)(qing)(qing)初就(jiu)有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。據甘(gan)谷(gu)縣(xian)(xian)志記載:“清(qing)(qing)(qing)初主(zhu)要蔬(shu)菜有(you)芹、韭、蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、蒜(suan)、薤、茄、白菜、菠菱、甜(tian)菠菜、蘿卜(黃(huang)、自、紅、青4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))、芫荽、五撮、苣荬(mai)、馬齒莧、茨(慈姑(gu))、椿(chun)頭、王瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(黃(huang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua))、甜(tian)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、西瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、冬瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、南瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、葫蘆。蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)蒜(suan)類(lei)有(you)12個品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):紅根韭、白根韭、馬蓮韭、四川冬韭、漢中冬韭、甜(tian)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、白蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、小蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、龍(long)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、洋(yang)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、紅蒜(suan)、白蒜(suan)。” 甘(gan)谷(gu)大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)生產(chan)(chan)距(ju)今(jin)已有(you)上百年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)歷(li)(li)史,特別是1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)就(jiu)形(xing)成(cheng)了一(yi)定的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi),1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)大(da)(da)規模種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi),特選大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、鐵稈王等優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)引進,經本地改造、選種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),成(cheng)為(wei)高產(chan)(chan)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),形(xing)成(cheng)了以新興鎮雒家(jia)村為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)基地,大(da)(da)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積1.8萬(wan)余畝,平均(jun)畝產(chan)(chan)5000 kg,總產(chan)(chan)量6.88萬(wan)噸。因其蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)白長﹑產(chan)(chan)量高﹑品(pin)味濃郁在短短幾十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)中成(cheng)為(wei)我縣(xian)(xian)蔬(shu)菜的(de)(de)主(zhu)打產(chan)(chan)品(pin)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)。
二.自然(ran)生(sheng)態環境(jing)和(he)人文歷史因(yin)素
1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地貌情況 大(da)蔥生(sheng)長(chang)要求以土(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚、排水良好、富含(han)(han)(han)有(you)機質(zhi)的(de)(de)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)為(wei)最好,適(shi)(shi)宜的(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)酸堿(jian)度為(wei)pH7.0~7.5,甘谷大(da)蔥產區土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)主(zhu)要為(wei)黃綿(mian)土(tu)(tu),壚土(tu)(tu)和(he)淀土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚,質(zhi)地疏松,通透(tou)性好,適(shi)(shi)宜耕作,呈弱堿(jian)性,pH值7.5-8,土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)肥力較高(gao),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)含(han)(han)(han)有(you)豐富的(de)(de)微量元素和(he)礦(kuang)物質(zhi),土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)有(you)機質(zhi)1%左右,全氮(dan)0.052%,全磷0.147%,速(su)(su)(su)效(xiao)氮(dan)含(han)(han)(han)量為(wei)43.34mg/kg,速(su)(su)(su)效(xiao)磷含(han)(han)(han)量5.03mg/kg,速(su)(su)(su)效(xiao)鉀含(han)(han)(han)量117.24mg/kg,加(jia)之(zhi)施(shi)用腐(fu)殖質(zhi)含(han)(han)(han)量較高(gao)的(de)(de)有(you)機肥、豆粉等,極適(shi)(shi)宜大(da)蔥的(de)(de)生(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)育。
2、水(shui)文情況 我(wo)縣地域遼闊,渭河(he)(he)由西向東橫貫全縣,土(tu)壤、水(shui)、氣資源污染少,年平均(jun)降雨量451mm,雨量分(fen)布由南向北(bei)遞減(jian),空氣較干(gan)燥。甘谷大(da)蔥產(chan)地地處(chu)甘谷縣渭河(he)(he)南北(bei)淺山區,土(tu)壤灌溉主要(yao)以(yi)(yi)純凈(jing)無污染的(de)地下水(shui)澆灌為(wei)主,以(yi)(yi)自(zi)然降水(shui)為(wei)輔。
3、氣候情況 甘谷縣(xian)位于甘肅省東(dong)南部,典(dian)型的大陸性季(ji)風氣候。四(si)季(ji)分(fen)明,年平均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)11.5 ℃,其(qi)中最(zui)高(gao)(7月)月均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)25.4 ℃,最(zui)低(1月)月均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)-1.1 ℃,夏(xia)熱(re)無(wu)酷暑,冬冷無(wu)嚴(yan)寒。全年日(ri)照2350小時左右,光照充足,日(ri)照率約50%,無(wu)霜期196天左右。年均(jun)(jun)降水量(liang)451mm左右,分(fen)布極不(bu)均(jun)(jun)勻,一般一至三月雨量(liang)偏少,七至九(jiu)月雨水較多(duo),冬干夏(xia)濕。適合(he)北方大部分(fen)農作物生長(chang),特別是對蔬菜的種(zhong)植極為有(you)利,“六月壅,七月上,八(ba)月再看(kan)蔥發旺(wang)”,8月份(fen)大蔥進入(ru)旺(wang)盛(sheng)生長(chang)期,因而尤其(qi)適合(he)大蔥種(zhong)植。
三.地域范圍
甘(gan)谷(gu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)位于(yu)甘(gan)肅省東(dong)南(nan)部(bu),天(tian)(tian)水市西(xi)北部(bu),渭(wei)河上游,渭(wei)河由西(xi)東(dong)橫(heng)貫全縣(xian)(xian)(xian),境內長(chang)度41.6公里(li)。地(di)處東(dong)經104°58′至105°31′,北緯(wei)34°31′至35°03′之間,甘(gan)谷(gu)境內山(shan)多川少,氣候(hou)干燥,典型的大陸(lu)性季(ji)風氣候(hou)。甘(gan)谷(gu)東(dong)鄰(lin)秦安縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、麥積(ji)區(qu),南(nan)接秦州區(qu)、禮縣(xian)(xian)(xian),西(xi)與武山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)交界(jie),北與通渭(wei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)相連。甘(gan)谷(gu)大蔥(cong)產(chan)地(di)地(di)處甘(gan)谷(gu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)新(xin)興(xing)鎮(zhen)北淺山(shan)區(qu),該(gai)區(qu)域(yu)海(hai)拔1400-1600m,為(wei)黃(huang)土(tu)梁(liang)狀(zhuang)山(shan)地(di),土(tu)質為(wei)黃(huang)綿土(tu),有(you)機質含量(liang)豐富,年平(ping)(ping)均氣溫11.5 ℃,年日照(zhao)時數2131小時,無霜期196天(tian)(tian),年降水量(liang)451mm;地(di)勢平(ping)(ping)坦、土(tu)層深(shen)厚(hou)、空(kong)氣清新(xin)、光照(zhao)充足、灌溉(gai)條件良好、水質純凈無污染、區(qu)域(yu)內無工業污染,為(wei)天(tian)(tian)然綠(lv)色食品生(sheng)產(chan)區(qu)。 甘(gan)谷(gu)大蔥(cong)實施地(di)理標志產(chan)品保護范圍涉及新(xin)興(xing)、磐安、六峰(feng)、大像(xiang)山(shan)鎮(zhen)、金山(shan)、八里(li)灣、謝(xie)家灣、禮辛、安遠9鄉鎮(zhen)99村,目前(qian),栽培面積(ji)達到1300公頃,年產(chan)量(liang)達到5850噸(dun)。
四.產品品質特性特征
1、外在(zai)感(gan)官特征 甘谷(gu)大蔥(cong)植株(zhu)高大,直立性強,外形粗(cu)壯挺拔,假莖(jing)較長,蔥(cong)白長40—60厘米(mi),徑1—2.5厘米(mi),蔥(cong)葉色鮮綠,管葉厚韌,質(zhi)(zhi)地脆嫩,辣度適(shi)中,香(xiang)辛濃(nong)郁(yu),甘甜多汁,嚼之無(wu)絲,品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)上佳。
2、內在品(pin)(pin)質指(zhi)標(biao) 甘(gan)谷大蔥富含多(duo)種維生素、蛋白(bai)質、擴物(wu)質、可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)糖(tang)等(deng)。其(qi)中(zhong):富含多(duo)種維生素、蛋白(bai)質、礦物(wu)質、可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)糖(tang)等(deng)。其(qi)中(zhong)干物(wu)質80—90g/kg,維生素C 75—80mg/kg,粗纖維9—10 g/kg,粗蛋白(bai)9.2—10.5 g/kg,可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)糖(tang)38—46g/kg,維生素B10.3—0.2mg/kg, 維生素 B2 0.13—0.27mg/kg,磷(lin)0.21—028g/kg,鎂120—130mg/kg,鈣430—441mg/kg,鐵1.03—1.13mg/kg,鋅1.95—2.04mg/kg,硫0.31—0.36g/kg。農(nong)藥殘留(liu)、重金屬指(zhi)標(biao)均符合綠色食品(pin)(pin)標(biao)準,甘(gan)谷大蔥的理化指(zhi)標(biao)達到綠色食品(pin)(pin)標(biao)準要求。
3、安全(quan)要求(qiu) 甘(gan)(gan)谷大蔥產地環(huan)境按(an)照(zhao)NY/T 391(綠(lv)色食品產地環(huan)境質量標準)執(zhi)行;肥料使(shi)(shi)用按(an)照(zhao)NY/T 394(綠(lv)色食品肥料使(shi)(shi)用準則)執(zhi)行。甘(gan)(gan)谷縣對(dui)大蔥生產加工、包裝(zhuang)、貯運等一系列技術規范進行管(guan)理;農藥使(shi)(shi)用達到了NY/T 393(綠(lv)色食品農藥使(shi)(shi)用準則)標準,嚴禁使(shi)(shi)用國家命(ming)令(ling)禁止(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用的高劇毒(du)農藥,嚴格(ge)(ge)執(zhi)行農藥安全(quan)間隔(ge)期,經農藥殘毒(du)檢測合格(ge)(ge)方可上市。