一.產品介紹
延壽(shou)大(da)米(mi)生產(chan)地(di)域(yu)位于(yu)黑龍(long)江省東(dong)(dong)南部(bu),張廣才嶺西麓,松花江南岸的(de)螞蜒河中游(you)。東(dong)(dong)經127°54′20″-129°04′30″,北(bei)緯(wei)45°10'10″-45°45'25″,西部(bu)、南部(bu)與尚志市為鄰,東(dong)(dong)北(bei)與方(fang)正縣接壤,西北(bei)與賓縣毗連。東(dong)(dong)西長90公里,南北(bei)寬65公里,幅員面積3149.55平(ping)方(fang)公里。全縣有(you)5鎮(zhen)(zhen)4鄉(xiang)(xiang)106個(ge)行(xing)政村(cun),耕地(di)面積161萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)。地(di)理(li)標志區(qu)域(yu)包括延壽(shou)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(部(bu)分)、六團(tuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、中和鎮(zhen)(zhen)、加信鎮(zhen)(zhen)、安山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、壽(shou)山鄉(xiang)(xiang)(部(bu)分)、玉河鄉(xiang)(xiang)、延河鎮(zhen)(zhen)8個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen),70個(ge)行(xing)政村(cun)的(de)水稻田,生產(chan)面積33333公頃,年產(chan)大(da)米(mi)18萬(wan)(wan)噸左右。
二.自然生態環境(jing)和人文(wen)歷史(shi)因素
(1)土壤地貌情況:延壽大(da)米生產地域地勢平(ping)坦,遠離(li)市中心,無(wu)工業(ye)“三廢”污染,地凈田潔,土質(zhi)肥(fei)沃,為黑(hei)粘土、沙壤土質(zhi),地勢低洼,土壤有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)含(han)量3%-6%,自然肥(fei)力較高(gao),特別適合水稻生長。
(2)水(shui)文(wen)情況:黑龍(long)江省哈(ha)爾(er)濱市(shi)延(yan)壽縣境內螞蜒河(he)、亮珠河(he)、部分地下水(shui)澆(jiao)灌(guan)的(de)水(shui)田(tian),該基地位于灌(guan)溉(gai)區上游,無任何污(wu)染。氣(qi)候溫和,光照充(chong)足,雨(yu)量充(chong)沛(pei),生態環境良(liang)好,森(sen)林覆蓋率在(zai)46.9%。現(xian)有中型水(shui)庫2座,小型水(shui)庫25座,萬畝以上灌(guan)區10處,提(ti)水(shui)灌(guan)溉(gai)站點(dian)617處,塘壩(ba)1600座。
(3)延壽縣(xian)地(di)處中(zhong)緯度亞洲大陸東側,屬中(zhong)溫帶大陸性季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)。全縣(xian)年平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫為2.6℃。歷年最低氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫為-42.6℃,歷年最高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫為35℃,多年平(ping)(ping)均積溫螞蜒河兩岸為2493.5℃,山區(qu)與(yu)平(ping)(ping)原過渡(du)地(di)帶丘陵漫崗區(qu)為2300℃左右(you)。多年平(ping)(ping)均無霜期(qi)為122-129天(tian)。縣(xian)境內年平(ping)(ping)均降水量為570.9毫米,年平(ping)(ping)均日照時(shi)數為2490.1小時(shi),延壽縣(xian)的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)特點是典型的水旱兼作農業氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)區(qu)。
(4)人文歷史情(qing)況:延(yan)(yan)(yan)壽(shou)(shou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)至今已(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)80多年(nian)的(de)歷史。據《延(yan)(yan)(yan)壽(shou)(shou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志》記(ji)載(zai),民國(guo)12年(nian)(1923年(nian))入境的(de)朝鮮族農民開始在(zai)洼地(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),到(dao)(dao)(dao)民國(guo)16年(nian)(1927年(nian)),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)已(yi)(yi)達8345畝(mu)。到(dao)(dao)(dao)1934年(nian),全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)148380畝(mu),出現(xian)了水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)第一(yi)次高(gao)峰。到(dao)(dao)(dao)1989年(nian),全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)(dao)(dao)29.7萬(wan)畝(mu)。并(bing)從(cong)1989年(nian)開始試(shi)驗(yan)示(shi)范并(bing)推(tui)廣水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)旱(han)育(yu)(yu)稀(xi)植(zhi)高(gao)產(chan)栽(zai)培(pei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術,逐步結(jie)(jie)束水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)滿撒(sa)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)傳統種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術。實行扣塑(su)料棚(peng)旱(han)育(yu)(yu)稀(xi)植(zhi)插(cha)秧(yang)栽(zai)培(pei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)量(liang)有(you)(you)原來的(de)畝(mu)產(chan)100-150公(gong)(gong)斤(jin),一(yi)躍(yue)提升(sheng)到(dao)(dao)(dao)300-350公(gong)(gong)斤(jin),實現(xian)翻番(fan)增產(chan)。在(zai)肥料使用(yong)上,結(jie)(jie)合有(you)(you)機肥逐步增施(shi)(shi)化肥用(yong)量(liang),在(zai)除(chu)草方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)結(jie)(jie)合人工中(zhong)耕除(chu)草逐步推(tui)行化學(xue)除(chu)草,減輕農民勞動量(liang)。到(dao)(dao)(dao)1995年(nian),由(you)于(yu)高(gao)效(xiao)經濟作(zuo)物的(de)迅速發(fa)(fa)展,部分農民實行水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)改旱(han),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)下降到(dao)(dao)(dao)21.4萬(wan)畝(mu)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)量(liang)11.4萬(wan)噸(dun)。畝(mu)產(chan)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)532公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。到(dao)(dao)(dao)1999年(nian),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)(dao)(dao)23.7萬(wan)畝(mu),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)量(liang)14.7萬(wan)噸(dun)。從(cong)2002年(nian)開始水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)逐年(nian)增加,到(dao)(dao)(dao)2007年(nian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)發(fa)(fa)展到(dao)(dao)(dao)66.3萬(wan)畝(mu),產(chan)量(liang)33萬(wan)噸(dun)。全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)整合水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),按區域(yu)布(bu)局和(he)積(ji)溫區劃,全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)主推(tui)五(wu)優稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)3號(hao)、松粳(jing)10號(hao)、龍粳(jing)14、綏粳(jing)7號(hao)和(he)墾稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)12號(hao)等5個核心(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)化率達到(dao)(dao)(dao)98%以上。全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)推(tui)廣水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)旱(han)育(yu)(yu)稀(xi)植(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術、大中(zhong)棚(peng)育(yu)(yu)苗技(ji)(ji)(ji)術、機械插(cha)秧(yang)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術。自(zi)2005年(nian)開始試(shi)驗(yan)示(shi)范研(yan)究推(tui)廣水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)新基質無土旱(han)育(yu)(yu)苗高(gao)產(chan)栽(zai)培(pei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術并(bing)在(zai)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)示(shi)范推(tui)廣。延(yan)(yan)(yan)壽(shou)(shou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)栽(zai)培(pei)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術在(zai)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)占有(you)(you)領(ling)先(xian)地(di)位,已(yi)(yi)成為(wei)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)優質水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)重點產(chan)區之一(yi)。2008年(nian),延(yan)(yan)(yan)壽(shou)(shou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)被黑龍江省(sheng)綠(lv)辦批準為(wei)“創(chuang)建全(quan)(quan)國(guo)綠(lv)色食品(pin)標準化原料水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生產(chan)基地(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)”。自(zi)2006年(nian)開始實施(shi)(shi)品(pin)牌戰(zhan)略(lve),重點打造“亮(liang)(liang)珠(zhu)”品(pin)牌,使延(yan)(yan)(yan)壽(shou)(shou)大米走出省(sheng)門打入南方市(shi)場,其品(pin)牌越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)亮(liang)(liang),越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)響。
三.地域范圍
延(yan)(yan)壽(shou)大(da)米生產地(di)(di)(di)域位(wei)于黑龍江省東(dong)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu),張廣(guang)才(cai)嶺西麓,松(song)花江南(nan)岸的(de)螞蜒河(he)中(zhong)游。東(dong)經127°54′20″-129°04′30″,北(bei)(bei)(bei)緯(wei)45°10′10″-45°45′25″,西部(bu)(bu)(bu)、南(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)(yu)(yu)尚志(zhi)市為鄰,東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)方正縣(xian)接(jie)壤,西北(bei)(bei)(bei)與(yu)(yu)(yu)賓縣(xian)毗(pi)連。東(dong)西長(chang)90公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)寬65公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),幅(fu)員面(mian)(mian)積3149.55平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。全縣(xian)有5鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)4鄉(xiang)106個行政村,耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積161萬畝。地(di)(di)(di)理(li)標志(zhi)區域包(bao)括延(yan)(yan)壽(shou)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(部(bu)(bu)(bu)分)、六(liu)團(tuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、中(zhong)和鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、加信(xin)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、安山鄉(xiang)、壽(shou)山鄉(xiang)(部(bu)(bu)(bu)分)、玉(yu)河(he)鄉(xiang)、延(yan)(yan)河(he)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)8個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),70個行政村的(de)水稻田(tian)。
四.產品品質(zhi)特(te)性特(te)征(zheng)
(1)外在感官特征(zheng):延壽大米米粒粗(cu)長飽滿,晶瑩剔透(tou),蒸飯口(kou)感醇香(xiang),千粒重(zhong)50克。
(2)內在品質指標(biao):營養豐富富含(han)鋅(xin)和硒(xi)營養元素,經檢測含(han)粗蛋白大(da)(da)于(yu)5%,直(zhi)鏈淀粉大(da)(da)于(yu)18%,膠稠度大(da)(da)于(yu)76mm,食味品質85分。
(3)安全要求(qiu):延壽大米(mi)(mi)在生產和加工(gong)過程(cheng)中嚴格執行(xing)NY5116-2002無公害(hai)食品(pin)水稻產地環境條件,NY5115-200無公害(hai)食品(pin)大米(mi)(mi),GB/T8321農(nong)藥合理使用標準,GB4285農(nong)藥安全使用規定(ding)標準等國(guo)家強制性規定(ding)。
五.特定生產方(fang)式(shi)
1、產地選擇(ze):產地環(huan)境(jing)符合(he)NY/T391-2000《綠色(se)食(shi)品產地環(huan)境(jing)技術條件》。土(tu)壤選擇(ze)草甸土(tu)、沖(chong)擊(ji)土(tu)和水稻(dao)土(tu)。灌(guan)溉用水符合(he)GB5084-92《農田灌(guan)溉水質標(biao)準(zhun)》的規(gui)定。環(huan)境(jing)空氣質量應符合(he)GB3095-1996《環(huan)境(jing)空氣質量標(biao)準(zhun)》所規(gui)定的二(er)級標(biao)準(zhun)。
2、品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選擇:選用通過審定的(de)(de)、抗(kang)逆性強的(de)(de)中(zhong)晚(wan)熟的(de)(de)優(you)質(zhi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。目前全縣大(da)面積推廣優(you)質(zhi)水稻品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)五(wu)優(you)稻3號(hao)、松粳10號(hao)、龍粳14、綏粳7號(hao)和墾(ken)稻12號(hao)等(deng)5個核心品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)。這些品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)整精米(mi)(mi)率高(gao)(gao)、惡白率低、膠稠度高(gao)(gao)、米(mi)(mi)質(zhi)口感好,符合GB4404.1-1996《農作物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)子質(zhi)量標準(zhun)》。
3、生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程管理:包括農(nong)(nong)業投入(ru)品(pin)方面(mian)(mian)的特殊使用(yong)(yong)規(gui)定。水稻(dao)生(sheng)產(chan)以(yi)有(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)為主(zhu),化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)為輔(fu),化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)必(bi)須(xu)(xu)與(yu)有(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)配合使用(yong)(yong),有(you)(you)機肥(fei)(fei)料與(yu)無機氮的比例不超過(guo)(guo)(guo)1∶1,禁止施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)硝(xiao)態(tai)氮肥(fei)(fei)。生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程必(bi)須(xu)(xu)嚴格按照(zhao)延壽縣《綠(lv)(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)水稻(dao)種植技術規(gui)程》操作(zuo)。生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程中農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)和化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei)的使用(yong)(yong)必(bi)須(xu)(xu)符合《綠(lv)(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)使用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則(ze)》(NT/T393-2000)和《綠(lv)(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)肥(fei)(fei)料使用(yong)(yong)準(zhun)則(ze)》(NY/T394-2000)。具(ju)體(ti)栽(zai)培技術如下: 施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei):秧床(chuang)做好后,床(chuang)內進行(xing)平整(zheng)、翻曬,于播前3天打碎土塊、平整(zheng)床(chuang)面(mian)(mian)。施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)肥(fei)(fei),每平方米(mi)秧田施(shi)(shi)磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)二(er)銨75克,硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)銨50克,硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鉀(jia)50克,硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鋅5-10克;大(da)田畝(mu)施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)總量在施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)的基礎上,純氮12-14公斤,五氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)二(er)磷(lin)6-8公斤,氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)鉀(jia)3-4公斤,土壤(rang)肥(fei)(fei)力(li)高或農(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)使用(yong)(yong)多的以(yi)下限為宜,肥(fei)(fei)力(li)低或農(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)使用(yong)(yong)少的以(yi)上限為宜。 施(shi)(shi)藥(yao)(yao):將(jiang)選好的稻(dao)種用(yong)(yong)“使百克”1:4000倍液消毒(du)3-5天,防治(zhi)水稻(dao)惡苗(miao)病。苗(miao)床(chuang)以(yi)人工防除草(cao)為主(zhu)。本田雜(za)草(cao)采用(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)除草(cao)和人工除草(cao)相結合的方式。采用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)物技術防治(zhi)稻(dao)瘟病,每畝(mu)用(yong)(yong)“枯草(cao)芽(ya)孢(bao)桿菌”6-12克,對水40-60公斤,均(jun)勻(yun)噴(pen)霧,減少化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)污(wu)染。
4、產品收(shou)(shou)獲:稻谷含(han)水量在(zai)19-22%收(shou)(shou)割為(wei)宜。9月25日前后手(shou)工收(shou)(shou)割或機械收(shou)(shou)割后,適當晾(liang)曬,及時脫(tuo)粒。
5、生產(chan)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)要求:延壽縣生產(chan)水稻(dao)的全過程建立(li)生產(chan)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)檔案。設立(li)專門的記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)員負責農(nong)時操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu);農(nong)藥使用(yong)(yong)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)。檔案應(ying)完整、真實,并按作(zuo)(zuo)物分別記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)使用(yong)(yong)的農(nong)藥名(ming)稱(cheng),包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)通用(yong)(yong)名(ming)和商品(pin)(pin)名(ming)、登記(ji)(ji)證號、劑型、防治對象(xiang)、時間(jian)、施(shi)用(yong)(yong)量、次數、安全間(jian)隔期;肥料使用(yong)(yong)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)檔案應(ying)完整、真實,內(nei)容包(bao)括(kuo)(kuo)肥料名(ming)稱(cheng)、登記(ji)(ji)證號、類型、施(shi)用(yong)(yong)量、施(shi)用(yong)(yong)方(fang)法(fa)、次數等;及(ji)時做好各類農(nong)時操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)、產(chan)量記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)和產(chan)品(pin)(pin)銷售(shou)記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu);記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)需妥善保存1年(nian),以(yi)利可(ke)追溯性檢查。
6、投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan):在農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)方面采取了“四(si)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)”:一是(shi)市場監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。進一步(bu)加大(da)對投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)力度,搞好源(yuan)頭控制。在投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理上,堅持經營(ying)許可證制度和禁(jin)(jin)限用(yong)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)定期公開制度(電視公告、信(xin)息發布投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)禁(jin)(jin)限用(yong)清(qing)(qing)單)。綠辦(ban)(ban)與農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)執法(fa)大(da)隊(dui)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督下經營(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)業(ye)(ye)戶(hu)把禁(jin)(jin)限用(yong)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)清(qing)(qing)單張貼上墻,讓生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)者明明白(bai)白(bai)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)。二(er)是(shi)執法(fa)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。由(you)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)執法(fa)大(da)隊(dui)對生(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)市場、龍(long)頭企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、基(ji)地農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)進行(xing)(xing)全面檢查監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。三是(shi)技(ji)術監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。由(you)技(ji)術部門(men)對生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)者進行(xing)(xing)培訓,對生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)進行(xing)(xing)具(ju)體指導。四(si)是(shi)網絡監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。由(you)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量安全辦(ban)(ban)公室對生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程、基(ji)地、企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、生(sheng)(sheng)資(zi)業(ye)(ye)戶(hu)、投(tou)(tou)入(ru)(ru)品(pin)清(qing)(qing)單等(deng)建立電子檔案,實行(xing)(xing)數(shu)字化管(guan)(guan)(guan)理。
6.1嚴(yan)格控制種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)來源。種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)生產(chan)單(dan)位必(bi)需(xu)具(ju)備種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)生產(chan)經營(ying)(ying)許(xu)可證;經營(ying)(ying)單(dan)位必(bi)需(xu)具(ju)備營(ying)(ying)業執照、種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)經營(ying)(ying)許(xu)可證、種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)質量合(he)格證;從國(guo)外(wai)或(huo)外(wai)省市進口的(de)(de)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)必(bi)需(xu)有(you)檢疫證明(ming);設有(you)專門的(de)(de)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)倉庫(ku)和保(bao)管人(ren)員,保(bao)管人(ren)員應(ying)核對種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)數量、品種(zhong)和相關證件(jian)后,方(fang)可入庫(ku);種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)應(ying)有(you)詳細的(de)(de)進庫(ku)、出庫(ku)記錄(lu);過(guo)期的(de)(de)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)應(ying)及時清(qing)理。
6.2嚴格(ge)執行農(nong)藥合(he)理使(shi)(shi)用準則。農(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用嚴格(ge)按照國(guo)家(jia)頒(ban)布(bu)的(de)《農(nong)藥合(he)理使(shi)(shi)用準則》和(he)《農(nong)藥安(an)全(quan)使(shi)(shi)用標準》執行。農(nong)藥經營業主不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)購(gou)進(jin)劇毒、高(gao)(gao)毒、高(gao)(gao)殘留農(nong)藥和(he)國(guo)家(jia)明文(wen)規定(ding)不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用的(de)農(nong)藥,設有(you)專(zhuan)門(men)的(de)農(nong)藥倉(cang)庫和(he)保管人員(yuan);保管人員(yuan)對農(nong)藥的(de)數量(liang)、品種和(he)“三證”核對后(hou),方可入庫。農(nong)民在生產(chan)中不(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)用劇毒、高(gao)(gao)毒、高(gao)(gao)殘留農(nong)藥和(he)國(guo)家(jia)明文(wen)規定(ding)不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用的(de)農(nong)藥,盡量(liang)減少化學農(nong)藥的(de)使(shi)(shi)用,積極使(shi)(shi)用生物農(nong)藥。根(gen)據病蟲(chong)(chong)害發生情況或有(you)關技(ji)術部門(men)的(de)病蟲(chong)(chong)情報,在農(nong)技(ji)部門(men)指導下科(ke)學用藥。
6.3嚴格執(zhi)行肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)合(he)(he)理使(shi)用(yong)(yong)準則。根(gen)據植物生長需要(yao)平衡施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),施(shi)用(yong)(yong)經過無害(hai)化(hua)處(chu)理的(de)(de)(de)無公害(hai)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)及(ji)配合(he)(he)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)配比合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)(de)無機復合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)原則:以無公害(hai)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu),輔(fu)(fu)以其它肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao);以多(duo)元(yuan)復合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu),單元(yuan)素肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)為(wei)輔(fu)(fu);以施(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu),追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)輔(fu)(fu);盡量(liang)限制化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)用(yong)(yong);最后一次(ci)追施(shi)化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)在收獲(huo)前30天(tian)進行;及(ji)時做好肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)田間檔案記錄;肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)按種類不同分開堆放于干燥(zao)、陰(yin)涼的(de)(de)(de)倉庫等場所;避免因環(huan)境因素造成肥(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)損失和環(huan)境污染;外來肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)必須是“三證”(產(chan)品登記證、生產(chan)許可證、質量(liang)標準檢驗合(he)(he)格證)俱全的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品。
六.包裝(zhuang)標(biao)識相關規定
(1)延壽大米(mi)(mi)的分(fen)級(ji):延壽大米(mi)(mi)分(fen)為三個(ge)等(deng)級(ji),為無(wu)公害(hai)農(nong)產品大米(mi)(mi),A級(ji)綠色(se)食品大米(mi)(mi)、有機食品大米(mi)(mi)。
(2)標識:標志(zhi)使用(yong)人應在其(qi)產品或(huo)包裝上標有(you)“延(yan)壽(shou)大(da)米”字樣(yang)和農(nong)產品地理標志(zhi)公(gong)共標識。
(3)包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang):編織(zhi)袋包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang),規格(ge)25公(gong)斤(jin)/袋和10公(gong)斤(jin)/袋。紙袋包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang),每(mei)(mei)袋2kg,每(mei)(mei)箱4袋。8公(gong)斤(jin)/每(mei)(mei)箱。包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)材(cai)料符合國家食品包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)衛生(sheng)要(yao)求,并(bing)符合環境保(bao)護的要(yao)求。包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)材(cai)料堅固、清潔、干燥、無(wu)任何昆蟲(chong)傳播(bo)、真菌污染及不良氣味。
(4)貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存:在避光(guang)、常溫(wen)、干(gan)燥(zao)和有(you)防潮(chao)設(she)施處貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存。原(yuan)料(liao)按指定原(yuan)料(liao)庫(ku)貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存,貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存數(shu)量,執行管理規定。貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存庫(ku)房清潔、干(gan)燥(zao)、通風良(liang)好,無蟲害及鼠害。嚴禁與有(you)毒、有(you)害、有(you)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)、易發霉、發潮(chao)、有(you)異(yi)味(wei)的物(wu)品(pin)(pin)混存,成品(pin)(pin)貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存按品(pin)(pin)種、標號、編(bian)號、生產日期分別存放,以(yi)免混雜和受(shou)潮(chao)。 (5)運(yun)輸(shu):運(yun)輸(shu)工具清潔、干(gan)燥(zao)、有(you)防雨(yu)防雪設(she)施。嚴禁與有(you)毒、有(you)害、有(you)腐蝕(shi)性(xing)、有(you)異(yi)味(wei)的物(wu)品(pin)(pin)混運(yun)。