品質特點
李廣(guang)杏(xing)為敦煌(huang)農副產品(pin)特產之一,李廣(guang)杏(xing)果(guo)實(shi)外形規正,近似(si)圓形,果(guo)大(da)賽李,果(guo)皮(pi)金黃色,色澤油光鮮(xian)亮,皮(pi)薄肉(rou)多核小,味美(mei)汁多,香(xiang)氣四溢。李廣(guang)杏(xing)含有(you)豐富的礦物(wu)質和(he)維生素,營養十分(fen)豐富,果(guo)肉(rou)可(ke)鮮(xian)食,也可(ke)制成罐頭、杏(xing)干、杏(xing)脯(fu)、杏(xing)醬或可(ke)用作釀(niang)杏(xing)酒的原(yuan)料。杏(xing)仁可(ke)用來制糕(gao)點、冷食、糖果(guo)的原(yuan)料。
品種特征
李廣(guang)杏的(de)品種引自(zi)新疆和田一帶(dai),經過長(chang)期(qi)自(zi)然馴(xun)化(hua)和人工培養(yang),在敦煌(huang)形成(cheng)的(de)一個(ge)特殊品種。杏樹(shu)耐寒、抗(kang)旱,因此(ci),李廣(guang)杏樹(shu)能夠得以在氣候干燥的(de)敦煌(huang)綠洲茁壯成(cheng)長(chang)。
生長環境
敦煌(huang)地處西北高原,屬(shu)典型的溫帶大(da)陸(lu)性氣候,夏(xia)季日照時間長,晝夜溫差大(da),而其(qi)沙質土壤(rang)又(you)特(te)別(bie)適合瓜(gua)果(guo)的生(sheng)長,所以(yi)敦煌(huang)的瓜(gua)果(guo)味道特(te)別(bie)鮮美可口。李(li)廣杏(xing)可稱敦煌(huang)水(shui)果(guo)之王,每年(nian)七(qi)月是李(li)廣杏(xing)的收獲(huo)季節。李(li)廣杏(xing)因其(qi)光澤黃亮、汁甜如蜜(mi)而享有盛(sheng)名。
生產情況
李(li)廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)經(jing)(jing)(jing)過(guo)千百(bai)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)繁(fan)衍,已(yi)遍布敦煌全(quan)市(shi)(shi)。改革開放以來,敦煌市(shi)(shi)委、市(shi)(shi)政府把發展(zhan)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業作為(wei)振興縣域(yu)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟,促進農民致富的(de)(de)支柱(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業來抓,推動杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業快速發展(zhan)。2007年(nian)(nian),敦煌市(shi)(shi)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)李(li)廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)種植面積1.35萬畝,李(li)廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量達到5600余(yu)噸,已(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)成為(wei)聞(wen)名全(quan)省的(de)(de)“李(li)廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)集(ji)散地”,全(quan)市(shi)(shi)70%以上的(de)(de)李(li)廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)銷往蘭州、西寧(ning)、北京等(deng)外(wai)地,為(wei)當地農民帶來直接(jie)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟效益3200余(yu)萬元,李(li)廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業的(de)(de)發展(zhan)還帶動了(le)市(shi)(shi)內(nei)包(bao)裝(zhuang)業、加(jia)工業、運輸業的(de)(de)發展(zhan),隨著(zhu)李(li)廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)外(wai)銷量的(de)(de)大幅增長,外(wai)商對杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)包(bao)裝(zhuang)也提出了(le)更為(wei)嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)要求。市(shi)(shi)場的(de)(de)有效需求催生了(le)制作杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)包(bao)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)加(jia)工廠2個,銷售(shou)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)包(bao)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)的(de)(de)門點10多個,在從事(shi)包(bao)裝(zhuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)中均取(qu)得(de)了(le)客觀(guan)的(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟效益。另外(wai),杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干,杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)脯(fu)、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)罐(guan)頭等(deng)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)加(jia)工量也呈逐年(nian)(nian)增長趨勢,2006年(nian)(nian)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)脯(fu)200余(yu)噸,杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)罐(guan)頭300余(yu)噸。
敦煌市的(de)(de)楊家橋鄉(xiang)是李(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)主要生產基地(di),2006年全鄉(xiang)種植李(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)6100畝,年產李(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)2800噸(dun),農民(min)人(ren)均純收入的(de)(de)50%來源于李(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing),形成了(le)“一(yi)村一(yi)品”特(te)色鮮(xian)明的(de)(de)李(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)鄉(xiang)。
相關傳說
關于李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)杏(xing)的來(lai)(lai)歷(li),還有一段美麗的傳(chuan)說,相(xiang)傳(chuan)西漢年間(jian),飛將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)率部西征(zheng),夏日炎(yan)炎(yan),將(jiang)(jiang)士(shi)(shi)焦渴難忍(ren)。突然空(kong)中(zhong)襲來(lai)(lai)一陣奇香,只見兩(liang)匹(pi)彩綢(chou)(chou)自(zi)流云中(zhong)飄下。李(li)(li)(li)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)策馬追趕,拔出神箭(jian)射(she)出,其(qi)中(zhong)一匹(pi)彩綢(chou)(chou)應聲落地,變成一片果(guo)實累累的杏(xing)林。眾(zhong)人爭(zheng)食,苦似(si)黃(huang)(huang)蓮。李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)憤然砍平杏(xing)林,次日清(qing)晨,卻見杏(xing)林又枝繁葉茂,鮮嫩欲(yu)滴的黃(huang)(huang)杏(xing)令人饞涎欲(yu)滴。李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)忍(ren)不住摘下一個咬了(le)一口,頓時(shi)香人肺腑,將(jiang)(jiang)士(shi)(shi)們(men)紛(fen)紛(fen)摘杏(xing)食之,頓覺精(jing)神倍增。原(yuan)來(lai)(lai),那兩(liang)匹(pi)彩綢(chou)(chou)本是甜杏(xing)仙(xian)子(zi)和苦杏(xing)仙(xian)子(zi),奉王母之命來(lai)(lai)救李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的,她們(men)只顧(gu)嬉(xi)戲,惹怒李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)而射(she)落了(le)苦杏(xing)仙(xian)子(zi),深夜甜杏(xing)仙(xian)子(zi)找(zhao)到了(le)苦杏(xing)仙(xian)子(zi),施展仙(xian)法,在苦杏(xing)樹樁上接上甜杏(xing)樹枝,最后(hou)結(jie)出了(le)清(qing)香甘甜的黃(huang)(huang)杏(xing)。當年曾為李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)解危救困的甜杏(xing),隨著李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)大軍(jun)傳(chuan)人敦(dun)煌(huang),所以敦(dun)煌(huang)人把它叫作李(li)(li)(li)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)杏(xing)。