中(zhong)國的松茸(rong)產(chan)地主要(yao)有三個區域,分別是東北、滇(dian)西北和西藏林芝地區。
林芝(zhi)地(di)區(qu)地(di)形、地(di)貌類型復(fu)雜(za)多樣,小氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)差(cha)異懸(xuan)殊。雨熱(re)同季(ji),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫適中,降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)集中,光照理想(xiang),光熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源利(li)用率高(gao)(gao),利(li)于(yu)松(song)茸(rong)生長,為松(song)茸(rong)穩產(chan)(chan)、高(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)、優質奠(dian)定了良好的(de)基(ji)礎。同時由于(yu)林芝(zhi)地(di)區(qu)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量高(gao)(gao)度變(bian)化的(de)差(cha)異,濕潤(run)、半濕潤(run)類型兼備,不同水(shui)(shui)(shui)熱(re)類型的(de)組合形成了各(ge)種立體的(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)系統。在山體中下部氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫暖,水(shui)(shui)(shui)分充足(zu),是理想(xiang)的(de)天(tian)然松(song)茸(rong)生產(chan)(chan)地(di)。
林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)芝松(song)茸(rong)(rong)生于(yu)藏東南深山峽谷森(sen)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)中(zhong),要求條件(jian)十分嚴格。常(chang)見于(yu)松(song)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)或(huo)針、闊葉(xie)混(hun)交林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)中(zhong)的(de)(de)地(di)上,群生。林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)芝松(song)茸(rong)(rong)產(chan)區土壤主要為(wei)(wei)棕色林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)土或(huo)山地(di)黑壤、黃(huang)壤,PH5.1~5.5之(zhi)間。林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)枯枝落葉(xie)較稀疏。生產(chan)松(song)茸(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)齡(ling)一般不(bu)低于(yu)20年。30~40年生的(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)為(wei)(wei)產(chan)松(song)茸(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)旺(wang)盛(sheng)時(shi)期(qi),60年以上的(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)齡(ling)松(song)茸(rong)(rong)產(chan)量開(kai)始下降(jiang)。
由于(yu)特(te)殊的(de)地理生態環境,西藏的(de)林(lin)芝(zhi)松(song)茸(rong)(rong)成為最潔凈的(de)食物,無任何污染(ran)。林(lin)芝(zhi)松(song)茸(rong)(rong)具(ju)有個(ge)頭大、形體(ti)佳、蟲菌少等特(te)點。因此,林(lin)芝(zhi)松(song)茸(rong)(rong)在國(guo)內國(guo)際市(shi)場,都比(bi)其他產(chan)區松(song)茸(rong)(rong)更受青睞(lai)。
松(song)茸(rong)(rong)菌(jun)肉肥厚(hou),具(ju)有(you)香氣,味道鮮(xian)美(mei),是名貴的野(ye)生食(shi)用菌(jun),有(you)很(hen)高的營養價值。特別是全球僅西藏林(lin)芝才產(chan)的櫟松(song)茸(rong)(rong),在國(guo)內外食(shi)法多種多樣。燒、炒、煮(zhu)皆宜,可生食(shi)、煮(zhu)食(shi)、干制(zhi),也可配菜肴。與其他產(chan)地松(song)茸(rong)(rong)相比,據國(guo)內外食(shi)客稱,林(lin)芝松(song)茸(rong)(rong)食(shi)之鮮(xian)嫩可口(kou)(kou),味香濃,肉質細膩,潤滑爽口(kou)(kou),口(kou)(kou)感如魚,食(shi)后余香耐人尋味。
林芝(zhi)松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)除了(le)含有(you)豐富的(de)蛋白質、氨基酸(suan)等外(wai),還(huan)含有(you)較多(duo)的(de)維生(sheng)素和激(ji)素類。松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)聚糖甘露能(neng)抵(di)制腫瘤生(sheng)長(chang),因而(er)有(you)一定(ding)的(de)抗癌功(gong)效。當地人(ren)將松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)用于治療手足(zu)麻木、腰酸(suan)腿痛(tong)、尿濁不禁等癥,還(huan)認為林芝(zhi)松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)有(you)聚精(jing)補腎,益精(jing)助陽(yang)的(de)作用,能(neng)改善更(geng)年期內分泌紊亂、性功(gong)能(neng)失調等等。