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一.產品介紹

甘(gan)谷(gu)(gu)古稱(cheng)冀，公元(yuan)前688年(秦(qin)武(wu)公十(shi)年)建(jian)縣(xian)(xian)， 迄今(jin)有(you)2680年，為(wei)全國(guo)縣(xian)(xian)制肇始之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)，有(you)“華夏第一(yi)(yi)縣(xian)(xian)”之(zhi)(zhi)稱(cheng)。是(shi)人(ren)文始祖伏羲氏、孔(kong)子七十(shi)二賢人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)石(shi)作蜀(shu)、清初(chu)翰林院侍讀學士鞏建(jian)豐等(deng)名(ming)人(ren)先賢的(de)生息之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)，是(shi)三國(guo)蜀(shu)漢大將軍姜維等(deng)名(ming)人(ren)先賢誕(dan)生之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)，世稱(cheng)姜維故里。甘(gan)谷(gu)(gu)農業的(de)發展歷(li)(li)史(shi)悠(you)久，甘(gan)谷(gu)(gu)獨特(te)(te)的(de)地(di)(di)理位置是(shi)中國(guo)北方大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)的(de)適宜栽培黃(huang)金緯度區之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。甘(gan)谷(gu)(gu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)蔬菜歷(li)(li)史(shi)悠(you)久，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類繁多(duo)，品質優良(liang)，甘(gan)谷(gu)(gu)大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)在(zai)明未(wei)清初(chu)就有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)。據甘(gan)谷(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)志記載：“清初(chu)主要蔬菜有(you)芹、韭(jiu)(jiu)、蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、蒜(suan)(suan)、薤(xie)、茄、白(bai)(bai)菜、菠菱、甜(tian)(tian)菠菜、蘿卜(黃(huang)、自(zi)、紅、青(qing)4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))、芫荽(sui)、五撮、苣荬、馬齒莧、茨(慈姑)、椿頭、王(wang)瓜(gua)(黃(huang)瓜(gua))、甜(tian)(tian)瓜(gua)、西瓜(gua)、冬(dong)瓜(gua)、南瓜(gua)、葫蘆。蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)蒜(suan)(suan)類有(you)12個品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)：紅根韭(jiu)(jiu)、白(bai)(bai)根韭(jiu)(jiu)、馬蓮韭(jiu)(jiu)、四川冬(dong)韭(jiu)(jiu)、漢中冬(dong)韭(jiu)(jiu)、甜(tian)(tian)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、白(bai)(bai)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、小蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、龍蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、洋蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、紅蒜(suan)(suan)、白(bai)(bai)蒜(suan)(suan)。” 甘(gan)谷(gu)(gu)大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)生產(chan)(chan)距今(jin)已有(you)上百年歷(li)(li)史(shi)，特(te)(te)別是(shi)1987年就形成(cheng)(cheng)了一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)，1992年大規(gui)模種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)，特(te)(te)選大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)、鐵稈王(wang)等(deng)優良(liang)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)引進(jin)，經(jing)本地(di)(di)改造、選種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)高產(chan)(chan)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，形成(cheng)(cheng)了以新興鎮雒家村為(wei)主的(de)大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)基地(di)(di)，大蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積1.8萬余畝(mu)，平均畝(mu)產(chan)(chan)5000 kg，總產(chan)(chan)量6.88萬噸。因其(qi)蔥(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)白(bai)(bai)長﹑產(chan)(chan)量高﹑品味濃(nong)郁在(zai)短(duan)短(duan)幾十(shi)年中成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)我縣(xian)(xian)蔬菜的(de)主打(da)產(chan)(chan)品之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。

二.自然生態環境(jing)和人文歷(li)史(shi)因素(su)

1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌情況(kuang) 大(da)蔥(cong)生長要(yao)求(qiu)以土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚(hou)、排水(shui)良(liang)好、富含(han)有(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)的(de)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為(wei)最好，適宜(yi)(yi)的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)酸堿度為(wei)pH7.0～7.5，甘谷大(da)蔥(cong)產區土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)主要(yao)為(wei)黃綿土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，壚土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和淀土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚(hou)，質(zhi)地疏松，通透性(xing)好，適宜(yi)(yi)耕作(zuo)，呈弱堿性(xing)，pH值7.5-8，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥力較高(gao)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中(zhong)含(han)有(you)(you)豐富的(de)微量(liang)(liang)元素(su)和礦物質(zhi)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中(zhong)有(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)1%左右，全氮0.052%，全磷0.147%，速(su)(su)效氮含(han)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)43.34mg/kg，速(su)(su)效磷含(han)量(liang)(liang)5.03mg/kg，速(su)(su)效鉀(jia)含(han)量(liang)(liang)117.24mg/kg，加之施用腐殖質(zhi)含(han)量(liang)(liang)較高(gao)的(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)肥、豆(dou)粉等，極(ji)適宜(yi)(yi)大(da)蔥(cong)的(de)生長發(fa)育。

2、水文情(qing)況 我縣地(di)域遼闊(kuo)，渭(wei)河(he)由西向東橫貫全縣，土(tu)壤(rang)、水、氣資(zi)源污染少，年(nian)平均降(jiang)雨量451mm，雨量分布(bu)由南向北(bei)(bei)遞減，空(kong)氣較干燥。甘谷大蔥產(chan)地(di)地(di)處甘谷縣渭(wei)河(he)南北(bei)(bei)淺山(shan)區，土(tu)壤(rang)灌溉(gai)主要以純凈無污染的地(di)下水澆灌為(wei)主，以自然降(jiang)水為(wei)輔。

3、氣候情況 甘(gan)谷縣位于甘(gan)肅省東南部(bu)，典型的大(da)陸性季風(feng)氣候。四季分(fen)明，年平均氣溫(wen)11.5 ℃，其(qi)中最高(7月(yue)(yue)(yue))月(yue)(yue)(yue)均氣溫(wen)25.4 ℃，最低(1月(yue)(yue)(yue))月(yue)(yue)(yue)均氣溫(wen)-1.1 ℃，夏(xia)(xia)熱無(wu)酷(ku)暑，冬冷(leng)無(wu)嚴寒。全(quan)年日(ri)照2350小時左右，光(guang)照充(chong)足(zu)，日(ri)照率約50%，無(wu)霜期(qi)196天左右。年均降水(shui)量451mm左右，分(fen)布極不均勻(yun)，一般一至三月(yue)(yue)(yue)雨量偏少，七至九月(yue)(yue)(yue)雨水(shui)較多，冬干(gan)夏(xia)(xia)濕。適(shi)合(he)北方大(da)部(bu)分(fen)農作物生長，特別是(shi)對蔬(shu)菜的種(zhong)植極為有利，“六月(yue)(yue)(yue)壅，七月(yue)(yue)(yue)上，八月(yue)(yue)(yue)再看(kan)蔥發旺(wang)(wang)”，8月(yue)(yue)(yue)份大(da)蔥進入旺(wang)(wang)盛生長期(qi)，因而尤(you)其(qi)適(shi)合(he)大(da)蔥種(zhong)植。

三.地域范圍

甘(gan)(gan)谷(gu)縣(xian)(xian)位于甘(gan)(gan)肅省東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)部(bu)，天(tian)水市西(xi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)，渭(wei)(wei)河(he)上游，渭(wei)(wei)河(he)由西(xi)東(dong)(dong)橫貫全縣(xian)(xian)，境(jing)內(nei)(nei)長度41.6公里(li)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)處東(dong)(dong)經104°58′至105°31′，北(bei)(bei)緯34°31′至35°03′之間，甘(gan)(gan)谷(gu)境(jing)內(nei)(nei)山(shan)多川少，氣(qi)候干燥，典型的大(da)陸性季風(feng)氣(qi)候。甘(gan)(gan)谷(gu)東(dong)(dong)鄰(lin)秦安縣(xian)(xian)、麥積區(qu)，南(nan)(nan)接秦州區(qu)、禮縣(xian)(xian)，西(xi)與武山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)交界，北(bei)(bei)與通渭(wei)(wei)縣(xian)(xian)相(xiang)連。甘(gan)(gan)谷(gu)大(da)蔥(cong)產地(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處甘(gan)(gan)谷(gu)縣(xian)(xian)新興(xing)鎮北(bei)(bei)淺山(shan)區(qu)，該區(qu)域(yu)海拔(ba)1400-1600m，為黃土(tu)梁狀山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，土(tu)質為黃綿土(tu)，有機質含量(liang)豐富，年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫11.5 ℃，年(nian)日照(zhao)時(shi)數2131小時(shi)，無(wu)霜(shuang)期196天(tian)，年(nian)降水量(liang)451mm；地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦(tan)、土(tu)層深厚(hou)、空(kong)氣(qi)清(qing)新、光照(zhao)充足、灌溉條(tiao)件良好、水質純凈(jing)無(wu)污染、區(qu)域(yu)內(nei)(nei)無(wu)工(gong)業污染，為天(tian)然綠色食(shi)品生產區(qu)。 甘(gan)(gan)谷(gu)大(da)蔥(cong)實施地(di)(di)(di)(di)理標志產品保(bao)護范圍涉及新興(xing)、磐(pan)安、六峰、大(da)像山(shan)鎮、金山(shan)、八里(li)灣(wan)、謝家(jia)灣(wan)、禮辛、安遠9鄉鎮99村，目(mu)前，栽(zai)培(pei)面(mian)積達到1300公頃，年(nian)產量(liang)達到5850噸。

四.產品品質特性特征

1、外在感官特征(zheng) 甘谷(gu)大蔥植(zhi)株高大，直立(li)性(xing)強，外形(xing)粗(cu)壯挺拔，假莖(jing)較長，蔥白長40—60厘米，徑1—2.5厘米，蔥葉(xie)色鮮(xian)綠，管(guan)葉(xie)厚韌，質地(di)脆嫩，辣度適中，香辛濃郁，甘甜多汁，嚼之無(wu)絲，品質上(shang)佳。

2、內(nei)在(zai)品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)指標(biao)(biao)(biao) 甘(gan)谷(gu)大(da)蔥(cong)富(fu)含(han)多種(zhong)維生(sheng)素(su)、蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、擴物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、可(ke)(ke)溶性糖等。其中：富(fu)含(han)多種(zhong)維生(sheng)素(su)、蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、礦物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、可(ke)(ke)溶性糖等。其中干物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)80—90g/kg，維生(sheng)素(su)C 75—80mg/kg，粗(cu)纖(xian)維9—10 g/kg，粗(cu)蛋白(bai)9.2—10.5 g/kg，可(ke)(ke)溶性糖38—46g/kg，維生(sheng)素(su)B10.3—0.2mg/kg， 維生(sheng)素(su) B2 0.13—0.27mg/kg，磷0.21—028g/kg，鎂120—130mg/kg，鈣430—441mg/kg，鐵(tie)1.03—1.13mg/kg，鋅1.95—2.04mg/kg，硫0.31—0.36g/kg。農藥殘留(liu)、重金屬指標(biao)(biao)(biao)均符合綠(lv)色食(shi)品標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，甘(gan)谷(gu)大(da)蔥(cong)的理化指標(biao)(biao)(biao)達到綠(lv)色食(shi)品標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)要求。

3、安(an)全(quan)要求 甘谷大蔥(cong)產(chan)地環境按照NY/T 391(綠色(se)(se)食(shi)品產(chan)地環境質量標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun))執行(xing)；肥料使(shi)用(yong)按照NY/T 394(綠色(se)(se)食(shi)品肥料使(shi)用(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則(ze))執行(xing)。甘谷縣對大蔥(cong)生產(chan)加(jia)工、包裝、貯(zhu)運(yun)等一系列技術規范(fan)進行(xing)管理；農(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)用(yong)達(da)到了NY/T 393(綠色(se)(se)食(shi)品農(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)用(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則(ze))標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，嚴(yan)禁(jin)使(shi)用(yong)國(guo)家(jia)命令禁(jin)止使(shi)用(yong)的高劇毒(du)農(nong)藥(yao)，嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)農(nong)藥(yao)安(an)全(quan)間隔期，經(jing)農(nong)藥(yao)殘毒(du)檢測合(he)格(ge)方可上市。