產品品質特性特征
紫鵲界(jie)貢(gong)米中的黑香米,株高90-100厘(li)米,株型松緊適中,劍(jian)葉直立,角度小,分蘗(bo)率中等(deng),抽(chou)穗(sui)整(zheng)齊,穗(sui)短而密,空殼(ke)率不(bu)高,谷粒短圓(yuan)形,谷殼(ke)帶(dai)黑色,稃尖(jian)無色,有芒(mang),千粒重(zhong)25克左右。耐(nai)肥,耐(nai)寒,抗倒(dao),不(bu)易掉粒,感稻瘟病。一般畝產(chan)200-300公斤。全生育(yu)期140-145天。
紫鵲界黑(hei)(hei)香米(mi),亦稱(cheng)(cheng)黑(hei)(hei)貢(gong)(gong)米(mi),有(you)(you)“藥(yao)米(mi)”、“長(chang)壽米(mi)”、“黑(hei)(hei)珍珠”之(zhi)美譽。相傳秦(qin)始(shi)皇(huang)(huang)統一(yi)全國后(hou),為(wei)(wei)了尋找(zhao)長(chang)生不老藥(yao),派人遍訪靈丹圣草(cao)。臣子們來到地(di)處湘西地(di)區的紫鵲界奉家(jia)山(即現在(zai)湖南新(xin)化縣水車(che)鎮和奉家(jia)鎮),采集到一(yi)種“神(shen)藥(yao)”(即紫鵲界黑(hei)(hei)香米(mi)),秦(qin)始(shi)皇(huang)(huang)吃(chi)后(hou)覺得筋骨舒展(zhan)、渾身(shen)是勁、不知饑餓,定(ding)能延(yan)年益壽,稱(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)“長(chang)壽米(mi)”。后(hou)來漢(han)武帝(di)吃(chi)了稱(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)“神(shen)米(mi)”,再后(hou)來乾(qian)隆皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)下江南吃(chi)了后(hou)責成新(xin)化縣衙每年將此米(mi)進(jin)貢(gong)(gong)百(bai)擔做為(wei)(wei)皇(huang)(huang)宮口糧(liang),稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“貢(gong)(gong)米(mi)”。據(ju)《新(xin)化縣志(zhi)》載:老莊(zhuang)村志(zhi)留紀正長(chang)巖風化物(wu)發(fa)育的麻粉(fen)泥田,生產優(you)質“香稻”,歷(li)史上稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“貢(gong)(gong)米(mi)”。 據(ju)《本草(cao)綱目(mu)》記載:貢(gong)(gong)米(mi)有(you)(you)滋(zi)陰(yin)補腎、健(jian)脾暖胃、明(ming)目(mu)活血的功效,現代醫學(xue)證明(ming):經常食用(yong)貢(gong)(gong)米(mi),有(you)(you)利于(yu)防止頭昏、目(mu)眩、貧(pin)血、白發(fa)、眼疾、腰腿疲(pi)軟等癥。
地域范圍
紫(zi)(zi)(zi)鵲(que)(que)界(jie)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu):紫(zi)(zi)(zi)鵲(que)(que)界(jie)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(以下簡稱紫(zi)(zi)(zi)鵲(que)(que)界(jie))座落(luo)在(zai)(zai)湖(hu)南省新(xin)化縣(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)車(che)鎮(zhen)(zhen)境內。新(xin)化縣(xian)(xian)位于湖(hu)南省中(zhong)部(bu)偏西(xi),踞雪峰山(shan)東(dong)南麓,跨資水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)游兩岸。地(di)(di)理坐(zuo)(zuo)標:北(bei)緯(wei)27°31′— 28°14′,東(dong)經110°45′— 111°41′。東(dong)北(bei)至(zhi)南與(yu)漣源、冷水(shui)(shui)(shui)江(jiang)市(shi)交界(jie),南至(zhi)西(xi)南與(yu)新(xin)邵、隆回縣(xian)(xian)為(wei)鄰,西(xi)至(zhi)西(xi)北(bei)與(yu)溆(xu)浦縣(xian)(xian)接壤,北(bei)與(yu)安(an)化縣(xian)(xian)毗(pi)連。總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)3567平(ping)方(fang)公里,其(qi)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)田(tian)面(mian)積(ji)53萬畝,旱地(di)(di)20.6萬畝。年(nian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻播種面(mian)積(ji)80萬畝,平(ping)均畝產472公斤,總(zong)產377789噸。紫(zi)(zi)(zi)鵲(que)(que)界(jie)座落(luo)在(zai)(zai)新(xin)化縣(xian)(xian)域西(xi)南角,離(li)縣(xian)(xian)城60公里,屬水(shui)(shui)(shui)車(che)鎮(zhen)(zhen)管(guan)轄。地(di)(di)理坐(zuo)(zuo)標:北(bei)緯(wei)27°40′— 27°45′;東(dong)經110°01′— 110°52′。紫(zi)(zi)(zi)鵲(que)(que)界(jie)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(包括(kuo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)車(che)、文田(tian)、奉家鎮(zhen)(zhen))總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)2155平(ping)方(fang)公里,人(ren)口100000。年(nian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻播種面(mian)積(ji)12000公頃,年(nian)產量4.5萬噸。
紫(zi)鵲界(jie)貢米(mi)是由黑稻加工而成的黑糙米(mi),是一(yi)種具有諸多營養和保健功(gong)效的珍貴稻米(mi)。谷粒呈(cheng)短(duan)圓形,皮黑,聞之有清香。煮熟(shu)后飯(fan)呈(cheng)紫(zi)黑色,香味濃郁,柔軟不黏。
據(ju)湖南省農業(ye)科學院稻(dao)米(mi)及制(zhi)品檢測(ce)中心分析(xi)表明(ming):紫(zi)鵲界貢(gong)(gong)(gong)米(mi)富含淀粉(fen)、蛋(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)、脂肪(fang)、纖維素、多種(zhong)維生素,同時含有鐵、鈣、鋅、硒(xi)等多種(zhong)礦物質(zhi)(zhi)和(he)人體需(xu)要的微(wei)量元素,氨(an)基酸(suan)(suan)含量豐富。此外,人體所(suo)必需(xu)的賴氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)、色氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)、精氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)和(he)蛋(dan)氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)等八(ba)種(zhong)氨(an)基酸(suan)(suan)在貢(gong)(gong)(gong)米(mi)中都蘊藏。尤為珍貴的是,檢測(ce)表明(ming):紫(zi)鵲界貢(gong)(gong)(gong)米(mi)灰分-呈堿(jian)性。其獨特的堿(jian)性品質(zhi)(zhi),正適(shi)用于被瑞士學者推廣的調整體液酸(suan)(suan)堿(jian)平衡這個抗癌新途徑(jing)。
此外,紫鵲界(jie)貢(gong)米中淀粉(fen)含量(liang)為(wei)80.1%,能充分保證人體所需熱量(liang)的來源,因此,經常食用(yong)(yong)紫鵲界(jie)貢(gong)米,對人體保肝解毒(du)、節約蛋白質和抗酮體等有一定作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。紫鵲界(jie)貢(gong)米還富含1.34%的粗纖維(wei),纖維(wei)素有充盈腸(chang)道(dao)、促(cu)進腸(chang)道(dao)蠕動、促(cu)進消化(hua)液的分泌、減少(shao)膽固醇吸收等作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong),經常食用(yong)(yong),對預防(fang)動脈硬(ying)化(hua)、防(fang)止腸(chang)癌大有益處(chu)。