中國的(de)松茸產地(di)主要有三個區域,分別是東北、滇西北和西藏(zang)林芝地(di)區。
林芝地區地形、地貌類型復雜多樣,小氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)差(cha)異懸殊。雨(yu)熱(re)同季,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫適中,降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)集中,光(guang)照理想(xiang),光(guang)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)資源利用率高,利于(yu)松茸(rong)生(sheng)長,為松茸(rong)穩產、高產、優質奠定了良好的(de)(de)基(ji)礎。同時(shi)由于(yu)林芝地區降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量高度變化的(de)(de)差(cha)異,濕(shi)潤、半濕(shi)潤類型兼(jian)備,不同水(shui)(shui)熱(re)類型的(de)(de)組合形成了各種立體的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)系(xi)統。在(zai)山(shan)體中下部氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫暖,水(shui)(shui)分充(chong)足,是(shi)理想(xiang)的(de)(de)天然松茸(rong)生(sheng)產地。
林(lin)(lin)(lin)芝(zhi)松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)(rong)生于(yu)藏東南深山峽谷森林(lin)(lin)(lin)中,要求條(tiao)件(jian)十分嚴格。常見于(yu)松(song)(song)林(lin)(lin)(lin)或針(zhen)、闊葉(xie)混交林(lin)(lin)(lin)中的地(di)上,群生。林(lin)(lin)(lin)芝(zhi)松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)區土壤(rang)主要為(wei)棕色林(lin)(lin)(lin)土或山地(di)黑壤(rang)、黃(huang)壤(rang),PH5.1~5.5之間。林(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)枯枝落葉(xie)較稀疏。生產(chan)(chan)松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)(rong)的林(lin)(lin)(lin)齡一(yi)般不低于(yu)20年。30~40年生的林(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)為(wei)產(chan)(chan)松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)(rong)的旺盛時(shi)期,60年以上的林(lin)(lin)(lin)齡松(song)(song)茸(rong)(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)開始下降。
由于特殊的(de)地理生態(tai)環(huan)境,西藏的(de)林(lin)芝(zhi)松(song)茸(rong)成為最潔凈的(de)食物,無任何污染。林(lin)芝(zhi)松(song)茸(rong)具有個頭(tou)大、形體(ti)佳、蟲菌少(shao)等特點。因此,林(lin)芝(zhi)松(song)茸(rong)在國內國際市場(chang),都比其他產區松(song)茸(rong)更受青睞。
松茸(rong)(rong)菌肉(rou)肥(fei)厚,具有香氣,味(wei)道(dao)鮮美,是名貴的野生食(shi)(shi)(shi)用菌,有很(hen)高(gao)的營(ying)養價值(zhi)。特(te)別是全球僅西藏林(lin)芝才(cai)產的櫟松茸(rong)(rong),在(zai)國內(nei)(nei)外食(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)多種多樣。燒、炒(chao)、煮(zhu)皆宜,可(ke)生食(shi)(shi)(shi)、煮(zhu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)、干制,也可(ke)配(pei)菜(cai)肴。與(yu)其他(ta)產地(di)松茸(rong)(rong)相比(bi),據(ju)國內(nei)(nei)外食(shi)(shi)(shi)客稱,林(lin)芝松茸(rong)(rong)食(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)鮮嫩可(ke)口(kou),味(wei)香濃,肉(rou)質細膩(ni),潤滑爽口(kou),口(kou)感如魚,食(shi)(shi)(shi)后余香耐人尋(xun)味(wei)。
林芝松(song)(song)茸除了含(han)有(you)豐富(fu)的蛋白質(zhi)、氨基酸等(deng)(deng)外,還(huan)(huan)含(han)有(you)較多的維生素和激(ji)素類。松(song)(song)茸聚糖甘露(lu)能(neng)抵制腫(zhong)瘤(liu)生長,因而有(you)一(yi)定的抗癌功(gong)效。當地人將松(song)(song)茸用(yong)于治療手足麻(ma)木、腰酸腿痛、尿濁(zhuo)不(bu)禁(jin)等(deng)(deng)癥,還(huan)(huan)認為林芝松(song)(song)茸有(you)聚精補(bu)腎,益(yi)精助陽(yang)的作(zuo)用(yong),能(neng)改善更年期內(nei)分泌紊亂、性功(gong)能(neng)失調等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。